EP0227126A1 - Combined effect shell - Google Patents

Combined effect shell Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0227126A1
EP0227126A1 EP86201828A EP86201828A EP0227126A1 EP 0227126 A1 EP0227126 A1 EP 0227126A1 EP 86201828 A EP86201828 A EP 86201828A EP 86201828 A EP86201828 A EP 86201828A EP 0227126 A1 EP0227126 A1 EP 0227126A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
combined effect
shoe
shell according
effect shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86201828A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
André Joseph Gabriels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FN Herstal SA
Original Assignee
FN Herstal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE2/60878A external-priority patent/BE903864A/en
Application filed by FN Herstal SA filed Critical FN Herstal SA
Publication of EP0227126A1 publication Critical patent/EP0227126A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/064—Sabots enclosing the rear end of a kinetic energy projectile, i.e. having a closed disk shaped obturator base and petals extending forward from said base
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combined effect shell.
  • APDS Armor Piercing Discarding Sabots
  • detachable sabot shells consisting essentially of an under-calibrated heavy metal core and a sabot which detaches when the shell leaves the barrel.
  • the drawback of this shell is that the target effect is limited to a piercing or piercing / incendiary effect.
  • Multipurpose or PIE Plasma Initiated Explosive shells are also known, in particular shells with combined or multiple effects, of external shape similar to shells classics, without the usual rocket. These projectiles are characterized in that the fragmentation effect is obtained by means of an explosive charge placed behind incendiary charges, this explosive charge being able to detonate without any fusing means and detonating only after a certain delay.
  • An example of such a shell is described in Belgian patent no. 740.309. Another configuration of such a shell is described in Belgian patent no. 856.378.
  • a first advantage of this type of shell is its multiple effect; it presents in particular, at the same time, a perforating, incendiary and explosive effect (fragmentation).
  • Another advantage of this shell lies in the fact that the explosive and incendiary effects are delayed, which favorably influences the effectiveness of the shell especially in the case of shooting against lightly armored vehicles and against aircraft.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a shell having, at the same time, the advantages of the above-mentioned shells with detachable and multipurpose sabot while avoiding the disadvantages.
  • the shell according to the invention has the following advantages for this purpose: - short flight time; - perforating effect; - incendiary effect; - delayed explosive effect; - increased security.
  • Said object is achieved by the combination of a multiple-effect projectile proper and of an element surrounding, at least partially, this projectile, this element consisting of a shoe and a base.
  • the shell as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed by the combination of a multi-effect projectile 1 known per se and an element formed by a plastic shoe 2 at least partially surrounding said projectile and a base 3, also known per se.
  • the projectile 1 for example according to Belgian patent no. 856.378, is trapped over its entire length in said shoe, which is fixed on a base 3, for example made of aluminum.
  • the front part of the shoe 3 is hollowed out in order to form a housing 4 for the rear end of the projectile.
  • a toothed washer is provided between said end of the projectile and the bottom of shoe 2.
  • the shoe 2 has, on its inside, over its entire length, grooves 5, thus producing tear lines 6 allowing, in a known manner, under the influence of external radial forces and at the time of the departure of the cannon shell, butchering of the shoe 2 and, thus, the separation of the base 3 from the projectile 1.
  • the shell according to FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from that of FIGS. 1 and 2 by the fact that the projectile 1, for example according to Belgian patent no. 740.309, is trapped in a shoe 2 provided with external grooves 7 so that the weakened areas or tear lines are located inside the hoof.
  • the projectile for example according to Belgian patent no. 740.309

Abstract

The combined-effect shell is characterised in that it consists essentially of the combination of a multiple-effect projectile (1), more especially a projectile having, simultaneously, a piercing, an incendiary and an explosive effect, and an element surrounding this projectile at least partially, this element consisting of a detachable sabot (2) and a base (3). <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un obus à effets combinés.The invention relates to a combined effect shell.

On connaît déjà des obus à sabot détachable APDS (Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot) consistant substantiellement en un noyau sous-calibré en métal lourd et un sabot qui se dé­tache quand l'obus quitte le canon.Armor Piercing Discarding Sabots (APDS) are already known as detachable sabot shells consisting essentially of an under-calibrated heavy metal core and a sabot which detaches when the shell leaves the barrel.

L'un des grands avantages d'un tel obus est que le temps de vol pour une distance donnée, en comparaison à un obus clas­sique, est plus court en raison de la vitesse initiale plus élevée et du rapport de la masse du noyau par unité de sur­face transversale.One of the great advantages of such a shell is that the flight time for a given distance, compared to a conventional shell, is shorter due to the higher initial speed and the ratio of the mass of the nucleus per unit. cross-sectional area.

