EP0275857A1 - Durch Halbleitern unterstützter ultra-schneller Schalter - Google Patents

Durch Halbleitern unterstützter ultra-schneller Schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0275857A1
EP0275857A1 EP87870185A EP87870185A EP0275857A1 EP 0275857 A1 EP0275857 A1 EP 0275857A1 EP 87870185 A EP87870185 A EP 87870185A EP 87870185 A EP87870185 A EP 87870185A EP 0275857 A1 EP0275857 A1 EP 0275857A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
circuit breaker
current
thyristors
breaker according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87870185A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Henri Bonhomme
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Belgium SA
Original Assignee
ACEC Transport SA
ACEC SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ACEC Transport SA, ACEC SA filed Critical ACEC Transport SA
Publication of EP0275857A1 publication Critical patent/EP0275857A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion
    • H01H2003/225—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion with coil contact, i.e. the movable contact itself forms a secondary coil in which the repulsing current is induced by an operating current in a stationary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a hyper fast current limiting circuit breaker usable at medium voltage and although more particularly suitable for direct current electric traction in rolling stock or fixed equipment, can also be used in alternating current.
  • European patent application No. 85 770 134.5 there is disclosed the combination of an ultra-rapid mechanism to maintain electromagnetic wherein the same element is both repulsion disk office and mobile contact bridge, with a circuit oscillating controlled by semiconductors and whose inductor is used as a repulsion coil in the cut-off mechanism.
  • the assistance circuit described connected to the terminals of the mechanism, comprises a capacitor, a choke (repulsion coil) and a thyristor, connected in series as well as a diode mounted in anti-parallel on the elements in series.
  • the breaking device equipped with the assistance circuit of this type is however only suitable for cutting currents passing through said device in the given direction.
  • Figure 6 of application 85.870 134.5 shows a similar assistance circuit intended for a bidirectional breaking device which makes it possible to cut a current in both directions.
  • the cut-off efficiency in one direction of current flow is significantly better than that in the opposite direction. This is due to an asymmetry of the circuit from which it follows that the second current warhead produced by the capacitor, weaker than the first since already partially damped, must cut a short-circuit current which has had a long time to grow .
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hyper fast circuit breaker assisted by semiconductors, which does not have the drawbacks of the devices known in the prior art as described above.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a super fast circuit breaker capable of breaking a direct current in both directions, with similar efficiency.
  • a complementary object of the present invention aims to provide a particularly efficient circuit breaker, inexpensive and not resulting in high maintenance costs.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a super fast breaking mechanism provided with a movable contact bridge and fixed contacts, at the input and output terminals of which an assistance circuit is connected.
  • the assistance circuit comprises at least two parallel branches, a first branch comprising two diodes opposite in series, each oriented in the blocking direction for the current entering the circuit, a second branch comprising two opposite thyristors, each oriented in the passing direction for the current entering the circuit, and an LC oscillating circuit which connects the point common to the two diodes and the point common to the two thyristors, the thyristors being controlled remotely or via an incorporated current sensor detecting the exceeding of a trigger threshold previously fixed and adjustable in the control electronics.
  • the input 1 and output 3 terminals of the circuit breaker 5 comprising a quick cut-off mechanism represented only by the movable contact bridge 7, 7 ⁇ and by the fixed contacts 9, 9 ⁇ , as well as a assistance circuit 10 mounted in parallel on terminals 1 and 3.
  • the assistance circuit 10 comprises two branches CD and EF mounted in parallel.
  • the CD branch comprises two diodes 13 and 15 opposite and oriented in the blocking direction of the incoming current I.
  • the EF branch comprises two thyristors 17 and 19 opposite and oriented in the passing direction for the incoming current I.
