EP0285479B1 - Set for the preparation of building walls - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a set, formed from metallic profiles and suitable fasteners, for preparing the walls of buildings. The profiles (1, 1a) have male (2) and female (3) edges which cooperate, these edges being connected to the web (8) of the corresponding profile by flanges (10, 13) which come closer to each other near the web, being further apart on moving away from the web, in order to come into contact by means of the male and female edges, thus forming a highly rigid caisson-type structure. The fasteners (4) are preferably gripped between the two parts of the flanges (10, 13) which are close together and their end (20) is fitted tightly into the male edge (2). <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to an assembly for making building walls, with invisible fixing from the outside, this assembly comprising at least two profiles whose core is planar as a whole and one of the profiles having a male edge. and the other a female edge, these two edges being intended to cooperate with each other, and at least one fixing element which is inserted between the male and female edges.

• ― une bonne étanchéité due au fait que les extrémités des bords des profilés sont écartées du plan de l'âme, et qu'aucune perforation des profilés n'est nécessaire,
• ― et une bonne qualité esthétique due à l'absence de moyens de fixation visibles de l'extérieur.

We know, from US-A-4269012, an assembly of the type described above, and in which the male edge and the female edge are both connected to the core by a wing approximately perpendicular to the plane of the core. , the male edge being folded inwardly of the profile which carries it and the female edge forming a hook section which receives the male edge. The fixing element comprises a part which comes to be inserted in the small gap which remains between the wings carrying the male edge and the female edge of two adjacent profiles in the assembled state, and the end of the fixing element. comes to engage in the male edge. The advantages of such an assembly are:

• A good seal due to the fact that the ends of the edges of the profiles are spaced from the plane of the core, and that no perforation of the profiles is necessary,
• - and good aesthetic quality due to the absence of fixing means visible from the outside.

The assembly described in this document however has the drawback that the two wings are parallel and at a short distance from each other up to the vicinity of their respective edges. They therefore do not offer great resistance to a force directed perpendicular to their plane and acting in the region of these edges. The edges themselves, once assembled, constitute a kind of hollow beam, but this is of small section, with a section mainly elongated parallel to the plane of the core, and consequently of poor resistance to torsion. This lack of rigidity can be detrimental to sealing and aesthetics.

Another assembly of the above type is known from FR-A-2,057,728, in which one of the sections carries a male edge carried by a plane wing perpendicular to the core, this male edge comprising a part parallel to the '' web of the profile and directed towards its center, connected at right angles to the wing, and followed by a part folded at right angles, that is to say perpendicular to the web and moving away from it . The other profile carries a flat wing perpendicular to the core, identical to that of the first profile. This wing is connected at a right angle to a part parallel to the core and directed towards its center, followed directly by a part perpendicular to the core and deviating from it, then a female edge obtained by three folds successive at right angles in the same direction, so as to constitute an almost closed hollow beam structure, in which are included the male edge of the adjacent profile and the top of a fastening element.

This document does not describe the method of mounting such an assembly, but it is clear from the figures that after a profile and the fixing element have been put in place, the other fixing element cannot be introduced. only by sliding from a longitudinal end of the profile already in place.

The object of the present invention is to provide an assembly of the type indicated in the preamble, and which, while having good resistance to stresses in all directions, with good sealing and good aesthetic quality, can be mounted by prior positioning. a profile and a fixing means, engagement of the male part with the female part of another profile, the webs of the two profiles being oblique to one another, followed by a tilting which amine the souls of the profiles in the same plane.

