EP0296207B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausführen von messungen und/oder eingriffen in einem unter hydraulischem druck stehenden bohrloch - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausführen von messungen und/oder eingriffen in einem unter hydraulischem druck stehenden bohrloch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0296207B1
EP0296207B1 EP88900696A EP88900696A EP0296207B1 EP 0296207 B1 EP0296207 B1 EP 0296207B1 EP 88900696 A EP88900696 A EP 88900696A EP 88900696 A EP88900696 A EP 88900696A EP 0296207 B1 EP0296207 B1 EP 0296207B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
cable
zone
instruments
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88900696A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0296207A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Wittrisch
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8618417A external-priority patent/FR2609103B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8618414A external-priority patent/FR2609102B1/fr
Application filed by IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Publication of EP0296207A1 publication Critical patent/EP0296207A1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/004—Indexing systems for guiding relative movement between telescoping parts of downhole tools
    • E21B23/006—"J-slot" systems, i.e. lug and slot indexing mechanisms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/14—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well at the level of surrounding formations, and more particularly of formations subjected to hydraulic compression.
  • the invention is particularly applicable when it is a question of carrying out measurements and / or interventions at the level of geological formations located in a first zone to be isolated from the rest of the well, while a hydraulic fluid under pressure is injected in a second zone, so as to fracture the formations (hydraulic fracturing process).
  • the measurements made by applying the present invention may, for example, include the triaxial recording of the noises produced by the rocks thus placed under stress.
  • the analysis of the detected vibrations makes it possible to define the orientation of the noise source and consequently, the direction of propagation of the fracture. This analysis technique is well known to geophysicists and will not be described here in more detail.
  • Measurements may also include recording pressure and background temperature, measurement (focused or not) of the electrical resistivity of formations, listening to and recording the noises created by the flow of fluids produced by geological formations.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to provide a device and a method making it possible to prevent leaks of fluid, coming from the casing under pressure and supplying a well area subjected to hydraulic compression, influencing the measurements that the 'One performs in particular in said compression zone.
  • the invention makes it possible in particular to move a set of one or more measuring or intervention instruments, in particular in the well zone subjected to compression in order to put them there.
  • the invention also makes it possible to protect from external mechanical actions a set of instruments placed at the lower end of the casing, during the descent of this set into the well towards the compression zone.
  • the invention makes it possible to have a well hydraulically isolated compression zone in which measurements can be made and to have another uncompressed zone, outside and below this, in which measurements are made measures or / and interventions.
  • the measurements and / or interventions are carried out using a set of instruments connected to the surface by a cable.
  • the invention provides a device making it possible to carry out measurements or / and interventions in a well in which hydraulic compression, such as hydraulic fracturing, is carried out in a first zone and in which measurements and / or are carried out in a second zone. interventions.
  • the device comprises a casing with a diameter smaller than that of the well, an orifice for the passage of the compression fluid to the hydraulic compression zone, a set of one or more instruments fixed to an elastic connection cable connected to a control, connected to the surface by a cable.
  • Said member comprises a support and means for anchoring said support to the casing, said set of instruments being adapted to be mechanically decoupled from the casing by means of the control member.
  • the support of the control member comprises a closure element, and the casing comprises a seat for cooperating with said closure element. Said cooperation is obtained after the anchoring of the support of said casing.
  • the device is characterized in that said closure element controls the flow of said fluid through said passage orifice.
  • US-A-4,553,599 discloses an apparatus making it possible to control a flow in a tubing for petroleum production by means of a cable connected to the surface.
  • this prior technique does not allow us to descend measurement or intervention probes into a well.
  • the device can be characterized in that it can comprise a casing, two annular sealing members cooperating with said casing and the wall of the well to delimit said compression zone, a set of at least one instrument connected by an elastic connection to a shaft secured to a base connected to the surface by a cable. Said shaft being movable in translation and being able to cooperate with isolation means integral with the casing to prevent the fluid contained in the casing from escaping from it through the lower end of this casing. It may also include a control member located in the vicinity of the lower part of the casing.
