EP0295291B1 - System for moving a set of instruments and measurements and/or interventions method in a well - Google Patents

System for moving a set of instruments and measurements and/or interventions method in a well Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0295291B1
EP0295291B1 EP88900695A EP88900695A EP0295291B1 EP 0295291 B1 EP0295291 B1 EP 0295291B1 EP 88900695 A EP88900695 A EP 88900695A EP 88900695 A EP88900695 A EP 88900695A EP 0295291 B1 EP0295291 B1 EP 0295291B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
zone
cable
instruments
well
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EP88900695A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0295291A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Wittrisch
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/14—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/08—Introducing or running tools by fluid pressure, e.g. through-the-flow-line tool systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a system making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well at the level of the surrounding formations, and more particularly measurements of noise or vibrations for which the instruments must be mechanically decoupled from the casing by which mechanical waves are transmitted, especially from the surface.
  • the measurements carried out can, for example, include the triaxial recording of the noises produced by the rocks thus put under stress.
  • the analysis of the detected vibrations makes it possible to define the orientation of the noise source and consequently the direction of propagation of the fracture. This analysis technique is well known to geophysicists and will not be described here in more detail.
  • the invention is particularly applicable when it is a question of making measurements, such as vibration measurements, at the level of geological formations of a well located in an area, or close to an area of this well or another well where hydraulic fracturing is practiced.
  • the measurements carried out may also include recording the pressure and the background temperature, the measurement (focused or not) of the electrical resistivity of the formations, etc.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide a device making it possible to move a measuring or intervention instrument in a well area.
  • French patents FR-2,544,013, 2,564,894, 2,573,472 already know methods and devices making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well, an area of which is subjected to hydraulic compression, but the devices and methods previously proposed show certain drawbacks in use such as the imprecision in maneuvering the support of the assembly, therefore of the instruments, the risks of blocking of the support in the casing, in particular because of the W-groove, the involuntary uncoupling between the transmission cable and the support during operation.
  • This system which can be operated remotely from the surface between a first position and a second position distinct from the first comprises in particular a body inside which a support is placed, the body cooperating with the support to ensure movement of the support relative to the body, and having a lower stop of the body, the support being mechanically connected to said set of instruments by a connecting shaft, the system being characterized in that it comprises another stop delimiting together with the stop in the low position the stroke of said support and in that it comprises means for moving the support relative to the body and that this system is devoid of reversible locking means.
  • the system may include hydraulic means allowing the support to move relative to the body by pumping fluid.
  • the interior of the body may have a cylindrical shape.
  • the body may be produced in a tube comprising a tubular clearance, the dimensions of the clearance being greater than the dimensions of the tube.
  • the system may include return means, such as a spring, making it possible to assign by default to the support one or the other of the positions defined above.
  • the support may include a guide for centering the bar and means suitable for securing the support bar, these securing means being able to be erased, that is to say being erasable.
  • the device may include an electrical transmission cable connected to the surface, one end of which has a plug-in connection plug in a liquid medium, adapted to cooperate with a complementary socket secured to the support. , the complementary socket being connected to said assembly by an electrical connection cable.
  • the securing means may include a drive member and a receiving member cooperating with the drive member, the drive member being integral with the load bar and being actuated from the surface by means of a control line.
  • the securing means may comprise a shearable mechanical part and adapted to dissociate the traction means from the surface by the cable, the support being in abutment on the second stop limiting the travel of said support in the high position.
  • the system may include destructive support locking means in the first position, the means being erased to allow measurement or intervention of the assembly.
  • the support When a first zone in which said assembly is located is hydraulically isolated from a zone external to this first zone, the support may be adapted to cooperate with the body in order to provide a seal and prevent any flow of fluid in one direction or / and in the other direction between the first zone and the external zone.
  • the system may include means making it possible to dampen the movements of the support in the vicinity of the stops.
  • the compression zone can be delimited by means of at least one expandable annular sealing member placed between the casing and the wall and depending on whether the set is not or is located in said zone, the zone in which the set of instruments is located is isolated or not isolated compression.
  • the reference 6 represents the casing, placed inside a well, which comprises the system allowing the displacement of an assembly comprising a or several measuring or intervention instruments.
  • This system comprises a support 9 to which is suspended by a connecting shaft, such as a flexible flexible shaft, or a cable 13, an instrumentation assembly (not shown) and a body 6a integral with the casing 6 inside which the guided support 9 of the instrument assembly slides.
  • the support 9, as well as the internal shoulders 11 and 12, has recesses or bores allowing a hydraulic fluid to flow throughout the casing 6, around the centering guide 8, in the two positions of the probe 2.
  • This centering guide 8 may include a tubular support as illustrated in the figures.
  • the support 9 like all the elements which are integral with it, such as the centering guide 8, can cooperate with the body 6a to come into contact with the stops 11 and 12.
  • the support is in a first position when it is in contact with the high stop 11 and that it is in a second position when it is in contact with the bottom stop 12.
  • the internal shape of the body 6a like that outside of the support 9 is advantageously cylindrical, but any other shape can be used allowing the support 9 to slide in the body 6a placed in the casing 6.
  • the movement of the support can be controlled from the surface by a traction cable 17.
  • the traction cable 17 which passes inside the casing can only be put in place long after the displacement system has been lowered into the well, therefore, the mechanical connection allowing securing the cable to the support must be removable.
  • the cable 17 is provided at its lower end with a load or ballasting bar 16, allowing the cable 17 to descend into the casing 6.
  • the bar 16 is centered by a guide 8 which may, as shown here, but not necessarily, be integral with the support 9.
  • the load bar 16 is secured to the support by means of any suitable device, such as locking dogs 15a secured to the bar 16 and cooperating with notches 8a, located in the support 9, or in the centering guide 8, when the latter is secured to the support.
  • any suitable device such as locking dogs 15a secured to the bar 16 and cooperating with notches 8a, located in the support 9, or in the centering guide 8, when the latter is secured to the support.
  • the securing means which are erasable, comprise a motor member, preferably integral with the load bar to be controlled as directly and simply as possible from a distance, and a receiving member, preferably integral with the support 9, adapted to cooperate with the drive member to secure the connection.
  • the drive member such as electric or electro-hydraulic locking dogs, is controlled from the surface by an electric line associated with the traction cable 17. Once the cable is secured to the support, it is possible to place it by traction in the first position. The return of the support to the second position is effected by the action on the support of the gravitational forces or of the hydraulic forces produced by a sufficient circulation of fluid.
  • the support 9 and the flared part of the centering guide 8 are provided channels 9b and 8b respectively, suitably sized, allowing the passage of drilling fluid, in particular with a view to producing hydraulic fracturing in an area placed below the level of the support.
  • the cable 13 can be provided with power supply lines and / or measurement transmission lines, such as electrically conductive lines, connected to a male connection plug 14 secured to the support 9 and cooperating with a socket.
  • complementary female 15 placed on the load bar 16, which socket 15 is connected to the surface by transmission lines associated with the traction cable 17.
  • the plug 14 and the socket 15 are placed in the axis of the support and are connected during attachment to the support 9 of the traction cable 17 provided with the load bar 16.
  • the support 9 comprises hydraulic means suitable for pumping the support, such as sealing or water passage restrictions, it is possible, by pumping fluid either in the casing or in the annular zone, to bring the support 9 into the 'one and the other of the positions, without resorting to a traction cable.
  • the free end of the cable to be connected to the support may be provided with a motor plug, allowing the fluid pumping means to move the free end of the cable.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically the phase of descent into the well of the set of instruments and the movement system of this set placed at the lower end of a casing.
  • the well 1 is equipped over a certain length with a casing 4 terminated by the shoe 5 at its lower part.
  • the set of instruments 2 comprises a logging probe, but it could also include a television camera, or an intervention instrument such as, for example, a punching tool, etc.
  • annular sealing member 7, radially expandable, which may be of a conventional type (packer) is placed at the lower end of the casing 6.
  • This member is for example obtained by axial displacement of the casing 6, causing the spacing of the packer anchoring corners.
  • a packer with hydraulic anchoring of a known type for example the AD1 model offered by the company BAKER OIL TOOLS.
  • this member 7 In its expansion position, this member 7 is pressed against the wall of the casing 4.
  • the support 9, surmounted by a centering guide 8, is housed in the casing 6.
  • the probe 2 is connected to the support 9 by a flexible connection, that is to say of negligible stiffness which, in the illustrated embodiment, is formed by a support cable 13 passing through an axial passage 7a of the organ 7.
  • the cable 13 contains electrical conductors for supplying and transmitting the measurements which electrically connect the probe 2 to a male electrical plug 14, multi-contact, disposed on the support 9.
  • This male plug is suitable for receiving a complementary female socket 15 surmounted by a load or ballast bar 16.
  • the probe 2 could, for example, be of known type and include articulated anchoring arms 18, 19 folded along the probe body when this probe is lowered into the well, these arms being deployed hydraulically by electrical remote control from the surface , via cables 17 and 13.
  • the arms 18 and 19 are then anchored in the wall of the well and press the probe 2 against this wall on the diametrically opposite side.
  • These arms may be connected to one or more pads applying against the wall of the well.
  • this probe could in particular include triaxial dynamic accelerometers, recording the components A x , A y and A z noise along three axes perpendicular to each other and pressure sensors measuring respectively the hydrostatic pressure prevailing in the well outside the probe and the pressure of application of the arms 18 and 19 against the wall.
  • This probe may also include sensors determining in a known manner its inclination to the vertical (static accelerometers or inclinometers) and the orientation of a reference generator of this probe ("tool face") relative to the direction of magnetic north ( triaxial magnetometers, or compass).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the first step in which the fixing of the packer 7 to the lower end of the casing 6 is firstly carried out on the surface.
  • the support 9 provided with the centering guide 8 is then introduced into the latter, arranged vertically. , by passing the electrical cable 13 previously connected to the support 9 through the packer 7.
  • the probe (or intervention tool) 2 is then fixed under the packer 7, at the lower end of the cable 13, and is thus suspended under the casing 6.
  • the assembly is then gradually lowered into the well 1 from the drilling tower 23, by adding successive casing elements 6 until the probe 2 reaches the desired depth, substantially at the level of the shoe 5 with regard to the Figure 2, the number of casing elements 6 connected end to end to know at all times the depth reached.
  • the packer 7 is anchored to the lower end of the casing 4 (Fig. 2).
  • the casing 6 is connected at its upper part to a pipe 24 for supplying pressurized hydraulic fluid and is provided at its top with a safety shutter or cable gland 25 in which the cable 17 supporting the assembly is made to slide formed by the load bar 16 and the female socket 15, until the latter comes to be connected to the male plug 14 fixed on the support 9 which supports the probe, the centering guide 8 ensuring guidance of the assembly 15-16 to facilitate this connection (Fig. 3).
  • Interlocking or mechanical connection members 15a and 8a are respectively adapted to the socket 15 and to the internal wall of the guide 8, these members being adapted to be released under the action of a command from the surface.
  • the cable 17 is unwound from the surface from a winch 26. Between the winch 26 and the shutter 25, the cable 17 passes over the return pulleys 27 and 28.
  • the opening of the articulated arms 18 and 19 is remote controlled from the station 29 by means of the cables 17 and 13.
  • the ends of these arms are anchored in the wall of the well 1, by pressing the probe 2 against the portion of wall diametrically opposite to these arms (Fig. 5).
  • a distance between stops of 50 cm may be sufficient to mechanically decouple the probe from its support.
  • the stroke of the support 9 inside the body 8a may be several meters.
  • the remote control signals of the probe 2 from the surface, as well as the measurement signals coming from the probe 2 and the electric current supplying it, are respectively transmitted from, and to the surface station 29 via the conductors incorporated in cables 13 and 17, the electrical connection between these conductors and the station 29 being produced in a known manner by a set of brushes rubbing on slip rings integral with the shaft of the winch 26.
  • the hydraulic fracturing of the formations located under the packer 7 can be carried out by pumping hydraulic fluid under pressure through the pipe 24 located on the surface.
  • the traction cable 17 is separated from the support 9 by producing the unlocking of the dogs from the surface, then the female electrical socket 15 is disconnected from the male plug 14. It is then possible to reassemble by means of the cable 17 the assembly constituted by the socket female 15 and the load bar 16 surmounting this socket.
  • the probe remains suspended under the casing 6 by the connecting cable 13.
  • the casing 6 can then in turn be gradually withdrawn from the well, the elements of this casing being successively disconnected at the surface.
  • sealing member 7 in a non-cased area of the well which will be isolated from the rest of the well by the use of a sealing member completely sealing the well at a level below that of the instrument or probe, in its low position.
  • the casing 4 descends under the total sealing member defined above.
  • the casing 4 is perforated in a conventional manner, in order to allow the injected hydraulic fluid to flow through the formations located at this level.
  • the support 9 must be adapted to cooperate with the body 8a to ensure a seal and prevent any flow of fluid from the fracturing coming from said fracturing zone towards said zone where the measurements or / and interventions are carried out.
  • the support does not have channels 9b, or at least the support is adapted so that the fluid contained in the casing does not escape through these channels.
  • a valve preventing this circulation of fluids could also be used.
  • a lining placed between the support 9 and the shoulder 12 secured to the support or the body 8a makes it possible to complete this seal.
  • the means for securing the load bar 16 to the support 9 are of a type requiring that the support 9 or the centering guide 8 be in contact with the shoulder 11 to allow the load bar to be detached support.
  • the separation is effected by shearing of a mechanical part, it is possible to use a device damping the support during at least the end of its fall towards the low stop 12.
  • a hydraulic type shock absorber may consist of two jackets, one of which is secured to the support 9 and cooperates with another 31 secured to the body 6a to define a chamber whose volume of fluid decreases when the support approaches the second position. evacuated by nozzles calibrated for this purpose.
  • the device comprises a spring or any other return means making it possible to assign the support to the first position by default, when the probe is held by the support and the load bar not yet anchored. Then, under the effect of the (apparent) weight of the load bar, the spring compresses until the support reaches the second position.
  • This device is particularly applicable to sets of instruments, which must be placed inside a casing during descent in order to be protected, the first position corresponding to the probe located in the casing, the second position to the probe leaving the housing and decoupled from the casing.

