EP0285538B1 - Trennwandplatte für Innenaufteilung von Gebäuden, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu ihrer Herstellung - Google Patents
Trennwandplatte für Innenaufteilung von Gebäuden, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu ihrer Herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0285538B1 EP0285538B1 EP88500026A EP88500026A EP0285538B1 EP 0285538 B1 EP0285538 B1 EP 0285538B1 EP 88500026 A EP88500026 A EP 88500026A EP 88500026 A EP88500026 A EP 88500026A EP 0285538 B1 EP0285538 B1 EP 0285538B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- longitudinal
- partition
- panels
- flat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
- B28B7/164—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes for plates, panels, or similar sheet- or disc-shaped articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/002—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material assembled from preformed elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/382—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of concrete or other stone-like substance
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
- E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
Definitions
- This invention relates to a partition-panel constructed from two half-panels and conceived for structuring the interior compartmentation of buildings. It may also be used for backing, as well as suspended or false ceilings. In these latter cases, it is reduced to only one of the two parts.
- interior partition walls dividing buildings on the inside and forming the different rooms and passageways are generally made by successively superimposing bricks, more or less light in weight, mainly of the type commonly known as hollow, laid one by one and joined together by a mortar or cement mix.
- a very slow, laborious procedure is therefore necessary, requiring a certain skill from workers undertaking it so that the partition wall built has the correct qualities as desired.
- the mortar or binding mix must be allowed to dry and set and further supplementary work must be performed afterwards for final finish, such as making chaces required for embedding electricity, water or any other type of utility conduit and finally, the wall has to be plastered with layers of gypsum plaster on both sides, with which it is finished and ready for subsequent painting or decorating.
- One possible material that could be used for panels is vibrated lightweight concrete.
- the lightweight concrete subjected to this treatment includes the air which the mix has absorbed on its own plus that produced by air entraining agents which must be added when a spongy texture with the threefold purpose of lessening weight, increasing heat/sound insulating properties and increasing its volume is desired.
- the air tends to rise to the top of the mix, aided to this effect by the actual vibration itself.
- the result is that whilst the bottom mix surface, in direct contact with the mould's surface, may look quite smooth and flat, the top surface has a rough appearance, with a very large number of tiny holes depending on the distribution of the components, according to weight and grading, and on the air bubbles tending to outcrop on this surface.
- the top surface of the vibrated panel thus made disqualifies it for use as a partition-panel with a finish on both sides. Additionally, under normal vibration operations, it is not possible to give the panel the internal through ducts required for services.
- US-A-38 90 748 describes a structure made of concrete which can be assembled into building modules. After assembling the modules a double structure is produced. Each panel of each module consists of a ribbed slab so that when the modules are assembled together tubular spaces are provided for services. Each slab has a flat side which faces toward the insides of the module and a ribbed side, the ribs being formed between semicircular longitudinal cavities. The slabs are located at 90° to each other by a peg and socket connection system.
- US-A-35 03 165 shows a one piece cement panel with longitudinal ducts prefabricated in the panel.
- One edge of the panel is provided with a trapezoidal fillet whereas the other edge is provided with a similarly shaped recess so that the panels can be joined together, edge to edge.
- DE-U-86 25 477 describes a mould for vibration moulding of concrete which consists of a horizontal bottom plate and vertical side plates. Longitudinal beams with an arcuate surface are located above the bottom, with the arcuate surface directed towards the bottom.
- the device is designed for use on a vibration table.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a partition-panel which fulfills the aforesaid requirements and is provided with a secure effective means of connection to a neighbouring structure or additional panel.
- a further object is to provide a partition panel which is highly fire resistant (up to around 900°) and preferably made in vibrated lightweight concrete which, due to its well known properties, is particularly suited to prefabricated building items.
- a still further object of the invention is to provide a complete panel prefabrication system using such ideal material as vibrated, lightweight concrete for making partition-panels and to overcome the difficulty of achieving a panel with internal ducts penetrating right through the whole length.
- Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a panel with two basic, visible sides completely finished and ready for simply painting or decorating.
