EP0281446B1 - Procédé et machine pour tricoter des armatures composites - Google Patents

Procédé et machine pour tricoter des armatures composites Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0281446B1
EP0281446B1 EP88400280A EP88400280A EP0281446B1 EP 0281446 B1 EP0281446 B1 EP 0281446B1 EP 88400280 A EP88400280 A EP 88400280A EP 88400280 A EP88400280 A EP 88400280A EP 0281446 B1 EP0281446 B1 EP 0281446B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rods
threads
machine according
sheet
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88400280A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0281446A1 (fr
Inventor
Georges Jean Joseph Cahuzac
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Group SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Group SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Group SAS filed Critical Airbus Group SAS
Priority to AT88400280T priority Critical patent/ATE63763T1/de
Publication of EP0281446A1 publication Critical patent/EP0281446A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0281446B1 publication Critical patent/EP0281446B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
    • D03D41/004—Looms for three-dimensional fabrics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the manufacture of composite reinforcements in son or fibers impregnated with resin and woven in more than two dimensions and it relates more particularly to a new machine for weaving such reinforcements.
  • the Applicant invented an armature having a new texture, described and claimed by French patent application No. 2,610,951 of February 17, 1987 for: Woven armature for composite material.
  • This frame formed of weft threads and warp threads, has a texture formed by a basic pattern constituted by fifteen weft threads R arranged in staggered rows, forming six columns 1 to 6 of two and three threads alternately and at least five lines 1 to 5 perpendicular to said columns and of three wires each, and by six overlapping plies C1 to C6 of at least two parallel warp threads, ie at least twelve threads a, b, c, ...
  • FR-2,395,340 in the name of the applicant describes a machine for weaving in three dimensions a composite reinforcing element comprising a frame formed by a base carrying several vertical guide columns on which horizontal frames are slidably mounted, engaged with rotating lead screws to raise or lower these frames.
  • Trays are rotatably mounted on these frames and are perforated with several circular and radial rows of holes in which are arranged corresponding rows of vertical metal rods which also extend through corresponding rows of holes formed in at least two horizontal discs arranged between the said frames and suspended from the upper frame by means of chains.
  • a knitting device comprising inter alia an annular piece having radial notches in which rods slide, adapted to be able to lift, and a pressure plate comprising a coating with low coefficient of friction.
  • This machine is finally supplemented by a lacing device of known type for replacing the metal rods for supporting the knitted element with threads, as described in FR-2,488,291.
  • the present invention aims to provide a machine for weaving such a frame.
  • the machine comprises a frame formed by a base 1 carrying, according to the example shown, three vertical guide columns 2, between and on which are mounted sliding horizontal frames 3 and 4, from the bottom.
  • each frame 3 and 4 each have radial lugs 5 carrying a roller 6 rolling in contact with the columns 2; in addition each frame has a boss 7 through which extends a freely rotatable splined shaft 8 for a purpose which will be explained later.
  • Each leg 5 of the frame 4 is further provided with a threaded hole crossed by a vertical lead screw 9 on each of which is fixed a pinion 10 with chain meshing with a chain 11 driven by an electric motor 12 with reducer, the shaft 13 carries at its end a toothed disc 14 rotating in front of a sensor 15 ( Figure 3).
  • Each leg 5 of the frame 3 has a hole in which is mounted a nut 16 (of which only one is shown in FIG. 3) which can be blocked and which carries a chain sprocket 17 engaged with a chain 18 with a star path passing over a device blocking 19 secured to the frame 3.
  • the frames 3 and 4 go up or down when the screws 9 turn, the chain 18 being blocked and the nuts 16 being free, and only the frame 3 remains in the same position when the screws 9 turn, the chain 18 being free and the nuts 16 being tight.
  • the frames 3 and 4 carry internal rotary rings 20 and 21 respectively, which each have an external peripheral toothing 22 meshing with a pinion 23 coupled by grooving with the shaft 8 ( Figure 3).
  • the shaft 8 is rotated by an electric motor 27 with a reduction gear, by a chain transmission 28, the motor shaft 27 carrying a toothed disc 29 rotating in front of a sensor 30.
