EP0279709A1 - Projectiles with tandem charges - Google Patents

Projectiles with tandem charges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0279709A1
EP0279709A1 EP88400031A EP88400031A EP0279709A1 EP 0279709 A1 EP0279709 A1 EP 0279709A1 EP 88400031 A EP88400031 A EP 88400031A EP 88400031 A EP88400031 A EP 88400031A EP 0279709 A1 EP0279709 A1 EP 0279709A1
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Prior art keywords
projectile
tandem
head
wire
charge
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EP88400031A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0279709B1 (en
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François Arene
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Societe dEtudes de Realisations et dApplications Techniques SA SERAT
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Societe dEtudes de Realisations et dApplications Techniques SA SERAT
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements made to tandem loads.
  • Such armor plating is capable of considerably degrading the perforating power of anti-tank munitions, in particular that of hollow charges as well as their effects downstream from the main armor.
  • the disorganization of the shaped charge jet can thus be obtained with "light active multilayer shields", characterized by a very low surface mass.
  • tandem load constitutes the display to these active multilayer shields.
  • the front charge initiates active protection and the rear charge, which generally constitutes the main charge of the tandem, is ignited after the end of the active protection "life": ie when the elements of that -this previously initiated are no longer capable of disturbing the effects of the rear charge generally constituted by a hollow charge.
  • the invention relates to a tandem load, intended in particular for attacking armored vehicles and more particularly to those whose protection includes active armor-plating with long life, characterized in that it is formed on the trajectory by two projectiles, each comprising an explosive charge, these two projectiles being joined by a connecting wire so that the rear projectile follows the front projectile.
  • these two projectiles travel their trajectory at speed V and the rear charge can exercise its full effectiveness insofar as it arrives at the target with a delay relative to the front projectile, greater than the "duration of life " ⁇ T of active shields characterizing the threat. It suffices for this that the length L of the connecting wire between charges is greater than the product V. ⁇ T.
  • the head projectile is projected at the exit from the launcher, with an additional initial speed ⁇ Vo compared to the initial speed Vo of the projectile containing the rear charge.
  • the difference in speed between the two mobiles constituted by the front and rear projectiles ensures the unwinding of the connecting wire, the tension of which is ensured by a cruising thruster incorporated in the head projectile containing the front load.
  • the invention is particularly well suited to ballistic systems whose projectiles are not stressed by deterministic load factors.
  • An example of the invention described below how the aerodynamic stability of the head projectile + connecting wire + rear projectile is ensured.
  • the initial projection of the head projectile with the initial speed supplement ⁇ Vo is preferably carried out (this example not being limiting) by expansion of the compressed air, in the nose of the rear projectile , by relative recoil of the head projectile at the start of the shot, under the effect of inertial forces.
  • the apparent elongation of this wire is preferably increased (nonlimiting example) by the stroke of a shock absorber or an arming device attached to one end of said wire.
  • the speed supplement ⁇ Vo of the head projectile is canceled at the end of the unwinding of the connecting wire by passing it through a die which can be linked either to the rear projectile or to the head projectile .
  • the tandem charge is constituted by a head projectile 1 and a rear projectile or main projectile 2 connected by the connecting wire 3 and comprising respectively the charge hollow 4, capable of initiating heavy active pre-armor and the main hollow charge 5 capable of perforating the main armor of the envisaged targets.
  • FIG. 1 shows that, according to this example of the invention, the head projectile 1 and the rear main projectile 2 preferably having its own aerodynamic stability, the tension of the wire 3 confirms this stability so that after damping of disturbances, the set of mobiles 1 and 2 and of wire 3 is characterized by a position aligned in a direction close to aerodynamic speed or speed V relative to the ground and the tangent to the path T.
  • the head projectile 1 is fixed by one or more pins such as 6, in a bore 7 of section s formed in the projectile warhead main 6 on which are organized the warhead and "shoulder" contactors 8 and 9 capable of initiating in a known manner the pyrotechnic chain of the main projectile 2 when the latter strikes the target.
  • FIG. 2 also shows that according to this example of the invention: -
  • the base of the head projectile 1 aminated with a relative recoil movement comes into contact of the stop (s) 10 at the distance x m from the bottom of the bore 7.
  • the abutment (s) 10 are preferably adjusted (not limiting) so that the air pressure Pm behind the head projectile 1 in abutment, corresponds to the balance of the inertia forces caused by the head projectile when it passes through the mouth of the launcher under acceleration ⁇ G.
  • the tension of the wire 3 at the end of the unwinding is limited by an apparent increase in the elongation of the said wire by addition to this elongation of the stroke of a shock absorber or a safety and arming device (DSA) 11 of a pyrotechnic rocket, attached to one end of said wire.
  • DSA safety and arming device
  • the speed supplement ⁇ Vo of the head projectile is canceled at the end of the unwinding of the connecting wire 3 by passing it through a linked die 17 either to the rear projectile 2, or again to the head projectile 1.
  • the wire 3 is therefore placed at the start on either side of the die 17 and the work corresponding to the cancellation of ⁇ Vo is significantly less than that which would correspond to the passage in said die of the entire length of said wire initially located upstream of it.
  • the connecting wire 3 is made of polyamide plastic, for example.
  • the head projectile 12 contains the main charge and it constitutes the main projectile, It has at the rear a bore 13 in which the connecting wire 3 is coiled and the nose of the rear projectile 14 is fixed until the start of the shot by one or more pins 15.
  • the choice of ⁇ Vo, the adjustment of the pressure Pm as well as air heights x m and x o are preferably defined as for the first embodiment of the invention described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