Un autre avantage de ces obus se trouve dans leur effet per­forant élevé, ceci par suite du rapport favorable de l'éner­gie disponible par unité de surface transversale du noyau.Another advantage of these shells is found in their high perforating effect, this as a result of the favorable ratio of the energy available per unit of transverse surface of the core.

Toutefois l'inconvénient de cet obus est que l'effet en ci­ble se limite à un effet perforant ou perforant/incendiaire.However, the drawback of this shell is that the target effect is limited to a piercing or piercing / incendiary effect.

On connaît également des obus multipurpose ou PIE (Pyrotech­nically Initiated Explosive), notamment des obus à effets com­binés ou multiples, de forme extérieure semblable aux obus classiques, sans fusée habituelle. Ces projectiles sont caractérisés en ce que l'effet de fragmentation est obtenu par l'intermédiaire d'une charge explosive disposée derrière des charges incendiaires, cette charge explosive pouvant dé­toner sans aucun moyen fusant et ne détonant qu'après un cer­tain retard. Un exemple d'un tel obus est décrit dans le bre­vet belge no 740.309. Une autre configuration d'un tel obus est décrite dans le brevet belge no 856.378.Multipurpose or PIE (Pyrotechnically Initiated Explosive) shells are also known, in particular shells with combined or multiple effects, of external shape similar to shells classics, without the usual rocket. These projectiles are characterized in that the fragmentation effect is obtained by means of an explosive charge placed behind incendiary charges, this explosive charge being able to detonate without any fusing means and detonating only after a certain delay. An example of such a shell is described in Belgian patent no. 740.309. Another configuration of such a shell is described in Belgian patent no. 856.378.

Un premier avantage de ce type d'obus est son effet multiple; il présente notamment, à la fois, un effet perforant, incen­diaire et explosif (fragmentation).A first advantage of this type of shell is its multiple effect; it presents in particular, at the same time, a perforating, incendiary and explosive effect (fragmentation).

Un autre avantage de cet obus se trouve dans le fait que les effets explosif et incendiaire sont retardés, ce qui influence favorablement l'efficacité de l'obus surtout dans le cas du tir contre véhicules légèrement blindés et contre aéronefs.Another advantage of this shell lies in the fact that the explosive and incendiary effects are delayed, which favorably influences the effectiveness of the shell especially in the case of shooting against lightly armored vehicles and against aircraft.

Un autre avantage encore réside dans le fait que le prix de ce type d'obus est relativement réduit en raison de l'absence d'une fusée.Another advantage still lies in the fact that the price of this type of shell is relatively reduced due to the absence of a rocket.

Les inconvénients d'un tel obus multipurpose sont, en ordre principal, que l'obus est relativement lent, c'est-à-dire que la vitesse est la même que celle des obus classiques et qu'il existe, de par sa conception,des problèmes de sécurité, no­tamment qu'il est sensible aux chocs provenant e.a. de l'ali­ mentation des obus dans les canons, des chutes lors des transports et manipulations en général.The disadvantages of such a multipurpose shell are, in main order, that the shell is relatively slow, that is to say that the speed is the same as that of conventional shells and that it exists, by design , security problems, in particular that it is sensitive to shocks from ea of the ali mentions of shells in the cannons, of falls during transport and handling in general.

Le but de l'invention est de fournir un obus présentant, à la fois, les avantages des susdits obus à sabot détachable et multipurpose tout en en écartant les inconvénients.The object of the invention is to provide a shell having, at the same time, the advantages of the above-mentioned shells with detachable and multipurpose sabot while avoiding the disadvantages.

L'obus selon l'invention présente, à cet effet, les avantages suivants:
- temps de vol court;
- effet perforant;
- effet incendiaire;
- effet explosif retardé;
- sécurité accrue.The shell according to the invention has the following advantages for this purpose:
- short flight time;
- perforating effect;
- incendiary effect;
- delayed explosive effect;
- increased security.

Ledit but est atteint par la combinaison d'un projectile à effets multiples proprement dit et d'un élément entourant, au moins partiellement, ce projectile, cet élément étant constitué par un sabot et une base.Said object is achieved by the combination of a multiple-effect projectile proper and of an element surrounding, at least partially, this projectile, this element consisting of a shoe and a base.

