EP0284209A1 - Infrarotsystem für Ofenbrenner - Google Patents

Infrarotsystem für Ofenbrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0284209A1
EP0284209A1 EP88301584A EP88301584A EP0284209A1 EP 0284209 A1 EP0284209 A1 EP 0284209A1 EP 88301584 A EP88301584 A EP 88301584A EP 88301584 A EP88301584 A EP 88301584A EP 0284209 A1 EP0284209 A1 EP 0284209A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
burner
pyrometer
flue
gas burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88301584A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0284209B1 (de
Inventor
Collin Bruce Paul Mcpherson
Graham Norman Jefferson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto Alcan International Ltd
Original Assignee
Alcan International Ltd Canada
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcan International Ltd Canada filed Critical Alcan International Ltd Canada
Publication of EP0284209A1 publication Critical patent/EP0284209A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0284209B1 publication Critical patent/EP0284209B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/082—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F27D2019/0025—Monitoring the temperature of a part or of an element of the furnace structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/0043—Impulse burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
    • F27M2001/04—Carbon-containing material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a gas burner for a furnace, and more particularly, to a gas burner incorporating a temperature sensing means for the automatic control of a baking furnace.
  • the present invention has particular application to the production of carbon anodes for use in producing aluminum, e.g. for automatically controlling the baking temperature of raw anodes within close tolerances to produce uniformly baked anodes.
  • the production of such carbon anodes has for many years been done in a so-called ring type baking furnace.
  • Such furnaces consist of a honeycomb of rectangular refractory pits in which the carbons are baked, heat being applied to the carbons for preheating and baking, and removed after cooling, by suitable gas flow through flues in the walls of the pits.
  • the pits are arranged in small groups known as sections, and these sections are arranged as a complete system in the form of a ring.
  • the flues are usually built in the longitudinal walls of each pit and are arranged for communication with the flues of adjoining pits.
  • gas preferably cold air
  • enters the flue system adjacent the last of the pits under cooling passes the series of pits under preheating and then the region of the final baking pits where the highest temperature heat, e.g. fire from burners, is injected into the gas stream.
  • each filled pit is subjected to the entire series of steps over a total period of many days.
  • the pits are arranged in sections of several pits each and many sections are disposed for lengthwise alignment of the pits, with the complete structure providing in effect several rows of many endwise successive pits, each with heat exchange gas flues between the rows and along the outside rows.
  • a plurality of temporary baking units can be arranged at any one time in each row and conveniently the fire burner means is arranged as manifolds or burner bridges crossing the array of rows and movable to successive positions along the array.
  • a number of such manifolds may be provided whereby a number of successive baking units can be set up in each row, and parallel such units in several units can simultaneously be advanced, section by section.
  • the automatic controller may vary the fuel supply in order to correct any discrepancies.
  • the fuel supply is usually pulsed into the flue at varying rates depending on the difference between the actual flue temperature and the target.
  • the present state of the art with respect to automatic ring furnace control systems requires an additional set of equipment which must be moved each time the burner system equipment is moved, and must act on information obtained from sensors that are remote from their critical areas of the furnace, i.e. the combustion areas.
  • This information may have been influenced by many variables within the burner system, such as draught condi­tions, heat transfer rates, combustion characteristics, etc., and hence the automatic controller is required to predict these variables in order to properly control the furnace conditions.
  • the present invention in its broadest aspect relates to a gas burner assembly for a furnace comprising a burner tube having an open outer end and an open inner end, with the inner end being adapted to extend through a furnace wall into the interior thereof.
  • Connector means are provided for connecting the burner tube to a fuel supply.
  • An infra-red pyrometer is mounted at the outer end of the burner tube and in axial alignment with the tube such that in use the pyrometer is sighted axially through the burner tube and onto an internal furnace wall.
  • the gas burner assembly of the invention also includes a fuel supply flow controller for the burner and a data processer for receiving temperature signals from the pyrometer and adjusting the flow controller.
  • This flow controller is preferably in the form of a pulsing valve.
  • the present invention uses a simple piece of tubing which merely acts as a duct to transport the fuel, preferably natural gas, into the flue thereby producing a long, lazy flame.
  • the gas is supplied into the flue in pulses, each pulse providing an amount of fuel in excess of the locally available oxygen supply. Due to this lack of oxygen, high flame temperatures are not produced and complete combustion of the gas occurs only after it has travelled some distance along the flue. These factors result in a much more even heating along the flue, so that hot spots adjacent to the burner flame are far less likely to occur.
  • Temperature readings are not taken while the fuel is being combusted, and the fuel flow is interrupted for a short period of time, e.g. about 10 seconds, at regular intervals, e.g. every 4 to 10 minutes, to take brick temperature readings from within the flue.
  • the incoming fuel supply preferably comes into contact with, and hence assists in the cooling of the pyrometer thereby eliminating the need for any special water or air cooling systems.
  • the temperature readings from the infra-red pyrometer are sent to a fully programmable controller of known type where each reading is compared with a preset target value for that stage of the baking process. Any discrepancies between these two values results in a proportional/integral control loop of the controller regulating the fuel supplied to the flue burner via the pulsing valve to counteract the discrepancy.
  • the fuel pulsing is preferably of a low frequency type, providing a compromise between continuous flow and rapid pulsing.
  • An important advantage of the gas burner system of the present invention with an integral infra-red pyrometer is that it eliminates the problem of moving both a burner assembly and the temperature sensor separately and further­more permits the direct measurement of the flue brick temperature in the combustion zone, thereby providing a more accurate and efficient means for controlling the baking process.
  • a furnace wall 10 is shown with a flue 11.
  • a service opening 12 extends from the flue through the furnace wall 10.
  • a burner tube 13 mounted in the service opening 12 is a burner tube 13 in the form of a hollow tube having a nominal bore of about 25 mm.
  • This tube 13 has an inner end portion 14 and an outer end portion 15, with a collar 23 positioned adjacent the furnace wall 10 to cover opening 12.
  • a handle 16 is positioned at the outer portion 15 of tube 13 and above this handle is mounted an infra-red pyrometer 17 within a tubular casing 35.
  • the pyrometer includes an optical lens 18 at the lower end thereof and an annular space 34 is provided between the pyrometer 17 and the tubular case 35 therefor.
  • a connector cable 20 is connected to the upper end of pyrometer 17 via plug 19 and this cable connects to a computer for controlling the system.
  • a gas supply connector tube 22 is connected to each burner tube 13 via coupling 21 and with this arrangement the gas circulates in the annular space 34 around the pyrometer thereby assisting in the cooling of the pyrometer.
  • a series of burner units are arranged in the form of a portable burner bridge as can best be seen from Figures 2, 3 and 4.
  • the gas connector tubes 22 connect to a main gas pipe 25 and the pulsing flow is controlled by pulsing solenoids 27.
  • a connector cable 26 provides control signals to the pulsing solenoids 27 from a microcomputer 29.
  • thermocouples may be provided in the system, e.g. in sockets 31 and these are connected via electrical conduit 32. These thermocouples may be used to monitor pit temperatures between anodes.
  • the flue pressure may also be monitored by the system and for this purpose the system includes a flue pressure transmitter control box 33. This can detect possible hazardous situations, usually as a result of blocked flues, and shut down the burners if the draught falls below a critical value.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
EP88301584A 1987-03-03 1988-02-24 Infrarotsystem für Ofenbrenner Expired - Lifetime EP0284209B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU645/87 1987-03-03
AUPI064587 1987-03-03
AU12300/88A AU595098B2 (en) 1987-03-03 1988-02-25 Infra red burner system for furnaces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0284209A1 true EP0284209A1 (de) 1988-09-28
EP0284209B1 EP0284209B1 (de) 1993-05-12

