EP0290311B1 - Matériau composite fritté pour contact électrique et pastille de contact utilisant ledit matériau - Google Patents
Matériau composite fritté pour contact électrique et pastille de contact utilisant ledit matériau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0290311B1 EP0290311B1 EP88400987A EP88400987A EP0290311B1 EP 0290311 B1 EP0290311 B1 EP 0290311B1 EP 88400987 A EP88400987 A EP 88400987A EP 88400987 A EP88400987 A EP 88400987A EP 0290311 B1 EP0290311 B1 EP 0290311B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- material according
- graphite
- composite material
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
- Y10T428/1291—Next to Co-, Cu-, or Ni-base component
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sintered composite electrical contact material based on copper.
- the subject of the present invention is a cheaper contact material than conventional materials which nevertheless have good characteristics with regard to electrical and thermal conductivity, high resistance to oxidation and erosion, low contact resistance and a low tendency to weld.
- the material according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of 80 to 95% by weight of copper, 2 to 15% by weight of nickel and 2 to 5% by weight of graphite.
- This copper-based material containing graphite and nickel particles, is cheaper than silver and has good electrical and thermal characteristics.
- Copper is used mainly because of its low cost and its good electrical and thermal conductivity.
- Graphite forms with copper a composite material with low mechanical resistance, which minimizes the welding forces.
- graphite combines with oxygen, air or material, to form carbon dioxide, thus limiting the formation of copper oxide.
- it is necessary to limit the graphite content of the material to avoid excessive erosion of the material. this in the presence of an electric arc.
- nickel it contributes, when cold, to reducing the oxidation rate of copper and it forms with copper an alloy having good mechanical resistance. The introduction of nickel makes it possible to achieve a very acceptable compromise between a low contact resistance, therefore a slight heating, moderate erosion and a minimum risk of welding.
- the copper-nickel alloy has a higher resistivity than that of copper, the nickel content cannot exceed a certain value.
- the material according to the invention is produced by the technique of powder metallurgy.
- the powders used are preferably selected from the point of view of their particle size and their purity, metallic or gaseous.
- copper powder of spongy shape is used, with an average diameter of less than 24 ⁇ m, having an oxygen content of less than 2000 ppm and a purity of 99.5% in metallic elements.
- graphite powder in the form of a film is preferably used, the elements of which are approximately 100 ⁇ m long and approximately 20 ⁇ m thick, and the ash content of which is less than 0.2 ppm.
- the purity of the graphite improves the properties of the material.
- the nickel powder used is spheroid in shape and has an average diameter of less than 5 ⁇ m.
- the selected powder mixture is homogenized in conventional kneaders for approximately 4 hours, then it is put into the form of pellets by unit compression, under a pressure of between 1 and 5 t / cm 2.
- the pellets are then sintered in ovens with controlled atmosphere containing from 3 to 100% of hydrogen, from 0 to 5% of carbon dioxide and from 0 to 92% of nitrogen, for durations going from 30 mn to 2h according to the size of the pieces.
- the sintering temperature can vary from 970 ° C to 1030 ° C.
- an electrical contact pad can be formed by the composite material in the manner described above.
- this material can be used to form a contact pad consisting of two superimposed layers.
- the first layer the thickness of which is between 0.1 and 0.5 mm, essentially contains copper
- the second layer consists of the composite copper - nickel - graphite material described above.
- the presence of a first layer of copper makes it possible to make the contact pad brazable on conductive copper supports with a filling coefficient of between 70 and 90%.
- the two layers are then compressed simultaneously to form the contact pad which is then sintered, recompressed and annealed in the manner already described.
- This mixture is compressed, with a first copper layer, under a pressure of approximately 4 t / cm 2 for 20 s and the pellets are placed in an oven containing 100% hydrogen for approximately 1 hour at 1000 ° C. Then the material is recompressed under a pressure of approximately 10 t / cm 2 for 20 s.
- the material thus obtained was tested in electrical endurance on a test machine carrying out 5000 openings under 100A (220V). Two electrical contacts each made of the material thus obtained were arranged opposite. The average contact resistance was 1.3 m ⁇ , the total erosion of the two contacts was 160 mg. The oxygen content within the material was approximately 140 ppm.
