EP0294313A1 - Interrupteur à vide comportant une enveloppe et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Interrupteur à vide comportant une enveloppe et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0294313A1
EP0294313A1 EP88730108A EP88730108A EP0294313A1 EP 0294313 A1 EP0294313 A1 EP 0294313A1 EP 88730108 A EP88730108 A EP 88730108A EP 88730108 A EP88730108 A EP 88730108A EP 0294313 A1 EP0294313 A1 EP 0294313A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum interrupter
vacuum
foam
mold
integral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88730108A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Günther Christopher
Helmut Lindner
Norbert Steinemer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0294313A1 publication Critical patent/EP0294313A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum interrupter with a coating made of hardenable plastic that is resistant to internal pressure.
  • Vacuum interrupters encapsulated in this way are required if vacuum interrupters are to be used in firedamp or explosive environments. Vacuum interrupters are characterized in that no ignitable switching gases are emitted during undisturbed operation or other phenomena that pose a hazard occur.
  • the safety requirements such as exist in underground mining or in petrochemical plants, require that such phenomena do not occur even in the event of a fault, e.g. B. in the event of a leak or severe overload. It must therefore be prevented, for example, that the ignition temperature of explosive gases is reached when a vacuum switch fails on the surface of the switching tubes.
  • the known envelopes for vacuum interrupters have the property that, with a service life to be demanded in the event of a fault of several hundred milliseconds, dimensions are quite large and such interrupters are difficult to use in existing switching devices.
  • the invention has for its object to significantly increase the effectiveness of the encapsulation or casing with ease of manufacture.
  • the envelope of the vacuum interrupter consists of a hard integral polyurethane foam.
  • An encapsulation of this type is mechanically strong, heat-insulating and electrically high quality.
  • Integral foams are described, for example, in the publication 'Baydur' from Bayer AG, order no. PU53045, edition 4.76. They are characterized by an inner and an outer closed edge layer, between which there is porous foamed material.
  • porous core Because of the porous core, even large molded parts have a relatively low weight. They are therefore used, for example, for housings for technical devices, sanitary items, furniture, windows, doors, etc.
  • the edge zone only has the task of forming a closed surface for the practical use of the objects, which can be easily cleaned or painted.
  • a desired structure e.g. B. incorporated a grain or grain for imaging in the edge zone in the surface of the mold.
  • the invention provides for the creation of a pronounced edge zone in which the plastic used is cured in a relatively thick layer without pores. This layer enables a high burst pressure of such a casing.
  • Due to the low thermal conductivity of the integral foam on the surface of the casing the ignition temperature of explosive gases is not reached even if the housing of the vacuum interrupter should melt locally. Furthermore, good electrical dielectric strength is guaranteed.
  • an integral foam encapsulation can be produced in series production in a time-saving manner. By eliminating the prefabrication of insert parts, the costs are also lower.
  • a suitable temperature distribution can ensure that boundary layers are deposited with a more or less large thickness. This also influences the thermal insulation and the mechanical strength of the encapsulation in a desired way. This possibility can be used in the sense of a smaller wall thickness of the encapsulation, if care is taken to ensure that, in the event of a fault, regions of the vacuum interrupter which are subject to greater heat stress are provided with an additional metal jacket and the covering is applied to this jacket.
  • a middle switching chamber of a vacuum interrupter formed by a metal cylinder can be provided with a sleeve made of sheet copper, as described in DE-U-85 08 473.
  • the front flanges of a vacuum interrupter can also be exposed to increased stress in the event of a fault. It is therefore advisable to reinforce these areas with cuffs or metal caps.
  • the envelope of the vacuum interrupter consisting of integral foam can also be formed as an intermediate layer between the vacuum interrupter and an outer jacket made of insulating material.
  • the covering made of integral foam is able to absorb part of the mechanical stress that occurs in the event of a fault.
  • the outer jacket can have a relatively small wall thickness, since it essentially only has the function of a lost shape for the integral foam .
  • Both a permanent form made of metal and a so-called lost form in the form of an insulating tube can be used as the form.
  • compact layers of the resin are deposited in a desired thickness.
  • the good flow and filling behavior of the polyurethane foam allows not only individual vacuum interrupters, but several, in particular the vacuum interrupters belonging to a multi-pole switching device, to be encased in a common form with the foam.
  • Such a tube block is advantageous for the assembly of the switchgear and offers particularly good protection.
  • FIG. 1 shows in longitudinal section a form for the encasing of a vacuum interrupter with an integral polyurethane foam.
  • FIG. 2 shows a head piece of the shape shown in FIG. 1 in a position rotated by 90 °.
  • Figure 3 shows a detail of the envelope of a vacuum interrupter.
  • FIG. 4 shows additional parts made of metal in connection with a vacuum interrupter, which has a central interrupter made of metal.
  • FIG. 5 shows a vacuum interrupter with an essentially cylindrical housing shape with a covering made of integral foam and an outer jacket tube.
  • FIG. 6 A block of integral foam containing three vacuum interrupters is shown schematically in FIG. 6 in a perspective view.
  • the form 1 shown in FIG. 1 is of three parts and accordingly consists of a base part 2, a casing 3 and a head piece 4.
  • the essentially cylindrical casing 3 carries a bolt 5 near its lower opening and its upper opening on opposite sides, to be able to connect the base part 2 and the head piece 4 to the jacket 3 in a bayonet-like manner.
  • the head piece 4 is shown in section in FIG. 2 in a position rotated by 90 ° with respect to FIG.
  • two angled grooves 6 are provided, of which the one groove, which is not visible per se, is shown in broken lines.
  • 4 threaded holes 10 are provided on the circumference of the head piece, which are provided for screwing in the handles 11 shown in FIG. From Figure 1 is still ent take that a groove 12 is incorporated in each of the end faces of the jacket 3, in which a sealing ring 13 is inserted.
  • Form 1 is particularly suitable for vacuum interrupters with an essentially continuous cylindrical circumferential surface, as can be seen, for example, from FIG. 5 or DE-A-35 07 949.
  • the form 1 shown is intended for the fact that when the head piece 4 is removed, the switching tube to be treated is first introduced and then a suitably dimensioned amount of the polyurethane resin mixture is introduced. Then the head piece 4 is put on and locked by means of the pins 5 and the bayonet grooves 6. The foaming is delayed compared to these manipulations. After the resin mixture has hardened, the mold 1 is opened by removing the head piece 4 and the base part 2, whereupon the vacuum interrupter provided with the covering can be removed from the jacket 3.
  • the described Form 1 and the work steps are particularly suitable for small quantities of vacuum interrupters to be encased
  • the requirements for series production can be created by simple modifications.
  • an opening and a connecting piece for a pipeline can be provided for this at a suitable location in the form 1, so that the resin mixture can be supplied from a processing plant under pressure.
  • the form 1 described can also be designed in such a way that vacuum interrupters with a housing design, for example according to FIG. 4 or DE-A-33 25 468, can be encased.
  • the feature of this tube design is a central switching chamber made of metal, to which ceramic insulating bodies with a smaller diameter are connected on both sides. To accommodate such switching tubes, the jacket of the mold can be divided into two graduated sections.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of a section of the wall 14 of a vacuum interrupter encased with integral foam, in order to clarify the nature of the envelope 15.
  • the polyurethane resin is deposited on the surface of the wall 14 and on the wall of the mold in the form of pore-free layers 16, while there is a porous region 17 therebetween with a gradual transition.
  • the casing therefore has both good mechanical strength and good thermal insulation.
  • FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of metal caps or sleeves using the example of a switching tube 20.
  • the closing metal parts 21 and 22 located at the ends of the switching tube 20 are each protected by a cap 23 and 24, respectively, while the middle switching chamber 25 is protected by two symmetrical caps 26 which complement one another to form a sleeve. Smaller sections can also be put together to form a sleeve.
  • a suitable binder for example an epoxy resin adhesive.
  • FIG. 5 shows a simplified representation of a vacuum interrupter 30 with an envelope of this type.
  • the vacuum interrupter 30 which can also be provided with metal parts 31 and 32 at the ends in the manner described, and a tube section 33 are positioned centrally with respect to one another.
  • One upper and one each lower insulating cover 34 limits the space used to hold the integral foam.
  • the resin mixture preferably taken from a processing plant, is introduced into this intermediate space between the pipe section 33 and the vacuum interrupter 30 and cured as a covering 35.
  • the result is a hard layer of integral foam which, like the use of mold 1 in FIG. 1, thus has pronounced edge zones. However, there is no subsequent demolding.
  • the vacuum interrupters belonging to a multi-pole switching device can be encased together with integral foam.
  • a tube block 40 with switching tubes 41 is shown schematically in FIG. 6.
  • Threaded bushings 42 are anchored in the tube block in order to be able to easily establish the connection to a drive assembly.