  • the device according to the invention can be used when said first compression zone is merged with said second measurement and / or intervention zone, and is characterized in that it can comprise an expandable annular sealing member surrounding the casing at its lower part.
  • the device can be characterized in that said casing can comprise at its lower end a protective casing in which can be housed said set of instruments and said device can include a control member allowing the fluid to flow through said member when a traction controlled is exerted on said cable and in that said device may comprise a support piece or base movable in the casing placed on said traction cable and adapted to hold said assembly in said casing, when it is in a first position, and making it possible on the one hand to exit the casing and move said casing away from the casing, and on the other hand to prevent any circulation of fluid between the casing and said compression zone, when said support piece is in a second position.
  • the device can also be characterized in that the assembly by means of the cable can comprise at least one electrical line, between the connection member equipping the end of said cable, and a complementary connection member secured to the base, said assembly being adapted to cooperate to achieve electrical continuity of the electrical line (s) between the cable and the set of instruments and / or to said control member.
  • the device can be characterized in that the base or support piece may include retaining means, such as an anchoring system adapted to cooperate with retaining members integral with said base, said means holding said base in a first position where said base is spaced from the lower end of the casing, and in that these means can be unlocked by means of the cable connected to the surface.
  • the device can also be characterized in that the displacement of said base in one or the other of the two positions produces an opening or a closing of said control member and possibly produces the displacement of said set of instruments relative to said casing.
  • the device can be characterized in that said control member is electric and in that it can be adapted to be controlled by means of the cable connected to the surface.
  • the invention also provides a method for performing measurements and / or interventions in a well using the device. This method is characterized in that one controls the element obturation by means of said cable and / or differential pressure on either side of said passage orifice.
  • the method can be characterized in that when a controlled traction is produced on said obturation element by means of said cable, the circulation of fluid is allowed through said member.
  • the method can also maintain said control member in a position preventing any circulation of fluid by producing a controlled pressure difference between said casing and said zone to be fractured, either on either side of said passage orifice.
  • the method can be characterized in that by means of said cable, said set of instruments can be moved relative to said casing.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 correspond respectively to the initial position of a device according to the invention, lowered into a partially cased well 1 and to the working position of this device, in which the probe 2 is removed from its protective casing 3.
  • the well 1 is fitted over a certain length with a casing 4 terminated by the shoe 5 at its lower part.
  • the device shown comprises at its lower part the protective casing 3 in which is housed at least partially the set of measuring or intervention instruments 2 and which is surmounted by a casing 6 to which this casing is connected.
  • the set of one or more instruments 2 comprises a logging probe, but it could also include a television camera, or an intervention instrument such as, for example, example, a punching tool, etc.
  • annular sealing member 7, radially expandable, which may be of a conventional type (packer) is interposed between the casing 3 and the casing 6. Any suitable safety means well known to those skilled in the art may be used during the installation of the sealing member 7, so that a blocking of this member 7 does not harm the ascent of the set of instruments 2.
  • This member is for example obtained by axial displacement of the casing 6, causing the spacing of the packer anchoring corners.
  • a packer with hydraulic anchoring of a known type for example the AD1 model from the company BAKER OIL TOOLS.
  • this member 7 In its expansion position, this member 7 is pressed against the wall of the casing 4.
  • the casing 3 and the casing 6 are both open at their ends.
  • a tubular centering guide 8 is housed in the casing 6, this tubular element being open at its upper part and comprising at its lower part a support piece or base 9 equipped with an anchoring system 8a.
  • the set of instruments 2 is connected to the base 9 by a flexible elastic connection, that is to say of negligible stiffness which, in the illustrated embodiment, includes a connection cable 13 passing through an axial passage 7a of the member 7 and of length such that, in the high position of the base 9 (Fig. 1), the probe 2 is housed, at least partially, inside its protective casing 3, while in the position bottom of the base 9, the probe 2 is removed from the casing 3 (working position shown in FIG. 2).