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

System for displacing a set of instruments for taking measurements and/or carrying out interventions in a well, the system being remote controllable from the surface between two positions. The invention also relates to a method for taking measurements and/or intervening by using said system. The system, according to the invention, is particularly characterized in that it comprises a body (6a) inside which there is arranged a support (9), said body cooperating with said support to provide for a displacement of the support relative to said body, said support having its displacement stroke limited by means of two stops (11, 12) which are integral with said body, said support being mechanically connected to said set of instruments (2) by means of a connection shaft (13), said system being deprived of reversible locking means. The method according to the invention is particularly characterized, through displacements of the support and bringing the assembly to a standstill, the tension of the connection shaft (13) is released. The invention applies particularly to measurements and/or interventions that are carried out in ground drilling, during a hydraulic fracturation operation.

Description

La présente invention concerne une méthode et un système permettant d'effectuer des mesures ou/et interventions dans un puits au niveau des formations environnantes, et plus particulièrement des mesures de bruits ou de vibrations pour lesquelles les instruments doivent être mécaniquement découplés du tubage par lequel se transmettent des ondes mécaniques, notamment depuis la surface.The present invention relates to a method and a system making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well at the level of the surrounding formations, and more particularly measurements of noise or vibrations for which the instruments must be mechanically decoupled from the casing by which mechanical waves are transmitted, especially from the surface.

