EP0293323A1 - Interrupteur à vide avec une enveloppe - Google Patents

Interrupteur à vide avec une enveloppe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0293323A1
EP0293323A1 EP88730117A EP88730117A EP0293323A1 EP 0293323 A1 EP0293323 A1 EP 0293323A1 EP 88730117 A EP88730117 A EP 88730117A EP 88730117 A EP88730117 A EP 88730117A EP 0293323 A1 EP0293323 A1 EP 0293323A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum interrupter
insulating layer
thermal
interrupter according
thermal insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP88730117A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter Bialkowski
Klaus Oberndörfer
Reinhard Schatz
Norbert Steinemer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0293323A1 publication Critical patent/EP0293323A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum interrupter with an encapsulation, which has a winding body made of synthetic resin-impregnated threads or tapes.
  • a vacuum interrupter of this type as described, for example, in the documents of DE-GM 85 08 473, is intended in particular for use in an environment prone to firedamp or explosion.
  • the encapsulation has the task of preventing ignition of an explosive gas mixture even in the event that the vacuum interrupter fails due to an overload or a leak and therefore a significantly larger amount of heat is released than is the case with a normal switching operation.
  • the encapsulation is also exposed to considerable pressure from the inside because metal parts of the interrupter can be melted and evaporated under the influence of the fault current.
  • a thermal insulating layer is arranged between the winding body and the wall of the switching tube.
  • Such an insulating layer can consist of one of the known mineral or organic materials with the required properties.
  • a thermal insulation layer which is formed from molded pieces of an insulation material. This is the easiest way to ensure that the same layer thickness is present on the entire circumference of the vacuum interrupter. Good handling in the manufacture of a vacuum interrupter according to the invention can be achieved in particular in that the shaped pieces mentioned are designed as half-shells adapted to the contour of the vacuum interrupter.
  • thermal insulation layer As already mentioned, different mineral and organic materials come into consideration for the thermal insulation layer. It has been shown that good electrical and thermal insulating properties can be achieved by an insulating layer made of ceramic felt. Certain plastic fibers are also suitable. For example, an insulating layer consisting of aramid fibers (trade name "Kevlar”) can be used with good success.
  • Kevlar aramid fibers
  • the thermal insulation layer can be designed as a composite body made of heat-resistant and low-thermal conductivity particles and a hardened synthetic resin. Such an insulating layer proves to be sufficient in thermal terms and is at the same time insensitive to exposure to moisture.
  • An additional metal cap already provided in the known encapsulation mentioned at the outset which is provided as a reinforcement of a metal cylinder of the switching tube, can also be used advantageously within the scope of the invention. This can be done most favorably in such a way that the thermal insulation layer is arranged surrounding this additional metal part. It is advisable to provide an additional metal part not only in the area of a middle switching chamber of a vacuum interrupter, but also in the area of the end-side metal flanges, since increased thermal stress can also occur here.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vacuum interrupter in a longitudinal section
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 represent thermal insulation layers designed as half-shells.
  • the vacuum interrupter 1 shown in FIG. 1 belongs to the type which has a central interrupter 2 made of metal, which at the same time forms a vapor screen.
  • the switching contacts 3 and 4 shown in FIG. 1 in the closed state of which the switching contact 3 can be moved along the double arrow 6 for switching on and off by means of a carrier bolt 5 which is freely accessible at one end of the switching tube.
  • a bellows 7 is used in a known manner to allow this mobility of the support bolt while maintaining the vacuum inside the switching tube.
  • the lower switching contact 4 is arranged in a fixed manner with the aid of a further carrier bolt 10.
  • the hollow metal chamber 2 is followed on both sides by ceramic hollow bodies 11 and 12, respectively, which form the insulation between the connection points of the switching tube.
  • metal caps 14 and 15 are placed on end parts 8 and 9 of the interrupter 1, which can be made, for example, of sheet copper or sheet brass.
  • a similar cap or sleeve 16 surrounds the middle switching chamber 2 of the switching tube 1.
  • the metal parts 14, 15 and 16 have the task of preventing the surface from heating up too quickly due to their additional heat capacity in the event of a fault.
  • the thermal stress can result from an undetected arc or from molten metal formed under its influence.
  • a continuous insulating layer 17 made of ceramic felt is applied to the remaining surface sections of the switching tube and the metal parts mentioned, which forms an effective thermal insulation on the entire surface of the switching tube.
  • the resulting contour is rounded off by inserts 20 and 21 made of insulating material on both sides of the switching chamber 2 in the manner described in the above-mentioned DE-GM 85 08 473.
  • the outer part of the encapsulation 13 in turn forms a winding body 22 made of threads or tapes impregnated with synthetic resin.
  • End plates 23 and 24 made of solid insulating material are provided on the end faces in order to give the winding body smooth end faces and to seal it and the thermal insulating layer from the environment.
  • the ceramic felt layer serving as thermal insulation can be used in the same way in the same way for vacuum interrupters with a different shape, in particular for those which have a continuous cylindrical housing.
  • This housing design can be found, for example, in DE-A-35 07 949.
  • the use of metal caps 14 and 15 on the end faces is also recommended here.
  • a middle metal flange can be used in the same way in the case of such a switching tube by means of a sleeve made of a good heat conductor Metal, e.g. B. copper or brass.
  • Ceramic felt another suitable material can also be used as thermal insulation. Good results can be achieved in particular with layers made of aramid fibers (trade name "Kevlar").
  • FIG. 2 shows a half-shell as part of the thermal insulation layer described.
  • the complete insulating layer is formed by joining two identical half-shells 25 together.
  • the half-shell 25 is modeled on the contour of the vacuum interrupter according to FIG. 1, so that the two half-shells 25 to be used lie closely against the surface of the vacuum interrupter.
  • the upper and lower end parts of the half-shell 25 are tapered, in contrast to the step-shaped shape shown in FIG. 1.
  • the half-shell 25 consists of a pressed ceramic felt material, which has a certain porosity and can therefore absorb moisture.
  • the half-shell 25 is completely or locally impregnated with a synthetic resin which reduces or eliminates the porosity.
  • the impregnation can be carried out, for example, on the half shell produced as an individual part or immediately before the winding body 22 is applied in FIG.
  • the half-shells can also be bonded to the insulating bodies of the vacuum interrupter 1, which is favorable for the dielectric properties of the arrangement.
  • What is important is the impregnation of the cylindrical sections 26 and 27 intended for contact with the insulating bodies 11, 12, since increased dielectric stress occurs here.
  • the insulating layer or half-shell 25 is thus to be regarded as a composite body made of heat-resistant and poorly heat-conducting particles and a binder.
  • the half-shell 30 shown in FIG. 3 corresponds essentially in shape to the half-shell 25 in FIG. 2.
  • the design is different without conical or stepped end parts, as this may be sufficient if the vacuum interrupter 1 is thermally less stressed at the ends .
  • a bulge 32 is shown, which serves to receive a pump stem, which is usually provided on vacuum interrupters.
  • the space required for the pump stem is created by joining two mirror-image half-shells 30.
  • a remaining cavity can also be filled with a heat-insulating filler material, for example the ceramic felt material used to manufacture the half-shells.
  • the half-shell 30 is equipped to withstand moisture only in the region of the ends of the upper cylindrical part 33 and the lower cylindrical part 34.
  • An impregnating agent 35 is indicated by a dotted representation of the surfaces in question. This protects the parts of the thermal insulating layer which are in contact with the ceramic insulating bodies 11 and 12 (FIG. 1), where the highest electrical field strength occurs during operation.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
EP88730117A 1987-05-27 1988-05-16 Interrupteur à vide avec une enveloppe Ceased EP0293323A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8707671 1987-05-27
DE8707671U 1987-05-27
DE8709706U DE8709706U1 (de) 1987-05-27 1987-07-10 Vakuumschaltröhre mit einer Kapselung
DE8709706U 1987-07-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0293323A1 true EP0293323A1 (fr) 1988-11-30