  • a flexible elastic connection that is to say of negligible stiffness which, in the illustrated embodiment, includes a connection cable 13 passing through an axial passage 7a of the member 7 and of length such that, in the high position of the base 9 (Fig. 1), the probe 2 is housed, at least partially, inside its protective casing 3, while in the position bottom of the base 9, the probe 2 is removed from the casing 3 (working position shown in FIG. 2).
  • the set of instruments 2 is mechanically decoupled from the casing and the vibrations of the casing 4 are not transmitted to the set of instruments.
  • the cable 13 contains electrical conductors for supplying and transmitting the measurements which electrically connect the probe 2 to a male electrical plug 14, multi-contact, disposed on the base 9.
  • This male plug is suitable for receiving a complementary female socket 15 surmounted by a load or ballast bar 16.
  • An anchoring system either mechanical comprising for example shearable washers adapted to the socket 15 and cooperating with retaining members integral with the tube 8, or electro-hydraulic (comprising for example anchoring corners actuated by remote-controlled motor), provides a mechanical connection between the bar 16 and the base 9 when the electrical contact is made between the male plug 14 and the female socket 15.
  • the assembly formed by the socket 15 and the load bar 16 is fixed to the lower end of a traction cable 17 containing electrical conductors for supplying and transmitting the measurements made by the probe 2.
  • This cable can in addition enclose conductors ensuring the control of certain members, such as the retaining one when the latter is electro-hydraulic, or ensuring the transmission provided by different sensors.
  • the probe could, for example, be of known type and include as anchoring means articulated anchoring arms 18, 19 folded along the body of the probe when this probe is housed in the protective casing (FIG. 1), these arms being deployed hydraulically by electric remote control from the surface, by means of cables 17 and 13, when the probe 2 has come out of the casing 3, in the working position shown in FIG. 2, the arms 18 and 19 are anchoring then in the wall of the well and pressing the probe 2 against this wall on the diametrically opposite side (Fig. 2).
  • anchoring means articulated anchoring arms 18, 19 folded along the body of the probe when this probe is housed in the protective casing (FIG. 1), these arms being deployed hydraulically by electric remote control from the surface, by means of cables 17 and 13, when the probe 2 has come out of the casing 3, in the working position shown in FIG. 2, the arms 18 and 19 are anchoring then in the wall of the well and pressing the probe 2 against this wall on the diametrically opposite side (Fig. 2).
  • These arms may be connected to one or more pads applying against the wall of the well.
  • this probe could in particular include triaxial dynamic accelerometers 20, recording the components A x , A y and A z of the noise along three axes perpendicular to each other.
  • This probe may also include a hydrophone recording the compression waves of the fluid contained in the hole and pressure sensors 21 and 22 measuring respectively the hydrostatic pressure prevailing in the well outside the probe and the pressure of application of the arms 18 and 19 against the wall.
  • the base or support part 9 comprising a centering guide 8 is provided with entirely mechanical retaining means comprising a groove 10 cooperating with these retaining lugs 10a.
  • This system makes it possible to maintain the support piece in a first position, shown in Figure 1, where the lower part of the base 9 is located below a high stop which can be formed by an internal shoulder 11 of the casing 6 (Fig. 3C) at a sufficient distance from it so that the anchoring system can be unlocked by lifting the base 9 (see below).
  • the support piece When the groove 10 is released from the retaining lugs 10a, the support piece can be placed towards a second position, or low position, under the effect of gravity or of a hydraulic pumping. In the low position, a shutter 12b placed at the lower end of the support piece 9 cooperates with a seat 12a integral with the casing, so as to prevent any circulation of fluid.
  • the member comprising the shutter 12b and the seat 12a makes it possible to control the circulation of fluid through the casing at the level of said member.
  • the support piece 9 as well as the internal shoulder 11 has recesses with bare bores allowing a hydraulic fluid to flow throughout the casing 6, around the centering guide 8, as long as the shutter 12b does not cooperate with the seat 12a for closing the casing 6.
  • the anchoring system 10 may include a W-shaped groove formed in the outer wall is the base 9 of the centering guide 8, this base 9 can rotate about an axis vertical to the casing 6.