Tandem charge intended for attacking tanks, especially those on which the projection comprises active long-life prearmouring, characterised in that it consists, on its trajectory, of two separate projectiles (1, 2) connected by means of a junction wire (3) and each containing an explosive-effect charge (4, 5), in such a way that the rear projectile follows the front projectile. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne des perfectionnements apportés aux charges tandem.The present invention relates to improvements made to tandem loads.

On sait que la protection des blindés a fait des progrès très importants au cours des dernières années, en particulier avec l'apparition des blindages multicouches actifs en amont du blindage principal.It is known that the protection of armored vehicles has made very significant progress in recent years, in particular with the appearance of active multilayer armor upstream of the main armor.

De tels blindages sont capables de dégrader dans des proportions considérables le pouvoir perforant des munitions antichars, notamment celui des charges creuses ainsi que leurs effets en aval du blindage principal. La désorganisation du jet de charge creuse peut ainsi être obtenue avec les "blindages multicouches actifs légers", caractérisés par une très faible masse surfacique.Such armor plating is capable of considerably degrading the perforating power of anti-tank munitions, in particular that of hollow charges as well as their effects downstream from the main armor. The disorganization of the shaped charge jet can thus be obtained with "light active multilayer shields", characterized by a very low surface mass.

On sait aussi que la charge tandem constitue la parade à ces blindages multicouches actifs. La charge avant initie la protection active et la charge arrière qui constitue en général la charge principale du tandem, est mise à feu après la fin de la "durée de vie" de la protection active : c'est à dire lorsque les éléments de celle-ci précédemment initiés ne sont plus capables de perturber les effets de la charge arrière généralement constituée par une charge creuse.We also know that the tandem load constitutes the display to these active multilayer shields. The front charge initiates active protection and the rear charge, which generally constitutes the main charge of the tandem, is ignited after the end of the active protection "life": ie when the elements of that -this previously initiated are no longer capable of disturbing the effects of the rear charge generally constituted by a hollow charge.

Le concept d'une telle charge tandem et un premier mode de réalisation sont décrits dans le brevet de la présente titulaire No 75 14 091 déposé le 6 Mai 1975 et publié sous le numéro 2 310 547.The concept of such a tandem-charge and a first embodiment are described in the present patent proprietor No. 75 14 091 filed May 6, 1975 and published under the number 2,310,547.

On assiste aujourd'hui à un renforcement des protections actives, avec notamment l'apparition de "protections actives lourdes" caractérisées par des "durées de vie" nettement plus élevées que celles des protections actives légères.We are witnessing today a strengthening of active protections, with in particular the appearance of "heavy active protections" characterized by "lifetimes" significantly higher than those of light active protections.

Différents moyens ont déjà été proposés, voire développés, pour faire face à cette menace : écartement et interposition d'éléments protecteurs entre charge avant et charge arrière incorporées au même projectile, emploi de fusée de proximité ...Different means have already been proposed, or even developed, to deal with this threat: separation and interposition of protective elements between front load and rear load incorporated in the same projectile, use of proximity rocket ...

A cet égard, les brevets No 83 01 219 et No 86 03 568 déposés par la titulaire le 27 Janvier 1983 et le 13 Mars 1986, illustrent des exemples de réalisation des protections internes entre charge avant et charge arrière.In this regard, Patent No. 83 01 219 and No. 86 03 568 filed by the licensee January 27, 1983 and March 13, 1986, illustrate embodiments of the internal protection load between front and rear load.

Tous les moyens déjà connus pour améliorer l'efficacité de la charge tandem, face aux blindages "actifs à longue durée de vie", sont relativement complexes et encombrants. Ils peuvent donc être supposés mal adaptés aux munitions non guidées. C'est pourquoi la demanderesse qui a une longue expérience de ce type de munitions applique ses connaissances à la présente invention et elle s'est fixé pour objectif de créer une disposition nouvelle de charge tandem, capable d'attaquer les blindés plus modernes même s'ils sont équipés de protections actives à "longue durée de vie", plusieurs millesecondes par exemple, tout en limitant la masse et l'encombrement de ladite charge tandem à un niveau modéré, compatible avec les munitions non guidées à grande diffusion.All the means already known for improving the efficiency of the tandem load, in the face of "active with long life" shields, are relatively complex and bulky. They can therefore be assumed to be ill-suited to unguided ammunition. This is why the plaintiff, who has a long experience of this type of ammunition, applies her knowledge to the present invention and has set herself the objective of creating a new tandem charge arrangement, capable of attacking more modern armored vehicles even 'They are equipped with active protections with "long lifespan", several miles for example, while limiting the mass and size of said tandem charge to a moderate level, compatible with non-guided munitions with wide circulation.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne une charge tandem, destinée notamment à l'attaque des blindés et plus particulièrement à ceux dont la protection comporte des préblindages actifs à longue durée de vie, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée sur trajectoire par deux projectiles, comportant chacun une charge à effets d'explosif, ces deux projectiles étant réunis par un fil de liaison de manière que le projectile arrière suive le projectile avant.To this end, the invention relates to a tandem load, intended in particular for attacking armored vehicles and more particularly to those whose protection includes active armor-plating with long life, characterized in that it is formed on the trajectory by two projectiles, each comprising an explosive charge, these two projectiles being joined by a connecting wire so that the rear projectile follows the front projectile.

Ainsi, et selon l'invention, ces deux projectiles parcourent leur trajectoire à la vitesse V et la charge arrière peut exercer sa pleine efficacité dans la mesure où arrive sur la cible avec un retard par rapport au projectile avant, supérieur à la "durée de vie" ΔT des blindages actifs caractérisant la menace. Il suffit pour cela que la longueur L du fil de liaison entre charges soit supérieure au produit V.ΔT.Thus, and according to the invention, these two projectiles travel their trajectory at speed V and the rear charge can exercise its full effectiveness insofar as it arrives at the target with a delay relative to the front projectile, greater than the "duration of life "ΔT of active shields characterizing the threat. It suffices for this that the length L of the connecting wire between charges is greater than the product V.ΔT.

Toujours selon l'invention, le projectile de tête est projeté en sortie de lanceur, avec un supplément de vitesse initiale ΔVo par rapport à la vitesse initiale Vo du projectile renfermant la charge arrière.Still according to the invention, the head projectile is projected at the exit from the launcher, with an additional initial speed ΔVo compared to the initial speed Vo of the projectile containing the rear charge.

La différence de vitesse entre les deux mobiles que constituent les projectiles avant et arrière assure le déroulement du fil de liaison dont la tension est assurée par un propulseur de croisière incorporé au projectile de tête renfermant la charge avant.The difference in speed between the two mobiles constituted by the front and rear projectiles ensures the unwinding of the connecting wire, the tension of which is ensured by a cruising thruster incorporated in the head projectile containing the front load.

