EP0295291B1 - System zum verschieben eines instrumentenbehälters, sowie messverfahren und/oder eingriffsverfahren in einem bohrloch - Google Patents
System zum verschieben eines instrumentenbehälters, sowie messverfahren und/oder eingriffsverfahren in einem bohrloch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0295291B1 EP0295291B1 EP88900695A EP88900695A EP0295291B1 EP 0295291 B1 EP0295291 B1 EP 0295291B1 EP 88900695 A EP88900695 A EP 88900695A EP 88900695 A EP88900695 A EP 88900695A EP 0295291 B1 EP0295291 B1 EP 0295291B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support
- zone
- cable
- instruments
- well
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012550 audit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/14—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/08—Introducing or running tools by fluid pressure, e.g. through-the-flow-line tool systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a system making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well at the level of the surrounding formations, and more particularly measurements of noise or vibrations for which the instruments must be mechanically decoupled from the casing by which mechanical waves are transmitted, especially from the surface.
- the measurements carried out can, for example, include the triaxial recording of the noises produced by the rocks thus put under stress.
- the analysis of the detected vibrations makes it possible to define the orientation of the noise source and consequently the direction of propagation of the fracture. This analysis technique is well known to geophysicists and will not be described here in more detail.
- the invention is particularly applicable when it is a question of making measurements, such as vibration measurements, at the level of geological formations of a well located in an area, or close to an area of this well or another well where hydraulic fracturing is practiced.
- the measurements carried out may also include recording the pressure and the background temperature, the measurement (focused or not) of the electrical resistivity of the formations, etc.
- One of the objects of the invention is to provide a device making it possible to move a measuring or intervention instrument in a well area.
- French patents FR-2,544,013, 2,564,894, 2,573,472 already know methods and devices making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well, an area of which is subjected to hydraulic compression, but the devices and methods previously proposed show certain drawbacks in use such as the imprecision in maneuvering the support of the assembly, therefore of the instruments, the risks of blocking of the support in the casing, in particular because of the W-groove, the involuntary uncoupling between the transmission cable and the support during operation.
- This system which can be operated remotely from the surface between a first position and a second position distinct from the first comprises in particular a body inside which a support is placed, the body cooperating with the support to ensure movement of the support relative to the body, and having a lower stop of the body, the support being mechanically connected to said set of instruments by a connecting shaft, the system being characterized in that it comprises another stop delimiting together with the stop in the low position the stroke of said support and in that it comprises means for moving the support relative to the body and that this system is devoid of reversible locking means.
- the system may include hydraulic means allowing the support to move relative to the body by pumping fluid.
- the interior of the body may have a cylindrical shape.
- the body may be produced in a tube comprising a tubular clearance, the dimensions of the clearance being greater than the dimensions of the tube.
- the system may include return means, such as a spring, making it possible to assign by default to the support one or the other of the positions defined above.
- the support may include a guide for centering the bar and means suitable for securing the support bar, these securing means being able to be erased, that is to say being erasable.
- the device may include an electrical transmission cable connected to the surface, one end of which has a plug-in connection plug in a liquid medium, adapted to cooperate with a complementary socket secured to the support. , the complementary socket being connected to said assembly by an electrical connection cable.
- the securing means may include a drive member and a receiving member cooperating with the drive member, the drive member being integral with the load bar and being actuated from the surface by means of a control line.
- the securing means may comprise a shearable mechanical part and adapted to dissociate the traction means from the surface by the cable, the support being in abutment on the second stop limiting the travel of said support in the high position.
- the system may include destructive support locking means in the first position, the means being erased to allow measurement or intervention of the assembly.
- the support When a first zone in which said assembly is located is hydraulically isolated from a zone external to this first zone, the support may be adapted to cooperate with the body in order to provide a seal and prevent any flow of fluid in one direction or / and in the other direction between the first zone and the external zone.
- the system may include means making it possible to dampen the movements of the support in the vicinity of the stops.
- the compression zone can be delimited by means of at least one expandable annular sealing member placed between the casing and the wall and depending on whether the set is not or is located in said zone, the zone in which the set of instruments is located is isolated or not isolated compression.
- the reference 6 represents the casing, placed inside a well, which comprises the system allowing the displacement of an assembly comprising a or several measuring or intervention instruments.
- This system comprises a support 9 to which is suspended by a connecting shaft, such as a flexible flexible shaft, or a cable 13, an instrumentation assembly (not shown) and a body 6a integral with the casing 6 inside which the guided support 9 of the instrument assembly slides.
- the support 9, as well as the internal shoulders 11 and 12, has recesses or bores allowing a hydraulic fluid to flow throughout the casing 6, around the centering guide 8, in the two positions of the probe 2.