- a partition-panel for interior compartmentation of buildings the panel being made of concrete by prefabrication techniques, said panel comprising two contraposed half-panels, each of whose outer side is flat and smooth, the inner side being provided with a succession of longitudinal channels of arch shaped cross-section, the half-panels being bonded together on their inner sides with cement-adhesive in a face to face relationship such that the channels in each half-panel coincide to form longitudinal through ducts in the finished panel, the spaces separating said ducts forming bonding areas or ribs resulting in a solid, compact partition panel characterized in that,
- each half-panel is made of lightweight vibrated concrete having an outer side rendered flat and smooth by its direct contact with the base of a moulding tray 12 and an inner side rendered rough by tiny cavities resulting from the vibration process, each half-panel further comprising a protuberance in the shape of a longitudinal fillet of trapezium shaped cross-section in one of its lateral edges;
- each opposite lateral edge comprises a longitudinal recess having the same cross-section as said protuberance and being of a size suitable for enabling adjacent panels to be fitted together by means of a tongue and groove connection;
- each of two outermost ducts 7 located adjacent opposed lateral side edges of the partition-panel 1 are in contact with their respective outside lateral edge via longitudinal slots 8 of rectangular cross-section, said slots 8 running either the whole length of the partition-panel 1 or intermittently at regular interval therealong.
- the objects of the present invention are also solved by a method for manufacturing a half-panel of a partition panel for interior compartmentation of buildings comprising the steps of:
- each half panel displays one flat, smooth face and a rear surface provided with a succession of longitudinal channels, arch shaped in cross section.
- their respective channels On joining two of these half panels together back to back, their respective channels fully coincide, forming a succession of holes running through the partition-panels's whole length.
- These channels are separated by what become the bonding ribs or areas whereby the two component parts will be bonded together into a solid, compact partition-panel.
- Figure 1 shows a perspective view from one end of a partially cut away panel where its structuring can be clearly seen, as well as part of a like panel attached to its side enabling the tongue and groove joint and assembly method between them both to be seen in details.
- Figure 2 shows a partial cross sectional view of a tray mould for obtaining a half-panel where the special structuring of its side frames can be seen together with that of the grill framework resting on and fitting into them, which forms the rearside channels in each half-plate.
- Figure 3 shows the device for making and vibrating the basic half-panels to be used in forming the partition-panel in question, both schematically and in partial perspective.
- the partition-panel is formed by contraposing two half panels vibrated separately, checking they coincide when brought together and joining them correctly with cement-adhesive on the rough sides resulting from the vibration operations. In this way, they will bond together after the cement-adhesive's setting and a partition-panel will be obtained which, furthermore, demonstrates the advantage of maintaining the typical rigidity of items bonded together, absorbing any possible deformation between them.
- one of their side edges where connection is to be made has a salient in the form of a fillet and the opposite one has a slot or recess.
- These protuberances and recesses are trapezium shaped in cross section and are suitably sized for the salient fillets of one to penetrate the recesses of the next one, forming a groove and tongue joint.
- This joint is improved and strengthened by the longitudinal outer channels of the panels connecting with the outside via respective slots, also longitudinal but rectangular in cross section, located in the actual edges themselves of the panel.
- the slots in each panel facing those in the neighbouring one define a space connecting the aforementioned outer channels of both panels, enabling the ducts and communicating slot to be filled in with a cement, plaster or similar mix which, on setting, becomes a solid panel binder.
- the partition-panel 1 is formed by joining the half-panels 2 and 3, along the ribs or bonding areas 4 which determine the compaction of the unit.
- Each half-panel has a succession of channels 5 along its inside which, when placed opposite each other, form a succession of longitudinal through ducts 6 of which the outer ones 7 are in contact with the outside edge of the panel through the channels or recesses 8 provided to facilitate bonding between panels by means of a fill mix or mortar 9 occupying the slots 8 and the longitudinal outer through ducts 7 in each half-panel.
- This figure likewise shows the longitudinal recesses 10 and protuberances 11 with trapezium shaped cross sections on both side edges of each half-panel. These form the tongue and groove type assembly between two adjacent panels.
- the device for performing the manufacturing process basically comprises an absolutely smooth bottomed, tray type mould, preferably made in formica with a bottom stiffening structure and with their respective perimeter enclosing frames.
- One of the latter's sides facing the lateral edges of the panel has a longitudinally protruding fillet with a trapezium shaped cross section and the other side will have a longitudinal recess with the same cross section.
- the dimensions involved will be as required to form the aforementioned collateral tongue and groove elements between the different panels.
- a framework-grill is laid on the mould's bottom during each half panel's vibrating operations.
- Such grill is formed by a succession of long, narrow, half round members or parallel bars, with the curved surface immersed in the mix to be vibrated, thus making a corresponding succession of channels with an arch shaped cross section in the half-panel which run the whole length of the latter.
- the half round bars of this framework are connected and assembled together to form the grill, by using a suitable number of flat cross strips. These strips are bent over at right angles at their ends which fit and adjust to the mould sides.
- the two outer bars of the framework which shape the longitudinal channels in the partition-panel have side protuberances, integral therewith, in the form of fillets, also longitudinal, flush with the flat side and with the same rectangular cross section, pointing toward the mould's sides.