L'invention est particulièrement bien adaptée aux systèmes balistiques dont les projectiles ne sont pas sollicités par des facteurs de charge déterministes. Un exemple de l'invention décrit ci-après comment est assurée la stabilité aérodynamique de l'ensemble projectile de tête + fil de liaison + projectile arrière.The invention is particularly well suited to ballistic systems whose projectiles are not stressed by deterministic load factors. An example of the invention described below how the aerodynamic stability of the head projectile + connecting wire + rear projectile is ensured.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la projection initiale du projectile de tête avec le supplément de vitesse initiale ΔVo est préférentiellement réalisée (cet exemple n'étant pas limitatif) par détente de l'air comprimé, dans l'ogive du projectile arrière, par recul relatif du projectile de tête au départ du coup, sous l'effet des forces d'inertie.According to another characteristic of the invention, the initial projection of the head projectile with the initial speed supplement ΔVo is preferably carried out (this example not being limiting) by expansion of the compressed air, in the nose of the rear projectile , by relative recoil of the head projectile at the start of the shot, under the effect of inertial forces.

Toujours selon l'invention et pour limiter l'effort de tension en fin de déroulement du fil de liaison, l'allongement apparent de ce fil est préférentiellement augmenté (exemple non limitatif) par la course d'un amortisseur ou d'un dispositif d'armement accroché à l'une des extrémités dudit fil.Still according to the invention and to limit the tension force at the end of the unwinding of the connecting wire, the apparent elongation of this wire is preferably increased (nonlimiting example) by the stroke of a shock absorber or an arming device attached to one end of said wire.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, le supplément de vitesse ΔVo du projectile de tête est annulé en fin de déroulement du fil de liaison par passage de celui-ci dans une filière pouvant être liée soit au projectile arrière, soit au projectile de tête.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the speed supplement ΔVo of the head projectile is canceled at the end of the unwinding of the connecting wire by passing it through a die which can be linked either to the rear projectile or to the head projectile .

Cette énumération n'est pas exhaustive et d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de cette invention ressortiront de la description ci-­après qui présente divers exemples de réalisation de charges tandem selon l'invention.This list is not exhaustive and other advantages and characteristics of this invention will emerge from the description below which presents various embodiments of tandem charges according to the invention.

Il est bien précisé qu'il s'agit là uniquement d'exemples et que l'invention peut s'appliquer également sans sortir de son cadre, à tous autres modes de réalisation, formes, proportions, dispositions de construction, applications ...It is clearly stated that these are only examples and that the invention can also be applied without departing from its scope, to all other embodiments, shapes, proportions, construction arrangements, applications ...

Au cours de cette description, on se référera aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • - La figure 1 est une vue générale sur trajectoire de la charge tandem à fil de liaison après déploiement de celui-ci ;
  • - La figure 2 est une vue partielle, illustrant la position initiale du projectile de tête avant départ du coup, dans l'ogive du projectile arrière, selon un premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le projectile arrière constitue le projectile principal ;
  • - La figure 3 est une vue du projectile de tête en fin de déroulement ;
  • - La figure 4 est une vue de la position initiale du culot du projectile de tête sur l'ogive du second projectile, selon un deuxième exemple de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel le projectile de tête constitue le projectile principal ;
  • - La figure 5 est une vue partielle montrant la fillière placée dans le projectile arrière et
  • - La figure 6 est une vue partielle similaire à la figure 5, mais dans laquelle la filière est montée dans le projectile de tête.
During this description, reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a general view on the trajectory of the tandem load with connecting wire after deployment thereof;
  • - Figure 2 is a partial view, illustrating the initial position of the head projectile before the start of the shot, in the warhead of the rear projectile, according to a first embodiment of the invention in which the rear projectile constitutes the main projectile;
  • - Figure 3 is a view of the head projectile at the end of unwinding;
  • - Figure 4 is a view of the initial position of the base of the head projectile on the warhead of the second projectile, according to a second embodiment of the invention in which the head projectile constitutes the main projectile;
  • - Figure 5 is a partial view showing the pad placed in the rear projectile and
  • - Figure 6 is a partial view similar to Figure 5, but in which the die is mounted in the head projectile.

