EP0273950A1 - Process and device for producing turned parts from rods. - Google Patents

Process and device for producing turned parts from rods.

Info

Publication number
EP0273950A1
EP0273950A1 EP87904380A EP87904380A EP0273950A1 EP 0273950 A1 EP0273950 A1 EP 0273950A1 EP 87904380 A EP87904380 A EP 87904380A EP 87904380 A EP87904380 A EP 87904380A EP 0273950 A1 EP0273950 A1 EP 0273950A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
axis
collet
profile grinding
turned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87904380A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0273950B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Waelti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tschudin Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik
Original Assignee
Tschudin Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tschudin Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik filed Critical Tschudin Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik
Priority to AT87904380T priority Critical patent/ATE73036T1/en
Publication of EP0273950A1 publication Critical patent/EP0273950A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0273950B1 publication Critical patent/EP0273950B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/01—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor for combined grinding of surfaces of revolution and of adjacent plane surfaces on work

Definitions

  • the present invention relates on the one hand to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1, by means of which profiled turned parts, which can have rectangular flanks on both sides, can be produced directly by grinding from a bar without a Vietnamese dressing operation.
  • the present invention relates to a device for performing this method.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method and a device by means of which the disadvantages of the conventional manufacture of turned parts from rod are overcome and inexpensive, high-precision, axially symmetrical profiled turned parts can be produced from rod.
  • this object is achieved on the one hand by a method as defined in claim 1.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the arrangement of a second part of the device according to the invention, in which a second operation of the method according to the invention for producing the turned part is carried out, seen from above, and
  • Fig. 4 shows an arrangement of the inventive device, in which the two parts of the device are summarized 'and the rotary part is processed simultaneously by two slices Profilschleif ⁇ .
  • a turned part as can be produced by means of the method according to the invention in the device also according to the invention solely by grinding from a rod of round steel.
  • a turned part should have a length of approx. 50 mm and an average diameter of approx. 4.8 mm, which has to be ground to an accuracy of 0.005 mm and its ends should have a maximum impact of 0.001 mm.
  • the two part ends 1 'and 10 and the paragraph 5 and the exemption transition 6, but also the flank 8 of the groove 7, are absolutely perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the turned part.
  • the rotary part shown has cylindrical parts, which are an end pin 1, an exemption 2, a large diameter 3 and a small diameter 4, and are to be ground precisely at right angles to the longitudinal axis A of the rotary part Surfaces, namely a partial end 1 ', a shoulder 5, an exemption transition 6, a groove flank 8 and a partial end 10.
  • the small diameter 4 is offset from the large diameter 3 by a groove 7 and, as mentioned, the groove 7 has a rectangular groove flank 8 on one side and an inclined phase 9 on the other side.
  • this representative turned part chosen for the illustration of the present invention is an extraordinarily demanding part, which is extremely difficult to manufacture with the conventional methods and with the conventional means, and its series production by means of the conventional one
  • the process of decolleting and step-by-step grinding of the different diameters, shoulders, flanks and angles comes at a high price, since it has to be clamped and processed several times differently.
  • this demanding part is very well suited to show the advantages and possibilities of the present invention compared to the conventional manufacturing processes of such parts.
  • Flg. 2 shows a rod 13 of round material, which can be unhardened or hardened steel, which rod 13 is pushed through a first collet 14 of a tool spindle stick 15 and from which the turned parts are to be molded in series.
  • a second collet 16 is arranged in a synchronous tool headstock 17 on the same axis B, into which the rod 13 or. a rotating part 18 still connected to the rod 13 is inserted up to an adjustable and adjustable stop 19.
  • the tool headstock 15 and the synchronous tool headstock 17 are advantageously components of an NC-controlled grinding machine, which enables automatic control of all work processes and operations.
  • Axis B which represents the axis of the collet and coincides with the longitudinal axis A of the rotating part to be grinded out of rod 13 is not arranged at a right angle to the feed axis of the profile grinding wheel 20 illustrated by the double arrow C, but is inclined to it.
  • the axis of rotation D of the profile grinding wheel 20 is opposite the longitudinal axis A of the rotating part 18, respectively. with respect to the intermediate collet axis B, inclined to the same extent. An inclination of approx.
  • the profiled grinding wheel 20 is designed such that in one operation, but possibly in the course of several recesses, the end pin 1, the clearance 2 and the large diameter 3 > and, at the same time, the rectangular surfaces adjoining this diameter, here the shoulder 5 and the release transition 6 of a first rotary part 18 * and the part end 1 'of the rotary part 18 which has already been advanced into the second collet 16 and is machined to the part end 1'.
  • the small diameter 4 can be pre-ground on this occasion. However, this could also be pre-ground on a further turned part, which is still essentially in the first collet 14.
  • the support bezel 21 is arranged accordingly ⁇ net.
  • the groove flank 8 and the part end 10 can again be ground, again possibly in the course of several recesses, according to FIG. 3 by a second profile grinding wheel 20 ′. become.
  • the small diameter 4 can be finished.
  • the profile grinding wheel 20 ' like the profile grinding wheel 20, is arranged inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the rotating part 18, although this inclination of its axis of rotation D' with respect to the perpendicular to the collet axis B is a mirror image of that of the profile grinding wheel 20.
  • the second collet 16 in the synchronous tool headstock 17 is advantageously opened and retracted in such a way that it partially enters it guided and separated from the rod 13 rotating part 18 can be pushed out of it by means of the stop 19 before the rod 13 is advanced until the rotating part 18 'still connected to it is inserted into the second collet 16 in place of the rotating part 18 . Then, possibly after a prior removal of the profile grinding wheels 20 and 20 ', the above-described two-part grinding process takes place again, in which a further turned part is pre-ground and the turned part 18' is finished ground.
  • a critical diameter of the turned part during the grinding process may be monitored by means of a diameter measuring head 22 in such a way that the profile disk feed can be controlled as a function of this part dimension.
  • turned parts 18 produced are, 'they provided of hardened rods 13 are ground out, finished and require no post more. Even if the turned parts 18 are ground out of unhardened rods 13, they are considerably more dimensionally stable and their surfaces finer than if they were colletage operation would have been made. Nevertheless, it may be necessary to finish them after hardening in order to guarantee the desired precision. In such a case, the rotating parts 18 are therefore at least partially provided with excesses, which are only removed to size on the occasion of grinding.
  • an automatic bar reloading device is used, thanks to the invention, a fully automatic turned part production can be realized, which does not require manual readjustment of the processing tools, because the profile grinding wheels can be removed directly on the NC-controlled grinding machines by means of diamond rollers and automatically adjusted ⁇ be directed, as is known to those skilled in the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/CH87/00089 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 17, 1988 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 17, 1988 PCT Filed Jul. 17, 1987 PCT Pub. No. WO88/00513 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 28, 1988.In order to fabricate turned parts (18) out of a steel rod or bar (13) solely by grinding, the latter is chucked in oppositely disposed collets (14, 16) and is ground by two profiled grinding discs (20, 20') which act on it either sequentially or simultaneously. The two profiled grinding discs are advanced to (and plunged into) the rod or bar (13) (for plunge-cut grinding) at an acute angle of attitude thereto, and said discs rotate on respective axes (D, D') which are inclined with respect to the axis (B) passing through the collects. In this way, surfaces (1', 5, 6, 8, 10) which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (A) of the rod or bar and which may even face in opposite directions can be produced without having to rechuck the turned part (18). The usual types of profiled turned part segments (1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9) may also be produced at the same time.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Drehteilen ab Stange. Method and device for producing turned parts from bars.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einerseits ein Verfahren gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1, mittels wel¬ chem profilierte Drehteile, die beidseitig rechtwinklige Flanken aufweisen können, ab Stange ohne Decolletage-Opera- tion direkt durch Schleifen hergestellt werden können.The present invention relates on the one hand to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1, by means of which profiled turned parts, which can have rectangular flanks on both sides, can be produced directly by grinding from a bar without a décolletage operation.
Andererseits betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine Vor¬ richtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens, gemäss Patent¬ anspruch 8.On the other hand, the present invention relates to a device for performing this method.
Es ist bekannt, bezüglich ihrer Längsachse symmetrische pro¬ filierte Drehteile mittels Decolletage ab Stange, das heisst ab einer in der Regel runden Querschnitt aufweisenden unge¬ härteten Stahlstange, herzustellen. Derartige Teile können, sofern an ihre Masshaltigkeit und Achssymmetrie hohe Anfor¬ derungen gestellt werden, nach dem Decolletieren und gegebe¬ nenfalls einem Härten, noch auf Mass geschliffen werden.It is known to produce profiled turned parts symmetrical with respect to their longitudinal axis by means of décolletage from a bar, that is to say from an uncured steel bar which generally has a round cross section. Such parts can, if their dimensional stability and axis symmetry have high requirements, be ground to size after decolleting and, if necessary, hardening.
Dieses traditionelle Verfahren, das unter anderem in der Uh¬ renindustrie und Feinmechanik weit verbreitet ist, weist un¬ ter anderen den grossen Nachteil auf, dass aufgrund der re¬ lativ hohen Werkzeugabnützung die decolletierten oder ge¬ drehten Teile einer Serie relativ grosse Massunterschiede aufweisen, die es gegebenenfalls im Rahmen nachfolgender SchleifOperationen auszugleichen gilt. Durch die Verwendung von Hartmetallwerkzeugen hat man versucht, diesen bekannten Nachteil so weit als möglich zu eliminieren. Uebrig geblie¬ ben ist aber ein weiterer Nachteil dieses Herstellverfah¬ rens: zum Nachschleifen der Schneidewerkzeuge müssen diese aus der Decolletagemaschine ausgebaut und nachträglich wie¬ der eingebaut und neu justiert werden, was zeitaufwendig ist und das sonst an sich kostengünstige Herstellverfahren von Massenteilen verteuert. Durch die Massdifferenzen der Dreh¬ teile ein und derselben Serie wird auch ein eventuell nach¬ folgendes auf Mass schleifen der gehär-teten oder ungehärte¬ ten Teile schwierig, muss doch die Schleifscheibe, insbeson¬ dere bei sehr feinen Drehteilen, sehr langsam an diese her¬ angefahren werden, denn ihre Rohmasse sind von Stück zu Stück unterschiedlich. Das führt auch dazu, dass der Schleifvorgang, speziell wenn hochpräzise Teile gefertigt werden müssen, vom Schlei beginn bis zum Ausfeuern unter¬ schiedlich lang wird oder sich von Stück zu Stück unter¬ schiedliche Schleiftiefen ergeben, was wiederum problema¬ tisch sein kann.This traditional method, which is widely used in the watch industry and precision engineering, among other things, has the major disadvantage that, due to the relatively high tool wear, the decolleted or rotated parts of a series have relatively large dimensional differences, which may need to be compensated for in subsequent grinding operations. By using hard metal tools, attempts have been made to eliminate this known disadvantage as far as possible. What remains, however, is a further disadvantage of this manufacturing method: for regrinding the cutting tools, they have to be removed from the cleavage machine and subsequently re-installed and readjusted, which is time-consuming and is otherwise an inexpensive manufacturing process Mass parts more expensive. Due to the dimensional differences of the turned parts of one and the same series, it is also difficult to subsequently grind the hardened or unhardened parts to size, since the grinding wheel, particularly in the case of very fine turned parts, has to reach them very slowly ¬ can be approached, because their raw mass varies from piece to piece. This also leads to the fact that the grinding process, especially when high-precision parts have to be manufactured, has different lengths from the start of grinding to firing or that different grinding depths result from piece to piece, which in turn can be problematic.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grun¬ de, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, mit¬ tels welchen die Nachteile der herkömmlichen Fertigung von Drehteilen ab Srange «überwunden werden und kostengünstig hochpräzise achssymmetrische profilierte Drehteile ab Stange herstellbar sind. * The present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method and a device by means of which the disadvantages of the conventional manufacture of turned parts from rod are overcome and inexpensive, high-precision, axially symmetrical profiled turned parts can be produced from rod. *
Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe einerseits durch ein Verfahren gelöst, wie es Patentanspruch 1 definiert.According to the invention, this object is achieved on the one hand by a method as defined in claim 1.