  • the above-mentioned assembly can then descend by gravity to its low position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the base 9 could include an electro-hydraulic anchoring system remotely controlled from the surface.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the first step in which the attachment of the packer 7 is first of all attached to the surface at the lower end of the casing 6.
  • the device according to the invention may, instead of placing the packer 7 between the lower end of the casing 6 and the protective casing 3, remove the protective casing 3, or place the packer 7 above the lower end of the casing, for example at above the level of the upper end of the centering guide 8 when the latter is in its highest position.
  • the probe (or intervention tool) 2 is then fixed under the packer 7 to the lower end of the connection cable 13 and is thus suspended from the lugs 10a in the high position of FIG. 1. It is then fixed to the lower end of the packer 7 the protective casing of the probe which is housed inside the casing.
  • the assembly is then gradually lowered into the well 1 (Fig. 4) from the drilling tower 23, by adding successive casing elements 6, until the probe 2 reaches the desired depth, for example substantially at the level shoe 5, the number of casing elements 6 connected end to end allowing to know at all times the depth reached.
  • the packer 7 is anchored to the lower end of the casing 4 (Fig. 5).
  • the casing 6 is connected at its upper part to a pipe 24 for supplying pressurized hydraulic fluid and is provided at its top with a safety shutter or cable gland 25 in which the traction cable 17 supporting the l assembly formed by the load bar 16 and the socket 15, until the latter comes to be connected to the male plug 14 fixed on the base 9 seen centering guide comprising for example a tubular element 8 which supports the probe , the centering guide 8 ensuring guiding of the assembly 15-16 to facilitate this connection.
  • Interlocking or mechanical connection members 15a and 8a are respectively adapted to the socket 15 and to the internal wall of the tube 8.
  • the members 15a and 8a respectively consist of a shearable washer carried by the socket 15 or the load bar 16 and arms or knives for retaining this washer, carried by the tubular guide 8. These members 15a and 8a are adapted to be released from each other by sufficient traction exerted on the cable 17 from the surface.
  • the cable 17 is unwound from the surface from a winch 26. Between the winch 26 and the shutter 25, the cable 17 passes over the return pulleys 27 and 28 (Fig. 6).
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to remove said set of instruments 2 from the vibrations of said casing 6 during measurement or intervention.
  • the means enabling it are constituted by the combination of anchoring members 18, 19 of said instrument 2 at a fixed level of the well 1, the latter being actuated by remote control, and of a flexible connection 13 between said instrument 2 and a part -support 9 movable in the casing 6 between a position close to the upper stop 11 and a lower stop position 12 which respectively define a first and a second position of said set of instruments 2.
  • the assembly 2, 8, 9, 13, 12b remains suspended from the retaining lugs 10a integral with the casing 6, by means of the anchoring system in W designated by the reference 10.
  • the casing 6 can then in turn be gradually withdrawn from the well, the elements of this casing being successively disconnected in area.
  • sealing member 7 in a non-cased area of the well which will be isolated from the rest of the well by the use of a sealing member completely sealing the well at a level below that of the instrument or probe in its low position.
  • the casing 4 descends under the total sealing member defined above.
  • the casing 4 is perforated in a conventional manner, in order to allow the fluid injected hydraulic to flow through the formations located at this level.
  • the instrument or probe 2 can be removed from the casing 3 by pumping hydraulic fluid followed possibly by a displacement of the casing 6 from the surface, in order to relax 13 tension in the cable 13 before performing the measurement or intervention using the probe or instrument 2.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 uses as a member for controlling the circulation of the fluid between the casing and the area to be compressed, a member comprising a shutter secured to the traction cable cooperating with a seat secured to the casing and said member is adapted to allow any circulation of fluid when traction by said cable is exerted on the shutter.
  • any other control member operable by a cable in particular a member comprising a shutter secured to the traction cable cooperating with a seat secured to the casing, said member preventing any circulation of fluid at its when an appropriate pull is exerted on said shutter, the probe being placed below the shutter.