Les mesures effectuées peuvent, par exemple, comprendre l'enregistrement triaxial des bruits produits par les roches ainsi mises sous contrainte. L'analyse des vibrations décelées permet de définir l'orientation de la source de bruit et par suite la direction de propagation de la fracture. Cette technique d'analyse est bien connue des géophysiciens et ne sera pas décrite ici plus en détail.The measurements carried out can, for example, include the triaxial recording of the noises produced by the rocks thus put under stress. The analysis of the detected vibrations makes it possible to define the orientation of the noise source and consequently the direction of propagation of the fracture. This analysis technique is well known to geophysicists and will not be described here in more detail.

L'invention est notamment applicable lorsqu'il s'agit d'effectuer des mesures, telles des mesures de vibrations, au niveau de formations géologiques d'un puits situées dans une zone, ou proches d'une zone de ce puits ou d'un autre puits où l'on pratique une fracturation hydraulique.The invention is particularly applicable when it is a question of making measurements, such as vibration measurements, at the level of geological formations of a well located in an area, or close to an area of this well or another well where hydraulic fracturing is practiced.

Les mesures effectuées pourront également comporter l'enregistrement de la pression et de la température de fond, la mesure (focalisée ou non) de la résistivité électrique des formations, etc.The measurements carried out may also include recording the pressure and the background temperature, the measurement (focused or not) of the electrical resistivity of the formations, etc.

Ces mesures pourront être complétées par la visualisation des parois du puits par caméra de télévision, par exemple.These measurements may be supplemented by viewing the walls of the well by television camera, for example.

L'un des objets de l'invention est de fournir un dispositif permettant de déplacer un instrument de mesure ou d'intervention dans une zone de puits.One of the objects of the invention is to provide a device making it possible to move a measuring or intervention instrument in a well area.

On connait déjà par les brevets français FR-2.544.013, 2.564.894, 2.573.472 des méthodes et des dispositifs permettant d'effectuer des mesures ou/et interventions dans un puits, dont une zone est soumise à une compression hydraulique, mais les dispositifs et les méthodes antérieurement proposés montrent à l'usage certains inconvénients tels l'imprécision de manoeuvre du support de l'ensemble, donc des instruments, les risques de blocage du support dans le tubage notamment à cause de la rainure en W, les désacouplements involontaires entre le câble de transmission et le support en cours de manoeuvre.French patents FR-2,544,013, 2,564,894, 2,573,472 already know methods and devices making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well, an area of which is subjected to hydraulic compression, but the devices and methods previously proposed show certain drawbacks in use such as the imprecision in maneuvering the support of the assembly, therefore of the instruments, the risks of blocking of the support in the casing, in particular because of the W-groove, the involuntary uncoupling between the transmission cable and the support during operation.

Ces inconvénients sont supprimés, ou tout au moins très sensiblement atténués, par l'utilisation du système de déplacement d'un ensemble d'instruments de mesure ou/et intervention dans un puits selon l'invention, ainsi que de la méthode s'y afférent.These drawbacks are eliminated, or at least very substantially attenuated, by the use of the system for moving a set of measuring instruments and / or intervention in a well according to the invention, as well as the method therein. related.

Ce système manoeuvrable à distance depuis la surface entre une première position et une deuxième position distincte de la première comporte notamment un corps à l'intérieur duquel est placé un support, le corps coopérant avec le support pour assurer un déplacement du support relativement au corps, et ayant une butée basse du corps, le support étant mécaniquement relié audit ensemble d'instruments par un arbre de liaison, le système étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une autre butée délimitant ensemble avec la butée en position basse la course dudit support et en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de déplacement du support par rapport au corps et que ce système est dépourvu de moyens de verrouillage réversibles.This system which can be operated remotely from the surface between a first position and a second position distinct from the first comprises in particular a body inside which a support is placed, the body cooperating with the support to ensure movement of the support relative to the body, and having a lower stop of the body, the support being mechanically connected to said set of instruments by a connecting shaft, the system being characterized in that it comprises another stop delimiting together with the stop in the low position the stroke of said support and in that it comprises means for moving the support relative to the body and that this system is devoid of reversible locking means.

Le système pourra comporter des moyens hydrauliques permettant le déplacement du support relativement au corps par un pompage de fluide.The system may include hydraulic means allowing the support to move relative to the body by pumping fluid.

L'intérieur du corps pourra avoir une forme cylindrique.The interior of the body may have a cylindrical shape.

Le corps pourra être réalisé dans un tube comportant un dégagement tubulaire, les dimensions du dégagement étant supérieures aux dimensions du tube.The body may be produced in a tube comprising a tubular clearance, the dimensions of the clearance being greater than the dimensions of the tube.

Le système pourra comporter des moyens de rappel, tels un ressort, permettant d'attribuer par défaut au support l'une ou l'autre des positions définies ci-dessus.The system may include return means, such as a spring, making it possible to assign by default to the support one or the other of the positions defined above.

Lorsque le système comporte un câble relié à la surface dont l'une des extrémités est fixée à une barre de charge et comporte des moyens de déplacement du câble de traction, le support pourra comporter un guide de centrage de la barre et des moyens adaptés à solidariser la barre du support, ces moyens de solidarisation pouvant s'effacer, c'est-à-dire étant effaçables.When the system comprises a cable connected to the surface, one end of which is fixed to a load bar and comprises means for moving the traction cable, the support may include a guide for centering the bar and means suitable for securing the support bar, these securing means being able to be erased, that is to say being erasable.

Lorsque l'ensemble est électriquement relié à la surface, le dispositif pourra comporter un câble électrique de transmission relié à la surface dont l'une des extrémités comporte une fiche de raccordement enfichable en milieu liquide, adaptée à coopérer avec une prise complémentaire solidaire du support, la prise complémentaire étant reliée audit ensemble par un câble électrique de liaison.When the assembly is electrically connected to the surface, the device may include an electrical transmission cable connected to the surface, one end of which has a plug-in connection plug in a liquid medium, adapted to cooperate with a complementary socket secured to the support. , the complementary socket being connected to said assembly by an electrical connection cable.

Les moyens de solidarisation pourront comporter un organe moteur et un organe récepteur coopérant avec l'organe moteur, l'organe moteur étant solidaire de la barre de charge et étant actionné depuis la surface au moyen d'une ligne de commande.The securing means may include a drive member and a receiving member cooperating with the drive member, the drive member being integral with the load bar and being actuated from the surface by means of a control line.

Les moyens de solidarisation pourront comporter une pièce mécanique cisaillable et adaptés à désolidariser les moyens de traction depuis la surface par le câble, le support étant en appui sur la deuxième butée limitant la course dudit support en position haute.The securing means may comprise a shearable mechanical part and adapted to dissociate the traction means from the surface by the cable, the support being in abutment on the second stop limiting the travel of said support in the high position.

Le système pourra comporter des moyens destructifs de verrouillage support dans la première position, les moyens étant effacés pour permettre la mesure ou l'intervention de l'ensemble.The system may include destructive support locking means in the first position, the means being erased to allow measurement or intervention of the assembly.

Lorsque l'on isole hydrauliquement une première zone dans laquelle se trouve ledit ensemble d'une zone extérieure à cette première zone, le support pourra être adapté à coopérer avec le corps pour réaliser une étanchéité et empêcher tout écoulement de fluide dans un sens ou/et dans l'autre sens entre la première zone et la zone extérieure.When a first zone in which said assembly is located is hydraulically isolated from a zone external to this first zone, the support may be adapted to cooperate with the body in order to provide a seal and prevent any flow of fluid in one direction or / and in the other direction between the first zone and the external zone.