  • the two branches CD and EF are connected by an LC type oscillating circuit comprising a capacitor 21 and a choke 23 which also serves as a repulsion coil for the repulsion disc (not shown) carrying the bridge of movable contacts 7, 7 ⁇ .
  • the device connected to a network so that direct current flows from A to B and is equal to its nominal value when a fault occurs.
  • a current warhead arises in the tyristor 17-capacitor 21-self 23 circuit and splits in the diode 13 (HC circuit) and in the HD-3-8 circuit where it will evade the main current to quickly bring it- this to zero. It is quite obvious that the increase in the current warhead is of an order of magnitude at least greater than that of the maximum fault current in order to rapidly effect the cancellation of the current in the main contact 8.
  • the fault current finds a substitution path with 1-C-E-G-H-D, while the warp current follows the E-G-H-C circuit.
  • the fault current will therefore decrease, given the appearance of this antagonistic voltage.
  • the assistance circuit according to the present invention is substantially symmetrical, sumblable reasoning can be developed when the current flows from B to A.
  • FIG. 3 gives an advantageous embodiment of the circuit of FIG. 1 in which a freewheeling diode 24 and a nonlinear resistor 25 have been added.
  • the operations of the upstream and downstream circuits should be dissociated.
  • the inductance of the circuit downstream of the circuit breaker polarizes the diodes 24 and 15 in the direct direction and can operate in freewheel mode to dampen with a time constant specific to said circuit.
  • the current in the circuit upstream of the circuit breaker decreases as the voltage across the capacitor 21 increases.
  • a non-linear resistor 25 has been provided to dissipate this energy and thus clip any higher overvoltage. to the advertised values.
  • said non-linear resistor 25 can also be mounted in parallel on the capacitor 21. In this case, it is however continuously energized, which can modify its service life.
  • the upstream current is canceled and the voltage at the terminals of the device will join the network voltage according to an oscillatory regime depending on the capacities and inductances present in the circuit.
  • Means can also be provided for galvanic isolation between the upstream and downstream circuits, which is actuated as soon as the current sensor 20 detects a zero current.
  • Such a means can be mounted in branches 1-C and 3-D for example.
  • the electronics triggers a thyristor, namely that which makes it possible to close the oscillating circuit and which is oriented in the passing direction for the main current.
  • the two thyristors 17 and 19 can also be controlled simultaneously.
  • the capacitor must be dimensioned differently since the warhead, in this case divided in two, must always be capable of surpassing the increase in fault current.
  • circuit breaker begins to fight against the short circuit at time t4, that is to say less than a millisecond after the current has passed to its tripping value.
  • the maximum value reached by the fault current is therefore of the same order of magnitude as the trip current even in the event of very violent short circuits.
  • the maximum value reached by the current and the speed of the cut-out means that the I2t in the event of a violent short-circuit is several orders of magnitude lower than the value relating to conventional devices.
  • the circuit breaker according to the present invention can cut all current according to the same principle. It is therefore characterized by the absence of a critical current.
  • circuit breaker described above can also be used to cut a nominal current, by being controlled remotely, for example manually, rather than by a fault current reaching a tripping threshold.
  • the circuit breaker according to the present invention is particularly suitable as a current limiter usable at medium voltage and although more particularly suitable for electric traction with direct current, in rolling stock or fixed equipment, it can also be used in alternating current.
  • the means allowing galvanic isolation advantageously mounted in branches 1-C and possibly 3-D or H-24 (see FIG. 3) consisting of suitable switches 33 and 35, can be used to carry out tests of line either to check the state of the line using a low current before switching it on, or to check the status of the insulators for example.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
EP87870185A 1986-12-22 1987-12-17 Durch Halbleitern unterstützter ultra-schneller Schalter Withdrawn EP0275857A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86202360 1986-12-22
EP86202360A EP0272349B1 (de) 1986-12-22 1986-12-22 Durch Halbleiter unterstützter ultra-schneller Schalter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0275857A1 true EP0275857A1 (de) 1988-07-27