  • the rotary crown 20 of the frame 3 carries a disc 24 having a radial slot in which is disposed a bar 25 which is level with the surface of the disc and is connected to a device of electric vibrators 26 so as to vibrate vertically.
  • the rotary crown 21 of the frame 4 carries a disc 31 having holes 32 aligned in radial and circumferential rows and a central support 33 on which are fixed blades 34 (FIG. 4) extending radially, spaced from the disc 31 by a distance sufficient to allow the passage of a device for supplying replacement wires, not forming part of the invention, adapted to replace rods arranged in the holes 32 with wires, as known per se in machines for weaving in three dimensions of the prior art ( Figure 4), as described in FR-2,488,291.
  • discs 35, 36 comprising rows of holes aligned radially and circumferentially corresponding to the holes 32 of the disc 31, the discs 35 being suspended from the frame 4 by means of a chain and the disc 36 being fixed. on the crown 20 of the frame 3 by means of support 37 ( Figure 2).
  • Flexible rods 38 are arranged in the aligned holes of the stepped discs 31, 35 and 36 and their lower ends rest on the non-perforated disc 24 comprising the vibrating bar 25. These rods represent the weft threads.
  • the arrangement described above is generally similar to that of the three-dimensional armature weaving machine described in FR-2,395,340.
  • the machine comprises at its upper part a knitting device fixed to the top of the columns 2 and designated as a whole by the reference 39 ( Figures 1 and 2).
  • Knitting device
  • the knitting apparatus 39 comprises a frame 40, similar to frames 3 and 4, and carrying a rotary crown 41 comprising radial grooves (FIGS. 2 and 5) in each of which a rod 42 slides freely, these grooves having a depth twice the height of the sticks.
  • the rods 42 have a decreasing thickness towards their end situated towards the center of the crown 41 (FIG. 7) and the grooves of the latter are such that the rods extend between the radial rows of rods 38.
  • the rods 42 At their outer end, the rods 42 have a vertical notch 43, and they are held by means of an annular pressure plate 44 whose lower face has a coating of a material 45 with a low coefficient of friction.
  • the plate 44 has several radial grooves 46 in its upper surface and is fixed in position by radial support lugs 47 fixed themselves on the frame 40; between two of these grooves, the pressure plate 44 has a notch 48 in its outer periphery, to the right of which is mounted a device for recycling rods 42 generally designated by the reference 49 ( Figure 6) fixed by one end on the plate 44 and by its opposite end on the frame 40.
  • This device 49 for recycling the rods 42 comprises a support 50 fixed radially on the periphery of the frame 40 and carrying at its outer end a console 51 adjustable vertically and horizontally on the support 50, by means of two orthogonal slides (not shown) so known.
  • console 51 On the console 51 is fixed one end of a rod 52 on which slides a driving device 53, the opposite end of the rod 52 being fixed on the plate 44 by means of a second console 54 similar to the console 51 and also adjustable vertically and horizontally.
  • a gutter 55 of U-shaped section is arranged parallel to the rod 52, with its opening directed towards the latter.
  • this gutter is disposed slidingly a part 56 fixed on a lug 57 integral with the drive device 53, so that the latter carries with it the part 56 in the gutter when it moves on the rod 52.
  • the gutter 55 is supported on the consoles 51 and 54 by means of jacks 58 so as to be able to move vertically under the action of these a small distance, equal to the height of a rod 42, the arrangement being such that the end of the part 56 in the gutter 55, is located opposite the one of the rods 42 sliding in a groove in the crown 41.
  • the part 56 has one end directed towards the center of the crown 41 and this end has a hook shape complementary to the notch 43 of the rods so as to be able to hang therein (FIG. 5).
  • the device 49 for recycling the rods is completed by a clamp 59 mounted on the console 54 and shown in FIG. 7.
  • This clamp 59 comprises two vertical branches each provided with a roller 60 freely rotatable at their lower end and mounted so as to be able to move away or move closer under the action of a pneumatic cylinder 61 of low power; the clamp 59 is fixed to the console 54 by a bracket 62 so that the gap between the rollers 60 is opposite the end of the part 56.
  • consoles 51 and 54 there are provided on the consoles 51 and 54 sensors 63, 64 for the positions of the drive device 53 and of the gutter 55, respectively, and shock absorbers 65 forming stops to dampen the rapid movements of the device 53.