Andererseits durch eine Vorrichtung gemäss Patentanspruch 8.On the other hand, by a device according to claim 8.
Dank der Erfindung ist es demnach erstmals möglich, ratio¬ nell und wirtscha lich hochpräzise achssymmetrische Dreh¬ teile ab Stange nur durch Schleifen herzustellen. In vielen Fällen kann dadurch ein nachträgliches auf Mass schleifen entfallen. Zudem können bereits gehärtete Stähle verarbeitet werden, was ein nachträgliches Härten und Nachschleifen der Drehteile erübrigt.Thanks to the invention, it is therefore possible for the first time to produce rationally and economically highly precise axially symmetrical turned parts from bars only by grinding. In many cases, this means that subsequent grinding to size is not necessary. In addition, hardened steels can be processed, which eliminates the need for subsequent hardening and regrinding of the turned parts.
Weitere Vorteile und Details der Erfindung gehen aus der folgenden Beschreibung und der dieser zugeordneten Zeichnung hervor. Darin wird die Erfindung an einem speziell schwieri- gen Massenteil mit lotrechten Einstichen und Enden näher er¬ läutert.Further advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the associated drawing. The invention is based on a particularly difficult gene mass part with vertical punctures and ends explained in more detail.
In der Zeichnung zeigtIn the drawing shows
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht dieses Drehteiles in vergrössertem Massstab,1 is a side view of this rotating part on an enlarged scale,
Fig. 2 schematisch die Anordnung eines ersten Teiles der er- findungsgemässen Vorrichtung, in welcher ein erster Arbeits¬ gang des erfindungsgemassen Verfahrens zur Herstellung des Drehteiles vorgenommen wird, von oben her gesehen,2 schematically, the arrangement of a first part of the device according to the invention, in which a first operation of the method according to the invention for producing the turned part is carried out, seen from above,
Fig. 3 schematisch die Anordnung eines zweiten Teiles der erindungsgemässen Vorrichtung, in welcher ein zweiter Ar¬ beitsgang des erfindungsgemassen Verfahrens zur Herstellung des Drehteiles vorgenommen wird, von oben her gesehen, und3 schematically shows the arrangement of a second part of the device according to the invention, in which a second operation of the method according to the invention for producing the turned part is carried out, seen from above, and
Fig. 4 eine Anordnung der erfindungsgemassen Vorrichtung, in welcher die beiden Teile der Vorrichtung zusammengefasst sind' und das Drehteil gleichzeitig durch zwei Profilschleif¬ scheiben bearbeitet wird.Fig. 4 shows an arrangement of the inventive device, in which the two parts of the device are summarized 'and the rotary part is processed simultaneously by two slices Profilschleif¬.
Fig. 1 zeigt in vergrössertem Massstab ein Drehteil, wie es mittels dem erfindungsgemassen Verfahren in der ebenfalls erfindungsgemassen Vorrichtung alleine durch Schleifen aus einer Stange von Rundstahl erzeugbar ist. Angenommen, ein derartiges Drehteil soll eine Länge von ca 50 mm und einen mittleren Durchmesser von ca 4,8 mm aufweisen, der auf 0,005 mm genau geschliffen werden muss und seine Enden sollen ei¬ nen maximalen Schlag von 0,001 mm aufweisen. Zudem sollen die beiden Teilenden 1' und 10 sowie der Absatz 5 und der Freistellungsübergang 6, aber auch die Flanke 8 der Nut 7, absolut lotrecht zur Längsachse A des Drehteils stehen.1 shows, on an enlarged scale, a turned part, as can be produced by means of the method according to the invention in the device also according to the invention solely by grinding from a rod of round steel. Assume that such a turned part should have a length of approx. 50 mm and an average diameter of approx. 4.8 mm, which has to be ground to an accuracy of 0.005 mm and its ends should have a maximum impact of 0.001 mm. In addition, the two part ends 1 'and 10 and the paragraph 5 and the exemption transition 6, but also the flank 8 of the groove 7, are absolutely perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the turned part.
Mit herkömmlichen Techniken und Herstellverfahren ist ein solches Drehteil nicht in einer einzigen Bearbeitung her¬ stellbar, insbesondere, wenn die Oberflächen des Drehteils fein geschliffen sein müssen. Dank der Erfindung ist ein solches Drehteil-aber vollautomatisch ab Stange herstellbar, womit offensichtlich wird, welch enorme Verbesserungen die Erfindung in der Serienfertigung auch schwieriger hochprä- zieser Drehteile gegenüber den heutigen Herstellverfahren bringt. Wie er-sichtlich weist das dargestellte Drehteil zy¬ lindrische Teile, bei denen es sich um einen Endzapfen 1, eine Freistellung 2, einen grossen Durchmesser 3 und einen kleinen Durchmesser 4 handelt, und präzise im rechten Winkel zu der Längsaches A des Drehteiles zu schleifende Flächen, nämlich ein Teilende 1', einen Absatz 5, einen Freistel¬ lungsübergang 6, eine Nutenflanke 8 und ein Teilende 10, auf. Der kleine Durchmesser 4 ist durch eine Nut 7 vom gros¬ sen Druchmesser 3 abgesetzt und die Nut 7 weist, wie er¬ wähnt, einseitig eine rechtwinklige Nutenflanke 8 und -auf der anderen Seite eine geneigte Phase 9 auf.With conventional techniques and manufacturing processes, one is Such a turned part cannot be produced in a single machining operation, especially if the surfaces of the turned part have to be finely ground. Thanks to the invention, such a turned part can be produced fully automatically from a bar, which makes it clear what enormous improvements the invention brings to the serial production of difficult, high-precision turned parts compared to today's manufacturing processes. As can be seen, the rotary part shown has cylindrical parts, which are an end pin 1, an exemption 2, a large diameter 3 and a small diameter 4, and are to be ground precisely at right angles to the longitudinal axis A of the rotary part Surfaces, namely a partial end 1 ', a shoulder 5, an exemption transition 6, a groove flank 8 and a partial end 10. The small diameter 4 is offset from the large diameter 3 by a groove 7 and, as mentioned, the groove 7 has a rectangular groove flank 8 on one side and an inclined phase 9 on the other side.
Der Fachmann erkennt, dass es sich bei diesem für die Illu¬ stration der vorliegenden Erfindung gewählten repräsentati¬ ven Drehteil um ein ausserordentlich anspruchsvolles Teil handelt, das mit den herkömmlichen Verfahren und mit den herkömmlichen Mitteln ausserordentlich schwierig zu fertigen ist und dessen Serienfertigung mittels dem herkömmlichen Verfahren des Decolletierens und schrittweisen Schleifens der unterschiedlichen Durchmesser, Absätze, Flanken und Win¬ kel teuer zu stehen kommt, muss es doch mehrmals unter¬ schiedlich eingespannt und bearbeitet werden. Dieses an¬ spruchsvolle Teil eignet sich aber sehr gut dazu, die Vor¬ teile und Möglichkeiten der gegenständlichen Erfindung ge¬ genüber den herkömmlichen Herstellverfahren solcher Teile darzulegen.The person skilled in the art recognizes that this representative turned part chosen for the illustration of the present invention is an extraordinarily demanding part, which is extremely difficult to manufacture with the conventional methods and with the conventional means, and its series production by means of the conventional one The process of decolleting and step-by-step grinding of the different diameters, shoulders, flanks and angles comes at a high price, since it has to be clamped and processed several times differently. However, this demanding part is very well suited to show the advantages and possibilities of the present invention compared to the conventional manufacturing processes of such parts.
Für die Beurteilung der Vorteile, die die vorliegende Erfin¬ dung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik bringt, ist davon aus- zugehen, dass bei jedem zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Drehteiles zuerst mittels einer Decolletage-Operation ein Rohling aus einer ungehärteten Stahlstange herausgedreht wird, worauf dieser Rohling gehärtet und im Rahmen von mehreren einzelnen Schleif-Operationen, bei denen zuerst in einer ersten Ein- spannung des Rohlings der Endzapfen 1, die Freistellung 2 und der grosse Durchmesser 3 sowie das Teilende 1 '•, der Ab¬ satz 5 und der Freistellungsübergang 6, dann, in einer zwei¬ ten Einspannung des Drehteils, der kleine Durchmesser 4 und die Nutenflanke 8 sowie das Teilende 10 geschliffen werden. Dabei ist es nahezu unmöglich, die geforderte Achsparalleli¬ tät mit dem als maximal zulässig bezeichneten Schlag sicher¬ zustellen, denn für das Zylindrischschleifen der Freistel¬ lung 2 und des Absatzes 3 ist der Rohling anders einge¬ spannt, als für das Schleifen des kleinen Durchmessers 4.For the assessment of the advantages that the present invention brings over the prior art, assume that in each state-of-the-art method for producing such a turned part, a blank is first turned out of an unhardened steel rod by means of a décolletage operation, whereupon this blank is hardened and in the course of several individual grinding operations, in which first in one first clamping of the blank of the end pins 1, the relief 2 and the large diameter 3 and the part end 1 ' • , the paragraph 5 and the relief transition 6, then, in a second clamping of the turned part, the small diameter 4 and the groove flank 8 and the part end 10 are ground. It is almost impossible to ensure the required axis parallelism with the stroke designated as the maximum permissible, because the blank is clamped differently for the cylindrical grinding of the relief 2 and the heel 3 than for the grinding of the small diameter 4th
In Flg. 2 erkennt man eine Stange 13 von Rundmaterial, das ungehärteter oder gehärteter Stahl sein kann, welche Stange 13 durch eine erste Spannzange 14 eines Werzeugspindelstoc- kes 15 hindurch vorgeschoben wird und aus dem heraus die Drehteile in Serie herauszuformen sind. Der ersten Spannzan¬ ge 14 gegenüber ist auf der selben Achse B eine zweite Spannzange 16 in einem Synchron-Werkzeugspindelstock 17 an¬ geordnet, in die die Stange 13, resp. ein noch mit der Stan¬ ge 13 verbundener Drehteil 18 bis an einen einstell- und verstellbaren Anschlag 19 heran eingeführt ist. Vorteilhaf¬ ter Weise sind der Werkzeugspindelstock 15 und der Syn¬ chron-Werkzeugspindelstock 17 Bestandteile einer NC-gesteu- erten Schleifmaschine, die eine automatische Steuerung aller Arbeitsabläufe und -gänge ermöglicnt.In Flg. 2 shows a rod 13 of round material, which can be unhardened or hardened steel, which rod 13 is pushed through a first collet 14 of a tool spindle stick 15 and from which the turned parts are to be molded in series. Opposite the first collet 14, a second collet 16 is arranged in a synchronous tool headstock 17 on the same axis B, into which the rod 13 or. a rotating part 18 still connected to the rod 13 is inserted up to an adjustable and adjustable stop 19. The tool headstock 15 and the synchronous tool headstock 17 are advantageously components of an NC-controlled grinding machine, which enables automatic control of all work processes and operations.