  • the first device described When the passage sections allow it, in particular in line with the packer 7 and the seat 12a, the first device described also has the advantage of making it possible to slide the set of instruments 2, the shutter 12b and the cable traction along the casing 6, the load bar, the groove in W, the centering guide can then be removed.
  • the probe 2 is located in an area 1c of the well in which no fracturing will be carried out. Fracturing is carried out in a zone 1b delimited by two sealing members 33 and 34 which, in the example of FIG. 9, are supported by the casing 6.
  • the cable 17, which is connected to the surface, is terminated at its lower end by an electrical connection member 15 surmounted by a load bar 16 making it possible to lower the cable into said casing.
  • the load or ballast bar 16 is centered on the base 9 by means of the guide 8 and then anchored to it.
  • the means for anchoring may include, for example, dogs 16c (electric or electro-hydraulic, integral with the load bar 16 and controlled from the surface) cooperating with notches 8a formed in the body of the guide 8 or of the base 9.
  • dogs 16c electrical or electro-hydraulic, integral with the load bar 16 and controlled from the surface
  • connection member 15 which is a female socket, cooperates with a complementary connection member 14 which is a male socket secured to the base 9 and connected to the probe 2 or to the members and instruments to be connected to the surface.
  • This second embodiment of the device according to the invention differs from the first in that there is interposed between the base 9 and the flexible and flexible connecting cable 13, a rigid shaft 30, integral with the base 9, this shaft being movable in translation and cooperating with insulation means 31, integral with the casing 6, to prevent the fluid contained in the casing from escaping from its lower end.
  • the insulation can be made by means of an O-ring placed in a groove and cooperating with a smooth exterior surface of said shaft 30.
  • the device comprises a member 12a, 12b controlling the circulation of fluid coming from the casing and going towards the zone to be compressed, with a view to its hydraulic fracturing, through one or more passages 32 formed in the casing 6.
  • the control member 12a, 12b of FIG. 9, comprises a shutter 12b which is integral with the base 9 or said shaft 30 and cooperates with a seat 12a integral with the casing 6.
  • the stroke of the base 9 is limited in the high position by the movement of the retaining lug 10a in the groove 10 in W, and in the low position by the contact of the shutter 12b on the seat 12a.
  • the probe 2 is held in a protective casing 3 placed at the lower end of the casing 6.
  • a protective casing 3 placed at the lower end of the casing 6.
  • the stroke of the base inside the casing as well as the shaft 30 are adapted so that the probe or the set of instruments can be separated by a sufficient distance from the protective casing, in order to carry out the measurements. or / and interventions.
  • the connecting cable 13 is attached to the lower end of the shaft 30, but the shaft 30 may include a hollow part and resistant to compression pressure, in which the connecting cable is attached. This has in particular the aim of increasing the length of the connecting cable 13 and, by this very fact, its flexibility.
  • a pressure sensor 36 can be placed on the shaft 30 directly connected to the electrical lines connected to the surface.
  • the control member can be closed and the casing pressurized to put these members in place.
  • the hydraulic connection allowing the actuation of the member 34 must lead to a level higher than that of the sealing member 12a, 12b, that is to say at a point in the casing which can be pressurized without the area to be fractured.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to move the probe 2 after anchoring of the sealing members 33, 34 and even during compression. For this reason, the anchoring members 8c, 16a and the retaining means 10, 10a must allow the transmission of a tensile force sufficient to overcome the action of the pressure forces acting on the cross section of the shaft 30 .
  • This embodiment of the invention can also be used when it is desired to carry out the measurements or / and interventions in the compression zone. For this, it suffices to remove the lower seal produced by the annular member 33 of the packer type.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a variant of the embodiment according to the invention illustrated in Figure 9 and differs from the previous in that the fluid flow control member is of a sliding type attached to the periphery of the support 9, in that the stop of the base is adapted accordingly and, in that the fluid pressure sensor of the compression zone is not mounted on the shaft.
  • the fluid flow control member is of a sliding type attached to the periphery of the support 9, in that the stop of the base is adapted accordingly and, in that the fluid pressure sensor of the compression zone is not mounted on the shaft.