Selon le premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention, illustré par les figures 1 à 3, la charge tandem est constituée par un projectile de tête 1 et un projectile arrière ou projectile principal 2 reliés par le fil de liaison 3 et comportant respectivement la charge creuse 4, capable d'initier des préblindages actifs lourds et la charge creuse principale 5 capable de perforer le blindage principal des cibles envisagées.According to the first embodiment of the invention, illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 3, the tandem charge is constituted by a head projectile 1 and a rear projectile or main projectile 2 connected by the connecting wire 3 and comprising respectively the charge hollow 4, capable of initiating heavy active pre-armor and the main hollow charge 5 capable of perforating the main armor of the envisaged targets.

La figure 1 montre que, selon cet exemple de l'invention, le projectile de tête 1 et le projectile principal arrière 2 ayant préférentiellement une stabilité aérodynamique propre, la tension du fil 3 conforte cette stabilité de telle sorte qu'après amortissement des perturbations, l'ensemble des mobiles 1 et 2 et du fil 3 est caractérisé par une position alignée dans une direction voisine de la vitesse aérodynamique ou de la vitesse V par rapport au sol et de la tangente à la trajectoire T.FIG. 1 shows that, according to this example of the invention, the head projectile 1 and the rear main projectile 2 preferably having its own aerodynamic stability, the tension of the wire 3 confirms this stability so that after damping of disturbances, the set of mobiles 1 and 2 and of wire 3 is characterized by a position aligned in a direction close to aerodynamic speed or speed V relative to the ground and the tangent to the path T.

Toujours selon cet exemple de l'invention et en se référant à la figure 2, on voit que le projectile de tête 1 est fixé par une ou plusieurs goupilles telles que 6, dans un alésage 7 de sections ménagé dans l'ogive du projectile principal 6 sur laquelle sont organisés les contacteurs d'ogive et "d'épaule" 8 et 9 capables d'initier de façon connue la chaîne pyrotechnique du projectile principal 2 lorsque celui-­ci heurte la cible.Still according to this example of the invention and with reference to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the head projectile 1 is fixed by one or more pins such as 6, in a bore 7 of section s formed in the projectile warhead main 6 on which are organized the warhead and "shoulder" contactors 8 and 9 capable of initiating in a known manner the pyrotechnic chain of the main projectile 2 when the latter strikes the target.

De plus la figure 2 montre encore que selon cet exemple de l'invention:
- Le culot du projectile de tête dans sa position initiale avant cisaillement de la goupille 6, correspond à la distance x₀ du fond de l'alésage 7 ;
- Au cours du parcours d'âme et sous l'effet des forces d'inertie dues à l'accélération des projectiles 1 et 2 par le lanceur, le culot du projectile de tête 1 aminé d'un mouvement de recul relatif vient au contact de la ou des butées 10 à la distance xm du fond de l'alésage 7.Furthermore, FIG. 2 also shows that according to this example of the invention:
- The base of the head projectile in its initial position before shearing of the pin 6, corresponds to the distance x₀ from the bottom of the bore 7;
- During the course of the soul and under the effect of the inertial forces due to the acceleration of the projectiles 1 and 2 by the launcher, the base of the head projectile 1 aminated with a relative recoil movement comes into contact of the stop (s) 10 at the distance x m from the bottom of the bore 7.

Selon cet exemple de l'invention, la ou les butées 10 sont réglées préférentiellement (non limitatif) de telle sorte que la pression de l'air Pm derrière le projectile de tête 1 en butée, corresponde à l'équilibre des efforts d'inertie provoqués par le projectile de tête lorsqu'il passe à la bouche du lanceur sous l'accélération ΓG.According to this example of the invention, the abutment (s) 10 are preferably adjusted (not limiting) so that the air pressure Pm behind the head projectile 1 in abutment, corresponds to the balance of the inertia forces caused by the head projectile when it passes through the mouth of the launcher under acceleration ΓG.

On démontre que, si on appelle Po la pression atmosphérique, M et m les masses respectives du projectile principal 2 et du projectile de tête 1 ainsi que γ∼1,4 le coéfficient polytropique de l'air, on a :

Figure imgb0001
dans la réalisation de cet exemple de l'invention, on sait également définir les valeurs de xo et xm pour conférer au projectile de tête 1 le ΔVo recherché, car on démontre que :
Figure imgb0002
 Ce ΔVo est bien entendu choisi de telle sorte que le déroulement s'achève à une distance ΔVo inférieure à la portée minimale ΔVm recherchée par la charge tandem alors que ΔVo est voisine de
Figure imgb0003
 Toujours selon ce premier exemple de l'invention et en se référant à la figure 2, le fil 3 avant déroulement peut naturellement et préférentiellement (non limitatif), être lové dans le fond de l'alésage 7.We prove that, if we call Po the atmospheric pressure, M and m the respective masses of the main projectile 2 and the head projectile 1 as well as γ∼1,4 the polytropic coefficient of air, we have:
Figure imgb0001
 in carrying out this example of the invention, it is also known to define the values of x o and x m in order to give the head projectile 1 the desired ΔVo, since it is demonstrated that:
Figure imgb0002
 This ΔVo is of course chosen so that the unwinding ends at a distance ΔV o less than the minimum range ΔV m sought by the tandem load while ΔV o is close to
Figure imgb0003
 Still according to this first example of the invention and with reference to FIG. 2, the wire 3 before unwinding can naturally and preferably (non-limiting), be coiled in the bottom of the bore 7.

En se référant maintenant à la figure 3 et toujours selon cet exemple de l'invention, la tension du fil 3 en fin de déroulement est limitée par un accroissement apparent de l'allongement dudit fil par addition à cet allongement de la course d'un amortisseur ou encore d'un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement (D.S.A.) 11 de fusée pyrotechnique, accroché à une extrémité dudit fil.Referring now to FIG. 3 and still according to this example of the invention, the tension of the wire 3 at the end of the unwinding is limited by an apparent increase in the elongation of the said wire by addition to this elongation of the stroke of a shock absorber or a safety and arming device (DSA) 11 of a pyrotechnic rocket, attached to one end of said wire.

En se référant également aux figures 5 et 6 et toujours selon cet exemple de l'invention, le supplément de vitesse ΔVo du projectile de tête est annulé en fin de déroulement du fil de liaison 3 par passage de celui-ci dans une filière 17 liée soit au projectile arrière 2, soit encore au projectile de tête 1.Referring also to FIGS. 5 and 6 and still according to this example of the invention, the speed supplement ΔVo of the head projectile is canceled at the end of the unwinding of the connecting wire 3 by passing it through a linked die 17 either to the rear projectile 2, or again to the head projectile 1.

Le fil 3 est donc disposé au départ de part et d'autre de la filière 17 et le travail correspondant à l'annulation de ΔVo est nettement inférieur à celui qui correspondrait au passage dans ladite filière de toute la longueur dudit fil située initialement en amont de celle-ci.The wire 3 is therefore placed at the start on either side of the die 17 and the work corresponding to the cancellation of ΔVo is significantly less than that which would correspond to the passage in said die of the entire length of said wire initially located upstream of it.

Toujours selon cet exemple de l'invention, le fil de liaison 3 est réalisé en matière plastique polyamide par exemple.Still according to this example of the invention, the connecting wire 3 is made of polyamide plastic, for example.

Selon un deuxième exemple de réalisation de l'invention représenté sur la figure 4, le projectile de tête 12 renferme la charge principale et il constitue le projectile principal, Il comporte à l'arrière un alésage 13 dans lequel le fil de liaison 3 est lové et l'ogive du projectile arrière 14 est fixée jusqu'au départ du coup par une ou plusieurs goupilles 15. Selon ce second exemple de l'invention, le choix de ΔVo, le réglage de la pression Pm ainsi que des hauteurs d'air xm et xo sont définis préférentiellement comme pour le premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention décrit ci-dussus.According to a second embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 4, the head projectile 12 contains the main charge and it constitutes the main projectile, It has at the rear a bore 13 in which the connecting wire 3 is coiled and the nose of the rear projectile 14 is fixed until the start of the shot by one or more pins 15. According to this second example of the invention, the choice of ΔVo, the adjustment of the pressure Pm as well as air heights x m and x o are preferably defined as for the first embodiment of the invention described above.

