EP0020014B1 - Bauelemente und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gebäudes - Google Patents

Bauelemente und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gebäudes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0020014B1
EP0020014B1 EP80301291A EP80301291A EP0020014B1 EP 0020014 B1 EP0020014 B1 EP 0020014B1 EP 80301291 A EP80301291 A EP 80301291A EP 80301291 A EP80301291 A EP 80301291A EP 0020014 B1 EP0020014 B1 EP 0020014B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
sheets
wires
sheet
moulded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80301291A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0020014A2 (de
EP0020014A3 (en
Inventor
Gordon Macdonald Robertson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ROBERTSON'S BUILDING SYSTEM (PvT) Ltd
Original Assignee
ROBERTSON'S BUILDING SYSTEM (PvT) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ROBERTSON'S BUILDING SYSTEM (PvT) Ltd filed Critical ROBERTSON'S BUILDING SYSTEM (PvT) Ltd
Publication of EP0020014A2 publication Critical patent/EP0020014A2/de
Publication of EP0020014A3 publication Critical patent/EP0020014A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0020014B1 publication Critical patent/EP0020014B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to building elements and to a method of constructing a building employing said elements.
  • the walls of buildings are constructed either of bricks or of concrete appropriately restrained during setting by shuttering.
  • skilled labour is equired either to lay the bricks or to assemble the shuttering.
  • the inside surfaces still need to be plastered to produce the desired interior finish.
  • a proposal providing a cavity between the inner and outer wall surfaces is disclosed in DE-U-1899117 where inner and outer blocks are connected together at aligned joints. However, in that arrangement there is no lateral restraint or connection between adjacent blocks.
  • Another such proposal is shown in U.S.-A-1421278 where inner and outer blocks are positioned together to form cavity walling. Reinforcing ties project into the cavity and may be secured to a vertical reinforcing rod by manipulation within the cavity.
  • a building unit comprising two moulded portions having confronting inner surfaces, one or more rebates being formed along each of two opposite side edges of each portion and opening onto the outer surface of the respective portion, characterised in that connecting means are embedded in each portion and project into the said rebates along the side edges of the portions, the connection means of a first building unit being interconnectable with the connection means of a second building unit to connect the two building units together.
  • the walls of a building are constructed with a building panel consisting of two such portions or building sheets spaced apart by suitable spacing means.
  • a building panel forms high quality permanent shuttering for a core material, the outer surfaces of the sheets producing the desired inner and outer surfaces without the need for further plastering or finishing.
  • the use of a building panel in accordance with the invention enables walling to be produced with unskilled labour.
  • a moulded building sheet adapted to be assembled in spaced apart relation with another similar sheet to form a cavity wall wherein the sheet has inner and outer surfaces with two opposite side edges, a rebate being formed in each side edge at the corner where the side edge meets the outer surface of the sheet, characterised in that reinforcing wires project from each of the rebates along the side edges of the sheet whereby when two similar sheets are assembled in side by side relation with their rebates facing outwardly the wires projecting from the other sheet.
  • the invention also includes a method of constructing the walls of a building from moulded building sheets comprising the steps of providing a plurality of building panels by interconnecting the inner surfaces of pairs of building sheets with spacing means, placing the panels in relative juxtaposition so that their side edges are abutting, and twisting together the outwardly facing reinforcing wires projecting into the rebates of one panel with the outwardly facing reinforcing wires projecting into the rebates of an adjacent panel to join adjacent panels to one another.
  • the method includes the additional step of filling the space between the spaced sheets of the panels with core material.
  • a preferred sheet 1 is moulded of cement based material and has inner and outer surfaces 2 and 3 defined by top and bottom edges 4 and side edges 5.