- This centering guide 8 may include a tubular support as illustrated in the figures.
- the support 9 like all the elements which are integral with it, such as the centering guide 8, can cooperate with the body 6a to come into contact with the stops 11 and 12.
- the support is in a first position when it is in contact with the high stop 11 and that it is in a second position when it is in contact with the bottom stop 12.
- the internal shape of the body 6a like that outside of the support 9 is advantageously cylindrical, but any other shape can be used allowing the support 9 to slide in the body 6a placed in the casing 6.
- the movement of the support can be controlled from the surface by a traction cable 17.
- the traction cable 17 which passes inside the casing can only be put in place long after the displacement system has been lowered into the well, therefore, the mechanical connection allowing securing the cable to the support must be removable.
- the cable 17 is provided at its lower end with a load or ballasting bar 16, allowing the cable 17 to descend into the casing 6.
- the bar 16 is centered by a guide 8 which may, as shown here, but not necessarily, be integral with the support 9.
- the load bar 16 is secured to the support by means of any suitable device, such as locking dogs 15a secured to the bar 16 and cooperating with notches 8a, located in the support 9, or in the centering guide 8, when the latter is secured to the support.
- any suitable device such as locking dogs 15a secured to the bar 16 and cooperating with notches 8a, located in the support 9, or in the centering guide 8, when the latter is secured to the support.
- the securing means which are erasable, comprise a motor member, preferably integral with the load bar to be controlled as directly and simply as possible from a distance, and a receiving member, preferably integral with the support 9, adapted to cooperate with the drive member to secure the connection.
- the drive member such as electric or electro-hydraulic locking dogs, is controlled from the surface by an electric line associated with the traction cable 17. Once the cable is secured to the support, it is possible to place it by traction in the first position. The return of the support to the second position is effected by the action on the support of the gravitational forces or of the hydraulic forces produced by a sufficient circulation of fluid.
- the support 9 and the flared part of the centering guide 8 are provided channels 9b and 8b respectively, suitably sized, allowing the passage of drilling fluid, in particular with a view to producing hydraulic fracturing in an area placed below the level of the support.
- the cable 13 can be provided with power supply lines and / or measurement transmission lines, such as electrically conductive lines, connected to a male connection plug 14 secured to the support 9 and cooperating with a socket.
- complementary female 15 placed on the load bar 16, which socket 15 is connected to the surface by transmission lines associated with the traction cable 17.
- the plug 14 and the socket 15 are placed in the axis of the support and are connected during attachment to the support 9 of the traction cable 17 provided with the load bar 16.
- the support 9 comprises hydraulic means suitable for pumping the support, such as sealing or water passage restrictions, it is possible, by pumping fluid either in the casing or in the annular zone, to bring the support 9 into the 'one and the other of the positions, without resorting to a traction cable.
- the free end of the cable to be connected to the support may be provided with a motor plug, allowing the fluid pumping means to move the free end of the cable.
- Figure 2 shows schematically the phase of descent into the well of the set of instruments and the movement system of this set placed at the lower end of a casing.
- the well 1 is equipped over a certain length with a casing 4 terminated by the shoe 5 at its lower part.
- the set of instruments 2 comprises a logging probe, but it could also include a television camera, or an intervention instrument such as, for example, a punching tool, etc.
- annular sealing member 7, radially expandable, which may be of a conventional type (packer) is placed at the lower end of the casing 6.
- This member is for example obtained by axial displacement of the casing 6, causing the spacing of the packer anchoring corners.
- a packer with hydraulic anchoring of a known type for example the AD1 model offered by the company BAKER OIL TOOLS.
- this member 7 In its expansion position, this member 7 is pressed against the wall of the casing 4.
- the support 9, surmounted by a centering guide 8, is housed in the casing 6.
- the probe 2 is connected to the support 9 by a flexible connection, that is to say of negligible stiffness which, in the illustrated embodiment, is formed by a support cable 13 passing through an axial passage 7a of the organ 7.
- the cable 13 contains electrical conductors for supplying and transmitting the measurements which electrically connect the probe 2 to a male electrical plug 14, multi-contact, disposed on the support 9.
- This male plug is suitable for receiving a complementary female socket 15 surmounted by a load or ballast bar 16.
- the probe 2 could, for example, be of known type and include articulated anchoring arms 18, 19 folded along the probe body when this probe is lowered into the well, these arms being deployed hydraulically by electrical remote control from the surface , via cables 17 and 13.
- the arms 18 and 19 are then anchored in the wall of the well and press the probe 2 against this wall on the diametrically opposite side.
- These arms may be connected to one or more pads applying against the wall of the well.