Le système pourra comporter des moyens permettant d'amortir les déplacements du support au voisinage des butées.The system may include means making it possible to dampen the movements of the support in the vicinity of the stops.

L'invention fournit également une méthode de mise en oeuvre du dispositif selon l'invention comportant en combinaison les étapes suivantes :

  • a) on descend l'ensemble d'instrument dans le puits alors qu'il est suspendu audit support et que ledit support est en appui sur ladite butée en position basse,
  • b) on utilise un câble de traction (17), des moyens de connexion dudit câble de traction (17), et dudit arbre (13) pour manoeuvrer ledit ensemble,
  • c) on exerce une traction depuis la surface sur ledit câble de traction (17) de manière à déplacer ledit support d'une course au plus égale à la course délimitée par lesdites deux butées, ledit arbre (13) étant tendu, puis on immobilise ledit ensemble d'instruments (2) relativement à la paroi du puits (1) tout en maintenant ladite traction, et on relâche ladite tension dudit arbre (13) en déplaçant ledit support (9) vers ladite butée basse avant d'effectuer la mesure ou/et intervention.
The invention also provides a method of implementing the device according to the invention comprising in combination the following steps:
  • a) the instrument assembly is lowered into the well while it is suspended from said support and said support is in abutment on said stop in the low position,
  • b) a traction cable (17), means for connecting said traction cable (17), and said shaft (13) are used to maneuver said assembly,
  • c) a traction is exerted from the surface on said traction cable (17) so as to move said support by a stroke at most equal to the stroke delimited by said two stops, said shaft (13) being tensioned, then immobilized said set of instruments (2) relative to the wall of the well (1) while maintaining said traction, and said tension of said shaft (13) is released by moving said support (9) towards said bottom stop before making the measurement or / and intervention.

Lorsque la méthode est employée pour un puits dont au moins une zone est soumise à une compression hydraulique, on pourra délimiter la zone de compression au moyen d'au moins un organe annulaire d'étanchéité expansible placé entre le tubage et la paroi et selon que l'ensemble n'est pas ou est situé dans ladite zone, on isole ou pas la zone dans laquelle se trouve l'ensemble d'instruments de la zone soumise à compression.When the method is used for a well of which at least one zone is subjected to hydraulic compression, the compression zone can be delimited by means of at least one expandable annular sealing member placed between the casing and the wall and depending on whether the set is not or is located in said zone, the zone in which the set of instruments is located is isolated or not isolated compression.

D'autres buts et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description d'un exemple plus particulièrement appliqué aux mesure ou/et intervention dans un puits dont une zone est soumise à une compression hydraulique, cet exemple étant donné à titre illustratif mais non limitatif et se référant aux dessins annexés où :

  • la figure 1 montre en détail un mode de réalisation d'un système selon l'invention,
  • les figures 2 à 5 illustrent les différentes phases de la mise en oeuvre d'un exemple de réalisation du système selon l'invention appliqué à des opérations de fracturation hydraulique :
    • . la figure 2 schématise la phase de descente dans le puits de l'ensemble d'instruments et du système selon l'invention,
    • . la figure 3 schématise, sensiblement dans la position de mesure ou/et intervention de l'ensemble, la phase de connexion et d'ancrage au support du câble de transmission,
    • . la figure 4 schématise la phase de levage de l'ensemble juste avant ancrage de celui-ci au puits,
    • . la figure 5 schématise la phase de relâchement du câble de liaison situé entre l'ensemble et le support selon l'invention.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the description of an example more particularly applied to measurement or / and intervention in a well, an area of which is subjected to hydraulic compression, this example being given by way of illustration but not limiting and referring to the attached drawings where:
  • FIG. 1 shows in detail an embodiment of a system according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 illustrate the different phases of the implementation of an exemplary embodiment of the system according to the invention applied to hydraulic fracturing operations:
    • . FIG. 2 diagrams the descent phase into the well of the set of instruments and of the system according to the invention,
    • . FIG. 3 shows schematically, substantially in the measurement or / and intervention position of the assembly, the phase of connection and anchoring to the support of the transmission cable,
    • . FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically the lifting phase of the assembly just before anchoring it to the well,
    • . Figure 5 shows schematically the release phase of the connecting cable located between the assembly and the support according to the invention.

Sur la figure 1, qui représente un mode de réalisation d'un système selon l'invention, la référence 6 représente le tubage, placé à l'intérieur d'un puits, qui comprend le système permettant le déplacement d'un ensemble comportant un ou plusieurs instruments de mesure ou/et d'intervention. Ce système comporte un support 9 auquel est suspendu par un arbre de liaison, tel un arbre souple flexible, ou un câble 13 un ensemble d'instrumentation (non représenté) et un corps 6a solidaire du tubage 6 à l'intérieur duquel coulisse le support guidé 9 de l'ensemble d'instruments.In FIG. 1, which represents an embodiment of a system according to the invention, the reference 6 represents the casing, placed inside a well, which comprises the system allowing the displacement of an assembly comprising a or several measuring or intervention instruments. This system comprises a support 9 to which is suspended by a connecting shaft, such as a flexible flexible shaft, or a cable 13, an instrumentation assembly (not shown) and a body 6a integral with the casing 6 inside which the guided support 9 of the instrument assembly slides.

La course de déplacement de ce support 9 relativement au corps 6a est limitée au moyen d'une butée haute 11 et d'une butée basse 12.The displacement travel of this support 9 relative to the body 6a is limited by means of an upper stop 11 and a lower stop 12.

Le support 9, ainsi que les épaulements internes 11 et 12, présente des évidements ou alésages permettant à un fluide hydraulique de s'écouler tout au long du tubage 6, autour du guide de centrage 8, dans les deux positions de la sonde 2.The support 9, as well as the internal shoulders 11 and 12, has recesses or bores allowing a hydraulic fluid to flow throughout the casing 6, around the centering guide 8, in the two positions of the probe 2.

Ce guide de centrage 8 pourra comporter un support tubulaire comme illustré dans les figures.This centering guide 8 may include a tubular support as illustrated in the figures.

Le support 9, comme tous les éléments qui lui sont solidaires, tels le guide de centrage 8, pourra coopérer avec le corps 6a pour venir en contact avec les butèes 11 et 12.The support 9, like all the elements which are integral with it, such as the centering guide 8, can cooperate with the body 6a to come into contact with the stops 11 and 12.

Par convention, au cours de la présente description, de manière nullement limitative, on considérera que le support est dans une première position lorsqu'il est en contact avec la butée haute 11 et qu'il est dans une seconde position lorsqu'il est en contact avec la butée basse 12.By convention, during the present description, in no way limiting, it will be considered that the support is in a first position when it is in contact with the high stop 11 and that it is in a second position when it is in contact with the bottom stop 12.

La forme intérieure du corps 6a comme celle extérieur du support 9 est avantageusement cylindrique, mais on pourra utiliser toute sorte d'autres formes permettant au support 9 de coulisser dans le corps 6a placé dans le tubage 6.The internal shape of the body 6a like that outside of the support 9 is advantageously cylindrical, but any other shape can be used allowing the support 9 to slide in the body 6a placed in the casing 6.

La commande du déplacement du support peut être effectuée depuis la surface par un câble de traction 17.The movement of the support can be controlled from the surface by a traction cable 17.