• l'un des profilés ayant un bord mâle dirigé sensiblement vers le centre de ce profilé et porté par une aile qui écarte ledit bord mâle de l'âme, cette aile étant sensiblement plane et perpendiculaire à l'âme,
• l'autre profilé ayant un bord femelle, susceptible de recevoir ledit bord mâle, et porté par une aile qui écarte ledit bord femelle de l'âme, cette aile comportant une première partie sensiblement plane et perpendiculaire à l'âme, et une seconde partie, également sensiblement plane et perpendiculaire à l'âme, mais plus écartée du plan de l'âme et plus proche du centre du profilé qui la porte que ladite première partie,
• les formes des ailes étant telles que, lorsque le bord mâle est engagé dans le bord femelle, les âmes des deux profilés sont à peu près dans un même plan, et les deux ailes sont parallèles et séparées l'une de l'autre par un faible intervalle sur une première partie desdites ailes proche de l'âme, ladite seconde partie de l'aile qui porte le bord femelle et la partie qui lui fait face de l'aile qui porte le bord mâle constituant des parois d'une structure en forme de poutre creuse,
• l'ensemble comprenant en outre au moins un élément de fixation apte à s'intercaler dans ledit faible intervalle entre les ailes et ayant une faible épaisseur correspondant à cet intervalle, l'élément de fixation venant en outre, à l'état monté, en contact avec le bord mâle, à l'intérieur de ladite structure en forme de poutre creuse,
• caractérisé en ce que la première partie et la seconde partie de l'aile qui porte le bord femelle sont reliées par une partie intermédiaire oblique, qui se dirige vers le centre du profilé qui le porte en s'écartant du plan de son axe;
• en ce que la structure en forme de poutre creuse est limitée par ladite seconde partie, ladite partie intermédiaire et une section de l'aile qui porte le bord mâle,
• et en ce que la structure en forme de poutre creuse a, en section droite, des dimensions du même ordre dans les directions parallèle et perpendiculaire au plan des âmes.

The invention therefore provides an assembly for making building walls, this assembly comprising at least two sections, the core of which is planar as a whole,

• one of the sections having a male edge directed substantially towards the center of this section and carried by a wing which separates said male edge from the core, this wing being substantially planar and perpendicular to the core,
• the other section having a female edge, capable of receiving said male edge, and carried by a wing which separates said female edge from the core, this wing comprising a first part which is substantially flat and perpendicular to the core, and a second part , also substantially planar and perpendicular to the core, but further away from the plane of the core and closer to the center of the profile which carries it than said first part,
• the shapes of the wings being such that, when the male edge is engaged in the female edge, the webs of the two profiles are roughly in the same plane, and the two wings are parallel and separated from one another by a small interval on a first part of said wings close to the core, said second part of the wing which carries the female edge and the part which faces it of the wing which carries the male edge constituting walls of a structure in hollow beam shape,
• the assembly further comprising at least one fixing element capable of being inserted in said small gap between the wings and having a small thickness corresponding to this interval, the fixing element also coming, in the assembled state, in contact with the male edge, inside said hollow beam-like structure,
• characterized in that the first part and the second part of the wing which carries the female edge are connected by an oblique intermediate part which goes towards the center of the profile which carries it away from the plane of its axis;
• in that the hollow beam-like structure is limited by said second part, said part intermediate and a section of the wing which carries the male edge,
• and in that the hollow beam-shaped structure has, in cross section, dimensions of the same order in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the cores.

The invention also provides a method for making building walls using assemblies of the type just described, according to claim 11.

By saying that the dimensions of the hollow beam structure, in cross section, in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the core are of the same order, we mean that these dimensions are in a ratio of between 4: 1 and 1: 4 approximately, preferably between 2: 1 and 1: 3. It is known that the best resistance of a hollow beam corresponds to a ratio of the order of 1: 1.

Advantageously, the fixing element comprises an oblique section which comes to bear on said intermediate part.

This arrangement makes it possible to improve the fixing of the profiles, and to reduce the stresses on the area where the male and female edges cooperate.

Preferably, the end of said oblique section of the fastening element which is furthest from the plane of the core of the profiles is close to the intersection of this oblique part with a perpendicular to it drawn from the end of said fastener which is in contact with the male edge. We thus obtain an easy installation: the male edge being put in place, we engage the female edge around it by tilting the corresponding profile, then we tilt it to bring its soul in the plane of the soul of the other profile.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the male edge comprises, from the wing, a first part parallel to the core and directed towards the center of the profile, and a second part, parallel to the core and directed towards the outside of the profiled, the end of the fixing element being inserted between these two parts, and preferably, the female edge comprises, from the wing, a first part, roughly parallel to the core and directed towards the outside of the profile, of little length nearly equal to the distance between the second parts of the wings carrying the male and female edges, in the assembled state, in a plane parallel to the core, increased by the width of the first part of the male edge, the female edge comprising a second part directed obliquely towards the plane of the core and the center of the profile, the male edge being inserted against said first and second part of the female edge.

A simple construction is thus obtained, as well as good protection of the fastening element, which is well insulated from the outside.

According to particularly advantageous arrangements in the case where it is desired to separate the profiles from the supports, provision is made for the fixing element to comprise a support part on which the web of the profile resting which bears the male edge and / or a part analog on which rests the soul of the profile which carries the female edge. In addition, provision may be made for the fixing element to comprise a part which deviates from the plane of the core of the profiles in the direction opposite to that of the wings, and which terminates in a part for fixing on a support.

Advantageously, in the case of cover walls with a slight slope, to improve the flow of water, provision is made for the first part of the female edge to be slightly inclined relative to the plane of the core. For improved aesthetics, provision may be made to give this part a convex shape, on the roof or in an arcuate section.

• Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une partie de paroi construite avec un ensemble conforme à l'invention.
• Figure 2 est une vue en coupe, à échelle agrandie, des bords des profilés de la paroi de la figure 1.
• Figure 3 montre une variante de la figure 2.
• Figure 4 est une vue en perspective de l'élément de fixation des figures 1 et 2.
• Figure 5 montre une variante de la figure 4.
• Figures 6 à 9 montrent des variantes de la forme du bord femelle de la figure 2.

The invention will now be described in more detail with the aid of practical examples, illustrated with the aid of the drawings, among which:

• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a wall portion constructed with an assembly according to the invention.
• Figure 2 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the edges of the profiles of the wall of Figure 1.
• Figure 3 shows a variant of Figure 2.
• Figure 4 is a perspective view of the fastener of Figures 1 and 2.
• Figure 5 shows a variant of Figure 4.
• Figures 6 to 9 show variants of the shape of the female edge of Figure 2.

Figure 1 shows a series of sections 1, 1a, each having a male edge 2 and a female edge 3. The female edge 3 of the section 1 cooperates with the male edge 2 of the section 1a, to immobilize these two sections one by compared to each other. A fastening element, or clip, 4 secures all of the sections 1 relative to a support structure. In the example described, the support structure is formed from elements of corrugated sheet 5, carried by beams 6.

An insulating layer 7 is interposed between the sections 1, 1a and the corrugated sheet 5.

We will now describe in more detail the male and female edges of the sections 1, 1a, with reference to FIG. 2.

Each section 1, 1a has a core 8 provided with stiffening ribs 9, and bordered on one side by a wing 10, perpendicular to its plane, and which carries the male edge 2 (the two parts of the wing are not separate). The male edge 2 comprises a first part 11, parallel to the plane of the core and directed towards the center of the profile, and a second part 12, parallel to the plane of the core and more spaced from it than the first part 11 , and directed towards the outside of the profile. The two parts 11 and 12 are connected by a rounding, so that there remains a certain space between these two parts, the utility of which will be seen further on.

On the opposite side, the core 8 of the profile is connected to a wing 13, which carries the female edge. This wing 13 comprises a first part 14, perpendicular to the plane of the core and adjacent to it, a second part 15, also perpendicular to the plane of the core but offset from the first part 14 towards the center of the profile. An intermediate part 16, inclined at approximately 45 ° on the plane of the core, that is to say which approaches the center of the profile away from the core, ensures the connection between the first and second parts 14 and 15.

The female edge carried by the wing 13 comprises a first part 17, or covering part, parallel to the core and directed towards the outside of the profile, and a second part 18, inclined at approximately 45 °, it that is to say directed both towards the core and towards the center of the profile, connected to the first part by a rounded of fairly large radius, this radius being in fact equal to the external radius of the rounded which joins the parts 12 and 13 of the male edge.

As can easily be understood, the length of the covering part 17 of the female edge, has a length L which is substantially equal to the sum of the distance D which separates the wing 10 from the part 15 of the wing 13, added of the length L1 of the first part of the male edge. In reality, we must also add, as we will see below, the thickness of the fastener 4.

We will now describe the fastener 4, using FIG. 4.