  • the control member comprises a shutter 12b comprising a sliding jacket at the ends of which are placed two seals 35, such as O-rings, and comprises a seat 12a produced in the internal wall of the casing 6.
  • the seat has an orifice 32 through which the fluid passes to the area to be compressed.
  • the seat 12a is adapted to cooperate with the shutter 12b to ensure the seal between the interior of the casing and the area to be compressed, when the support 9 is sufficiently lowered so that the jacket 12a closes the orifice 32.
  • the second position , or low position, of the support is obtained when one of the ends of the jacket 12b has reached the bottom 37 of the casing, while the shutter 12b cooperates with the seat 12a to prevent any circulation of fluid through the orifice 32.
  • the pressure sensor 36 is located in the shutter 12b at a level such that it is in hydraulic connection with the compressed area when the shutter is in abutment.
  • a groove 38 making all around the shutter 12b and in which the sensor 36 is located allows its connection with the compression zone 1b whatever the indexing of the support with respect to the casing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Vorrichtung, die es ermöglicht, Messungen und/oder Eingriffsvorgänge in einem Bohrloch (1) vorzunehmen, in welchem man in einer ersten Zone eine hydraulische Kompression wie ein Hydrofracverfahren vornimmt und in welchem man in einer zweiten Zone Messungen und/oder Eingriffsvorgänge vornimmt, mit einer Verrohrung (6) eines Durchmessers, der geringer als der des Bohrlochs (1) ist und mit einer Durchlaßöffnung (7a, 32) für das Kompressionsfluid gegen die Zone der hydraulischen Kompression, einer Anordnung (2) aus einem oder mehreren Instrumenten, die an einem elastischen Verbindungskabel (13) befestigt sind, welches mit einem Regelorgan (8, 9, 10) verbunden ist, wobei die Verbindung mit der Obefläche über ein Kabel (17) erfolgt, wobei dieses Organ einen Träger (9) und Verankerungsmittel (10) für diesen Träger (9) auf der Verrohrung (6) umfaßt, wobei die Instrumentenanordnung (2) so ausgelegt ist, daß sie mechanisch von der Verrohrung (6) vermittels des Regelorgans abgekuppelt werden kann und der Träger (9) des Regelorgans ein Schließelement (12b) umfaßt, wobei die Verrohrung (6) über einen Sitz (12a), um mit diesem Schließelement (12b) zusammenzuwirken, verfügt und wobei dieses Zusammenwirken nach dem Trennen des Trägers (9) von dieser Verrohrung (6) erhalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses Schließelement (12b) die Strömung dieses Fluids durch diese Durchlaßöffnung (7a, 32) regelt.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie umfaßt: eine Verrohrung (6), zwei Ringdichtungsorgane (33, 34), welche mit dieser Verrohrung (6) und der Wandung des Bohrlochs, um diese Kompressionszone (1b) zu begrenzen, zusammenwirken, eine Anordnung (2) aus wenigstens einem Instrument, das über eine elastische Verbindung (13) mit einer Welle (30) verbunden ist, die fest bezüglich einer Basis (9) ist, die mit der Oberfläche über ein Kabel (17) verbunden ist, wobei die Welle (30) translatorisch bewegbar ist und mit diesbezüglich der Verrohrung (6) festen Isoliermitteln (31) zusammenwirkt, um das in der Verrohrung (6) enthaltene Fluid daran zu hindern, über das untere Ende dieser Verrohrung zu entweichen, und ein Organ (12a, 12b), welches benachbart dem unteren Teil der Verrohrung (6) (Fig. 9 und 10) sich befindet.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, verwendbar, wenn diese erste Kompressionszone mit dieser zweiten Meß- und/oder Eingriffszone zusammenfällt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein expandierfähiges Ringdichtungsorgan umfaßt, welches die Verrohrung (6) an ihrem unteren Teil umschließt.