Etant donné que, lorsque le montage d'un tubage est réalisé au moyen d'éléments de conduite, le câble de traction 17 qui passe à l'intérieur du tubage ne peut être mis en place que bien après que le système de déplacement ait été descendu dans le puits, de ce fait, la liaison mécanique permettant d'arrimer le câble au support doit être démontable. Ainsi, le câble 17 est pourvu à son extrémité inférieure d'une barre de charge ou de lestage 16, permettant la descente du câble 17 dans le tubage 6.Since, when the fitting of a casing is carried out by means pipe elements, the traction cable 17 which passes inside the casing can only be put in place long after the displacement system has been lowered into the well, therefore, the mechanical connection allowing securing the cable to the support must be removable. Thus, the cable 17 is provided at its lower end with a load or ballasting bar 16, allowing the cable 17 to descend into the casing 6.

Au voisinage du support 9, la barre 16 est centrée par un guide 8 qui peut être, comme présenté ici, mais non nécessairement, solidaire du support 9.In the vicinity of the support 9, the bar 16 is centered by a guide 8 which may, as shown here, but not necessarily, be integral with the support 9.

Une fois la barre de charge 16 centrée dans le guide 8, elle est solidarisée du support au moyen de tout dispositif adapté, tels des chiens de verrouillage 15a solidaires de la barre 16 et coopérant avec des encoches 8a, situées dans le support 9, ou dans le guide de centrage 8, lorsque celui-ci est solidaire du support.Once the load bar 16 centered in the guide 8, it is secured to the support by means of any suitable device, such as locking dogs 15a secured to the bar 16 and cooperating with notches 8a, located in the support 9, or in the centering guide 8, when the latter is secured to the support.

Les moyens de solidarisation, qui sont effaçables, comportent un organe moteur, de préférence solidaire de la barre de charge pour être commandés le plus directement et simplement possible à distance, et un organe récepteur, de préférence solidaire du support 9, adapté à coopérer avec l'organe moteur pour assurer la solidarisation.The securing means, which are erasable, comprise a motor member, preferably integral with the load bar to be controlled as directly and simply as possible from a distance, and a receiving member, preferably integral with the support 9, adapted to cooperate with the drive member to secure the connection.

L'organe moteur, tels des chiens de verrouillage électriques ou électrohydrauliques est commandé depuis la surface par une ligne électrique associée au câble de traction 17. Une fois le câble solidarisé du support, il est possible de le placer par traction dans la première position. Le retour du support dans la deuxième position s'effectue grâce à l'action sur le support des forces gravitationnelles ou des forces hydrauliques produites par une circulation de fluide suffisante.The drive member, such as electric or electro-hydraulic locking dogs, is controlled from the surface by an electric line associated with the traction cable 17. Once the cable is secured to the support, it is possible to place it by traction in the first position. The return of the support to the second position is effected by the action on the support of the gravitational forces or of the hydraulic forces produced by a sufficient circulation of fluid.

Le support 9 et la partie évasée du guide de centrage 8 sont pourvus de canaux respectivement 9b et 8b, convenablement dimensionnés, permettant le passage du fluide de forage, notamment en vue de produire une fracturation hydraulique dans une zone placée sous le niveau du support.The support 9 and the flared part of the centering guide 8 are provided channels 9b and 8b respectively, suitably sized, allowing the passage of drilling fluid, in particular with a view to producing hydraulic fracturing in an area placed below the level of the support.

L'amarrage du câble 17 au support 9 offre tout son intérêt lorsque l'on veut connecter l'ensemble d'instruments à la surface. Pour y parvenir, le câble 13 peut être pourvu de lignes d'alimentation et/ou de lignes de transmission de mesures, telles des lignes conductrices d'électricité, reliées à une fiche de connexion mâle 14 solidaire du support 9 et coopérant avec une prise femelle complémentaire 15 placée sur la barre de charge 16, laquelle prise 15 est reliée à la surface par des lignes de transmission associées au câble de traction 17.The mooring of the cable 17 to the support 9 is of great interest when one wants to connect the set of instruments to the surface. To achieve this, the cable 13 can be provided with power supply lines and / or measurement transmission lines, such as electrically conductive lines, connected to a male connection plug 14 secured to the support 9 and cooperating with a socket. complementary female 15 placed on the load bar 16, which socket 15 is connected to the surface by transmission lines associated with the traction cable 17.

Des exemples de connecteurs éléctriques utilisables pour constituer l'ensemble de la fiche mâle 14 et de la prise femelle 15 sont décrits dans le brevet US-4.500.155.Examples of electrical connectors which can be used to constitute the assembly of the male plug 14 and the female socket 15 are described in US Pat. No. 4,500,155.

La fiche 14 et la prise 15 sont placées dans l'axe du support et sont connectées lors de la solidarisation au support 9 du câble de traction 17 pourvu de la barre de charge 16.The plug 14 and the socket 15 are placed in the axis of the support and are connected during attachment to the support 9 of the traction cable 17 provided with the load bar 16.

Lorsque le support 9 comporte des moyens hydrauliques adaptés au pompage du support, tels des étanchéités ou des restrictions de passage d'eau, on pourra par un pompage de fluide soit dans le tubage, soit dans la zone annulaire, amener le support 9 dans l'une et l'autre des positions, sans avoir recours à un câble de traction.When the support 9 comprises hydraulic means suitable for pumping the support, such as sealing or water passage restrictions, it is possible, by pumping fluid either in the casing or in the annular zone, to bring the support 9 into the 'one and the other of the positions, without resorting to a traction cable.

De la même manière, l'extrémité libre du câble devant être connectée au support pourra être pourvue d'un bouchon moteur, permettant au moyen de pompage de fluide de déplacer l'extrémité libre du câble.In the same way, the free end of the cable to be connected to the support may be provided with a motor plug, allowing the fluid pumping means to move the free end of the cable.

La figure 2 schématise la phase de descente dans le puits de l'ensemble d'instruments et du système de déplacement de cet ensemble placé à l'extrémité inférieure d'un tubage.Figure 2 shows schematically the phase of descent into the well of the set of instruments and the movement system of this set placed at the lower end of a casing.

Le puits 1 est équipé sur une certaine longueur d'un cuvelage 4 terminé par le sabot 5 à sa partie inférieure.The well 1 is equipped over a certain length with a casing 4 terminated by the shoe 5 at its lower part.

On considère dans ce qui suit, à titre d'exemple, que l'ensemble d'instruments 2 comporte une sonde de diagraphie, mais il pourrait également comporter une caméra de télévision, ou un instrument d'intervention tel que, par exemple, un outil de perforation, etc.It is considered in what follows, by way of example, that the set of instruments 2 comprises a logging probe, but it could also include a television camera, or an intervention instrument such as, for example, a punching tool, etc.

Un organe d'étanchéité annulaire 7, expansible radialement, pouvant être d'un type classique (packer) est placé à l'extrémité inférieure du tubage 6.An annular sealing member 7, radially expandable, which may be of a conventional type (packer) is placed at the lower end of the casing 6.

L'expansion radiale de cet organe est par exemple obtenue par déplacement axial du tubage 6, provoquant l'écartement de coins d'ancrage du packer. On pourra aussi utiliser un packer à ancrage hydraulique d'un type connu, par exemple le modèle AD1 proposé par la Société BAKER OIL TOOLS.The radial expansion of this member is for example obtained by axial displacement of the casing 6, causing the spacing of the packer anchoring corners. We can also use a packer with hydraulic anchoring of a known type, for example the AD1 model offered by the company BAKER OIL TOOLS.

Dans sa position d'expansion, cet organe 7 est pressé contre la paroi du cuvelage 4. Le support 9, surmonté d'un guide de centrage 8, est logé dans le tubage 6.In its expansion position, this member 7 is pressed against the wall of the casing 4. The support 9, surmounted by a centering guide 8, is housed in the casing 6.

La sonde 2 est reliée au support 9 par une liaison souple, c'est-à-dire de raideur négligeable qui, dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré, est formée d'un câble-support 13 traversant un passage axial 7a de l'organe 7.The probe 2 is connected to the support 9 by a flexible connection, that is to say of negligible stiffness which, in the illustrated embodiment, is formed by a support cable 13 passing through an axial passage 7a of the organ 7.