Family

ID=25951821

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88730117A Ceased EP0293323A1 (fr) 1987-05-27 1988-05-16 Interrupteur à vide avec une enveloppe

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0293323A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1014753B (fr)
DE (1) DE8709706U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018220928A1 (de) 2018-12-04 2020-06-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verbesserung der Oberflächeneigenschaften von Kontaktwerkstoffen

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101142725B (zh) * 2005-03-03 2013-07-17 赫尔穆特·斯帕思 电气与电子应用电缆、导体与布线的保护机壳和成套组件
CN103329233B (zh) * 2010-10-01 2016-01-27 Abb技术有限公司 真空断续器和改进真空断续器的电压耐受性的方法
FR2986101B1 (fr) * 2012-01-20 2014-12-26 Alstom Technology Ltd Isolateur en materiau composite destine a contenir une chambre de coupure
JP2016528362A (ja) * 2013-08-22 2016-09-15 ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー 回路遮断器極部分を製造するための方法
CN104037006B (zh) * 2014-06-10 2016-01-20 国家电网公司 一种适用于10kV配电线路柱上开关用绝缘罩
DE102020200753A1 (de) 2020-01-22 2021-07-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschalter
CN113012973A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-22 西安西电开关电气有限公司 一种具有大电流开断能力的隔离开关

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8403264U1 (de) * 1984-02-04 1984-05-10 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Gekapselter Schalter
EP0196503A1 (fr) * 1985-03-21 1986-10-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Boîtier d'interrupteur à vide

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8403264U1 (de) * 1984-02-04 1984-05-10 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Gekapselter Schalter
EP0196503A1 (fr) * 1985-03-21 1986-10-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Boîtier d'interrupteur à vide

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018220928A1 (de) 2018-12-04 2020-06-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verbesserung der Oberflächeneigenschaften von Kontaktwerkstoffen
WO2020114687A1 (fr) 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Amélioration des propriétés de surface de matériaux pour contact

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8709706U1 (de) 1987-09-03
CN1014753B (zh) 1991-11-13
CN88103210A (zh) 1988-12-07

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