- the average resistance was 0.92 m ⁇ , the total erosion of two contacts of 230 mg.
- This mixture is compressed, with a first layer of copper, under a pressure of approximately 4 t / cm 2 for 20 s and the pellets in an oven containing hydrogenated nitrogen (3% hydrogen, 5% carbon dioxide, 92% nitrogen) for about 45 min at 980 ° C. Then it is recompressed under a pressure of approximately 10 t / cm 2 for 20 s.
- the contact pads using the composite material according to the invention can be used in all low voltage devices, circuit breakers, contactors and switches.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
- Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8706286A FR2615046B1 (fr) | 1987-05-04 | 1987-05-04 | Materiau composite fritte pour contact electrique et pastille de contact utilisant ledit materiau |
| FR8706286 | 1987-05-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0290311A1 EP0290311A1 (fr) | 1988-11-09 |
| EP0290311B1 true EP0290311B1 (fr) | 1992-11-04 |
Family
ID=9350761
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88400987A Expired - Lifetime EP0290311B1 (fr) | 1987-05-04 | 1988-04-22 | Matériau composite fritté pour contact électrique et pastille de contact utilisant ledit matériau |
Country Status (10)
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3838461A1 (de) * | 1988-11-12 | 1990-05-23 | Krebsoege Gmbh Sintermetall | Pulvermetallurgischer werkstoff auf kupferbasis und dessen verwendung |
| US5443615A (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1995-08-22 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Molded ceramic articles |
| US5223790A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-06-29 | Metricom, Inc. | Current sensor using current transformer with sintered primary |
| CN1034451C (zh) * | 1992-05-08 | 1997-04-02 | 金明君 | 钎焊开关铜触头制造方法 |
| ES2142747B1 (es) * | 1998-03-05 | 2000-12-16 | Farga Lacambra S A | Cobre poli-microaleado con elevada conductividad electrica y propiedads termicas y mecanicas superiores a las de las aleaciones base cobre convencionales. |
| AUPP773998A0 (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 1999-01-21 | Public Transport Corporation of Victoria | Low resistivity materials with improved wear performance for electrical current transfer and methods for preparing same |
| ES2160473B1 (es) | 1999-02-08 | 2002-06-16 | Farga Lacambra S A | Fabricacion de microaleaciones de cobre. |
| RU2716234C1 (ru) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-03-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-технологический центр углеродных и композиционных материалов" | Способ изготовления электрического контакта и композиционный электрический контакт |
| CN111575527A (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-25 | 河北工业大学 | 一种高分断低压电器用复合触头材料的制备方法 |
| US11798751B2 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-10-24 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Metal contact of a residential circuit breaker including ordered ceramic microparticles |
| CN115948672B (zh) * | 2022-11-22 | 2024-05-31 | 宁波坤铜合金材料有限公司 | 一种铜/碳复合材料及其制备方法和在电接触材料中的应用 |
| CN118207445B (zh) * | 2024-02-06 | 2025-03-07 | 大连交通大学 | 一种CuNiC复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1000651A (en) * | 1961-04-14 | 1965-08-11 | Birmingham Small Arms Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to metal powders |
| DE2057618A1 (de) * | 1970-11-24 | 1972-06-15 | Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco | Metall-Kohlenstoff-Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE2408340A1 (de) * | 1973-02-26 | 1974-08-29 | Crown Controls Corp | Fahrzeug mit einziehbarer abdeckung |
| US4127700A (en) * | 1973-10-12 | 1978-11-28 | G. Rau | Metallic material with additives embedded therein and method for producing the same |
| DE3226648C2 (de) * | 1982-07-16 | 1984-12-06 | Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Heterogenes Wolfram-Legierungspulver |
| FR2568417B1 (fr) * | 1984-07-25 | 1986-11-28 | Lorraine Carbone | Procede de fabrication de contacts electriques et contacts obtenus. |
| US4622269A (en) * | 1985-12-30 | 1986-11-11 | Gte Products Corporation | Electrical contact and process for making the same |
-
1987