Family

ID=3772047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88301584A Expired - Lifetime EP0284209B1 (de) 1987-03-03 1988-02-24 Infrarotsystem für Ofenbrenner

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0284209B1 (de)
AU (1) AU595098B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1325966C (de)
DE (1) DE3880867T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2040334T3 (de)
NO (1) NO168136C (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021116344A1 (de) 2021-06-24 2022-12-29 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Beobachtung von Verbrennungsvorgängen sowie Computerprogramprodukt

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2963353A (en) * 1957-06-20 1960-12-06 Texaco Inc Temperature measurement in reactors operating under high temperature and pressure
DE2505335A1 (de) * 1975-02-08 1976-08-19 Manfred Leisenberg Ringofen
US4354828A (en) * 1981-03-18 1982-10-19 Southwire Company Method and apparatus for producing uniformly baked anodes
EP0064609A1 (de) * 1981-05-07 1982-11-17 Bergwerksverband GmbH Vorrichtung zur Messung der Temperaturverteilung entlang der Innenwände der Heizzüge von Verkokungsöfen
US4547145A (en) * 1983-03-09 1985-10-15 Texaco Development Corporation Combination with a high temperature combustion chamber and top burner

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2963353A (en) * 1957-06-20 1960-12-06 Texaco Inc Temperature measurement in reactors operating under high temperature and pressure
DE2505335A1 (de) * 1975-02-08 1976-08-19 Manfred Leisenberg Ringofen
US4354828A (en) * 1981-03-18 1982-10-19 Southwire Company Method and apparatus for producing uniformly baked anodes
EP0064609A1 (de) * 1981-05-07 1982-11-17 Bergwerksverband GmbH Vorrichtung zur Messung der Temperaturverteilung entlang der Innenwände der Heizzüge von Verkokungsöfen
US4547145A (en) * 1983-03-09 1985-10-15 Texaco Development Corporation Combination with a high temperature combustion chamber and top burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0284209B1 (de) 1993-05-12
NO880932D0 (no) 1988-03-02
CA1325966C (en) 1994-01-11
NO168136C (no) 1992-01-15
ES2040334T3 (es) 1993-10-16
NO880932L (no) 1988-09-05
DE3880867T2 (de) 1993-08-26
AU595098B2 (en) 1990-03-22
NO168136B (no) 1991-10-07
DE3880867D1 (de) 1993-06-17
AU1230088A (en) 1988-09-01

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