Family

ID=8195841

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86202360A Expired - Lifetime EP0272349B1 (de) 1986-12-22 1986-12-22 Durch Halbleiter unterstützter ultra-schneller Schalter
EP87870185A Withdrawn EP0275857A1 (de) 1986-12-22 1987-12-17 Durch Halbleitern unterstützter ultra-schneller Schalter

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86202360A Expired - Lifetime EP0272349B1 (de) 1986-12-22 1986-12-22 Durch Halbleiter unterstützter ultra-schneller Schalter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4920448A (de)
EP (2) EP0272349B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE89685T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3688469T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2040699T3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1022753A1 (de) * 1998-12-21 2000-07-26 ABB Hochspannungstechnik AG Kontaktanordnung für einen strombegrenzenden Schalter

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DE4317965A1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-01 Siemens Ag Hybrider Leistungsschalter
CZ287089B6 (en) * 1994-12-28 2000-09-13 Elpro Bahnstromanlagen Gmbh Commutation and switch-off method of direct current by making use of quick-acting interrupter and circuit arrangement for making the same
US5737161A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-04-07 Raychem Corporation Overcurrent protection device and arrangement
DE19835781C2 (de) * 1998-08-07 2002-10-24 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Auslösung einer Sicherung für elektrische Leiter in einem Kraftfahrzeug
EP1014403A1 (de) * 1998-12-21 2000-06-28 Asea Brown Boveri AG Strombegrenzender Schalter
EP1022755B1 (de) * 1998-12-21 2007-01-24 ABB Schweiz AG Strombegrenzender Schalter
SE9900852D0 (sv) 1999-03-08 1999-03-08 Secheron Sa An electrical coil module, an electrical coil comprising such modules, an actuation mechanism including such a coil and a circuit breaker comprising such an actuation mechanism
US7342762B2 (en) * 2005-11-10 2008-03-11 Littelfuse, Inc. Resettable circuit protection apparatus
US7876538B2 (en) * 2005-12-20 2011-01-25 General Electric Company Micro-electromechanical system based arc-less switching with circuitry for absorbing electrical energy during a fault condition
US20070139829A1 (en) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-21 General Electric Company Micro-electromechanical system based arc-less switching
DE102008034109B4 (de) 2008-07-21 2016-10-13 Dspace Digital Signal Processing And Control Engineering Gmbh Schaltung zur Nachbildung einer elektrischen Last
EP2722859B2 (de) 2012-10-16 2019-08-28 ABB Schweiz AG Mehrfachblock-Hybridvakuumschalter mit in Reihe geschalteten Vakuumunterbrechern
KR101506581B1 (ko) * 2013-08-14 2015-03-27 주식회사 효성 고전압 ｄｃ 차단기
KR101522412B1 (ko) * 2013-12-26 2015-05-26 주식회사 효성 양방향 직류 차단장치
KR101550374B1 (ko) 2013-12-31 2015-09-04 주식회사 효성 고전압 ｄｃ 차단기
EP3059827A1 (de) * 2015-02-20 2016-08-24 ABB Technology Ltd Vermittlungssystem zum schalten eines stroms und verfahren zur durchführung einer stromschaltoperation
KR101688921B1 (ko) * 2015-06-22 2017-01-02 주식회사 효성 Ｄｃ 차단기
DE102015212802A1 (de) * 2015-07-08 2017-01-12 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Trennvorrichtung zur Gleichstromunterbrechung
CN105680409B (zh) * 2016-04-19 2018-03-30 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 一种桥式电路、直流电流分断装置及其控制方法
CN105896492B (zh) * 2016-06-16 2019-02-15 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 一种混合式直流断路器
CN106558866B (zh) * 2016-11-11 2019-08-13 西安交通大学 一种无弧直流断路器及其使用方法
DE102018203489B4 (de) 2018-03-08 2022-05-19 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Wechselstromladevorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wechselstromladevorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102018203499A1 (de) * 2018-03-08 2019-09-12 Continental Automotive Gmbh Wechselstromladevorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wechselstromladevorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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FR1472205A (fr) * 1966-01-25 1967-03-10 Unelec Dispositif interrupteur semi-statique pour courants alternatifs
DE1488845A1 (de) * 1964-08-10 1969-04-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Gleichrichterbruecke mit steuerbaren und nichtsteuerbaren Gleichrichtern
EP0184566A1 (de) * 1984-10-12 1986-06-11 S.A. Acec Transport Von Halbleitern unterstützter hyperschneller Schalter
FR2579007A1 (fr) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-19 Telemecanique Electrique Interrupteur hybride
US4618905A (en) * 1983-09-21 1986-10-21 Hitachi, Ltd. DC circuit breaker

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1488845A1 (de) * 1964-08-10 1969-04-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Gleichrichterbruecke mit steuerbaren und nichtsteuerbaren Gleichrichtern
FR1472205A (fr) * 1966-01-25 1967-03-10 Unelec Dispositif interrupteur semi-statique pour courants alternatifs
US4618905A (en) * 1983-09-21 1986-10-21 Hitachi, Ltd. DC circuit breaker
EP0184566A1 (de) * 1984-10-12 1986-06-11 S.A. Acec Transport Von Halbleitern unterstützter hyperschneller Schalter
FR2579007A1 (fr) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-19 Telemecanique Electrique Interrupteur hybride

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1022753A1 (de) * 1998-12-21 2000-07-26 ABB Hochspannungstechnik AG Kontaktanordnung für einen strombegrenzenden Schalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3688469D1 (de) 1993-06-24
US4920448A (en) 1990-04-24
ES2040699T3 (es) 1993-11-01
EP0272349A1 (de) 1988-06-29
ATE89685T1 (de) 1993-06-15
DE3688469T2 (de) 1993-10-28
EP0272349B1 (de) 1993-05-19

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