Landscapes

  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP88730108A 1987-05-27 1988-05-10 Interrupteur à vide comportant une enveloppe et son procédé de fabrication Withdrawn EP0294313A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873718110 DE3718110A1 (de) 1987-05-27 1987-05-27 Vakuumschaltroehre mit einer umhuellung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE3718110 1987-05-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294313A1 true EP0294313A1 (fr) 1988-12-07

Family

ID=6328684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88730108A Withdrawn EP0294313A1 (fr) 1987-05-27 1988-05-10 Interrupteur à vide comportant une enveloppe et son procédé de fabrication

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0294313A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3718110A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2925755A1 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-26 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Isolation d'un dispositif de coupure de type ampoule a vide par surmoulage
EP2706549A1 (fr) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-12 Kuvag Gmbh & Co Kg Commutateur de puissance surmoulé et son procédé de fabrication

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29514362U1 (de) * 1995-09-07 1995-11-16 Ibs Schillings Gmbh Elektrische Baugruppe der Schutzart EEx-m
DE19921477A1 (de) * 1999-05-08 2000-11-09 Abb T & D Tech Ltd Freiluftschalterpolteil mit einer Vakuumkammer
DE10249615A1 (de) * 2002-10-21 2004-05-13 Siemens Ag Herstellung eines feststoffisolierten Schalterpols

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8508473U1 (de) * 1985-03-21 1985-05-15 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kapselung einer Vakuumschaltröhre
US4568804A (en) * 1983-09-06 1986-02-04 Joslyn Mfg. And Supply Co. High voltage vacuum type circuit interrupter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4568804A (en) * 1983-09-06 1986-02-04 Joslyn Mfg. And Supply Co. High voltage vacuum type circuit interrupter
DE8508473U1 (de) * 1985-03-21 1985-05-15 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kapselung einer Vakuumschaltröhre

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2925755A1 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-26 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Isolation d'un dispositif de coupure de type ampoule a vide par surmoulage
WO2009106731A2 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-09-03 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Isolation d'un dispositif de coupure de type ampoule a vide par surmoulage
WO2009106731A3 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-10-22 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Isolation d'un dispositif de coupure de type ampoule a vide par surmoulage
US8178812B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2012-05-15 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Insulation of a switchgear device of vacuum cartridge type by insert moulding
RU2479061C2 (ru) * 2007-12-21 2013-04-10 Шнейдер Электрик Эндюстри Сас Изоляция коммутационного устройства типа вакуумного картриджа посредством формования заливкой
EP2706549A1 (fr) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-12 Kuvag Gmbh & Co Kg Commutateur de puissance surmoulé et son procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3718110A1 (de) 1988-12-08

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