Claims (17)

1- Charge tandem destinée à l'attaque des blindés, notamment ceux dont la protection comporte des préblindages actifs à longue durée de vie, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée sur trajectoire par deux projectiles distincts (1-2 ; 12-14) réunis par un fil de liaison (3) et renfermant chacun une charge à effets d'explosif, de manière que le projectile arrière suive le projectile avant.1- Tandem charge intended for attacking armored vehicles, in particular those whose protection includes active pre-armor with long life, characterized in that it is formed on the trajectory by two separate projectiles (1-2; 12-14) joined by a connecting wire (3) and each containing an explosive charge, so that the rear projectile follows the front projectile. 2- Charge tandem selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, étant donné la vitesse V desdits projectiles, la longueur L du fil (3) est choisie de telle sorte que le rapport L/V soit supérieur à "la durée de vie" ΔT des préblindages envisagés.2- tandem charge according to claim 1, characterized in that, given the speed V of said projectiles, the length L of the wire (3) is chosen so that the ratio L / V is greater than "the lifetime" ΔT of the envisaged pre-shields. 3- Charge tandem selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le projectile de tête (1, 12) est projeté en sortie de lanceur, avec un supplément de vitesse initale ΔVo par rapport à la vitesse initiale Vo du projectile arrière (2, 14) renfermant la charge arrière.3- Tandem charge according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the head projectile (1, 12) is projected at the launcher output, with an additional initial speed ΔVo compared to the initial speed Vo of the projectile rear (2, 14) containing the rear load. 4- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le supplément de vitesse initiale ΔVo est choisi de manière que la valeur de la longueur
Figure imgb0004
 voisine de la portée ΔXo à laquelle le déroulement du fil est achevé, soit inférieure à la portée minimale ΔXm recherchée pour le fontionnement de ladite charge tandem.4- Tandem load according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the initial speed supplement ΔVo is chosen so that the value of the length
Figure imgb0004
 close to the range ΔX o at which the unwinding of the wire is completed, or less than the minimum range ΔX m sought for the operation of said tandem load. 5- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la tension du fil de liaison (3), après déroulement, est maintenue soit en conférant au projectile de tête un meilleur coéfficient balistique que celui du projectile arrière soit en lui incorporant un propulseur de croisière.5- tandem load according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension of the connecting wire (3), after unwinding, is maintained either by giving the head projectile a better ballistic coefficient than that of the rear projectile is incorporating a cruise thruster into it. 6- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le projectile de tête et le projectile arrière présentent préférentiellement une stabilité propre de telle sorte que la tension du fil (3) confère à leur ensemble une stabilité aérodynamique telle qu'après perturbations, cet ensemble tende vers une direction voisine de l'incidence nulle par rapport à la vitesse ou la tangente à la trajectoire (T).6- Tandem charge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the head projectile and the rear projectile preferentially have their own stability so that the tension of the wire (3) gives their assembly aerodynamic stability such that after disturbances, this assembly tends towards a direction close to the zero incidence with respect to the speed or the tangent to the trajectory (T). 7- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le projectile arrière (2) contient la charge principale (5) et constitue le projectile principal.7- Tandem charge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear projectile (2) contains the main charge (5) and constitutes the main projectile. 8- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le projectile de tête contient la charge principale et constitue le projectile principal.8- Tandem charge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the head projectile contains the main charge and constitutes the main projectile. 9- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le supplément de vitesse initiale ΔVo du projectile de tête (1) par rapport au projectile arrière (2) peut être réalisée par compression puis détente de l'air situé derrière son culot dans un alésge (7) situé à l'intérieur ou autour de l'ogive du projectile arrière (2), par recul relatif du projectile de tête en début de lancement, sous l'effet des forces d'inertie puis par projection relative, sous l'effet de la pression de l 'air comprimé et détendu en fin de lancement.9- Tandem charge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the initial speed supplement ΔVo of the head projectile (1) relative to the rear projectile (2) can be produced by compression then expansion of the air located behind its base in a bore (7) located inside or around the warhead of the rear projectile (2), by relative recoil of the head projectile at the start of launch, under the effect of inertial forces then by relative projection, under the effect of compressed air pressure and relaxed at the end of launch. 10- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le projectile de tête (1) est fixé par construction au projectile arrière (2) par une ou plusieurs goupilles (6) cisaillées au départ du coup sous l'effet des forces d'inertie.10- Tandem charge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the head projectile (1) is fixed by construction to the rear projectile (2) by one or more pins (6) sheared from the start under the effect of inertial forces. 11- Charge tandem selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que le volume d'air comprimé derrière le projectile de tête et la hauteur d'air correspondante xo étant déterminés par lesdites goupilles, le volume résiduel et la hauteur d'air correspondante xm sont déterminés par une ou plusieurs butées (10) ménagées sur le projectile arrière vis à vis du colot du projectile de tête.11- Tandem charge according to claim 10, characterized in that the volume of compressed air behind the head projectile and the corresponding air height x o being determined by said pins, the residual volume and the corresponding air height x m are determined by one or more stops (10) formed on the rear projectile with respect to the neck of the head projectile. 12- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'effort de tension sur le fil de liaison (3) en fin de déroulement est limitée par accroissement apparent de l'allongement du fil du fait de l'addition à cet allongement de la course d'un amortisseur ou d'un dispositif d'armement de fusée pyrotechnique (11) accroché à une extrémité dudit fil.12- Tandem load according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tension force on the connecting wire (3) at the end of the unwinding is limited by apparent increase in the elongation of the wire due to the addition to this lengthening of the stroke of a shock absorber or of a pyrotechnic rocket arming device (11) attached to one end of said wire. 13- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que le supplément de vitesse ΔVo du projectile de tête (1) est annulé en fin de déroulement du fil de liaison, par passage de celui-ci dans une filière (17) liée soit au projectile de tête (1) soit un projectile arrière (2).13- Tandem charge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed supplement ΔVo of the head projectile (1) is canceled at the end of the unwinding of the connecting wire, by passing it through a die (17 ) linked either to the head projectile (1) or a rear projectile (2). 14- Charge tandem selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que le travail correspondant à l'annulation de ΔVo est nettement inférieur à celui qui correspondrait au passage dans ladite filière (17) de toute la longueur du fil (3) situé initialement en amont de celle-ci.14- Tandem load according to claim 13, characterized in that the work corresponding to the cancellation of ΔVo is significantly less than that which would correspond to the passage through said die (17) of the entire length of the wire (3) initially located upstream of it. 15- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que le fil de liaison est réalisé en matière plastique telle que notamment polyamide.15- Tandem load according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting wire is made of plastic material such as in particular polyamide. 16- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que la charge de tête et la charge arrière ou l'une des deux sont des charges formées, de préférence des charges creuses.16- Tandem load according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the head load and the rear load or one of the two are formed loads, preferably hollow loads. 17- Charge tandem selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que xo et xm sont choisies préférentiellement de manière que la force de pression de l'air comprimé au culot du projectile de tête en butée arrière corresponde sensiblement à l'équilibre des forces exercées par cette pression avec les forces d'inertie correspondant à l'accélération Γb caractérisant le passage de ce projectile à la bouche du lanceur.17- Tandem charge according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that x o and x m are preferably chosen so that the pressure force of the compressed air at the base of the head projectile in rear abutment corresponds substantially to the balance of the forces exerted by this pressure with the inertial forces corresponding to the acceleration Γb characterizing the passage of this projectile at the mouth of the launcher.
EP88400031A 1987-01-14 1988-01-07 Projectiles with tandem charges Expired - Lifetime EP0279709B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8700319A FR2609542B1 (en) 1987-01-14 1987-01-14 IMPROVEMENTS TO TANDEM HOLLOW LOAD PROJECTILES
FR8700319 1987-01-14

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EP0279709B1 EP0279709B1 (en) 1991-05-15

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DE19758457B3 (en) * 1997-09-24 2015-03-26 Nexter Munitions warhead

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FR2609542A1 (en) 1988-07-15
EP0279709B1 (en) 1991-05-15
DE3862770D1 (en) 1991-06-20
FR2609542B1 (en) 1994-05-06
US4907512A (en) 1990-03-13

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