The fastener 4 is obtained by folding and stamping a piece of thick sheet metal.

One end 20 of the fastener 4 is intended to penetrate into the gap between the first part 11 and the second part 12 of the male edge. Its length is approximately equal to the length L1 of the first part 12 of the male edge. The attachment is extended by a part 21 which forms an approximately 45 ° angle with the end part 20, and which, in the case of FIG. 2, is directed both towards the center of the profile 1 which carries the female edge, and towards the plane of the soul.

This second part joins a third part 22, with which it is approximately perpendicular. This part goes towards the outside of the profile 1, going towards the plane of the core. As shown in Figure 2, this part 22 comes to bear against the intermediate part 16 of the wing which carries the female edge.

A fourth part 23 is substantially perpendicular to the web of the profiles, and of height approximately equal to that of the part 15 of the wing 14 which carries the female profile. The part 23 extends beyond the plane of the core to form a fixing tab 24, the end of which is bent at right angles to form a fixing part 25, pierced with holes 26, --- to fix it on the top of the corrugated sheet 5, with the interposition of a thermal insulation pad 27. Between the part 23 and the part 24, which are in extension of one another, two projections 28 and 29 protrude in opposite directions, one under the section 1a which carries the male edge, the other under the section 1 which carries the female edge. As it is easy to realize in the figure, these two projections were obtained by practicing, in the sheet metal which forms the fastener, a median slot perpendicular to the plane of the core and by bending the sheet metal in two directions opposite on each side of this slot. As can be seen in Figure 2, the two projections 28 and 29 each support the core of the profile under which they are placed. The upper part of the projections 28 and 29 is not parallel to the plane of the core, but slightly oblique, which allows a certain play under the effect of the expansions.

Figure 3 shows a variant form of the fastener.

Under the projections 28 and 29, there is no tab 24, but the fastener is immediately folded again, to be parallel to the core, forming a tab 30, which advances under the section 1 and is intended to be fixed on a support 31. A half-rib 32 of the core 8 is provided, in the vicinity of the wing 13, to form the housing 33 at the head of the fixing screws 34. The core 8 also rests directly on the support, without interposing an insulating element. It will be observed that in FIG. 2, such a housing is also shown, although it is useless. In this way, the same type of profile is adaptable to the two kinds of fasteners shown in Figures 2 and 4 or in Figure 3.

FIG. 4 shows a fixing part 25 of the fastener which, to adapt to the shape of the corrugations of the corrugated sheet 5, is split and folded on the side so as to comprise an oblique part 35. In FIG. 5 , for more robustness, the oblique part 35 is obtained by bending and stamping, without the metal being split.

The fastener according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is, of course, more expensive than that of FIG. 3. On the other hand, it allows the installation of an insulation layer such as layer 7 shown in FIG. 1.

If the assembly according to the invention is intended to form a substantially horizontal cover or with a very slight slope, the slightest deformation of the cover part 17 of the female edge risks causing the presence of standing water, hence an effect not very attractive aesthetic. This can be avoided by using one of the variants shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, where the cover part 17 is inclined relative to the core so as to facilitate the flow of water either towards the center of the profile which the door, or towards the center of the neighboring profile.

A particularly advantageous effect from the aesthetic point of view is that which is provided by the configuration of FIGS. 8 and 9: part 17 curved or on the roof.

For the installation of the successive elements, with reference to FIG. 1, firstly, on the corrugated sheet 5, the insulation layer 7 is put in place, if it is provided, then a profile 1a, of which the male edge is free, the fasteners 4, the end of which 1 enters the male edge 2. Next, a new profile is introduced, placing the male edge 2 of the profile already fixed in its female edge, the new profile 1 being roughly 45 ° from the plane of the web of section 1a. It then suffices to tilt the profile 1 until its core 9 comes in extension of that of the profile 1a. For this operation to be carried out without difficulty, it is necessary that the fold zone A which connects the parts 21 and 22, see FIG. 2, is located in the vicinity of the point of intersection B of the plane of the part 22 with a perpendicular to this plane starting from the center of the rounding which connects the two parts 17 and 18 of the female edge, as can be seen in FIG. 2, where this perpendicular is represented by the line N.