Afin de mieux faire ressortir les caractéristiques et avanta­ges de l'invention, deux exemples de mise en oeuvre sont dé­crits ci-après avec référence aux dessins annexés, dans les­quels:

  • la figure 1 représente en coupe longitudinale un obus selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 représente une variante de la figure 1;
  • la figure 4 est une coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3.
In order to better highlight the characteristics and advantages of the invention, two examples of implementation are described below with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 shows in longitudinal section a shell according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a section along the line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a variant of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.

L'obus tel que représenté dans les figures 1 et 2 est consti­tué par la combinaison d'un projectile 1 à effets multiples connu en soi et d'un élément formé par un sabot 2 en matière plastique entourant au moins partiellement ledit projectile et une base 3, également connue en soi.The shell as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed by the combination of a multi-effect projectile 1 known per se and an element formed by a plastic shoe 2 at least partially surrounding said projectile and a base 3, also known per se.

En l'occurrence, le projectile 1, par exemple selon le brevet belge no 856.378, est emprisonné sur toute sa longueur dans ledit sabot, lequel est fixé sur une base 3, par exemple en aluminium.In this case, the projectile 1, for example according to Belgian patent no. 856.378, is trapped over its entire length in said shoe, which is fixed on a base 3, for example made of aluminum.

Dans cette exécution, la partie avant du sabot 3 est creusée afin de former un logement 4 pour l'extrémité arrière du pro­jectile. Une rondelle à dents est prévue entre ladite extré­mité du projectile et le fond du sabot 2.In this embodiment, the front part of the shoe 3 is hollowed out in order to form a housing 4 for the rear end of the projectile. A toothed washer is provided between said end of the projectile and the bottom of shoe 2.

Il est à remarquer que le sabot 2 présente, à l'intérieur, sur toute sa longueur, des rainures 5, réalisant ainsi des lignes de déchirage 6 permettant, d'une manière connue, sous l'influence de forces radiales extérieures et au moment du départ de l'obus du canon, le dépeçage du sa­bot 2 et, ainsi, la séparation de la base 3 du projec­tile 1.It should be noted that the shoe 2 has, on its inside, over its entire length, grooves 5, thus producing tear lines 6 allowing, in a known manner, under the influence of external radial forces and at the time of the departure of the cannon shell, butchering of the shoe 2 and, thus, the separation of the base 3 from the projectile 1.

L'obus selon les figures 3 et 4 se différencie de celui des figures 1 et 2 par le fait que le projectile 1, par exemple selon le brevet belge no 740.309, est emprison­né dans un sabot 2 pourvu de rainures extérieures 7 de manière que les zones affaiblies ou lignes de déchirage se situent à l'intérieur du sabot.The shell according to FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from that of FIGS. 1 and 2 by the fact that the projectile 1, for example according to Belgian patent no. 740.309, is trapped in a shoe 2 provided with external grooves 7 so that the weakened areas or tear lines are located inside the hoof.

Il est évident qu'on obtient ainsi un obus englobant, à la fois, tous les avantages des obus sous-calibrés et mul­tipurpose tout en évitant les inconvénients de tels obus en soi.It is obvious that one thus obtains a shell including, at the same time, all the advantages of the under-calibrated and multipurpose shells while avoiding the disadvantages of such shells in itself.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation susdécrits, de nombreuses modifications pouvant y être apportées, dans le cadre des revendications suivantes.The invention is not limited to the abovementioned exemplary embodiments, numerous modifications that can be made thereto, within the framework of the following claims.

Claims (11)