Le câble 13 contient des conducteurs électriques d'alimentation et de transmission des mesures qui relient électriquement la sonde 2 à une fiche électrique mâle 14, multi-contact, disposée sur le support 9. Cette fiche mâle est adaptée à recevoir une prise femelle complémentaire 15 surmontée d'une barre de charge ou de lestage 16.The cable 13 contains electrical conductors for supplying and transmitting the measurements which electrically connect the probe 2 to a male electrical plug 14, multi-contact, disposed on the support 9. This male plug is suitable for receiving a complementary female socket 15 surmounted by a load or ballast bar 16.

La sonde 2 pourra, par exemple, être de type connu et comporter des bras d'ancrage articulés 18, 19 repliés le long du corps de sonde lorsque cette sonde est descendue dans le puits, ces bras étant déployés hydrauliquement par télécommande électrique depuis la surface, par l'intermédiaire des câbles 17 et 13. Lorsque l'on veut placer la sonde 2 dans sa position de travail représentée sur la figure 5, les bras 18 et 19 s'ancrent alors dans la paroi du puits et pressent la sonde 2 contre cette paroi du côté diamétralement opposé. Ces bras pourront être reliés à un ou plusieurs patins s'appliquant contre la paroi du puits.The probe 2 could, for example, be of known type and include articulated anchoring arms 18, 19 folded along the probe body when this probe is lowered into the well, these arms being deployed hydraulically by electrical remote control from the surface , via cables 17 and 13. When you want to place the probe 2 in its working position shown in Figure 5, the arms 18 and 19 are then anchored in the wall of the well and press the probe 2 against this wall on the diametrically opposite side. These arms may be connected to one or more pads applying against the wall of the well.

Dans un exemple d'application où la sonde 2 est utilisée pour détecter et enregistrer des signaux acoustiques produits par des formations géologiques fissurées par fracturation hydraulique, cette sonde pourra notamment comporter des accéléromètres dynamiques triaxiaux, enregistrant les composantes Ax, Ay et Az du bruit suivant trois axes perpendiculaires entre eux et des capteurs de pression mesurant respectivement la pression hydrostatique régnant dans le puits à l'extérieur de la sonde et la pression d'application des bras 18 et 19 contre la paroi.In an example of application where the probe 2 is used to detect and record acoustic signals produced by geological formations cracked by hydraulic fracturing, this probe could in particular include triaxial dynamic accelerometers, recording the components A x , A y and A z noise along three axes perpendicular to each other and pressure sensors measuring respectively the hydrostatic pressure prevailing in the well outside the probe and the pressure of application of the arms 18 and 19 against the wall.

Cette sonde pourra également comporter des capteurs déterminant de façon connue son inclination sur la verticale (acccélérométres statiques ou inclinomètres) et l'orientation d'une génératrice-repère de cette sonde ("tool face") par rapport à la direction du nord magnétique (magnétomètres triaxiaux, ou boussole).This probe may also include sensors determining in a known manner its inclination to the vertical (static accelerometers or inclinometers) and the orientation of a reference generator of this probe ("tool face") relative to the direction of magnetic north ( triaxial magnetometers, or compass).

La figure 2 illustre la première étape dans laquelle on réalise tout d'abord en surface la fixation du packer 7 à l'extrémité inférieure du tubage 6. On introduit alors dans ce dernier, disposé verticalement, le support 9 muni du guide de centrage 8, en faisant passer à travers le packer 7 le câble électrique 13 préalablement connecté au support 9.FIG. 2 illustrates the first step in which the fixing of the packer 7 to the lower end of the casing 6 is firstly carried out on the surface. The support 9 provided with the centering guide 8 is then introduced into the latter, arranged vertically. , by passing the electrical cable 13 previously connected to the support 9 through the packer 7.

La sonde (ou outil d'intervention) 2 est alors fixée sous le packer 7, à l'extrémité inférieure du câble 13, et se trouve ainsi suspendue sous le tubage 6.The probe (or intervention tool) 2 is then fixed under the packer 7, at the lower end of the cable 13, and is thus suspended under the casing 6.

L'ensemble est alors progressivement descendu dans le puits 1 depuis la tour de forage 23, en ajoutant des éléments de tubage successifs 6 jusqu'à ce que la sonde 2 atteigne la profondeur désirée, sensiblement au niveau du sabot 5 en ce qui concerne la figure 2, le nombre d'éléments de tubage 6 connectés bout à bout permettant de connaître à tout instant la profondeur atteinte. Lorsque cette position est atteinte, le packer 7 est ancré à l'extrémité inférieure du tubage 4 (Fig. 2).The assembly is then gradually lowered into the well 1 from the drilling tower 23, by adding successive casing elements 6 until the probe 2 reaches the desired depth, substantially at the level of the shoe 5 with regard to the Figure 2, the number of casing elements 6 connected end to end to know at all times the depth reached. When this position is reached, the packer 7 is anchored to the lower end of the casing 4 (Fig. 2).

Le tubage 6 est relié à sa partie supérieure à une canalisation 24 d'alimentation en fluide hydraulique sous pression et est muni à son sommet d'un obturateur de sécurité ou presse-étoupe 25 dans lequel on fait coulisser le câble 17 soutenant l'ensemble formé par la barre de charge 16 et la prise femelle 15, jusqu'à ce que cette dernière vienne se raccorder à la fiche mâle 14 fixée sur le support 9 qui supporte la sonde, le guide de centrage 8 assurant un guidage de l'ensemble 15-16 pour faciliter ce raccordement (Fig. 3).The casing 6 is connected at its upper part to a pipe 24 for supplying pressurized hydraulic fluid and is provided at its top with a safety shutter or cable gland 25 in which the cable 17 supporting the assembly is made to slide formed by the load bar 16 and the female socket 15, until the latter comes to be connected to the male plug 14 fixed on the support 9 which supports the probe, the centering guide 8 ensuring guidance of the assembly 15-16 to facilitate this connection (Fig. 3).

Des organes d'enclenchement ou de liaison mécanique 15a et 8a sont respectivement adaptés à la prise 15 et à la paroi interne du guide 8, ces organes étant adaptés à être dégagés sous l'action d'une commande depuis la surface.Interlocking or mechanical connection members 15a and 8a are respectively adapted to the socket 15 and to the internal wall of the guide 8, these members being adapted to be released under the action of a command from the surface.

Le câble 17 est déroulé depuis la'surface à partir d'un treuil 26. Entre le treuil 26 et l'obturateur 25, le câble 17 passe sur les poulies de renvoi 27 et 28.The cable 17 is unwound from the surface from a winch 26. Between the winch 26 and the shutter 25, the cable 17 passes over the return pulleys 27 and 28.

Lorsque l'opération de connexion électrique de la prise 15 à la fiche 14, ainsi que la liaison mécanique entre la barre 16 et le support 9 sont réalisées, une traction F exercée sur le câble 17 (Fig. 4) permet de relever le support qui passe alors en position haute ou première position correspondant à la figure 4.When the electrical connection operation of the socket 15 to the plug 14, as well as the mechanical connection between the bar 16 and the support 9 are carried out, a traction F exerted on the cable 17 (Fig. 4) allows to raise the support which then passes to the high position or first position corresponding to FIG. 4.

Dans cette position, on télécommande depuis la station 29 l'ouverture des bras articulés 18 et 19 par l'intermédiaire des câbles 17 et 13. Les extrémités de ces bras viennent s'ancrer dans la paroi du puits 1, en pressant la sonde 2 contre la portion de paroi diamétralement opposée à ces bras (Fig. 5).In this position, the opening of the articulated arms 18 and 19 is remote controlled from the station 29 by means of the cables 17 and 13. The ends of these arms are anchored in the wall of the well 1, by pressing the probe 2 against the portion of wall diametrically opposite to these arms (Fig. 5).