- this probe could in particular include triaxial dynamic accelerometers, recording the components A x , A y and A z noise along three axes perpendicular to each other and pressure sensors measuring respectively the hydrostatic pressure prevailing in the well outside the probe and the pressure of application of the arms 18 and 19 against the wall.
- This probe may also include sensors determining in a known manner its inclination to the vertical (static accelerometers or inclinometers) and the orientation of a reference generator of this probe ("tool face") relative to the direction of magnetic north ( triaxial magnetometers, or compass).
- FIG. 2 illustrates the first step in which the fixing of the packer 7 to the lower end of the casing 6 is firstly carried out on the surface.
- the support 9 provided with the centering guide 8 is then introduced into the latter, arranged vertically. , by passing the electrical cable 13 previously connected to the support 9 through the packer 7.
- the probe (or intervention tool) 2 is then fixed under the packer 7, at the lower end of the cable 13, and is thus suspended under the casing 6.
- the assembly is then gradually lowered into the well 1 from the drilling tower 23, by adding successive casing elements 6 until the probe 2 reaches the desired depth, substantially at the level of the shoe 5 with regard to the Figure 2, the number of casing elements 6 connected end to end to know at all times the depth reached.
- the packer 7 is anchored to the lower end of the casing 4 (Fig. 2).
- the casing 6 is connected at its upper part to a pipe 24 for supplying pressurized hydraulic fluid and is provided at its top with a safety shutter or cable gland 25 in which the cable 17 supporting the assembly is made to slide formed by the load bar 16 and the female socket 15, until the latter comes to be connected to the male plug 14 fixed on the support 9 which supports the probe, the centering guide 8 ensuring guidance of the assembly 15-16 to facilitate this connection (Fig. 3).
- Interlocking or mechanical connection members 15a and 8a are respectively adapted to the socket 15 and to the internal wall of the guide 8, these members being adapted to be released under the action of a command from the surface.
- the cable 17 is unwound from the surface from a winch 26. Between the winch 26 and the shutter 25, the cable 17 passes over the return pulleys 27 and 28.
- the opening of the articulated arms 18 and 19 is remote controlled from the station 29 by means of the cables 17 and 13.
- the ends of these arms are anchored in the wall of the well 1, by pressing the probe 2 against the portion of wall diametrically opposite to these arms (Fig. 5).
- a distance between stops of 50 cm may be sufficient to mechanically decouple the probe from its support.
- the stroke of the support 9 inside the body 8a may be several meters.
- the remote control signals of the probe 2 from the surface, as well as the measurement signals coming from the probe 2 and the electric current supplying it, are respectively transmitted from, and to the surface station 29 via the conductors incorporated in cables 13 and 17, the electrical connection between these conductors and the station 29 being produced in a known manner by a set of brushes rubbing on slip rings integral with the shaft of the winch 26.
- the hydraulic fracturing of the formations located under the packer 7 can be carried out by pumping hydraulic fluid under pressure through the pipe 24 located on the surface.
- the traction cable 17 is separated from the support 9 by producing the unlocking of the dogs from the surface, then the female electrical socket 15 is disconnected from the male plug 14. It is then possible to reassemble by means of the cable 17 the assembly constituted by the socket female 15 and the load bar 16 surmounting this socket.
- the probe remains suspended under the casing 6 by the connecting cable 13.
- the casing 6 can then in turn be gradually withdrawn from the well, the elements of this casing being successively disconnected at the surface.
- sealing member 7 in a non-cased area of the well which will be isolated from the rest of the well by the use of a sealing member completely sealing the well at a level below that of the instrument or probe, in its low position.
- the casing 4 descends under the total sealing member defined above.
- the casing 4 is perforated in a conventional manner, in order to allow the injected hydraulic fluid to flow through the formations located at this level.
- the support 9 must be adapted to cooperate with the body 8a to ensure a seal and prevent any flow of fluid from the fracturing coming from said fracturing zone towards said zone where the measurements or / and interventions are carried out.
- the support does not have channels 9b, or at least the support is adapted so that the fluid contained in the casing does not escape through these channels.
- a valve preventing this circulation of fluids could also be used.
- a lining placed between the support 9 and the shoulder 12 secured to the support or the body 8a makes it possible to complete this seal.
- the means for securing the load bar 16 to the support 9 are of a type requiring that the support 9 or the centering guide 8 be in contact with the shoulder 11 to allow the load bar to be detached support.
- the separation is effected by shearing of a mechanical part, it is possible to use a device damping the support during at least the end of its fall towards the low stop 12.
- a hydraulic type shock absorber may consist of two jackets, one of which is secured to the support 9 and cooperates with another 31 secured to the body 6a to define a chamber whose volume of fluid decreases when the support approaches the second position. evacuated by nozzles calibrated for this purpose.
- the device comprises a spring or any other return means making it possible to assign the support to the first position by default, when the probe is held by the support and the load bar not yet anchored. Then, under the effect of the (apparent) weight of the load bar, the spring compresses until the support reaches the second position.
- This device is particularly applicable to sets of instruments, which must be placed inside a casing during descent in order to be protected, the first position corresponding to the probe located in the casing, the second position to the probe leaving the housing and decoupled from the casing.
Landscapes
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8618413 | 1986-12-31 | ||
FR8618413A FR2609101B1 (fr) | 1986-12-31 | 1986-12-31 | Systeme de deplacement d'un ensemble d'instruments et methode de mesures ou/et d'interventions dans un puits |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0295291A1 EP0295291A1 (de) | 1988-12-21 |
EP0295291B1 true EP0295291B1 (de) | 1992-04-29 |
Family
ID=9342476
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88900695A Expired - Lifetime EP0295291B1 (de) | 1986-12-31 | 1987-12-30 | System zum verschieben eines instrumentenbehälters, sowie messverfahren und/oder eingriffsverfahren in einem bohrloch |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4898240A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0295291B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1315671C (de) |
DE (1) | DE3778698D1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2609101B1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO875459L (de) |
WO (1) | WO1988005109A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2669077B2 (fr) * | 1990-11-09 | 1995-02-03 | Institut Francais Petrole | Methode et dispositif pour effectuer des interventions dans des puits ou regnent des temperatures elevees. |
US8376046B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2013-02-19 | II Wayne F. Broussard | Fractionation system and methods of using same |
US10941656B2 (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2021-03-09 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole configurable testing apparatus and methods |
WO2019194899A1 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-10 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods, apparatus and systems for creating bismuth alloy plugs for abandoned wells |
US11643902B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2023-05-09 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods, apparatus and systems for creating wellbore plugs for abandoned wells |
US11274549B2 (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2022-03-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Logging operations in oil and gas applications |
US11286725B2 (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-03-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Drill pipe segments for logging operations |
US12054999B2 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2024-08-06 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Maintaining and inspecting a wellbore |
US11448026B1 (en) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-09-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Cable head for a wireline tool |
US11859815B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2024-01-02 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Flare control at well sites |
US11905791B2 (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2024-02-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Float valve for drilling and workover operations |
US11913298B2 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2024-02-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Downhole milling system |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4349072A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-09-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for conducting logging or perforating operations in a borehole |
FR2501777B1 (fr) * | 1981-03-13 | 1986-08-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode et dispositif pour effectuer, a l'aide d'outils specialises, des operations telles que des mesures, dans des portions de puits fortement inclinees sur la verticale, ou horizontales |
FR2502408B1 (de) * | 1981-03-17 | 1983-11-18 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | |
US4488597A (en) * | 1981-10-13 | 1984-12-18 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Pump-down stinger assembly method and apparatus |
US4485870A (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1984-12-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for conducting wireline operations in a borehole |
US4484628A (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1984-11-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for conducting wireline operations in a borehole |
FR2544013B1 (fr) * | 1983-04-07 | 1986-05-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures ou/et interventions dans un puits |
FR2547861B1 (fr) * | 1983-06-22 | 1987-03-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode et dispositif de mesure et d'intervention dans un puits |
FR2564894B2 (fr) * | 1984-05-25 | 1986-10-03 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures et/ou interventions dans un puits. |
FR2573472B2 (fr) * | 1984-11-22 | 1987-01-09 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Methode et dispositif permettant d'effectuer des mesures et/ou interventions dans un puits |
US4609005A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1986-09-02 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Tubing isolation disc valve |
-
1986
- 1986-12-31 FR FR8618413A patent/FR2609101B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-12-29 NO NO875459A patent/NO875459L/no unknown
- 1987-12-30 EP EP88900695A patent/EP0295291B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-30 DE DE8888900695T patent/DE3778698D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-12-30 US US07/257,311 patent/US4898240A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-30 WO PCT/FR1987/000520 patent/WO1988005109A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1987-12-31 CA CA000555721A patent/CA1315671C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4898240A (en) | 1990-02-06 |
FR2609101A1 (fr) | 1988-07-01 |
EP0295291A1 (de) | 1988-12-21 |
NO875459D0 (no) | 1987-12-29 |
FR2609101B1 (fr) | 1989-12-08 |
WO1988005109A1 (fr) | 1988-07-14 |
NO875459L (no) | 1988-07-01 |
DE3778698D1 (de) | 1992-06-04 |
CA1315671C (fr) | 1993-04-06 |
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