- the device according to the invention provides for a type of manufacture wherein the rectangular slots located in the partition-panel's edges are not completely continuous lengthwise, but occur only between regularly spaced lengths, to which effect the framework-grill's outer bars will also have rectangular protuberances spaced alternately and regularly thus forming such slots.
- the longitudinal ducts running the inside length of the partition-panel do not reach the end thereof, but are slightly shorter than the panel and centered therein, in which case, on not emerging on its end edges, the panel displays a smooth surface, thus facilitating and improving end-to-end connection between each two panels when necessary.
- the length of the framework bars shaping the said ducts will have to be shortened.
- Figure 2 shows the setting mould where the basic, flat, totally smooth tray 12 which will preform the visible face of the half-panel can be seen, as well as the special arrangement of the sides 13 where a protruding fillet 14 with trapezium shaped cross section can be seen on one side and a longitudinal recess 14′ with the same cross section on the other. These form the tongue and groove elements for joing panels.
- the special arrangement of the framework 15 made up of a series of half round bars, connected and held together by cross strips 16 which are bent over at their ends forming a square 17 for securing the framework 15 onto the mould's sides 13.
- Prolongations in the fashion of fillets 18 with a rectangular cross section can also be seen in this figure. These can be continuous, as seen in the drawing, or be intermittent stretches which, issuing from the lateral bars of the framework 15 and making a single body therewith, form the channels or slots 8 in the lateral edges of the partition-panels.
- Figure 3 shows the panel-making device in a highly schematic way in partial perspective.
- the device mounted on a vibrating table 19 fitted with a vibrator 20 suitably located in an appropriate position, the device transmits vibrations to the tray mould 12 fitted with a bottom stiffening structure 21 where the tongue and groove fillet 14 can be seen on one of its sides 13.
- the positioning of the framework 15 which forms the channels made in the rear of the half-panels can just be made out too.
- the table 19 has conventional means of articulation facilitating the formwork's striking and removal of the panel from the mould.
- the moulding process is as follows:
- the partition-panel consists of two parts bonded together. Therefore, moulding is carried out separately for each half panel. In this process, what is to be the visible face of the half-panel is formed on the smooth bottom of the mould.
- the tray moulds Prior to concrete pouring, the tray moulds are set up in a suitable manner on a conventional vibrating table which transmits the vibrations for a suitable time.
- the bar framework constituting the mould accessory for making the channels required in the top face of the half-panel being formed is fitted beforehand to the sides of the aforesaid tray.
- This framework is secured onto the sides by means of the bent over square ends of the cross strips embracing it.
- This channel shaping framework is removed at the end of the vibrating process when the channels are sufficiently well formed and before the panel's final setting, noticeably facilitating this setting.
- the mix can be poured onto the tray mould before placing the channel forming framework or the latter can be positioned on the tray and pouring can be made through the spaces existing between the bars, with which the due concrete half-panel thickening finish is facilitated.
- the mix is poured into the mould and is spread throughout it. Vibration then begins and lasts for a time which depends on the strength, frequency of vibration and amount of mix. As a guiding example, 125 kg, centrifugal force low frequency vibrating could be used for a 2.60 ⁇ 0.60 ⁇ 0.04 half-panel, with a vibration time of some 70 seconds. So vibration may be performed by an easy combination of the strength-frequency-time magnitudes. This operation must be carried out in order to achieve not the total concrete compaction by extracting all the air bubbles possible, but simply for the latter to rise sufficiently from the bottom of the mould, i.e. from what is established preferably as an average 1 millimetre from the said bottom surface which will become the outside face.
- any kind of suitable, lightweight concrete can be used for making the panels.
- the white cement, type is preferable, since the panel turns out white in colour, plus, because of its good properties, a perlite aggregate to which an air entraining agent will be added to provide internal air bubbles to the effects of lessening weight and increasing insulation properties. Fibre glass or plastic reinforcement may also be added to give the panel greater bending strength in certain cases.
- other types of chemical admixtures can be used in the mix, with different objectives that may be required like, for example, water repellent admixtures, since normal air entraining agents have a physical-mechancial action independent of the chemical reaction.
- each lightweight concrete component will depend on the characteristics of strength, weight, insulation, etc. required to be given to the partition-panel. As an example, and with no limitation as to scope, hereafter a typical compound made of lightweight concrete containing perlite is described.