On relâche la traction exercée sur le câble 17 en surface et le support 9 retombe alors dans sa position basse ou deuxième position, sous l'effet de la gravité. Ceci a pour effet de donner un certain mou au câble 13 ainsi détendu (Fig. 5).The traction exerted on the cable 17 is released on the surface and the support 9 then falls back into its low position or second position, under the effect of gravity. This has the effect of giving some slack to the cable 13 thus relaxed (Fig. 5).

Sans que la valeur de la course limite l'utilisation du système selon l'invention, une distance entre butées de 50 cm peut être suffisante pour découpler mécaniquement la sonde de son support. Ainsi, par exemple, lorsque l'on voudra réaliser un découplage électrique entre l'ensemble 2 et le tubage 6, la course du support 9 à l'intérieur du corps 8a pourra être de plusieurs mètres.Without the value of the stroke limiting the use of the system according to the invention, a distance between stops of 50 cm may be sufficient to mechanically decouple the probe from its support. Thus, for example, when it is desired to carry out an electrical decoupling between the assembly 2 and the casing 6, the stroke of the support 9 inside the body 8a may be several meters.

Dans ces conditions, on peut désormais effectuer des mesures ou opérations au moyen de la sonde ou de l'instrument 2, sans transmettre à cette sonde ou instrument les vibrations du tubage 6.Under these conditions, it is now possible to carry out measurements or operations by means of the probe or of the instrument 2, without transmitting to this probe or instrument the vibrations of the casing 6.

Les signaux de télécommande de la sonde 2 depuis la surface, ainsi que les signaux de mesure provenant de la sonde 2 et le courant électrique alimentant celle-ci, sont respectivement transmis de, et à la station de surface 29 par l'intermédiaire des conducteurs incorporés aux câbles 13 et 17, la liaison électrique entre ces conducteurs et la station 29 étant réalisée de façon connue par un ensemble de balais frottant sur des bagues collectrices solidaires de l'arbre du treuil 26.The remote control signals of the probe 2 from the surface, as well as the measurement signals coming from the probe 2 and the electric current supplying it, are respectively transmitted from, and to the surface station 29 via the conductors incorporated in cables 13 and 17, the electrical connection between these conductors and the station 29 being produced in a known manner by a set of brushes rubbing on slip rings integral with the shaft of the winch 26.

La fracturation hydraulique des formations situées sous le packer 7 peut être réalisée par pompage de fluide hydraulique sous pression à travers la canalisation 24 située en surface.The hydraulic fracturing of the formations located under the packer 7 can be carried out by pumping hydraulic fluid under pressure through the pipe 24 located on the surface.

Lorsque les diverses opérations ou mesures sont terminées, on télécommande de la surface la fermeture des bras articulés 18 et 19.When the various operations or measurements are completed, the closure of the articulated arms 18 and 19 is remote controlled from the surface.

On désolidarise le câble de traction 17 du support 9 en produisant le déverrouillage des chiens depuis la surface, puis on déconnecte la prise électrique femelle 15 de la fiche mâle 14. On peut alors remonter au moyen du câble 17 l'ensemble constitué par la prise femelle 15 et la barre de charge 16 surmontant cette prise.The traction cable 17 is separated from the support 9 by producing the unlocking of the dogs from the surface, then the female electrical socket 15 is disconnected from the male plug 14. It is then possible to reassemble by means of the cable 17 the assembly constituted by the socket female 15 and the load bar 16 surmounting this socket.

La sonde reste suspendue sous le tubage 6 par le câble de liaison 13. Le tubage 6 peut alors être à son tour progressivement retiré du puits, les éléments de ce tubage étant successivement déconnectés en surface.The probe remains suspended under the casing 6 by the connecting cable 13. The casing 6 can then in turn be gradually withdrawn from the well, the elements of this casing being successively disconnected at the surface.

On ne sortirait cependant pas du cadre de l'invention en plaçant l'ensemble de l'équipement 8, 9 à un niveau inférieur à celui de l'organe d'étanchéité 7 dont le passage axial 7a serait alors traversé par le câble de transmission 17.It would not, however, depart from the scope of the invention to place all of the equipment 8, 9 at a level lower than that of the sealing member 7, the axial passage 7a of which would then be crossed by the transmission cable. 17.

Par ailleurs, d'autres modes de mise en oeuvre des équipements définis ci-dessus sont également envisageables.Furthermore, other modes of implementing the equipment defined above can also be envisaged.

Il sera, par exemple, possible de placer l'organe d'étanchéité 7 dans une zone non tubée du puits qui sera isolée du reste du puits par l'utilisation d'un organe d'étanchéité obturant totalement le puits à un niveau inférieur à celui de l'instrument ou sonde, dans sa position basse.It will, for example, be possible to place the sealing member 7 in a non-cased area of the well which will be isolated from the rest of the well by the use of a sealing member completely sealing the well at a level below that of the instrument or probe, in its low position.

Selon une variante de ce dernier mode de réalisation, le cuvelage 4 descend sous l'organe d'étanchéité totale défini ci-dessus. Dans la zone délimitée par les deux organes d'étanchéité, on perfore le cuvelage 4 de manière classique, afin de permettre au fluide hydraulique injecté de s'écouler à travers les formations situées à ce niveau.According to a variant of this latter embodiment, the casing 4 descends under the total sealing member defined above. In the zone delimited by the two sealing members, the casing 4 is perforated in a conventional manner, in order to allow the injected hydraulic fluid to flow through the formations located at this level.

Lorsque l'ensemble du dispositif est sous pression hydraulique, il est possible de déplacer l'instrument ou sonde 2 par simple traction sur le câble 17 depuis la surface, après avoir télécommandé la fermeture des bras 18 et 19.When the entire device is under hydraulic pressure, it is possible to move the instrument or probe 2 by simply pulling the cable 17 from the surface, after having remote-controlled the closure of the arms 18 and 19.

On pourra, en isolant une zone du puits par des organes d'étanchéité, y produire une fracturation, alors que dans une zone inférieure à celle de fracturation, on effectue des mesures et/ou interventions. Pour cela, le support 9 doit être adapté à coopérer avec le corps 8a pour assurer une étanchéité et empêcher tout écoulement de fluide de la fracturation provenant de ladite zone de fracturation vers ladite zone où sont effectuées les mesures ou/et interventions.It will be possible, by isolating an area of the well by sealing members, to produce a fracturing there, while in an area lower than that of fracturing, measurements and / or interventions are carried out. For this, the support 9 must be adapted to cooperate with the body 8a to ensure a seal and prevent any flow of fluid from the fracturing coming from said fracturing zone towards said zone where the measurements or / and interventions are carried out.

Pour réaliser cette étanchéité du support 9 contre l'épaulement 12, le support est dépourvu des canaux 9b, ou tout au moins le support est adapté pour que le fluide contenu dans le tubage ne s'en échappe par ces canaux. Un clapet empêchant cette circulation de fluides pourrait aussi être utilisé.To achieve this sealing of the support 9 against the shoulder 12, the support does not have channels 9b, or at least the support is adapted so that the fluid contained in the casing does not escape through these channels. A valve preventing this circulation of fluids could also be used.

En outre, une garniture placée entre le support 9 et l'épaulement 12 solidaire du support ou du corps 8a permet de compléter cette étanchéité.In addition, a lining placed between the support 9 and the shoulder 12 secured to the support or the body 8a makes it possible to complete this seal.