- 1987-05-04 FR FR8706286A patent/FR2615046B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-04-22 EP EP88400987A patent/EP0290311B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-22 DE DE8888400987T patent/DE3875649D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-25 US US07/185,980 patent/US4919717A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-27 YU YU85188A patent/YU46107B/sh unknown
- 1988-04-27 JP JP63105366A patent/JPS63293132A/ja active Pending
- 1988-04-29 IN IN277/MAS/88A patent/IN171120B/en unknown
- 1988-05-02 TN TNTNSN88042A patent/TNSN88042A1/fr unknown
- 1988-05-03 PT PT87395A patent/PT87395B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-05-03 CN CN198888102580A patent/CN88102580A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2615046A1 (fr) | 1988-11-10 |
| EP0290311A1 (fr) | 1988-11-09 |
| PT87395A (pt) | 1989-05-31 |
| FR2615046B1 (fr) | 1992-12-31 |
| CN88102580A (zh) | 1988-11-23 |
| YU46107B (sh) | 1992-12-21 |
| IN171120B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-07-25 |
| JPS63293132A (ja) | 1988-11-30 |
| US4919717A (en) | 1990-04-24 |
| YU85188A (en) | 1990-06-30 |
| PT87395B (pt) | 1992-09-30 |
| DE3875649D1 (de) | 1992-12-10 |
| TNSN88042A1 (fr) | 1990-07-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0290311B1 (fr) | Matériau composite fritté pour contact électrique et pastille de contact utilisant ledit matériau | |
| KR100194504B1 (ko) | 은-금속 산화물 복합재료의 제조방법 | |
| US3385677A (en) | Sintered composition material | |
| US4743718A (en) | Electrical contacts for vacuum interrupter devices | |
| CN100432250C (zh) | 一种银氧化锡电触头材料的制备方法 | |
| KR970004578B1 (ko) | 진공회로차단기용 접점재료의 제조방법 | |
| EP0020760B1 (en) | Method of preparing an electrical contact | |
| JPH0377265B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
| RU2087575C1 (ru) | Спеченный композиционный материал | |
| JP2008303428A (ja) | 電気接点材料の製造方法、電気接点材料および温度ヒューズ | |
| EP0155322A1 (en) | Electrode of vacuum breaker | |
| JPH0135914B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
| US3337338A (en) | Tungsten powder bodies infiltrated with copper-titanium bismuth or copper-titanium-tin | |
| GB1574098A (en) | Composite powder for use in manufacturing electrical contacts | |
| US4834939A (en) | Composite silver base electrical contact material | |
| US4874430A (en) | Composite silver base electrical contact material | |
| CN1024860C (zh) | 真空断路器的触头成型材料及其制造方法 | |
| CN100378884C (zh) | 银-氧化物系电接触材料的制造方法及其制品 | |
| CN1232994C (zh) | 铜基复合电接触材料 | |
| CN114457253B (zh) | 一种用于微动开关的银镍-氧化铋材料及其制造方法 | |
| KR910006114B1 (ko) | 진공인터럽터(interrupter)의 전극재료와 그의 제조방법 | |
| JP2557143B2 (ja) | 銀−錫酸化物複合材料の製造方法 | |
| JPH0813065A (ja) | 電気接点用焼結材料及びその製造方法 | |
| JPH09289339A (ja) | 熱電変換材料及びその製法 | |
| US4249944A (en) | Method of making electrical contact material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE ES GB IT LI SE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19890422 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19920116 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE ES GB IT LI SE |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19921104 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19921104 Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19921104 Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19921104 |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3875649 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19921210 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19930205 |
|
| GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 19921104 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19930526 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19930602 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
| 26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: SIEMENS AG Effective date: 19930803 |
|
| RDAC | Information related to revocation of patent modified |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299REVO |
|
| RDAG | Patent revoked |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009271 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: PATENT REVOKED |
|
| 27W | Patent revoked |
Effective date: 19940502 |
|
| R27W | Patent revoked (corrected) |
Effective date: 19940502 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |