EP0274974B1 - Defrosting device for a roof window - Google Patents

Defrosting device for a roof window Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0274974B1
EP0274974B1 EP87440079A EP87440079A EP0274974B1 EP 0274974 B1 EP0274974 B1 EP 0274974B1 EP 87440079 A EP87440079 A EP 87440079A EP 87440079 A EP87440079 A EP 87440079A EP 0274974 B1 EP0274974 B1 EP 0274974B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roof window
glazed surface
fact
opening
electric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87440079A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0274974A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Kautt
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Pour L'etude Des Composants De L'avenir Dite Seca Societe A Responsabilite Ltee Ste
Original Assignee
Pour L'etude Des Composants De L'avenir Dite Seca Societe A Responsabilite Ltee Ste
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Priority to AT87440079T priority Critical patent/ATE51266T1/en
Publication of EP0274974A1 publication Critical patent/EP0274974A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0274974B1 publication Critical patent/EP0274974B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H01H3/161—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift for actuation by moving a closing member, e.g. door, cover or lid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
    • E04D13/035—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts
    • E04D13/0351—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about a fixed axis
    • E04D13/0354—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about a fixed axis the parts being flat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/10—Snow traps ; Removing snow from roofs; Snow melters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a roof window composed of an opening connected, by means of hollow shaft pivots, to a frame, said opening being provided with a glazed surface provided with a defrosting device formed by an electrical resistance. connected to an electrical supply or energy using electrical cables housed in the hollow shaft of at least one of the pivots, these comprising a contactor actuated when the opening is closed.
  • these roof windows have a number of drawbacks, in particular when they are used for dwellings located in regions where the climate is harsh. During certain times of the year, the outside temperature approaches zero degrees Celsius. During these periods, the glass of the roof window is very often covered with a layer of frost reducing visibility to the outside of the dwelling. However, this frost also has the effect of filtering, on passing through the glazed surface, the outside light entering the dwelling and, consequently, of reducing the interior clarity.
  • These drawbacks can be eliminated either, in part, by maintaining artificial lighting, even during the day, inside the house, or, entirely, by scraping the frost which has deposited on the glass. This last solution is accompanied by a certain number of constraints, namely: access to the exterior glazed surface, which is not always the easiest, scraping the frost and finally, warming the house following the opening the roof window.
  • Defrosting devices for motor vehicle windows are already known. Frequently, these deicing devices consist of an electrical resistance composed of a filament folded in the form of a coil. This resistor is either placed in a plastic film to stick on the vehicle window, or embedded directly in the glass constituting the window.
  • the glazed surface of a vehicle is that arranged at the rear, called the rear windshield.
  • the latter can be mounted immobile to the structure of the vehicle, or on an articulated element such as a door of the tailgate type or the like.
  • this connection of the resistor to an electrical energy supply poses no problem.
  • this connection is made at the articulation of the door, by means of an electric cable.
  • the latter must have a certain flexibility and make it possible to compensate for small variations in length between the window and the fixed structure of the vehicle, when the door is opened or closed.
  • document FR-A 2 180 433 already discloses a locking window provided with a defrosting device. More specifically, this defrosting device can be energized when the window is closed. To this end, the cremone bolt ensuring the locking of the latter is able to control a switch acting on an electrical energy supply circuit located on the sleeping frame. In addition, this supply circuit is connected to the glazed surface by means of contactors arranged, respectively, in the rebate of the fixed frame and of the opening element (s).
  • This prior document also relates to roof windows whose opening is tilted around a horizontal axis located, substantially, in the median plane of said roof windows.
  • the cutting of the supply circuit is controlled by the locking device generally located on the lower cross member of the opening. Furthermore, the connection between the glazed surface and this supply circuit is ensured, as above, by means of contactors arranged, respectively, in rebates of the opening and of the sleeping frame.
  • the connecting means used namely contactors housed in the rebates of the opening and of the sleeping frame, it is it is essential to have an auxiliary cut-off circuit. This is activated either by the cremone bolt or by any locking device.
  • this cremone bolt or any other locking device necessarily has a structure different from some of its constituent elements compared to standard type products. This obviously increases the difficulties of manufacturing and stock management in a company.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a roof window composed of an opening connected, by means of hollow shaft pivots, to a frame, said opening being provided with '' a glazed surface provided with a defrosting device formed by an electrical resistance connected to an electrical energy supply by means of electrical cables housed in the hollow shaft of at least one of the pivots, these comprising a contactor actuated when the opening is closed and composed of a ball under elastic stress, integral with the movable part of the pivot, cooperating, when the opening is closed, with a tensioned surface disposed on the fixed part of the pivot and connected to the power supply.
  • the advantages obtained thanks to this invention consist essentially in that the deicing or snow removal is done automatically thanks to the heat given off by the deicing device, the means for connecting to a supply of electrical energy having great security due to their inaccessibility. . Furthermore, these connecting means do not interfere with the operation of the roof window.
  • the invention relates to a roof window 1 composed of a frame 2 secured to a structure 3 of a roof 4, and an opening 5 provided with a glass surface 6.
  • the opening 5 is connected to the frame 2 by by means of pivots 7 permitting to give said opening 5 a rotation about a horizontal axis 8 and situated approximately in the horizontal median plane 9 of the roof window 1.
  • the roof window 1 When the roof window 1 is opened, the opening of the opening 5 relative to the frame 2 takes place in a well-defined direction, so as to tilt, on the one hand, the upper part 10 of the opening 5 towards the inside of the dwelling and, on the other hand, the lower part 11 of said opening 5 towards the outside.
  • This direction of opening of the roof window 1 makes it possible to satisfy the sealing criterion of the latter.
  • the roof window 1 comprises, on its external face 12, a frame 13 disposed astride the joining lines 14 between the opening 5 and the frame 2 to guarantee this tightness.
  • This frame 13 is in two parts 15 and 16, the upper part 15 being secured to the frame 17 of the frame 2 and the lower part 16 being fixed to the frame 18 of the opening 5.
  • the angle 19 between the leaf 5 and the frame 2 is one hundred thirty-five to one hundred and sixty degrees depending on the type of roof window.
  • the external face 20 of the glazed surface 6 is oriented towards the interior of the dwelling making it accessible for possible cleaning.
  • the invention provides means for clearing the glass surface 6 of any snow or frost.
  • the roof window 1 comprises at least one defrosting device 21 composed of an electrical resistance 22 consisting of a filament 23 folded in the form of a serpentine.
  • This electrical resistance 22 is disposed on the glazed surface 6 and it is connected, by connection means 24, to a supply 25 of electrical energy.
  • This consists of an electric cable connected to the electrical network of the house and brought to the level of the frame 2 of the roof window 1. Its starting or stopping the operation of the defrosting device 21 are controlled by a switch placed either near the roof window 1 or at any other place in the dwelling.
  • the roof window 1 comprises two de-icing devices 21, the electrical resistances 22 of which are connected, independently of one another, to the supply of electrical energy 25 via the connecting means 24.
  • the two defrosting devices 21, controlled by different switches it is possible to regulate the heating of the glazed surface 6.
  • the arrangement of the electrical resistors 22 of the two defrosting devices 21 may differ depending on the desired result.
  • the first solution consists in nesting these electrical resistors 22 one inside the other. Such an arrangement makes it possible to act on the speed of defrosting of the glazed surface 6 according to whether only one or the two defrosting devices 21 are supplied with electrical energy.
  • the second solution consists in placing an electrical resistance 22 of a defrosting device 21 on either side of the median plane 9 on the glazed surface 6. Very often, for questions of displacement of air by convection, the glazed surface 6 is only partially covered with frost, this arrangement of the electrical resistors 22 making it possible, in this case, to heat only the part of the glazed surface 6 to be defrosted.
  • a glazed surface 6 with an electrical resistance 22 can be embedded in the thickness of the glass constituting the pane or arranged in a plastic film bonded to the glazed surface 6.
  • the window, provided with a defrosting device 21 has one of its faces in contact with the outside atmosphere of the dwelling.
  • the window provided with a defrosting device 21
  • the electrical resistance 22 will either be embedded in the glass, or preferably stuck on the face directed towards the interior of the dwelling.
  • connection means 24 the electrical resistances 22 of the defrosting devices 21 are connected, by connection means 24, to a supply 25 of electrical energy disposed inside the dwelling.
  • these connecting means 24 are housed in one or in the two pivots 7.
  • the pivot 7 comprises a hollow shaft 26 serving as a shaft for rotation of the opening 5 with respect to the frame 2.
  • an electrical cable 27 connecting the electrical resistance 22 to the power supply 25.
  • the electrical cable 27 is given a slight twist.
  • the variation in length resulting from the latter is of minimal importance and can be considered as zero. It will be necessary to provide an disconnectable electrical connection between the electrical resistance 22 and the electrical cable 27 so as to be able to disassemble the leaf 5 and remove it from the frame 2.
  • the pivots 7 constitute the connecting means 24 between the electrical resistance 22 and the power supply 25, each pivot 7 having one of the polarities.
  • the pivots 7 are necessarily insulated with respect to the structure 3 of the roof 4 and of the frame 18 of the opening 5 but also with respect to any contact with a user.
  • the glazed surface 6 of the roof window 1 can only comprise a single defrosting device 21.
  • This electrical connection by means of the pivots 7 may be of the permanent type or of the disconnectable type when the roof window 1 is opened.
  • the pivots 7 are provided with a contactor actuated during closing. opening 5.
  • the contactor is composed of a ball under elastic stress secured to the movable part of the pivot 7, cooperating, when the opening 5 is closed, with a tensioned surface disposed on the fixed part of the pivot 7 and connected to the power supply 25.
  • the connecting means 24 are of the retractable type and constituted by male electrical plugs 28 cooperating with female electrical plugs 29.
  • male electrical plugs 28 it is essential to have the male electrical plugs 28 on the opening 5, so as to avoid any risk of contact with the supply 25 of electrical energy.
  • the male electrical plugs 28 and the female electrical plugs 29 have been disposed respectively on the lower edge 30 of the frame 18 of the leaf 5 and on the lower edge 31 of the frame 17 of the frame 2. It is obvious that these cards can be placed in any other place. However, by preferably placing them on the part 32 of the roof window 1, located below the axis 8, it is not necessary, for the installation of these sheets, to modify the structure of the rebates of the frame 18 of the opening 5, nor that of the frame 17 of the frame 2.
  • such a deicing device 21 comprising an electrical resistance 22 which can be bonded to the glazed surface 6 and retractable connecting means 24, can be easily attached to any type of pre-existing roof window 1.
  • the electrical resistance 22 is placed on a transparent plastic support and glued on one side, this support being fixed on the glass surface 6 of the roof window 1. Consequently, on the one hand, it suffices, to secure the male electrical plugs 28 on the lower edge 30 of the frame 19 of the opening 5 and this, so that they are directed towards the interior of the dwelling and, on the other hand, to fix the female electrical plugs 29 on the lower edge 31 of the frame 17 of the frame 2, in accordance with the male electrical plugs 28.
  • the male electrical plugs 28 are connected to the electrical resistance 22 and the female electrical plugs 29 are connected to the power supply 25 by passing through a control switch.
  • these deicing devices 21 can be marketed independently of the roof window 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

1. Roof window (1) composed of a mobile element (5) connected, via pivots (7) having hollow shafts (26), to a fixed element (2), the said mobile element (5) being provided with a glazed surface (6) fitted with a defrosting device (21) formed by an electric resistor (22) connected to an electric power supply (25) with the help of electric cables (27) housed in the hollow shaft (26) of at least one of the pivots (7), the latter comprising a contactor actuated upon the closing of the mobile element (5), characterized by the fact that the said contactor is composed of a spring-loaded sphere, integral with the mobile portion of the pivot (7), cooperating, upon the closing of the mobile element (5), with an energized surface located on the fixed portion of the pivot (7) and connected to the electric power supply (25).

Description

L'invention concerne une fenêtre de toit composée d'un ouvrant relié, par l'intermédiaire de pivots à arbre creux, à un dormant, ledit ouvrant étant pourvu d'une surface vitrée munie d'un dispositif de dégivrage formé par une résistance électrique reliée à une alimentation ou énergie électrique à l'aide de câbles électriques logés dans l'arbre creux d'au moins un des pivots, ceux-ci comportant un contacteur actionné lors de la fermeture de l'ouvrant.The invention relates to a roof window composed of an opening connected, by means of hollow shaft pivots, to a frame, said opening being provided with a glazed surface provided with a defrosting device formed by an electrical resistance. connected to an electrical supply or energy using electrical cables housed in the hollow shaft of at least one of the pivots, these comprising a contactor actuated when the opening is closed.

Habituellement, ces fenêtres de toit présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients, notamment, lorsqu'elles sont utilisées pour des habitations situées dans des régions où le climat est rigoureux. Durant certaines périodes de l'année, la température extérieure avoisine zéro degré Celsius. Pendant ces périodes, la vitre de la fenêtre de toit est très souvent recouverte d'une couche de givre réduisant la visibilité vers l'extérieur de l'habitation. Mais, ce givre a également pour conséquence de filtrer, au passage de la surface vitrée, la lumière extérieure pénétrant dans l'habitation et, par conséquent, de diminuer la clarté intérieure. Ces inconvénients peuvent être supprimés soit, en partie, en maintenant un éclairage artificiel, même durant la journée, à l'intérieur de l'habitation, soit, en totalité, en grattant le givre qui s'est déposé sur la vitre. Cette dernière solution s'accompagne d'un certain nombre de contraintes, à savoir: accéder à la surface vitrée extérieure, ce qui n'est pas toujours des plus aisés, gratter le givre et pour finir, réchauffer l'habitation suite à l'ouverture de la fenêtre de toit.Usually, these roof windows have a number of drawbacks, in particular when they are used for dwellings located in regions where the climate is harsh. During certain times of the year, the outside temperature approaches zero degrees Celsius. During these periods, the glass of the roof window is very often covered with a layer of frost reducing visibility to the outside of the dwelling. However, this frost also has the effect of filtering, on passing through the glazed surface, the outside light entering the dwelling and, consequently, of reducing the interior clarity. These drawbacks can be eliminated either, in part, by maintaining artificial lighting, even during the day, inside the house, or, entirely, by scraping the frost which has deposited on the glass. This last solution is accompanied by a certain number of constraints, namely: access to the exterior glazed surface, which is not always the easiest, scraping the frost and finally, warming the house following the opening the roof window.

Ces divers problèmes sont aggravés lorsque, durant ces périodes de froid, se produisent des chutes de neige. En effet, la solution consistant à dégager la neige qui s'est déposée sur la surface vitrée ne peut être envisagée sans qu'il y ait pour conséquence, dans la plupart des cas, une retombée de neige vers l'intérieur de l'habitation.These various problems are aggravated when, during these cold periods, snowfall occurs. Indeed, the solution consisting of clearing the snow which has deposited on the glass surface cannot be envisaged without there being, in most cases, a fall of snow towards the interior of the dwelling. .

On connaît déjà des dispositifs de dégivrage pour vitre de véhicules automobiles. Fréquemment, ces dispositifs de dégivrage sont constitués d'une résistance électrique composée d'un filament replié en forme de serpentin. Cette résistance est soit disposée dans un film plastique à coller sur la vitre du véhicule, soit noyée directement dans le verre constituant la vitre. La surface vitrée d'un véhicule, généralement pourvue d'un tel dispositif de dégivrage est, celle disposée à l'arrière, appelée pare- brise arrière. Ce dernier peut être monté d'une manière immobile à la structure du véhicule, ou sur un élément articulé tel qu'une porte du type hayon ou autre. Dans le premier cas, le branchement de la résistance à une alimentation en énergie électrique ne pose aucun problème. Dans le deuxième cas, ce branchement se fait au niveau de l'articulation de la porte, par l'intermédiaire d'un câble électrique. Ce dernier doit présenter une certaine souplesse et permettre de compenser les faibles variations de longueur entre la vitre et la structure fixe du véhicule, lors de l'ouverture ou de la fermeture de la porte.Defrosting devices for motor vehicle windows are already known. Frequently, these deicing devices consist of an electrical resistance composed of a filament folded in the form of a coil. This resistor is either placed in a plastic film to stick on the vehicle window, or embedded directly in the glass constituting the window. The glazed surface of a vehicle, generally provided with such a de-icing device, is that arranged at the rear, called the rear windshield. The latter can be mounted immobile to the structure of the vehicle, or on an articulated element such as a door of the tailgate type or the like. In the first case, the connection of the resistor to an electrical energy supply poses no problem. In the second case, this connection is made at the articulation of the door, by means of an electric cable. The latter must have a certain flexibility and make it possible to compensate for small variations in length between the window and the fixed structure of the vehicle, when the door is opened or closed.

De tels dispositifs de dégivrage ne peuvent, en aucun cas, être utilisés pour des fenêtres de toit. D'une part, le courant circulant dans la résistance étant plus important, le branchement à l'alimentation doit présenter une plus grande sécurité. D'autre part, un branchement par câble électrique reliant la résistance, située sur la surface vitrée de l'ouvrant, à une alimentation en énergie électrique constituée par une ligne électrique disposée sur le dormant, n'est pas envisageable. En effet, fréquemment, l'ouverture d'une fenêtre de toit est obtenue par rotation de l'ouvrant autour d'un axe horizontal situé approximativement dans le plan médian transversal de ladite fenêtre de toit. L'angle de rotation maximum qu'il est possible de conférer à l'ouvrant par rapport au dormant est très souvent de l'ordre de cent trente à cent soixante degrés, de manière à diriger vers l'intérieur de l'habitation la face extérieure de la vitre pour procéder au nettoyage de cette dernière. Dans ce cas, le câble électrique doit présenter une longueur importante pour pallier aux variations de la résistance séparant la surface vitrée et le cadre dormant et obligatoirement, cette longueur de câble gênerait la manoeuvre de l'ouvrant.Under no circumstances can such deicing devices be used for roof windows. On the one hand, the current flowing in the resistor being greater, the connection to the power supply must present greater security. On the other hand, a connection by electric cable connecting the resistor, located on the glazed surface of the opening, to a supply of electrical energy constituted by an electric line disposed on the frame, is not conceivable. Indeed, frequently, the opening of a roof window is obtained by rotation of the opening about a horizontal axis located approximately in the transverse median plane of said roof window. The maximum angle of rotation that it is possible to give to the opening relative to the frame is very often of the order of one hundred thirty to one hundred and sixty degrees, so as to direct the face towards the interior of the dwelling. outside of the glass to clean it. In this case, the electric cable must have a long length to compensate for variations in the resistance separating the glazed surface and the sleeping frame and it is compulsory that this length of cable would interfere with the opening operation.

Par ailleurs, on connaît déjà, par le document FR-A 2 180 433, une fenêtre de verrouillage pourvue d'un dispositif de dégivrage. Plus précisément, ce dispositif de dégivrage peut être mis sous tension au moment de la fermeture de ladite fenêtre. A cet effet, la crémone assurant le verrouillage de cette dernière est en mesure de commander un interrupteur agissant sur un circuit d'alimentation en énergie électrique situé sur le cadre dormant. De plus, ce circuit d'alimentation est connecté à la surface vitrée par l'intermédiaire de contacteurs disposés, respectivement, dans la feuillure du cadre dormant et du ou des ouvrants.Furthermore, document FR-A 2 180 433 already discloses a locking window provided with a defrosting device. More specifically, this defrosting device can be energized when the window is closed. To this end, the cremone bolt ensuring the locking of the latter is able to control a switch acting on an electrical energy supply circuit located on the sleeping frame. In addition, this supply circuit is connected to the glazed surface by means of contactors arranged, respectively, in the rebate of the fixed frame and of the opening element (s).

Ce document antérieur vise également les fenêtres de toit dont l'ouvrant est monté basculant autour d'un axe horizontal situé, sensiblement, dans le plan médian desdites fenêtres de toit.This prior document also relates to roof windows whose opening is tilted around a horizontal axis located, substantially, in the median plane of said roof windows.

Dans ce cas, la coupure du circuit d'alimentation est commandée par le dispositif de verrouillage généralement situé sur la traverse inférieure de l'ouvrant. Par ailleurs, la liaison entre la surface vitrée et ce circuit d'alimentation est assurée, tout comme ci-dessus, au moyen de contacteurs disposés, respectivement, en feuillures de l'ouvrant et du cadre dormant.In this case, the cutting of the supply circuit is controlled by the locking device generally located on the lower cross member of the opening. Furthermore, the connection between the glazed surface and this supply circuit is ensured, as above, by means of contactors arranged, respectively, in rebates of the opening and of the sleeping frame.

On constate que, dans le cadre de ces fenêtres de toits à dispositifs de dégivrage connus dans l'état de la technique, les moyens de liaison utilisés, à savoir des contacteurs logés dans les feuillures de l'ouvrant et du cadre dormant, il est indispensable de disposer d'un circuit de coupure auxiliaire. Celui-ci est actionné, soit par la crémone, soit par un dispositif de verrouillage quelconque.It can be seen that, in the context of these roof windows with defrosting devices known in the prior art, the connecting means used, namely contactors housed in the rebates of the opening and of the sleeping frame, it is it is essential to have an auxiliary cut-off circuit. This is activated either by the cremone bolt or by any locking device.

Or, pour assurer une telle fonction, cette crémone ou tout autre dispositif de verrouillage, présentent, nécessairement, une structure différente de certains de ses éléments constitutifs par rapport à des produits de type standard. Ceci augmente, bien évidemment, les difficultés de gestion de fabrication et de stock dans une entreprise.However, to perform such a function, this cremone bolt or any other locking device necessarily has a structure different from some of its constituent elements compared to standard type products. This obviously increases the difficulties of manufacturing and stock management in a company.

Par ailleurs, un mauvais fonctionnement de l'installation peut provoquer un accident en raison de l'accessibilité des contacteurs reliés au circuit d'alimentation. Il est également à noter que l'implantation particulière de ces contacteurs impose un usinage en feuillures de l'ouvrant et du cadre dormant.In addition, a malfunction of the installation can cause an accident due to the accessibility of the contactors connected to the supply circuit. It should also be noted that the particular location of these contactors requires rebate machining of the opening and of the dormant frame.

On connaît, en outre, par le document US-A 3 428 738, une charnière composée de deux charnons d'extrémité et d'un charnon central, ce dernier étant de type tubulaire de manière à assurer le passage d'un câble électrique. Une telle liaison électrique, au travers des éléments d'articulation, entre deux surfaces distinctes et pivotantes l'une par rapport à l'autre, représente, bien entendu, un gain de sécurité. Toutefois, elle ne dispense pas de l'utilisation d'un circuit de coupure auxiliaire et, de plus, elle rend particulièrement délicat le démontage des deux surfaces ainsi liées.We also know from document US-A 3,428,738, a hinge composed of two end knuckles and a central knuckle, the latter being of tubular type so as to ensure the passage of an electric cable. Such an electrical connection, through articulation elements, between two distinct surfaces and pivoting with respect to one another, represents, of course, a gain in safety. However, it does not dispense with the use of an auxiliary cut-off circuit and, moreover, it makes it particularly difficult to dismantle the two surfaces thus linked.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients. L'invention, telle qu'elle est caractérisée dans les revendications, résout le problème consistant à créer une fenêtre de toit composée d'un ouvrant relié, par l'intermédiaire de pivots à arbre creux, à un dormant, ledit ouvrant étant pourvu d'une surface vitrée munie d'un dispositif de dégivrage formé par une résistance électrique reliée à une alimentation en énergie électrique à l'aide de câbles électriques logés dans l'arbre creux d'au moins un des pivots, ceux-ci comportant un contacteur actionné lors de la fermeture de l'ouvrant et composé d'une bille sous contrainte élastique, solidaire de la partie mobile du pivot, coopérant, lors de la fermeture de l'ouvrant, avec une surface sous tension disposée sur la partie fixe du pivot et reliée à l'alimentation en énergie électrique.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks. The invention, as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a roof window composed of an opening connected, by means of hollow shaft pivots, to a frame, said opening being provided with '' a glazed surface provided with a defrosting device formed by an electrical resistance connected to an electrical energy supply by means of electrical cables housed in the hollow shaft of at least one of the pivots, these comprising a contactor actuated when the opening is closed and composed of a ball under elastic stress, integral with the movable part of the pivot, cooperating, when the opening is closed, with a tensioned surface disposed on the fixed part of the pivot and connected to the power supply.

Les avantages obtenus grâce à cette invention consistent essentiellement en ce que le dégivrage ou le déneigement se font automatiquement grâce à la chaleur dégagée par le dispositif de dégivrage dont les moyens de liaison à une alimentation en énergie électrique présentent une grande sécurité en raison de leur inaccessibilité. Par ailleurs, ces moyens de liaison ne constituent aucune gêne à la manoeuvre de la fenêtre de toit.The advantages obtained thanks to this invention consist essentially in that the deicing or snow removal is done automatically thanks to the heat given off by the deicing device, the means for connecting to a supply of electrical energy having great security due to their inaccessibility. . Furthermore, these connecting means do not interfere with the operation of the roof window.

L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de dessins représentant seulement un mode d'exécution.

  • La figure 1 représente en élévation et en coupe la fenêtre de toit selon un premier mode de réalisation.
  • La figure 2 représente en plan la fenêtre de toit selon un autre mode de réalisation.
The invention is set out below in more detail with the aid of drawings representing only one embodiment.
  • Figure 1 shows in elevation and in section the roof window according to a first embodiment.
  • Figure 2 shows in plan the roof window according to another embodiment.

On se réfère aux figures 1 et 2.We refer to Figures 1 and 2.

L'invention concerne une fenêtre de toit 1 composée d'un dormant 2 solidarisé à une structure 3 d'un toit 4, et d'un ouvrant 5 pourvu d'une surface vitrée 6. L'ouvrant 5 est relié au dormant 2 par l'intermédiaire de pivots 7 pemettant de conférer audit ouvrant 5 une rotation autour d'un axe 8 horizontal et situé approximativement dans le plan médian horizontal 9 de la fenêtre de toit 1.The invention relates to a roof window 1 composed of a frame 2 secured to a structure 3 of a roof 4, and an opening 5 provided with a glass surface 6. The opening 5 is connected to the frame 2 by by means of pivots 7 permitting to give said opening 5 a rotation about a horizontal axis 8 and situated approximately in the horizontal median plane 9 of the roof window 1.

Lors de l'ouverture de la fenêtre de toit 1, la rotation de l'ouvrant 5 par rapport au dormant 2 se fait suivant un sens bien déterminé, et ce, de manière à basculer, d'une part, la partie supérieure 10 de l'ouvrant 5 vers l'intérieur de l'habitation et, d'autre part, la partie inférieure 11 dudit ouvrant 5 vers l'extérieur. Ce sens d'ouverture de la fenêtre de toit 1 permet de satisfaire au critère d'étanchéité de cette dernière. D'autre part, la fenêtre de toit 1 comporte, sur sa face externe 12, un cadre 13 disposé à cheval sur les lignes de jointure 14 entre l'ouvrant 5 et le dormant 2 pour garantir cette étanchéité. Ce cadre 13 se présente en deux parties 15 et 16, la partie supérieure 15 étant solidarisée au cadre 17 du dormant 2 et la partie inférieure 16 étant fixée au cadre 18 de l'ouvrant 5.When the roof window 1 is opened, the opening of the opening 5 relative to the frame 2 takes place in a well-defined direction, so as to tilt, on the one hand, the upper part 10 of the opening 5 towards the inside of the dwelling and, on the other hand, the lower part 11 of said opening 5 towards the outside. This direction of opening of the roof window 1 makes it possible to satisfy the sealing criterion of the latter. On the other hand, the roof window 1 comprises, on its external face 12, a frame 13 disposed astride the joining lines 14 between the opening 5 and the frame 2 to guarantee this tightness. This frame 13 is in two parts 15 and 16, the upper part 15 being secured to the frame 17 of the frame 2 and the lower part 16 being fixed to the frame 18 of the opening 5.

Dans la position d'ouverture maximum, l'angle 19 entre l'ouvrant 5 et le dormant 2 est de cent trente- cinq à cent soixante degrés selon le type de fenêtre de toit. Dans cette position, la face externe 20 de la surface vitrée 6 est orientés vers l'intérieur de l'habitation la rendant accessible pour les éventuels nettoyages. Pour éviter des retombées de neige ou de givre à l'intérieur de l'habitation, l'invention prévoit des moyens permettant de dégager la surface vitrée 6 de toute neige ou givre.In the maximum opening position, the angle 19 between the leaf 5 and the frame 2 is one hundred thirty-five to one hundred and sixty degrees depending on the type of roof window. In this position, the external face 20 of the glazed surface 6 is oriented towards the interior of the dwelling making it accessible for possible cleaning. To avoid falling snow or frost inside the home, the invention provides means for clearing the glass surface 6 of any snow or frost.

A cet effet, la fenêtre de toit 1 comporte au moins un dispositif de dégivrage 21 composé d'une résistance électrique 22 constituée d'un filament 23 replié en forme de serpentin. Cette résistance électrique 22 est disposée sur la surface vitrée 6 et elle est reliée, par des moyens de liaison 24, à une alimentation 25 en énergie électrique. Celle-ci est constituée d'un câble électrique relié au réseau électrique de l'habitation et amené au niveau du dormant 2 de la fenêtre de toit 1. Sa mise en marche ou l'arrêt du fonctionnement du dispositif de dégivrage 21 sont commandés par un interrupteur placé, soit à proximité de la fenêtre de toit 1, soit à n'importe quel autre endroit dans l'habitation.To this end, the roof window 1 comprises at least one defrosting device 21 composed of an electrical resistance 22 consisting of a filament 23 folded in the form of a serpentine. This electrical resistance 22 is disposed on the glazed surface 6 and it is connected, by connection means 24, to a supply 25 of electrical energy. This consists of an electric cable connected to the electrical network of the house and brought to the level of the frame 2 of the roof window 1. Its starting or stopping the operation of the defrosting device 21 are controlled by a switch placed either near the roof window 1 or at any other place in the dwelling.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, la fenêtre de toit 1 comporte deux dispositifs de dégrivrage 21 dont les résistances électriques 22 sont reliées, indépendamment l'une de l'autre, à l'alimentation en énergie électrique 25 par l'intermédiaire des moyens de liaison 24. Ainsi, grâce au fonctionnement dissocié des deux dispositifs de dégivrage 21, commandés par des interrupteurs différents, il est possible de réguler le chauffage de la surface vitrée 6.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the roof window 1 comprises two de-icing devices 21, the electrical resistances 22 of which are connected, independently of one another, to the supply of electrical energy 25 via the connecting means 24. Thus, thanks to the separate operation of the two defrosting devices 21, controlled by different switches, it is possible to regulate the heating of the glazed surface 6.

La disposition des résistances électriques 22 des deux dispositifs de dégivrage 21 peut différer selon le résultat recherché. La première solution consiste à imbriquer ces résistances électriques 22 l'une dans l'autre. Une telle disposition permet d'agir sur la vitesse de dégivrage de la surface vitrée 6 selon qu'un seul ou les deux dispositifs de dégivrage 21 sont alimentés en énergie électrique.The arrangement of the electrical resistors 22 of the two defrosting devices 21 may differ depending on the desired result. The first solution consists in nesting these electrical resistors 22 one inside the other. Such an arrangement makes it possible to act on the speed of defrosting of the glazed surface 6 according to whether only one or the two defrosting devices 21 are supplied with electrical energy.

La deuxième solution consiste à placer une résistance électrique 22 d'un dispositif de dégivrage 21 de part et d'autre du plan médian 9 sur la surface vitrée 6. Très souvent, pour des questions de déplacement d'air par convection, la surface vitrée 6 n'est recouverte que partiellement de givre, cette disposition des résistances électriques 22 permettant, dans ce cas, de chauffer uniquement la partie de la surface vitrée 6 à dégivrer.The second solution consists in placing an electrical resistance 22 of a defrosting device 21 on either side of the median plane 9 on the glazed surface 6. Very often, for questions of displacement of air by convection, the glazed surface 6 is only partially covered with frost, this arrangement of the electrical resistors 22 making it possible, in this case, to heat only the part of the glazed surface 6 to be defrosted.

Différentes possibilités sont envisageables pour pourvoir une surface vitrée 6 d'une résistance électrique 22. Ainsi, cette dernière peut être noyée dans l'épaisseur du verre constituant la vitre ou disposée dans un film plastique collé sur la surface vitrée 6. Toutefois, il est indispensable que la vitre, pourvue d'un dispositif de dégivrage 21, présente une de ses faces au contact avec l'atmosphère extérieure de l'habitation. Ainsi, dans le cas d'une surface vitrée 6, constituée par un double vitrage isolant, seule la vitre au contact avec l'extérieur comportera une résistance électrique 22, soit noyée dans le verre, soit collée sur la face orientée vers l'extérieur. Par contre, si la surface vitrée 6 est constituée par un simple vitrage, la résistance électrique 22 sera, soit noyée dans le verre, soit collée de préférence sur la face dirigée vers l'intérieur de l'habitation.Different possibilities are conceivable for providing a glazed surface 6 with an electrical resistance 22. Thus, the latter can be embedded in the thickness of the glass constituting the pane or arranged in a plastic film bonded to the glazed surface 6. However, it is essential that the window, provided with a defrosting device 21, has one of its faces in contact with the outside atmosphere of the dwelling. Thus, in the case of a glazed surface 6, constituted by an insulating double glazing, only the glass in contact with the outside will have an electrical resistance 22, either embedded in the glass, or stuck on the face facing outward . On the other hand, if the glazed surface 6 is constituted by a single glazing, the electrical resistance 22 will either be embedded in the glass, or preferably stuck on the face directed towards the interior of the dwelling.

Dans tous les cas, les résistances électriques 22 des dispositifs de dégivrage 21 sont reliées, par des moyens de liaison 24, à une alimentation 25 en énergie électrique disposée à l'intérieur de l'habitation.In all cases, the electrical resistances 22 of the defrosting devices 21 are connected, by connection means 24, to a supply 25 of electrical energy disposed inside the dwelling.

On se réfère à la figure 2.We refer to figure 2.

Selon un mode d'exécution préférentiel de la présente invention, ces moyens de liaison 24 sont logés dans l'un ou dans les deux pivots 7. A cet effet, le pivot 7 comporte un arbre 26 creux servant d'arbre de rotation de l'ouvrant 5 par rapport au dormant 2. Dans cet arbre 26 creux est logé un câble électrique 27 reliant la résistance électrique 22 à l'alimentation 25.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, these connecting means 24 are housed in one or in the two pivots 7. For this purpose, the pivot 7 comprises a hollow shaft 26 serving as a shaft for rotation of the opening 5 with respect to the frame 2. In this hollow shaft 26 is housed an electrical cable 27 connecting the electrical resistance 22 to the power supply 25.

Lors de l'ouverture de la fenêtre de toit 1, donc de la rotation de l'ouvrant 5 autour de l'axe 8, on confère au câble électrique 27 une légère torsion. La variation de longueur résultant de cette dernière est d'une importance minime et peut être considérée comme nulle. Il sera nécessaire de prévoir une liaison électrique déconnectable entre la résistance électrique 22 et le câble électrique 27 de manière à pouvoir démonter l'ouvrant 5 et le retirer du dormant 2.During the opening of the roof window 1, therefore of the rotation of the opening 5 around the axis 8, the electrical cable 27 is given a slight twist. The variation in length resulting from the latter is of minimal importance and can be considered as zero. It will be necessary to provide an disconnectable electrical connection between the electrical resistance 22 and the electrical cable 27 so as to be able to disassemble the leaf 5 and remove it from the frame 2.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les pivots 7 constituent les moyens de liaison 24 entre la résistance électrique 22 et l'alimentation 25, chaque pivot 7 ayant une des polarités.According to another embodiment, the pivots 7 constitute the connecting means 24 between the electrical resistance 22 and the power supply 25, each pivot 7 having one of the polarities.

Dans ce cas, les pivots 7 sont nécessairement isolés par rapport à la structure 3 du toit 4 et du cadre 18 de l'ouvrant 5 mais également par rapport aux éventuels contacts avec un utilisateur. Par ailleurs, la surface vitrée 6 de la fenêtre de toit 1 ne peut comporter qu'un seul dispositif de dégivrage 21.In this case, the pivots 7 are necessarily insulated with respect to the structure 3 of the roof 4 and of the frame 18 of the opening 5 but also with respect to any contact with a user. Furthermore, the glazed surface 6 of the roof window 1 can only comprise a single defrosting device 21.

Cette liaison électrique par l'intermédiaire des pivots 7 peut être du type permanent ou du type déconnectable lors de l'ouverture de la fenêtre de toit 1. Dans ce deuxième cas, les pivots 7 sont pourvus d'un contacteur actionné lors de la fermeture de l'ouvrant 5.This electrical connection by means of the pivots 7 may be of the permanent type or of the disconnectable type when the roof window 1 is opened. In this second case, the pivots 7 are provided with a contactor actuated during closing. opening 5.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention, le contacteur est composé d'une bille sous contrainte élastique solidaire de la partie mobile du pivot 7, coopérant, lors de la fermeture de l'ouvrant 5, avec une surface sous tension disposée sur la partie fixe du pivot 7 et reliée à l'alimentation 25.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the contactor is composed of a ball under elastic stress secured to the movable part of the pivot 7, cooperating, when the opening 5 is closed, with a tensioned surface disposed on the fixed part of the pivot 7 and connected to the power supply 25.

On se réfère à la figure 1.We refer to figure 1.

Il peut s'avérer très intéressant de munir d'un dispositif de dégivrage 21 les fenêtres de toit 1 dont les pivots 7 ne peuvent pas constituer les moyens de liaison 24 ou ne comportent pas un arbre 26 creux. A cet effet, et selon une caractéristique de la présente invention, les moyens de liaison 24 sont du type escamotable et constitués par des fiches électriques mâles 28 coopérant avec des fiches électriques femelles 29. Pour des raisons de sécurité, il est indispensable de disposer les fiches électriques mâles 28 sur l'ouvrant 5, de manière à éviter tout risque de contact avec l'alimentation 25 en énergie électrique.It can be very advantageous to provide a defrosting device 21 for the roof windows 1, the pivots 7 of which cannot constitute the connecting means 24 or do not include a hollow shaft 26. To this end, and according to a characteristic of the present invention, the connecting means 24 are of the retractable type and constituted by male electrical plugs 28 cooperating with female electrical plugs 29. For safety reasons, it is essential to have the male electrical plugs 28 on the opening 5, so as to avoid any risk of contact with the supply 25 of electrical energy.

Dans la figure 1, les fiches électriques mâles 28 et les fiches électriques femelles 29 ont été disposées respectivement sur le bord inférieur 30 du cadre 18 de l'ouvrant 5 et sur le bord inférieur 31 du cadre 17 du dormant 2. Il est évident que ces fiches peuvent être placées en tout autre endroit. Toutefois, en les disposant préférentiellement sur la partie 32 de la fenêtre de toit 1, située au-dessous de l'axe 8, il n'est pas nécessaire, pour la mise en place de ces fiches, de modifier la structure des feuillures du cadre 18 de l'ouvrant 5, ni celle du cadre 17 du dormant 2. D'autre part, en plaçant les fiches électriques mâles 28 et femelles 29 en un endroit sur la fenêtre de toit 1 le plus éloigné de l'axe 8 de rotation de l'ouvrant 5, leur déconnection, lors de l'ouverture de la fenêtre de toit 1, sera immédiate garantissant ainsi une meilleure sécurité du dispositif de dégivrage 21.In FIG. 1, the male electrical plugs 28 and the female electrical plugs 29 have been disposed respectively on the lower edge 30 of the frame 18 of the leaf 5 and on the lower edge 31 of the frame 17 of the frame 2. It is obvious that these cards can be placed in any other place. However, by preferably placing them on the part 32 of the roof window 1, located below the axis 8, it is not necessary, for the installation of these sheets, to modify the structure of the rebates of the frame 18 of the opening 5, nor that of the frame 17 of the frame 2. On the other hand, by placing the male 28 and female 29 electrical plugs in a location on the roof window 1 furthest from the axis 8 of rotation of the opening 5, their disconnection, when the roof window 1 is opened, will be immediate, thus ensuring better security of the defrosting device 21.

Il est à remarquer, qu'un tel dispositif de dégivrage 21 comportant une résistance électrique 22 pouvant être collée sur la surface vitrée 6 et des moyens de liaison escamotables 24, peut être rapporté facilement sur tout type de fenêtre de toit 1 préexistant. A cet effet, la résistance électrique 22 est disposée sur un support en matière plastique transparente et encollée d'un côté, ce support étant fixé sur la surface vitrée 6 de la fenêtre de toit 1. Par suite, il suffit d'une part, de solidariser les fiches électriques mâles 28 sur le bord inférieur 30 du cadre 19 de l'ouvrant 5 et, ce, de manière à ce qu'elles soient dirigées vers l'intérieur de l'habitation et, d'autre part, de fixer les fiches électriques femelles 29 sur le bord inférieur 31 du cadre 17 du dormant 2, en concordance avec les fiches électriques mâles 28.It should be noted that such a deicing device 21 comprising an electrical resistance 22 which can be bonded to the glazed surface 6 and retractable connecting means 24, can be easily attached to any type of pre-existing roof window 1. For this purpose, the electrical resistance 22 is placed on a transparent plastic support and glued on one side, this support being fixed on the glass surface 6 of the roof window 1. Consequently, on the one hand, it suffices, to secure the male electrical plugs 28 on the lower edge 30 of the frame 19 of the opening 5 and this, so that they are directed towards the interior of the dwelling and, on the other hand, to fix the female electrical plugs 29 on the lower edge 31 of the frame 17 of the frame 2, in accordance with the male electrical plugs 28.

Finalement, les fiches électriques mâles 28 sont reliées à la résistance électrique 22 et les fiches électriques femelles 29 sont connectées à l'alimentation 25 en passant par un interrupteur de commande.Finally, the male electrical plugs 28 are connected to the electrical resistance 22 and the female electrical plugs 29 are connected to the power supply 25 by passing through a control switch.

Ainsi, ces dispositifs de dégivrage 21 peuvent être commercialisés indépendamment de la fenêtre de toit 1.Thus, these deicing devices 21 can be marketed independently of the roof window 1.

Claims (7)

1. Roof window (1) composed of a mobile element (5) connected, via pivots (7) having hollow shafts (26), to a fixed element (2), the said mobile element (5) being provided with a glazed surface (6) fitted with a defrosting device (21) formed by an electric resistor (22) connected to an electric power supply (25) with the help of electric cables (27) housed in the hollow shaft (26) of at least one of the pivots (7), the latter comprising a contactor actuated upon the closing of the mobile element (5), characterized by the fact that the said contactor is composed of a spring-loaded sphere, integral with the mobile portion of the pivot (7), cooperating, upon the closing of the mobile element (5), with an energized surface located on the fixed portion of the pivot (7) and connected to the electric power supply (25).
2. Roof window (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the glazed surface (6) comprises two defrosting devices (21) the electric resistors (22) of which are connected independently of one another to the electric power supply (25).
3. Roof window (1) according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the electric resistors (22) of the two defrosting devices (21) are nested in on another.
4. Roof window (1) according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that an electric resistor (22) of a defrosting device (21) is placed on the glazed surface (6) on either side of the median plane (9) of the roof window (1).
5. Roof window (1) according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the defrosting device or devices (21) are located on the inner face of a glazed surface (6) composed of single glazing.
6. Roof window (1) according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the defrosting device or devices (21) are located on the face, in contact with the outside atmosphere, of a glazed surface (6) composed of double glazing.
7. Roof window (1) according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the electric resistor or resistors (22) are either embedded in the glass constituting the glazed surface or placed in a plastic film bonded thereonto.
EP87440079A 1986-12-04 1987-11-27 Defrosting device for a roof window Expired - Lifetime EP0274974B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87440079T ATE51266T1 (en) 1986-12-04 1987-11-27 DEFROST DEVICE FOR ROOF WINDOWS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8617112A FR2607849A1 (en) 1986-12-04 1986-12-04 DEFROSTING DEVICE FOR ROOF WINDOW
FR8617112 1986-12-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0274974A1 EP0274974A1 (en) 1988-07-20
EP0274974B1 true EP0274974B1 (en) 1990-03-21

Family

ID=9341645

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87440079A Expired - Lifetime EP0274974B1 (en) 1986-12-04 1987-11-27 Defrosting device for a roof window

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0274974B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63142143A (en)
AT (1) ATE51266T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3761993D1 (en)
DK (1) DK636187A (en)
ES (1) ES2013646B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2607849A1 (en)
GR (1) GR3000551T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4111150A1 (en) * 1991-04-06 1992-10-08 Kronenberg Gmbh H & J Two-piece spring-loaded interlocking electrical safety switch - comprises two separate housings with interlocking covers that engage together and rotate before making contact
DE20204263U1 (en) * 2002-03-17 2003-07-31 Doeppner Kunststoffenster Kg Building roof element

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE600994C (en) * 1931-12-11 1934-08-04 Hans Albrecht Dipl Ing Electrically heated wired glass to remove moisture deposits, especially for shop windows and means of transport
CH419531A (en) * 1964-05-04 1966-08-31 W & H Umiker Geb Equipment on skylights and windows made of glass blocks to prevent snow and ice on the outside and the formation of condensation on the inside, as well as processes for their production
US3428738A (en) * 1966-03-17 1969-02-18 Elco Corp Hinge with conductors passing therethrough
FR2180433A1 (en) * 1972-04-17 1973-11-30 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson
DE3004457A1 (en) * 1980-02-07 1981-08-13 Vereinigte Glaswerke Gmbh, 5100 Aachen PIVOTING CAR WINDOW
DE3203476A1 (en) * 1982-02-03 1983-08-11 Wilh. Frank Gmbh, 7022 Leinfelden-Echterdingen Skylight

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE51266T1 (en) 1990-04-15
ES2013646B3 (en) 1990-05-16
DK636187A (en) 1988-06-05
DE3761993D1 (en) 1990-04-26
FR2607849A1 (en) 1988-06-10
EP0274974A1 (en) 1988-07-20
GR3000551T3 (en) 1991-07-31
DK636187D0 (en) 1987-12-03
JPS63142143A (en) 1988-06-14

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