Lorsque l'usage d'un carter protecteur entourant la sonde 2 est nécessaire au cours de la descente de la sonde dans le puits, on pourra, pour maintenir la sonde dans le carter, verrouiller le support dans la première position par des moyens se détruisant sous l'action de forces agissant sur le support, tels des forces hydrauliques ou produites par le poids de la barre de charge. Le découplage entre la sonde et le tubage est effectué lorsque le support a atteint sa deuxième position alors que la sonde est sortie de son carter protecteur.When the use of a protective casing surrounding the probe 2 is necessary during the descent of the probe into the well, it will be possible, in order to maintain the probe in the casing, to lock the support in the first position by destroying means under the action of forces acting on the support, such as hydraulic forces or produced by the weight of the load bar. The decoupling between the probe and casing is carried out when the support has reached its second position while the probe has come out of its protective casing.

Lorsque les moyens de solidarisation de la barre de charge 16 sur le support 9 sont d'un type nécessitant que le support 9 ou le guide de centrage 8 soit en contact avec l'épaulement 11 pour permettre à la barre de charge d'être désolidarisée du support. Comme lorsque la désolidarisation s'effectue par cisaillement d'une pièce mécanique, on pourra employer un dispositif amortissant le support pendant au moins la fin de sa chute vers la butée basse 12.When the means for securing the load bar 16 to the support 9 are of a type requiring that the support 9 or the centering guide 8 be in contact with the shoulder 11 to allow the load bar to be detached support. As when the separation is effected by shearing of a mechanical part, it is possible to use a device damping the support during at least the end of its fall towards the low stop 12.

Un amortissseur du type hydraulique pourra être constitué de deux chemises dont l'une est solidaire du support 9 et coopère avec une autre 31 solidaire du corps 6a pour définir une chambre dont le volme de fluide diminuant lorsque le support se rapproche de la deuxième position est évacué par des ajutages calibrés à cet effet.A hydraulic type shock absorber may consist of two jackets, one of which is secured to the support 9 and cooperates with another 31 secured to the body 6a to define a chamber whose volume of fluid decreases when the support approaches the second position. evacuated by nozzles calibrated for this purpose.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention utilisée en position verticale ou légèrement inclinée, le dispositif comporte un ressort ou tout autre moyen de rappel permettant d'attribuer par défaut au support la première position, lorsque la sonde est maintenue par le support et la barre de charge non encore ancrée. Ensuite, sous l'effet du poids (apparent) de la barre de charge, le ressort se comprime jusqu'à ce que le support atteigne la deuxième position.According to another embodiment of the invention used in a vertical or slightly inclined position, the device comprises a spring or any other return means making it possible to assign the support to the first position by default, when the probe is held by the support and the load bar not yet anchored. Then, under the effect of the (apparent) weight of the load bar, the spring compresses until the support reaches the second position.

Ce dispositif est notamment applicable aux ensembles d'instruments, devant, lors de la descente, être placés à l'intérieur d'un carter afin d'y être protégés, la première position correspondant à la sonde située dans le carter, la deuxième position à la sonde sortie du carter et découplée du tubage.This device is particularly applicable to sets of instruments, which must be placed inside a casing during descent in order to be protected, the first position corresponding to the probe located in the casing, the second position to the probe leaving the housing and decoupled from the casing.

Claims (14)

1. System for moving a set of measuring and/or troubleshooting instruments in a well, manoeuvrable remotely from the surface between a first position and a second position distinct from the first one, comprising a body (6a) inside which a support (9) is placed, the said body interacting with the said support so as to ensure movement of the support relative to the said body, and having a stop at the bottom position of the body, the said support being mechanically connected to the said set of instruments by a connecting shaft (13), characterised in that the said body incorporates another stop, the said stop and the said stop at the bottom position defining together the travel of the said support and in that it incorporates means of moving the said support (9) with respect to the said body and in that this system is without any reversible locking means.
2. System according to claim 1, characterised in that it includes hydraulic means enabling the said support to be moved relative to the said body by pumping fluid.
3. System according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the inside of the said body has a cylindrical shape.
4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the said body is formed in a tube comprising a tubular free space, the dimensions of the said free space being greater than the dimensions of the tube.
5. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that it includes return means, such as a spring, enabling one or other of the said positions to be attributed to the support by default.
6. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, including a cable connected to the surface, one of whose ends has a load bar (16) and including means for moving the said traction cable (17), characterised in that the said support (9) comprises a guide (8) for centring the said bar and means (8a, 15a) suitable for securing the said bar to the said support, the said securing means being retractable.
7. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the assembly is connected electrically to the surface, characterised in that it includes an electric transmission cable (7) connected to the surface, one end of which includes a connecting plug (15) which can be plugged in in a liquid environment, suitable for interacting with a complementary socket (14) fixed to the said support, the said complementary socket being connected to the said assembly by an electric connecting cable (13).
8. System according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterised in that the said securing means comprise a drive member (15a) and a receiving member (8a) interacting with the said drive member, the said drive member being fixed to the said load bar (16) and being actuated from the surface by means of a control line (17).
9. System according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterised in that the said retractable securing means (15a, 8a) comprise a shearable mechanical piece suitable for disconnecting the said means by traction from the surface over the cable (17), with the said support (9) bearing on the second stop limiting the travel of the said support (9) in the top position.
10. System according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it includes destructive means for locking the said support in the said first position, the said means being retracted so as to make possible the said measuring or the said troubleshooting by the assembly.
11. System according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which a first zone in which the said assembly is situated is isolated hydraulically from a zone external to said first zone, characterised in that the said support is suitable for interacting with the said body so as to provide sealing and prevent any flow of fluid in one direction and/or in the other direction between the said first zone and said the external zone.
12. System according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that it includes means making it possible to damp the movements of the support (9) in the vicinity of the stops (11, 12).
13. Method for using the device according to claim 1 incorporating in combination the following steps:
a) the set of instruments is lowered into the well whilst it is suspended from the said support and the said support is bearing on the said stop in the bottom position,
b) a traction cable (17) and means of connecting the said traction cable (17) and the said shaft (13) are used to manoeuvre the said set,
c) a tractive force is exerted on the said traction cable (17) from the surface so as to move the said support by a travel at least equal to the travel defined by the said two stops, the said shaft (13) being in tension, then the said set of instruments (2) is immobilised relative to the wall of the well (1) while maintaining the said tractive force, and the said tension in the said shaft (13) is released while moving the said support (9) to the said bottom stop before performing the measurement and/or troubleshooting.
14. Method according to claim 13, employed for a well in which at least one zone is subjected to hydraulic compression, characterised in that the compression zone is defined by at least one annular expandable sealing member (7) placed between the casing (6) and the wall (1) and depending on whether the said set (2) is or is not situated in the said zone, the zone in which the set of instruments is situated is or is not isolated from the zone subjected to compression.
EP88900695A 1986-12-31 1987-12-30 System for moving a set of instruments and measurements and/or interventions method in a well Expired - Lifetime EP0295291B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8618413A FR2609101B1 (en) 1986-12-31 1986-12-31 SYSTEM FOR MOVING AN ASSEMBLY OF INSTRUMENTS AND METHOD FOR MEASURING OR / AND INTERVENTIONS IN A WELL
FR8618413 1986-12-31

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EP0295291A1 EP0295291A1 (en) 1988-12-21
EP0295291B1 true EP0295291B1 (en) 1992-04-29

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EP (1) EP0295291B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1315671C (en)
DE (1) DE3778698D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2609101B1 (en)
NO (1) NO875459L (en)
WO (1) WO1988005109A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2609101A1 (en) 1988-07-01
CA1315671C (en) 1993-04-06
EP0295291A1 (en) 1988-12-21
NO875459L (en) 1988-07-01
WO1988005109A1 (en) 1988-07-14
DE3778698D1 (en) 1992-06-04
US4898240A (en) 1990-02-06
FR2609101B1 (en) 1989-12-08
NO875459D0 (en) 1987-12-29

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