1.- Obus à effets combinés, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste substantiellement en la combinaison d'un projectile (1) à ef­fets multiples, plus spécialement un projectile présentant, à la fois, un effet perforant, incendiaire et explosif et un élément entourant, au moins partiellement, ce projectile, cet élément étant constitué par un sabot détachable (2) et une base (3).1.- Combined effect shell, characterized in that it consists substantially of the combination of a projectile (1) with multiple effects, more especially a projectile having, at the same time, a perforating, incendiary and explosive effect and an element surrounding, at least partially, this projectile, this element consisting of a detachable shoe (2) and a base (3). 2.- Obus à effets combinés selon la revendication 1, caracté­risé en ce que le projectile (1) est constitué par la com­binaison d'une charge explosive disposée derrière au moins une charge incendiaire, ladite charge explosive pouvant dé­toner sans moyen fusant et ne détonant qu'après un certain retard.2.- combined effect shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile (1) is constituted by the combination of an explosive charge placed behind at least one incendiary charge, said explosive charge being able to detonate without fusing means and not detonating only after a certain delay. 3.- Obus à effets combinés selon la revendication 2, caracté­risé en ce que le projectile (1) est du type tel que décrit dans le brevet belge no 740.309.3.- Combined effects shell according to claim 2, characterized in that the projectile (1) is of the type as described in Belgian patent no. 740.309. 4.- Obus à effets combinés selon la revendication 2, caracté­risé en ce que le projectile (1) est du type tel que décrit dans le brevet belge no 856.378.4.- combined effect shell according to claim 2, characterized in that the projectile (1) is of the type as described in Belgian patent no 856.378. 5.- Obus à effets combinés selon la revendication 1, ca­ractérisé en ce que le sabot (2) est réalisé en une ma­tière plastique.5.- shell with combined effects according to claim 1, characterized in that the shoe (2) is made of a plastic material. 6.- Obus à effets combinés selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le sabot (2) s'étend sur toute ou la plus grande partie de la longueur du projectile (1).6. Combined effect shell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shoe (2) extends over all or most of the length of the projectile (1). 7.- Obus à effets combinés selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la partie arrière du sabot (2) est fixée sur une base (3) présentant, dans sa partie avant, un creux (4) logeant la partie arrière du projectile (1).7. Combined effect shell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear part of the shoe (2) is fixed on a base (3) having, in its front part, a hollow (4) housing the part rear of the projectile (1). 8.- Obus à effets combinés selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le sabot (2) présente des rainures longitudinales (5) (7).8. Combined effect shell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shoe (2) has longitudinal grooves (5) (7). 9.- Obus à effets combinés selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les rainures (5-7) s'éten­dent sur la plus grande partie de la longueur du sabot (2).9. Combined effect shell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves (5-7) extend over the greater part of the length of the shoe (2). 10.- Obus à effets combinés selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les rainures (5) sont situées à l'in­térieur de la coiffe (2).10.- Combined effect shell according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the grooves (5) are located inside the cap (2). 11.- Obus à effets combinés selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les rainures (7) sont situées à l'extérieur du sabot (2).11. Combined effect shell according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the grooves (7) are located outside the shoe (2).
EP86201828A 1985-12-17 1986-10-21 Combined effect shell Withdrawn EP0227126A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2/60878A BE903864A (en) 1985-12-17 1985-12-17 Multiple effect explosive shell - has specified multiple charges and is enclosed by detachable sleeve with grooves and work zones for disintegrating after firing
BE2060878 1985-12-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0227126A1 true EP0227126A1 (en) 1987-07-01

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86201828A Withdrawn EP0227126A1 (en) 1985-12-17 1986-10-21 Combined effect shell

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EP (1) EP0227126A1 (en)
IL (1) IL80443A0 (en)
NO (1) NO865090L (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0531697A2 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-03-17 Raufoss A/S A multipurpose projectile and a method of making it
US10502537B1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-12-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Enhanced terminal performance medium caliber multipurpose traced self-destruct projectile

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3164092A (en) * 1962-11-13 1965-01-05 Remington Arms Co Inc Ammunition sabot
BE740309A (en) * 1969-10-13 1970-04-15
US4000698A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-01-04 General Dynamics Corporation Pomona Division Self-separating sabot
FR2356906A1 (en) * 1976-07-01 1978-01-27 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker PROJECTILE
GB2021739A (en) * 1978-05-24 1979-12-05 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Spin-stabilised sabot projectile

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3164092A (en) * 1962-11-13 1965-01-05 Remington Arms Co Inc Ammunition sabot
BE740309A (en) * 1969-10-13 1970-04-15
US4000698A (en) * 1974-10-29 1977-01-04 General Dynamics Corporation Pomona Division Self-separating sabot
FR2356906A1 (en) * 1976-07-01 1978-01-27 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker PROJECTILE
GB2021739A (en) * 1978-05-24 1979-12-05 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Spin-stabilised sabot projectile

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0531697A2 (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-03-17 Raufoss A/S A multipurpose projectile and a method of making it
EP0531697A3 (en) * 1991-08-01 1994-03-23 Raufoss As
AU661324B2 (en) * 1991-08-01 1995-07-20 Raufoss A/S A multipurpose projectile and a method of making it
US10502537B1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-12-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Enhanced terminal performance medium caliber multipurpose traced self-destruct projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO865090L (en) 1987-06-18
IL80443A0 (en) 1987-01-30
NO865090D0 (en) 1986-12-16

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