- a normal process will be used, first pouring the water into a cement mixer, then the air entraining agent and cement, following with the perlite aggregate little by little. The mix is made for about 1-1 1/2 (one and a half) minutes until a hard plastic appearance is obtained. The result is then poured quickly into the mould to prevent possible segregation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Claims (8)
daß jede Halbplatte (2, 3) aus gerütteltem Leichtbeton mit einer Außenseite, die durch ihren direkten Kontakt mit dem Boden einer Gußform (12) flach und glatt gemacht ist, und mit einer Innenseite, die durch winzige von dem Rüttelvorgang resultierende Hohlräume raut gemacht ist, hergestellt ist, wobei jede Halbplatte (2, 3) weiter einen Vorsprung (11) in der Form eines Längssteges mit trapezförmigem Querschnitt in einer ihrer Seitenkanten enthält;
daß jede entgegengesetzte Seitenkante eine Längsausnehmung (10) mit dem gleichen Querschnitt wie der Vorsprung (11) enthält, die eine geeignete Größe aufweist, um benachbarte Platten miteinander mittels einer Nut- und Federverbindung zusammenzufügen;
und daß jeder von zwei äußersten benachbart an entgegengesetzten Seitenkanten der Trennwandplatte (1) befindlichen Durchgängen (7) über Längsschlitze (8) rechteckigen Querschnitts in Kontakt mit der entsprechenden äußeren Seitenkante steht, wobei die Schlitze (8) entweder über die gesamte Länge der Trennwandplatte (1) oder intermittierend in regelmäßigen Intervallen entlang dieser verlaufen.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88500026T ATE64973T1 (de) | 1987-03-20 | 1988-03-15 | Trennwandplatte fuer innenaufteilung von gebaeuden, verfahren und vorrichtung zu ihrer herstellung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES8700786 | 1987-03-20 | ||
ES8700786A ES2003010A6 (es) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Placa-tabique para compartimentacion interior de edificios procedimiento y dispositivo para su fabricacion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0285538A1 EP0285538A1 (de) | 1988-10-05 |
EP0285538B1 true EP0285538B1 (de) | 1991-07-03 |
Family
ID=8250065
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88500026A Expired - Lifetime EP0285538B1 (de) | 1987-03-20 | 1988-03-15 | Trennwandplatte für Innenaufteilung von Gebäuden, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu ihrer Herstellung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0285538B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE64973T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE3863456D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2003010A6 (de) |
GR (1) | GR3002247T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU640477B2 (en) * | 1991-01-07 | 1993-08-26 | Reijo E Uusitalo | Modular wall panel system |
EP0689916A3 (de) * | 1994-07-01 | 1998-02-11 | Spavik, S.A. | Verfahren zum Herstellen von vorgefertigten plattenförmigen Gegenständen |
ES2162528B1 (es) * | 1998-05-14 | 2002-10-01 | Mari Victor Ibanez | Panel aligerado y machihembrado con conducciones para cableado electrico y de fontaneria destinado a la formacion de tabiques interiores y cerramientos exteriores. |
ES2165279B1 (es) * | 1999-06-29 | 2003-10-01 | Martinez Rodr Martinez-Garrido | Panel aligerado para tabiqueria integral y maquina para su construccion. |
WO2010137934A1 (es) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-02 | Garcia Miramontes Fortino | Modulo térmico, anti-acústico y conductor de servicios domésticos en general |
CN109184048A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-11 | 绵阳中正科技有限公司 | 一种用于建筑内部的水泥预混料加肋轻质隔墙及其组装方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1394683A (fr) * | 1964-05-21 | 1965-04-02 | élément mural préfabriqué contenant des canaux de conduite | |
DE1504171A1 (de) * | 1965-01-11 | 1969-08-14 | Guenter Dziuk | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Installationswaenden aus Kunststoffschaumstoff |
US3503165A (en) * | 1967-06-12 | 1970-03-31 | Arrowall Corp | Prefabricated light weight panels of cementitious material |
NL7100454A (de) * | 1971-01-13 | 1972-07-17 | ||
US3890748A (en) * | 1973-06-13 | 1975-06-24 | Miroslav Fencl | Structure of coordinated modular building construction |
DE8625477U1 (de) * | 1986-09-24 | 1986-11-13 | Basaltin Gmbh & Co, 5460 Linz, De |
-
1987
- 1987-03-20 ES ES8700786A patent/ES2003010A6/es not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-03-15 DE DE8888500026T patent/DE3863456D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-15 AT AT88500026T patent/ATE64973T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-15 EP EP88500026A patent/EP0285538B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-07-04 GR GR91400424T patent/GR3002247T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0285538A1 (de) | 1988-10-05 |
ES2003010A6 (es) | 1988-10-01 |
GR3002247T3 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
ATE64973T1 (de) | 1991-07-15 |
DE3863456D1 (de) | 1991-08-08 |
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