Ferner erkennt man in Fig. 2 eine Profilschleifscheibe 20 und eine Stützlünette 21. Die Achse B, die die Zwischen¬ spannzangenachse darstellt und mit der Längsachse A des aus der Stange 13 herauszuschleifenden Drehteiles zusammenfällt, ist gegenüber der durch den Doppelpfeil C illustrierten Vor¬ schubachse der Profilschleifscheibe 20 nicht in einem rech¬ ten Winkel angeordnet, sondern liegt geneigt dazu. Die Dre¬ hachse D der Profilschleifscheibe 20 ist gegenüber der Längsachse A des Drehteiles 18, resp. gegenüber der Zwi¬ schenspannzangenachse B, in gleichem Masse geneigt. Eine Neigung von ca 10° hat sich bewährt und ermöglicht es, mit entsprechend geneigten Teilen der Profilschleifscheibe 20, senkrecht zur Längsachse A des Drehteils zu stehen kommende Flächen, wie z.B. das Teilende 1', den Absatz 5 und den Freistellungsübergang 6 korrekt rechtwinklig zur besagten Längsachse A des Drehteiles zu schleifen.2 shows a profile grinding wheel 20 and a support steady rest 21. Axis B, which represents the axis of the collet and coincides with the longitudinal axis A of the rotating part to be grinded out of rod 13, is not arranged at a right angle to the feed axis of the profile grinding wheel 20 illustrated by the double arrow C, but is inclined to it. The axis of rotation D of the profile grinding wheel 20 is opposite the longitudinal axis A of the rotating part 18, respectively. with respect to the intermediate collet axis B, inclined to the same extent. An inclination of approx. 10 ° has proven itself and makes it possible, with correspondingly inclined parts of the profile grinding wheel 20, to face surfaces perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the turned part, such as the part end 1 ', the paragraph 5 and the exemption transition 6 at right angles to the said part Grind longitudinal axis A of the turned part.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Profilschlei scheibe 20 so ausge¬ legt, dass sie in einem Arbeitsgang, möglicherweise aber im Rahmen mehrerer Einstiche, den Endzapfen 1, die Freistellung 2 und den grossen Durchmesser 3> sowie gleichzeitig die an diese Durchmesser angrenzenden rechtwinkligen Flächen, hier den Absatz 5 und den Freistellungsübergang 6 eines ersten Drehteils 18* und das Teilende 1' des bereits in die zweite Spannzange 16 vorgeschobenen, bis auf das Teilende 1' fertig bearbeiteten Drehteils 18 schleift. Der kleine Durchmesser 4 kann bei dieser Gelegenheit vorgeschliffen werden. Dieser könnte aber auch an einem weiteren Drehteil, der noch im we¬ sentlichen in der ersten Spannzange 14 liegt, vorgeschliffen werden. Um zu verhindern, dass der in Bearbeitung stehende Drehteil 18', der ja von dem sich bereits in der zweiten Spannzange 16 befindlichen fertigen Drehteil 18 abgetrennt ist, aus der Achse B herausgedrückt wird, was zu Massfehlern führen würde, ist die Stützlünette 21 entsprechend angeord¬ net.Advantageously, the profiled grinding wheel 20 is designed such that in one operation, but possibly in the course of several recesses, the end pin 1, the clearance 2 and the large diameter 3 > and, at the same time, the rectangular surfaces adjoining this diameter, here the shoulder 5 and the release transition 6 of a first rotary part 18 * and the part end 1 'of the rotary part 18 which has already been advanced into the second collet 16 and is machined to the part end 1'. The small diameter 4 can be pre-ground on this occasion. However, this could also be pre-ground on a further turned part, which is still essentially in the first collet 14. In order to prevent the rotating part 18 ′ being processed, which is separated from the finished rotating part 18 already located in the second collet 16, from being pressed out of the axis B, which would lead to dimensional errors, the support bezel 21 is arranged accordingly ¬ net.
In einem zweiten Arbeitsgang mit unverändert eingespannter Stange 13 können, wiederum möglicherweise im Rahmen mehrerer Einstiche, gemäss Fig. 3 die Nutenflanke 8 und das Teilende 10 durch eine zweite Profilschleifscheibe 20' geschliffen - werden. Bei gleicher Gelegenheit kann der kleine Durchmesser 4 fertiggeschliffen werden. Die Profilschleifscheibe 20' ist, wie die Profilschleifscheibe 20, gegenüber der Längs¬ achse A des Drehteiles 18 geneigt angeordnet, wobei aller¬ dings diese Neigung ihrer Drehachse D' gegenüber der Lo¬ trechten zur Zwischenspannzangenachse B spiegelbildlich zu jener der Profilschleifscheibe 20 ist.In a second operation with the rod 13 clamped unchanged, the groove flank 8 and the part end 10 can again be ground, again possibly in the course of several recesses, according to FIG. 3 by a second profile grinding wheel 20 ′. become. On the same occasion, the small diameter 4 can be finished. The profile grinding wheel 20 ', like the profile grinding wheel 20, is arranged inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the rotating part 18, although this inclination of its axis of rotation D' with respect to the perpendicular to the collet axis B is a mirror image of that of the profile grinding wheel 20.
Sobald der in Bearbeitung stehende Drehteilrohling 18' fer¬ tig vorgeschliffen ist und das Teilende 1' des Drehteils 18 ebenfalls fertiggeschliffen ist, wird vorteilhafterweise die zweite Spannzange 16 im Synchron-Werkzeugspindelstock 17 ge¬ öffnet und so zurückgefahren, dass der teilweise in sie ein¬ geführte und von der Stange 13 getrennte Drehteil 18 mittels des Anschlags 19 aus ihr herausgestossen werden kann, bevor die Stange 13 so weit vorgeschoben wird, bis der noch mit ihr verbundene Drehteil 18' an die Stelle des Drehteiles 18 in die zweite Spannzange 16 eingefahren wird. Dann, even¬ tuell nach einem vorgängigen Abziehen der Profilschleif¬ scheiben 20 und 20', erfolgt wiederum der hiervor beschrie¬ bene zweiteilige Schleifvorgang, bei welchem ein weiterer Drehteil vorgeschliffen und das Drehteil 18' fertiggeschlif¬ fen wird.As soon as the turning part blank 18 'being processed has been pre-ground and the part end 1' of the turning part 18 has also been finish-ground, the second collet 16 in the synchronous tool headstock 17 is advantageously opened and retracted in such a way that it partially enters it guided and separated from the rod 13 rotating part 18 can be pushed out of it by means of the stop 19 before the rod 13 is advanced until the rotating part 18 'still connected to it is inserted into the second collet 16 in place of the rotating part 18 . Then, possibly after a prior removal of the profile grinding wheels 20 and 20 ', the above-described two-part grinding process takes place again, in which a further turned part is pre-ground and the turned part 18' is finished ground.
Es kann angezeigt sein, einen kritischen Durchmesser des Dreh-teiles während des Schleifvorganges mittels eines Durchmessermesskopfes 22 zu überwachen, derart, dass der Profilscheibenvorschub in Abhängigkeit dieses Teilemasses gesteuert werden kann.It may be appropriate to monitor a critical diameter of the turned part during the grinding process by means of a diameter measuring head 22 in such a way that the profile disk feed can be controlled as a function of this part dimension.
Die gemäss obiger Schleifoperation erzeugten Drehteile 18 sind, 'sofern sie aus gehärteten Stangen 13 herausgeschliffen sind, fertig bearbeitet und benötigen keine Nachbearbeitung mehr. Auch wenn die Drehteile 18 aus ungehärteten Stangen 13 herausgeschliffen werden, sind sie wesentlich masshaltiger und deren Oberflächen feiner, als wenn sie mittels einer De- colletageoperation hergestellt worden wären. Dennoch kann es notwendig sein, sie nach einem Härten fertig zu bearbeiten, um die gewünschte Präzision garantieren zu können. In einem solchen Fall wird man daher die Drehteile 18 zumindest teil¬ weise mit Uebermassen versehen, die erst anlässlich des Schleifens auf Mass abgetragen werden.The according to the above grinding operation turned parts 18 produced are, 'they provided of hardened rods 13 are ground out, finished and require no post more. Even if the turned parts 18 are ground out of unhardened rods 13, they are considerably more dimensionally stable and their surfaces finer than if they were colletage operation would have been made. Nevertheless, it may be necessary to finish them after hardening in order to guarantee the desired precision. In such a case, the rotating parts 18 are therefore at least partially provided with excesses, which are only removed to size on the occasion of grinding.
Es kann vorteilhaft sein, die beiden Arbeitsgänge, wie sie anhand der Fig. 2 und 3 beschrieben sind, in einen einzigen Arbeitsgang zusammenzufassen, derart, dass mit den zwei ein¬ ander gegenüber stehenden Profilschleifscheiben 20 und 20' gleichzeitig auf die Stange 13, resp. die Drehteile 18' und 18 eingewirkt wird. Diese Variante der Erfindung ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt.It may be advantageous to combine the two operations, as described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, in a single operation, in such a way that with the two opposing profile grinding wheels 20 and 20 'simultaneously on the rod 13, respectively . the rotating parts 18 'and 18 is acted upon. This variant of the invention is shown in FIG. 4.
Der Fachmann erkennt, dass dank der erfindungsgemassen Vor- richtung und dem erfindungsgemassen Verfahren ein nach her¬ kömmlichen Verfahren nur in mehreren Werkstückeinspannungen realisierbares Drehteil in zwei Arbeitsschritten mit einer einzigen Werkstückeinspannung hergestellt werden kann. Selbstverständlich können gemäss dem erfindungsgemassen Ver¬ fahren und auf erfindungsgemassen Vorrichtungen auch andere Drehteile als das hier beschriebene kostengünstig und mit einer Einspannung gefertigt werden. Es genügt dabei, die Profilschleifscheiben 20 und 20' sowie gegebenenfalls die der Abstützung des Drehteils 18' dienende Stützlünette 21 den konkreten Gegebenheiten anzupassen. Erfinderisches Dazu¬ tun ist dafür nicht mehr notwendig.The person skilled in the art recognizes that, thanks to the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention, a turned part which can only be produced in a number of workpiece clamps by conventional methods can be produced in two work steps with a single workpiece clamp. Of course, according to the method according to the invention and on devices according to the invention, other turned parts than the one described here can also be manufactured inexpensively and with one clamping. It is sufficient to adapt the profile grinding wheels 20 and 20 'and, if necessary, the support bezel 21 serving to support the rotating part 18' to the specific circumstances. Inventive doing this is no longer necessary.
Wenn ein automatisches Stangennachladegerät verwendet wird, kann dank der Erfindung eine vollautomatische Drehteile-Fer¬ tigung realisiert werden, die ohne manuelle Nachjustierung der Bearbeitungswerkzeuge auskommt, denn die Profilschleif¬ scheiben können direkt auf den NC-gesteuerten Schleifmaschi¬ nen mittels Diamantrollen abgezogen und automatisch nachge¬ richtet werden, wie dies dem Fachmann bekannt ist. Wenn an Stelle von Stangen als Ausgangsmaterial für die Her¬ stellung der Drehteile Rollenmaterial verwendet wird, was dank der wesentlich niedrigeren Drehzahlen, die ein zu schleifendes Teil gegenüber einem zu decolletierenden Teil aufweisen muss, durchaus möglich ist, kann eine über mehrere Tage vollautomatische Teilefertigung realisiert werden, die ohne Einwirkung durch den Menschen völlig autonom arbeitet, was bei Decolletage-Operationen wegen der zwangsläufig not¬ wendig werdenden Nachschleifoperationen der Stechbeutel aus- serhalb der Maschine, und deren nachträglicher Nachjustie¬ rung in Handarbeit, nicht möglich ist.If an automatic bar reloading device is used, thanks to the invention, a fully automatic turned part production can be realized, which does not require manual readjustment of the processing tools, because the profile grinding wheels can be removed directly on the NC-controlled grinding machines by means of diamond rollers and automatically adjusted ¬ be directed, as is known to those skilled in the art. If, instead of bars, roll material is used as the starting material for the manufacture of the turned parts, which is entirely possible thanks to the much lower speeds that a part to be ground must have compared to a part to be decolleted, part production that is fully automatic over several days can be realized become, which works completely autonomously without human intervention, which is not possible in décolletage operations because of the inevitably necessary regrinding operations of the pouch outside the machine and their subsequent readjustment by hand.
Einzelne Verfahrensschritte und Komponenten der erfindungs¬ gemassen Vorrichtung können modifiziert werden, sofern dies die herzustellenden Formteile verlangen.- Individual process steps and components of the device according to the invention can be modified if the molded parts to be produced require this.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜECHE PATENT CLAIMS
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von bezüglich ihrer Längsachse (A) symmetrischen profilierten Drehteilen ab Stange, bei welchem Verfahren eine Stange (13)> aus der die Drehteile (18) herauszuformen sind, durch eine erste Spannzange (14) in einem Werkzeugspindelstock (15) einer zumindest den Werk¬ zeugspindelstock (15) und einen Synchron-Werkzeugspindel- stock (17) aufweisenden Schleifmaschine auf der Zwischen¬ spannzangenachse (B) bis in eine sich im Synchron-Werkzeugs- pindelstock (17) befindliche zweite Spannzange (16) vorge¬ schoben wird, worauf sie durch eine seitlich heranfahrbare Profilschleifscheibe (20) bearbeitet wird, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, dass die Profilschleifscheibe (20) um eine zur Zwischenspannzangenachse (B) geneigte Achse (D) gedreht und in einem spitzen Winkel an die Stange (13) herangefahren wird, derart, dass durch ihr Einstechen n die Stange (13) zu deren Längsachse (A) rechtwinklig stehende Flächen (1', 5, 6) herstellbar sind, und dass mit einer zweiten Profil¬ schleifscheibe (20'), deren Drehachse (D') gegenüber der Zwischenspannzangenachse (B) ebenfalls geneigt ist, in spit¬ zem Winkel an die Stange herangefahren wird, derart, dass gegenüberstehende senkrechte Flächen (8, 10) an der Stange (13) herstellbar sind.1. A method for producing profiled turned parts from a rod which are symmetrical with respect to their longitudinal axis (A), in which method a rod (13) > from which the turned parts (18) are to be formed, by a first collet (14) in a tool headstock (15) a grinding machine having at least the tool headstock (15) and a synchronous tool headstock (17) on the intermediate chuck axis (B) up to a second collet (16) located in the synchronous tool headstock (17) is pushed, whereupon it is processed by a profile grinding wheel (20) which can be moved to the side, characterized in that the profile grinding wheel (20) is rotated about an axis (D) inclined to the intermediate collet axis (B) and at an acute angle to the rod (13 ) is approached in such a way that by piercing n the rod (13) to its longitudinal axis (A) perpendicular surfaces (1 ', 5, 6) can be produced, and that with a second Profile grinding wheel (20 '), whose axis of rotation (D') is also inclined with respect to the intermediate collet axis (B), is approached to the rod at an acute angle such that opposing vertical surfaces (8, 10) on the rod ( 13) can be produced.
2. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Profilschleifscheiben (20, 20') verwendet werden, die neben den senkrecht stehenden Flächen (1* 5, 6; 8, 10) auch anders orientierte Profilbereiche in die Stange (13) schleifen kön¬ nen.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that profile grinding wheels (20, 20 ') are used which, in addition to the vertical surfaces (1 * 5, 6; 8, 10), can also grind differently oriented profile areas in the rod (13) ¬ nen.
3. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Profilschleifscheiben (20, 20') in einander nach¬ folgenden Arbeitsgängen auf die Stange (13) einwirken.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the two profile grinding wheels (20, 20 ') act on the rod (13) in successive operations.
4. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Profilschleifscheiben (20, 20') von einander ge¬ genüberliegenden Seiten gleichzeitig auf die Stange (13) einwir-ken.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the two profile grinding wheels (20, 20 ') simultaneously act on the rod (13) from opposite sides.
5. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine oder beide Profilschleifscheiben (20, 20') gleichzeitig zumindest zwei aus der Stange (13) herausarbeitbare Drehtei¬ le (18, 18') bearbeiten.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one or both profile grinding wheels (20, 20 ') simultaneously process at least two turning parts (18, 18') which can be worked out of the rod (13).
6. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 3> dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Teil der Stange (13) durch eine Stützlünette (21) abgestützt wird.6. The method according to claim 3 > characterized in that at least part of the rod (13) is supported by a support bezel (21).
7. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit einer Profilschleifscheibe (20) der sich in der zweiten Spannzange (16) befindliche Teil (18') der Stange (13) von dieser abgetrennt wird.7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that with a profile grinding wheel (20) in the second collet (16) located part (18 ') of the rod (13) is separated from this.
8. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss An¬ spruch 1, beinhaltend auf einer Schleifmaschine zumindest einen Werkzeugspindelstock (15) mit einer ersten Spannzange (14) und einen diesem auf einer Achse (B) gegenüber angeord¬ neten Synchron-Werkzeugspindelstock (17) mit einer zweiten Spannzange (16), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zumindest zwei individuell oder gemeinsam Steuer- und einsetzbare Pro¬ filschleifscheiben (20, 20') umfasst, die derart angeodnet sind, dass ihre Drehachsen (D, D') gegenüber der Längsachse (A) der aus der Stange (13) herausformbaren Drehteile (18) geneigt sind und die in einem spitzen Winkel an die Stange (13) heranfahrbar sind.8. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising on a grinding machine at least one tool headstock (15) with a first collet (14) and a synchronous tool headstock (17) arranged on an axis (B) thereof a second collet (16), characterized in that it comprises at least two individually or jointly controllable and usable profile grinding wheels (20, 20 ') which are arranged in such a way that their axes of rotation (D, D') are opposite the longitudinal axis ( A) the rotating parts (18) which can be shaped out of the rod (13) are inclined and which can be moved up to the rod (13) at an acute angle.
9. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie im Synchron-Werkzeugspindelstock (17) einen ver¬ schiebbaren Anschlag (19) für die Stange (13) enhält.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that it contains a displaceable stop (19) for the rod (13) in the synchronous tool headstock (17).
10. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Profilschleifscheiben (20, 20') bezüglich der Zwischenspannzangenachse (A) einander gegenüber angeord¬ net sind.- 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two grinding wheels (20, 20 ') with respect to the intermediate collet chuck axis (A) opposite each other angeord ¬ net sind.-
EP87904380A 1986-07-21 1987-07-17 process and device for producing turned parts from rods Expired - Lifetime EP0273950B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87904380T ATE73036T1 (en) 1986-07-21 1987-07-17 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TURNED PARTS FROM BAR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2913/86A CH669549A5 (en) 1986-07-21 1986-07-21
CH2913/86 1986-07-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0273950A1 true EP0273950A1 (en) 1988-07-13
EP0273950B1 EP0273950B1 (en) 1992-03-04

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ID=4244438

Family Applications (1)

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US (1) US4841682A (en)
EP (1) EP0273950B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01500981A (en)
AT (1) ATE73036T1 (en)
CH (1) CH669549A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3777130D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1988000513A1 (en)

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JPH08155747A (en) * 1994-12-05 1996-06-18 Fuji Oozx Inc Working method for umbrella type workpiece
EP0945216A3 (en) * 1998-03-25 2002-07-17 Unova U.K. Limited Notch grinding tool
US6120356A (en) * 1998-09-02 2000-09-19 Xerox Corporation Grinding wheel with geometrical pattern
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DE102010010758B4 (en) * 2010-03-09 2014-03-06 Erwin Junker Grinding Technology A.S. Centerless cylindrical grinding machine for grinding bar-shaped workpieces and method for centerless cylindrical grinding of bar-shaped workpieces
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US10384326B2 (en) * 2015-12-21 2019-08-20 General Electric Company Surface treatment of turbomachinery
CN110170908B (en) * 2019-03-28 2024-03-22 北京百慕合金有限责任公司 Grinding wheel cutting equipment and cutting method
CN111890162B (en) * 2020-07-30 2022-06-10 惠州帅翼驰铝合金新材料有限公司 Surface polishing mechanism for aluminum bar and operation method thereof
EP4147821A1 (en) * 2021-09-14 2023-03-15 Thielenhaus Technologies GmbH Method and device for machining a hard-material coated surface of a rotationally symmetrical workpiece

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0273950B1 (en) 1992-03-04
ATE73036T1 (en) 1992-03-15
US4841682A (en) 1989-06-27
DE3777130D1 (en) 1992-04-09
JPH01500981A (en) 1989-04-06
WO1988000513A1 (en) 1988-01-28
CH669549A5 (en) 1989-03-31

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