  • the side edges 5 of the sheet 1 are of increased thickness and are moulded with a rebate 6 at the outer surface 3 of the sheet.
  • the rebate 6 is of a width of about 20 mm and a depth approximately equal to the general thickness of the rest of the sheet.
  • the thicker side edges 5, whilst accommodating the rebates 6, also provide structural stability at the edges.
  • the sheet 1 is reinforced with laterally-extending reinforcing wires 7 which project into and beyond the rebates 6 at the side edges 5 of the sheet and which together with the rebates 6 form means for joining sheets together as explained below.
  • the sheet 1 also includes loops 8 which project from the inner surface 2 of the sheet for a purpose also described more fully below.
  • loops 8 are formed by some of the reinforcing wires 7 being bent into a configuration which causes the loops 8 to project outside the plain of the sheet when it is being cast.
  • a building panel 10 consists of two spaced sheets 1, metal ties or spacers 11 being clipped in place between adjacent loops 8 projecting from the confronting inner surfaces of the respective sheets.
  • metal ties or spacers 11 being clipped in place between adjacent loops 8 projecting from the confronting inner surfaces of the respective sheets.
  • the projecting reinforcing wires 7 of the respective sheets are then twisted together in the manner illustrated in figure 2: this holds the wall panels in their relative positions.
  • the inside sheets of the adjacent panels may be tied with the sheets straight and then the sheets 'folded' to the desired angle as shown in figure 5.
  • an inside and outside corner piece 12 or 13 may be used as illustrated in figures 3a and 3b.
  • the space between adjacent sheets can be filled with a suitable core material 14 such as concrete, "no fines" concrete, soil/cement or any other suitable strengthening or, alternatively, insulating material: the thicker side edges of the panels helping to resist any tendency of boxing at the joints between adjacent panels.
  • a suitable core material 14 such as concrete, "no fines" concrete, soil/cement or any other suitable strengthening or, alternatively, insulating material: the thicker side edges of the panels helping to resist any tendency of boxing at the joints between adjacent panels.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a building panel 10 in use where it is supported on a suitable foundation 16 and in turn supports a ceiling structure 17 and tiled roof 18.
  • the ceiling structure may consist of single sheets supported from rafters 18.
  • the flooring 19 suitably may be solid as shown and moulded panels for the windows and doors may be fitted as appropriate as indicated by the window panel 20 shown in figure 4.
  • the sheets 1 have the dual purpose of first forming shuttering for solid core material 14 and then forming internal decoration and external weather proofing.
  • the moulds for the sheets having a size, shape and negative texture to that required of the finished sheet, contain a detachable perimeter frame/s which allow the reinforcing wires to be placed and held in position the required distance from the face of the mould.
  • the wires are woven and pulled taut and the mix suitably cement mortar, i.e. a mixture of cement, sand and water, is poured into the mould to give the required thickness of skin.
  • cement mortar i.e. a mixture of cement, sand and water
  • the sheets can be moulded to form openings in the walls such as windows surrounds, reveals and frames or door architraves, reveals and frames. Water drips, weathering angles, sills, etc. can be incorporated in the moulding as can hinged recesses and locking device plates.
  • the sheets can be moulded to form inside and outside corners at right/obtuse angles.
  • the sheets can be moulded in the form of curves to produce a circular or compound curved wall plan.
  • the sheets can be moulded to form walls the surface of which is an induced curve, e.g. an hyperbolic- perabaloid.
  • the surface of the sheet can have the texture produced by a suitably textured mould for example to simulate brickwork.
  • the surface layer of the sheets may be coloured and include a waterproofing agent.
  • the sheets may be moulded to accommodate "services” such as electrical points, conduits, water and sewerage fittings, pipes, soap holders in bathrooms and kitchens etc. Although it is preferred to provide a single rebate along each side alternatively separate rebates associated with each reinforcing wire may be provided if desired.

Claims (10)

1. Bauelement (10, 20), bestehend aus zwei Formteilen (1) mit gegenüberliegenden Innenseiten (2), wobei eine oder mehrere Fugen (6) längs jeder von zwei entgegengesetzten Seitenkanten (5) jedes Teiles (1) und mit der Öffnung in Richtung zur Außenseite (3) des jeweiligen Teiles (1) vorgesehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in jedes Teil (1) Verbindungsmittel (7) eingebettet sind, die in die genannten Fugen (6) entlang der Seitenkanten (5) der Teile (1) hineinragen, wobei die Verbindungsmittel (7) eines ersten Bauelementes (10, 20) mit den Verbindungsmitteln (7) eines zweiten Bauelementes verbunden werden können, um die beiden Bauelemente zu verbinden.
2. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element (10) ein Wandpaneel ist und aus zwei Formplatten (1) mit gegenüberliegenden Innenseiten (2) besteht, die mit Abstandsmitteln (8, 11) im Abstand zueinander gehalten sind.
3. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Element (20) ein Fenster- oder Türpaneel ist und ein Rahmenteil umfaßt, das um eine Öffnung herum angeordnet ist, die in jedem Formteil ausgebildet ist.
4. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsmittel (7) Verstärkungen in der Form von Drähten (7) aufweisen, die in die entlang der Seitenkanten (5) der Teile (1) verlaufenden Fugen (6) hineinragen, wobei die Verstärkungsdrähte (7) eines Elementes (10, 20) mit den Drähten (7) des anderen Elementes (10, 20) verbunden werden können, um die beiden Elemente zu verbinden.
5. Bauelement nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Vielzahl von Schlaufen (8) vorgesehen sind, die von den gegenüberliegenden Innenseiten (2) der Platten (1) abragen.
6. Bauelement nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsmittel (7) Verstärkungen in der Form von Drähten (7) aufweisen und daß diese Verstärkungsdrähte (7) entsprechend zu Schlaufen (8) geformt sind.
7. Bauelement nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abstandsmittel (8, 11) Bindeglieder (11) aufweisen, die an von den entgegengesetzten Seiten der Formplatten abragenden Schlaufen (8) befestigt sind.
8. Form-Bauplatte, so ausgebildet, daß sie mit einer entsprechenden anderen Platte im Abstand zu dieser zu einer Hohlwand (10, 20) zusammengebaut werden kann, die Innen- und Außenseiten mit zwei entgegengesetzten Seitenkanten besitzt, wobei an jeder Seitenkante (5) an der Ecke, wo die Seitenkante (5) an die Außenseite (3) der Platte (1) stößt, eine Fuge (6) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß von jeder der Fugen (6) entlang der Seitenkanten (5) der Platte (1) Verstärkungsdrähte (7) abragen, so daß dann, wenn zwei entsprechende Piatten (T) Seite an Seite und mit ihren Fugen (6) nach außen gerichtet zusammengesetzt werden, die von einer Platte (1) abragenden Drähte (7) leicht mit den von der anderen Platte (1) abragenden Drähten (7) verbunden werden können.
9. Verfahren zum Aufbau der Wände eines Gebäudes aus Form-Bauplatten gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Baupaneele jeweils durch paarweise an ihren Innenseiten über Abstandsmittel miteinander verbundene Platten gebildet werden, daß diese Paneele so nebeneinander angeordnet werden, daß ihre Seitenkanten aneinander anstoßen und daß die in die Fugen eines Paneeles hineinragenden Verstärkungsdrähte mit den in die Fugen des angrenzenden Paneeles hineinragenden Verstärkungsdrähte verdreht werden, um aneinanderstoßende Paneele miteinander zu verbinden.
10. Verfahren zum Aufbau eines Gebäudes gemäß Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß zusätzlich der Raum zwischen den im Abstand angeordneten Platten der Paneele mit Kernmaterial gefüllt wird, um eine feste Wand zu erzielen.
EP80301291A 1979-04-27 1980-04-22 Bauelemente und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gebäudes Expired EP0020014B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RH8279 1979-04-27
ZW8279 1979-04-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0020014A2 EP0020014A2 (de) 1980-12-10
EP0020014A3 EP0020014A3 (en) 1981-02-18
EP0020014B1 true EP0020014B1 (de) 1983-10-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80301291A Expired EP0020014B1 (de) 1979-04-27 1980-04-22 Bauelemente und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gebäudes

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0020014B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3065129D1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA802528B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4039527C1 (de) * 1990-12-11 1992-06-25 Siemens Matsushita Components Gmbh & Co. Kg, 8000 Muenchen, De

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1421278A (en) * 1920-12-21 1922-06-27 Alfred C Matthews Concrete and like building block or slab
FR986926A (fr) * 1943-12-13 1951-08-07 Mode de construction de bâtiments de toutes sortes et éléments pour sa réalisation
CH313919A (de) * 1953-07-24 1956-05-31 Haeberling Willy Als Schalungsteil bei der Herstellung von Betonmauerwerk dienendes und in das Mauerwerk übergehendes Bauelement
DE1899117U (de) * 1963-09-23 1964-08-20 Josef Roehrl Verlorener schalungssatz.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0020014A2 (de) 1980-12-10
DE3065129D1 (en) 1983-11-10
EP0020014A3 (en) 1981-02-18
ZA802528B (en) 1981-05-27

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