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Verrohrung an ihrem unteren Ende ein Schutzgehäuse (3) umfaßt, in welchem diese Instrumentenanordnung (2) lagern kann und diese Vorrichtung ein Regelorgan (8, 9, 10) umfaßt, welches das Fluid durch dieses Organ zirkulieren läßt, wenn ein geregelter Zug auf dieses Kabel ausgeübt wird und daß diese Vorrichtung ein Trägerteil oder eine Basis (9) umfaßt, die in dieser auf diesem Zugkabel (17) angeordneten Verrohrung verschiebbar bzw. beweglich und so ausgelegt ist, daß diese Anordnung (2) in diesem Gehäuse (3) gehalten wird, wenn sie sich in einer ersten Lage befindet und es einerseits ermöglicht, diese Anordnung aus dem Gehäuse herauszuziehen und von der Verrohrung (6) zu entfernen und andererseits jede Fluidzirkulation zwischen der Verrohrung (6) und dieser Kompressionszone (1a) zu verhindern, wenn dieses Trägerbauteil (9) sich in seiner zweiten Lage oder Position befindet.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Montageausbildung vermittels des Kabels (17) wenigstens eine elektrische Leitung zwischen dem Verbindungsorgan (15), das das Ende dieses Kabels (17) ausstattet und einem komplementären Verbindungsorgan (14) umfaßt, das fest mit der Basis (9) ist, wobei diese Montageausbildung so ausgelegt ist, daß sie für ein Zusammenwirken ausgelegt ist, um die elektrische Kontinuität des oder der elektrischen Leitungen zwischen dem Kabel (17) und der Instrumentenanordnung (2) und/oder dem Regelorgan (12a, 12b) zu realisieren.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Basis (9) oder das Trägerteil (9) Haltemittel, beispielsweise ein Verankerungssystem (9a, 10f) umfaßt, die so ausgelegt sind, daß sie mit Halteorganen (10a) zusammenwirken, die fest bezüglich der Basis (9) sind, wobei diese Mittel diese Basis in einer ersten Position halten, wo diese Basis unter Abstand zum unteren Ende der Verrohrung sich befindet und daß diese Mittel vermittels des mit der Oberfläche verbundenen Kabels (17) entriegelbar sind und dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewegung oder Verschiebung dieser Basis (9) in die eine oder andere der beiden Positionen zu einem Öffnen oder einem Schließen dieses Regelorgans führt und gegebenenfalls die Bewegung dieser Instrumentenanordnung (2) relativ zur Verrohrung hervorruft.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieses Regelorgan elektrisch ist und daß es so ausgelegt ist, daß es vermittels des mit der Oberfläche verbundenen Kabels (17) steuerbar bzw. betätigbar ist.
8. Verfahren zur Durchführung von Messungen und/oder Eingriffsvorgängen in einem Bohrloch (1), unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das Schließelement (12b) vermittels dieses Kabels (17) und/oder des differentiellen Drucks zu beiden Seiten dieser Durchlaßöffnung (7a, 32) regelt.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, bei dem diese erste Kompressionszone und diese zweite Meß- und/oder Eingriffszone zusammenfallen und am unteren Ende der Verrohrung (Fig. 1, 2, 3c) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dann, wenn man einen geregelten Zug auf dieses Schließelement vermittels dieses Kabels ausübt, man die Fluidzirkulation durch dieses Organ ermöglicht.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, bei dem diese erste Kompressionszone und diese zweite Meß- und/oder Eingriffszone zusammenfallen und am unteren Ende der Verrohrung (Fig. 1, 2, 3c) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dann, wenn man einen geregelten Zug auf dieses Schließelement (12b) vermittels dieses Kabels (17) ausübt, man jede Fluidzirkulation durch dieses Organ unterbindet.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man dieses Regelorgan in einer Position hält, welche jede Fluidzirkulation unterbindet, indem man eine geregelte Druckdifferenz zwischen dieser Verrohrung (6) und dieser zu frakturierenden Zone (1a) entweder auf der einen oder auf der anderen Seite dieser Durchlaßöffnung (7a, 32) erzeugt.