In the case where the fastener has the shape described in Figure 3, the operations are done in exactly the same way.

Claims (11)

1. An assembly for constructing building walls, the assembly comprising at least two profiled sections (1, 1a), of which the web (8) is planar in construction,

one of the profiled sections having a male edge (2) directed generally toward the centre of this profiled section and carried by a wing portion (10) which spaces the said male edge from the web, this wing portion being generally planar and perpendicular to the web,

the other profiled section having a female edge (3), capable of receiving the said male edge, and carried by a wing portion (13) which spaces the said female edge from the web, this wing portion comprising a first part (14) generally planar and perpendicular to the web, and a second part (15), also generally planar and perpendicular to the web, but spaced further from the plane of the web and nearer to the centre of the profiled section which carries it than the said first part (14),

the shapes of the wing portions being such that, when the male edge is engaged in the female edge, the webs of the two profiled sections are in substantially the same plane, and the two wing portions are parallel and separated from each other by a small gap over a first part (10, 14) of the said wing portions near the web, the said second part (15) of the wing portion (13) carrying the female edge and the part which faces it of the wing portion (10) carrying the male edge forming the wall of a structure in the form of a hollow beam,

the assembly further comprising at least one fixing element (4) able to be interposed in the said small gap between the wing portions and having a small thickness corresponding to that gap, the fixing element also being, when assembled, in contact with the male edge, in the interior of the said structure in the form of a hollow beam,

characterised in that the first part (14) and the second part (15) of the wing portion (13) carrying the female edge are joined by an oblique intermediate portion (16), which is directed toward the centre of the profiled section of which it is part as it extends away from the plane of its web;

in that the structure in the form of a hollow beam is defined by the said second part (15), the said intermediate portion (16) and a section of the wing portion (10) carrying the male edge;

and in that the structure in the form of a hollow beam has, in cross section, dimensions of the same order parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the webs.

2. An assembly according to claim 1, characterised in that the fixing element (4) comprises an oblique section (22) which is supported by the said intermediate portion (16).

3. Assembly according to claim 2, characterised in that the end (A) of the said oblique section (22) of the fixing element which is furthest spaced from the plane of the web of the profiled sections, is next to the intersection (B) of this oblique section (22) with a perpendicular (N) to itself drawn from the end of the said fixing element in contact with the male edge.

4. An assembly according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the male edge comprises, starting from the wing portion, a first part (11), parallel to the web and directed toward the centre of the profiled section, and a second part (12), parallel to the web and directed outwards from the profiled section, the end (20) of the fixing element being inserted between these two parts (11, 12).

5. An assembly according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the female edge comprises, starting from the wing portion, a first part (17), almost parallel to the web and extending outwards from the profiled section, of length (L) substantially the same as the space (D) between the second parts of the wing portions carrying the male and female edges, when assembled, in a plane parallel to the web, added to the width (L1) of the first part of the male edge, the female edge comprising a second part (18) directed obliquely toward the plane of the web and the centre of the profiled section, the male edge being inserted between the said first and second parts of the female edge.

6. An assembly according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the fixing element comprises a support part (28) on which is supported the web of the profiled section carrying the male edge.

7. An assembly according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the fixing element comprises a support part (29) on which is supported the web of the profiled section carrying the female edge.

8. An assembly according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the fixing element (4) includes a part (24) which is spaced from the plane of the web of the profiled sections in the direction opposite to that of the wing portions, and which ends in a fixing part (25) on a support.

9. An assembly according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the first part (17) of the female edge is gently inclined relative to the plane of the web.

10. An assembly according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the first part (17) of the female edge is convex in the direction opposite to the web.

11. A method for constructing building walls with the aid of an assembly according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:

― putting in place a profiled section (1a) with its male edge (2) free,

― putting in place the fixing elements (4) so that their ends extend into the free male edge,

― introducing a further profiled section (1) by placing the said male edge (2) in the female edge (3) of this further profiled section, this being at about 45° to the plane of the web of the already fixed profiled section, and

― tilting the further profiled section (1) until its web (9) becomes a continuation of the already fixed profiled section (1a).

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