  • the pneumatic cylinders 58, 61 and the sensors 63, 64 are connected to a connecting member 66 on the support 50 connected to an electronic control device (not shown).
  • the knitting apparatus also comprises means for guiding the rods and for adjusting the diameter of a piece knitted on the machine, shown in FIGS. 8 to 11.
  • These means comprise several radial arms 67 which are slidably mounted in the grooves 46 of the pressure plate 44 and are carried by their external end by actuating devices 68 of the screw and nut type mounted on the periphery of the plate 40 and comprising at their lower part a toothed pinion 69 meshing with a endless chain 70 following a starred path and driven by a motor 71 ( Figure 1).
  • Each radial arm 67 has at its end directed inwards a housing 72 (FIGS. 9 and 10) having a hollow nose 73 in which are mounted vertical legs 74 articulated on two horizontal parallel arms 75 themselves articulated on two vertical links 76, oscillating on fixed axes 77 and forming with these arms a deformable parallelogram by means of a nut 78 and a screw 79 provided with a knurled button 80 on the outside and at the rear of the housing 72, allowing tilt the legs 74 ⁇ 30 ° from the vertical without moving their lower end.
  • a tenth arm 67 differs from the previous ones in that its legs 74 each laterally carry a guide tube 81 through which passes a warp wire 82 (FIG. 10) coming from a supply coil (not shown) situated above of the machine.
  • This tenth arm is located before the notch 48 of the plate 44, that is to say before the recycling device 49 by considering the direction of rotation of the assembly which takes place from right to left according to the arrow F of Figure 6.
  • An eleventh radial arm 67a (FIG. 11) comprises, at the end of its nose 73a, several elongated parallel vertical plates 83 each having a notch 84 in its lower edge and arranged perpendicular to the axis of the arm 67a.
  • the plates 83 like the legs 74, are tiltable by means of the same deformable parallelogram system.
  • each plate 83 has an oblique passage, shown in broken lines at 85 extending from one end of the plate and opening into its upper edge, approximately half of its length and into which a flexible rod 86 slides.
  • a flexible rod 86 slides.
  • the rods 86 extend, after their exit from the passages 85 of the plates 83, successively through the eyes of the legs 74 of the different radial arms and return to the opposite end of the plates 83 on which their end is fixed, for example by soldering .
  • the rods 86 form open horizontal loops located above the radial rods 42 and which can be enlarged or narrowed by a synchronized actuation of the motors 71 and 88, the drum 87 distributing or taking up the necessary lengths according to the case.
  • the arrangement is such that the rods 38 extend between the rods 86 and that the ends of these rods protrude above the rods of a length sufficient to be guided between them when the crowns 20, 21 and 41 and the plates 31, 35 and 36 rotate together, but this height being a little less than the depth of the notches 84.
  • each notch 84 is closed by a needle 90 articulated by its end on the side of the welded end of the rod 86 on a vertical axis 91 rotating in a passage pierced in the thickness of the plate 83 and formed by a branch a crank whose crank pin 92 is engaged in a transverse hole of an axis 93 mounted freely rotatable in a moving part 94 extending parallel to the arm 67a.
  • the movable part 94 is fixed on the rod 95 of a first cylinder whose cylinder 96 is fixed on a fitting 97 itself fixed on the rod 98 of a second cylinder whose cylinder 99 is fixed on a support 100 integral with the lower arm 75 of the deformable parallelogram in the housing 72a. Thanks to this arrangement, the position of the needle 90 is not changed as a result of the inclination of the plates 83.
  • Screws 101 and 102 constitute stops adjustable on the fitting 97 and the support 100 respectively and make it possible to adjust the strokes of the jacks 96 and 99, which are pneumatic jacks controlled by the aforementioned electronic device.
  • the rods 38 are placed in place resting on the disc 24 of the frame 3 and extending through the holes of the different discs and between the rods 42 and the rods 86, and the end of each wire is fixed. chain 82 on the disc 31 of the frame 4 so that the rotation of the latter drives the warp threads.
  • the diameter of the loops formed by the rods 86 is adjusted by means of the motors 71 and 88.
  • the motor 27 rotates the crowns 20, 21 and all of the intermediate discs with the rods 38, and the warp threads 82 are arranged by the guide tubes 81 between the rows of rods 38.
  • a groove in the crown 41 containing a rod 42 is presented in front of the gutter 55 which contains an additional rod 42 attached to the end of the part 56 and is in the high position, the drive device 53 being moved back towards the exterior and the end of the rod 42 being clamped between the rollers 60 of the clamp 59.
  • the motor 27 stops.
  • the device 53 drives the part 56 which pushes the rod 42 contained in the gutter 55 towards the center of the machine and the rollers of the clamp move apart and this rod 42 is housed in the groove of the crown 41 over the rods 42 which is already in this groove above the ply of the warp threads due to the converging shape of its end.
  • the jacks 58 then lower the gutter 55 and the end of the part 56 hangs on the rod 42 located at the bottom of the groove.
  • the device 53 moves back on the rod 52 and drives this rod 42 into the gutter, which the jacks 58 then raise to the high position and the clamp tightens on the end of the rod.
  • This cycle is repeated each time the motor 27 brings a groove in the crown 41 in front of the gutter.
  • the rods 38 advance in the corridors A, B, C, ... delimited by the rods 86, which guide them, and the motor 12 drives the screws 9 to make lower the frame 4 by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the layer of warp threads 82 deposited, this distance corresponding to a given number of turns of the disc 14 in front of the sensor 15.
  • the wire guides 81 deposit the warp threads 82 under the rods, between the circular rows of rods 38 on the rods 42 which are replaced over the wires 82, the one after the other by the device 49 for recycling the rods, between the radial rows thereof.
  • the needles 90 are moved by the jacks 96 and 99 by pivoting around the axes 91 in order to pass the flexible rods 38 of the radial rows from one lane to the other, in the manner a switch by bending them, according to a predetermined sequence, memorized in the electronic device, so as to force the warp threads 82 to be deposited in another corridor during part of the rotation of the assembly, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 14 which shows a rod 38a which has been deflected to pass from lane B into lane A by a needle 90.
  • the sequence of switching and bending of the upper parts of the rods 38 is predetermined so as to obtain the arrangement of the warp threads a, b, c, ... l achieving the texture shown in FIG. 19, in which the rows weft R 2 5 , R 2 3 , R 2 1 from column 2, R 3 4 , R 3 2 from column 3 and R 4 5 , R 4 3 , R 4 1 from column 4, correspond to rods 38 ( Figures 15 to 18).
  • the jamming of the threads 82 relative to the rods 38 is then such that it is then possible to slightly lower the lower frame 3 by actuating the device 19 in order to slightly separate the disc 24 from the lower ends of the rods 38.
  • This disc is then immobilized in rotation and the vibrators 26 are actuated and kept in operation throughout the duration of the weaving of the frame.
  • the frame 4 is then lowered to bring the lower ends of the rods 38 into contact with the disc 24 then, after each complete revolution of the assembly, the frame 4 is lowered by a distance less than the amplitude of the vibrations of the bar 25.
  • the diameter of the loops is adjusted at the desired times formed by the rods by actuating the motor 71, and the angle of the legs 74 and the plates 83 by actuating the buttons 80, as well as the height of the frame 3 by actuating the device 19.
  • the plate 40 carrying the knitting device is mounted fixed at the upper part of the machine.
  • this plate can also be movable in height on the columns 2.
  • the screws 9 are fixed and each frame is then provided with an individual motor.
  • the electronic device can be a computer of any known type, appropriately programmed to control the various organs of the machine according to the necessary sequence.
EP88400280A 1987-02-17 1988-02-08 Procédé et machine pour tricoter des armatures composites Expired - Lifetime EP0281446B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88400280T ATE63763T1 (de) 1987-02-17 1988-02-08 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum stricken zusammengestellter armierungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702013 1987-02-17
FR8702013A FR2610952B1 (fr) 1987-02-17 1987-02-17 Procede et machine pour tricoter des armatures composites

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281446A1 EP0281446A1 (fr) 1988-09-07
EP0281446B1 true EP0281446B1 (fr) 1991-05-22

Family

ID=9348002

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400280A Expired - Lifetime EP0281446B1 (fr) 1987-02-17 1988-02-08 Procédé et machine pour tricoter des armatures composites

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (2) US4805421A (da)
EP (1) EP0281446B1 (da)
JP (1) JPS63295741A (da)
AT (1) ATE63763T1 (da)
CA (2) CA1293388C (da)
DE (1) DE3862876D1 (da)
DK (1) DK164369C (da)
ES (1) ES2022641B3 (da)
FR (1) FR2610952B1 (da)
IE (1) IE60051B1 (da)
NO (1) NO163458C (da)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000522A1 (en) * 1978-01-18 1979-08-09 R Williams Drive system
EP0130972A1 (en) * 1981-10-26 1985-01-16 WALKER, Harold L. Automatic variable speed transmission
US5067549A (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-11-26 General Kinematics Corporation Compaction apparatus and process for compacting sand
FR2664956A1 (fr) * 1990-07-23 1992-01-24 Badersbach Monique Variateur continu de vitesse a chaine.
FR2682129B1 (fr) * 1991-10-03 1994-01-07 Aerospatiale Procede et machine pour la realisation d'armatures fibreuses creuses.
US5390707A (en) * 1991-10-03 1995-02-21 Societe Nationale Industrielle Et Aerospatiale Method and a machine for making hollow reinforcing members
US5616175A (en) * 1994-07-22 1997-04-01 Herecules Incorporated 3-D carbon-carbon composites for crystal pulling furnace hardware
FR2753993B1 (fr) * 1996-10-01 1998-11-27 Aerospatiale Structure tubulaire tressee pour piece composite, sa realisation et ses applications
US7446410B2 (en) * 2004-09-03 2008-11-04 Entorian Technologies, Lp Circuit module with thermal casing systems
CN106435960B (zh) * 2016-12-16 2018-01-09 佛山慈慧通达科技有限公司 一种圆锥、圆筒壳体三维织物织机
CN106435961B (zh) * 2016-12-16 2018-01-09 佛山慈慧通达科技有限公司 一种新型圆锥、圆筒立体织机的引纬机构
CN106988009B (zh) * 2017-04-26 2022-10-18 西安工程大学 一种带有打紧和变径机构的三维筒状织机
TWD208194S (zh) * 2019-06-12 2020-11-11 義大利商聖東尼股份公司 紡織機組件

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2227748A5 (en) * 1973-04-25 1974-11-22 Aerospatiale Cast mouldings with three dimensional woven reinforcement - made automatically as hollow cylindrical or conical preforms
FR2395340A1 (fr) * 1977-06-20 1979-01-19 Aerospatiale Procede et machine de tissage tridimensionnel pour la realisation d'armatures tissees de revolutions creuses
US4346741A (en) * 1977-06-20 1982-08-31 Societe Nationale Industrielle Et Aerospatiale Three-dimensional woven articles
FR2488291B1 (fr) * 1980-08-11 1986-04-18 Aerospatiale Procede et appareillage automatique de lacage pour la realisation de pieces a armature tissee multidirectionnelle
FR2529589A1 (fr) * 1982-07-02 1984-01-06 Aerospatiale Armatures creuses de revolution realisees par tissage tridimensionnel, procede et machine de fabrication de telles armatures
EP0113196A1 (en) * 1982-12-01 1984-07-11 Cambridge Consultants Limited Woven tubular structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE60051B1 (en) 1994-05-18
NO880681D0 (no) 1988-02-16
ES2022641B3 (es) 1991-12-01
US4805422A (en) 1989-02-21
FR2610952B1 (fr) 1989-05-05
US4805421A (en) 1989-02-21
FR2610952A1 (fr) 1988-08-19
DE3862876D1 (de) 1991-06-27
IE880367L (en) 1988-08-17
CA1293388C (fr) 1991-12-24
DK164369B (da) 1992-06-15
NO163458B (no) 1990-02-19
ATE63763T1 (de) 1991-06-15
NO163458C (no) 1990-05-30
DK75988D0 (da) 1988-02-15
CA1294448C (fr) 1992-01-21
JPS63295741A (ja) 1988-12-02
DK164369C (da) 1992-11-02
EP0281446A1 (fr) 1988-09-07
DK75988A (da) 1988-08-18
NO880681L (no) 1988-08-18

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