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vermittels dieses Kabels (17) man diese Instrumentenanordnung (2) relativ zu dieser Verrohrung (6) bewegt bzw. verschiebt.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die folgenden Stufen zur Durchführung dieser Messungen und/oder Eingriffsvorgänge umfaßt:
a) man ordnet diese Verrohrung (6) in diesem Bohrloch an,
b) man verankert diese Instrumentenanordnung (2) an dieser Meß- und/oder Eingriffszone (12) des Bohrlochs (1),
c) man sorgt für die Entspannung der elastischen Verbindung (13),
d) man erzeugt einen hydraulischen Druck in dieser Kompressionszone (1b), und
e) man verschließt diese Durchlaßöffnung vermittels des Schließorgans (12b).
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, bei dem dieses Schließelement (12b) jede Fluidzirkulation ermöglicht, wenn ein geregelter Zug auf dieses mit der Oberfläche verbundene Kabel (17) ausgeübt wird und wo der Sitz (12a) einen ausreichenden Querschnitt hat, um es dieser Instrumentenanordnung (2) zu ermöglichen, hierhindurch zu passieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die folgenden Stufen umfaßt:
f) man ordnet diese Verrohrung (6) in diesem Bohrloch (1) an,
g) man läßt diese Anordnung (2) in diese Verrohrung (6) gleiten,
h) man verankert diese Instrumentenanordnung (2) im Bohrloch (1) auf der Höhe der zu frakturierenden Zone (1a),
i) man sorgt für das Entspannen des Verbindungskabels (13),
j) man erzeugt einen hydraulischen Druck in dieser Frakturierungszone (1a), derart, daß die Frakturierung sichergestellt wird, und
k) man schließt dieses Regelorgan (12a, 12b).
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 14, bei dem diese Instrumentenanordnung (2) vermittels dieser elektrischen Verbindung (13) mit einem elektrischen Verbindungsorgan (14, 15) verbunden ist und bei dem dieses mit der Oberfläche verbundene Kabel (17) wenigstens eine Übertragungsleitung umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die folgenden Stufen umfaßt:
l) man versieht diese Instrumentenanordnung (2) mit einem elektrischen Verbindungsstecker (14), der in flüssigem Medium einsteckbar ist,
m) man ordnet diese Anordnung am Ende der Verrohrung (6) an und bringt dieses Verbindungsorgan (14) in eine Position, welche die Verbindung mit einem komplementären Organ (15) ermöglicht, das mit dem mit der Oberfläche verbundenen Kabel (17) verbunden ist und vom oberen Ende der Verrohrung stammt, und dann
n) führt man in die Verrohrung (6) ein Übertragungskabel (17) ein, das mit diesem komplementären elektrischen Verbindungsorgan (15) ausgestattet ist, derartiger Auslegung, daß es sich mit diesem mit der Instrumentenanordnung (2) verbundenen Verbindungsorgan (14) verbindet.
EP88900696A 1986-12-31 1987-12-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausführen von messungen und/oder eingriffen in einem unter hydraulischem druck stehenden bohrloch Expired - Lifetime EP0296207B1 (de)

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FR8618417A FR2609103B1 (fr) 1986-12-31 1986-12-31 Methode et dispositif pour effectuer des mesures ou/et interventions dans une zone d'un puits et controler la circulation de fluide vers une autre zone de ce puits ou l'on effectue une compression hydraulique
FR8618414A FR2609102B1 (fr) 1986-12-31 1986-12-31 Methode et dispositif pour effectuer des mesures ou/et interventions dans une zone d'un puits soumise a une compression hydraulique
FR8618417 1986-12-31
FR8618414 1986-12-31
CA000560215A CA1326206C (fr) 1986-12-31 1988-03-01 Methode et dispositif pour effectuer des mesures et/ou interventions dans un puits soumis a compression hydraulique

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CN105041283B (zh) * 2014-11-10 2017-09-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 拉套式全通径压裂工具及控制方法
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WO1988005110A1 (fr) 1988-07-14
US4898241A (en) 1990-02-06
CA1326206C (fr) 1994-01-18

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