WO1998032556A1

WO1998032556A1 - Method for producing rings by combined chip-removal and forming, and corresponding machine

Info

Publication number: WO1998032556A1
Application number: PCT/DE1997/000099
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas Ficker; Wolfgang Voelkner; Dieter Meier
Original assignee: Technische Universität Dresden; Pittler-Tornos Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh
Priority date: 1995-07-22
Filing date: 1997-01-22
Publication date: 1998-07-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a machine for producing, by combined chip-removal and forming, rings with an inner and outer profile, preferably made from tubing material, for producing ball and roll bearings or similar. This method combines sequential and/or parallel chipping methods such as turning, and forming methods, such as rolling of tubes with an axial profile and/or grooving, on a machine with an integrated rolling device in such a way that several rings can be shaped simultaneously on the inside and outside by forming and/or chip-removal and be made ready for polishing. The invention also relates to a machine for carrying out said method. According to the invention, both the inner and outer profiles of rings can be shaped by forming and/or chip-removal without retooling and in such a way that they are ready for polishing.

Description

Process for the combined machining and forming production of rings and machine for this

The invention relates to a method and a machine for the combined forming and cutting production of internally and externally profiled rings, preferably made of tubular material, for the production of rolling bearing rings, gear rings, cylindrical output rings for the cutting and forming further processing, etc.

The production of profiled rings, in particular roller bearing rings, from preferably tubular material, is carried out either by machining or in a combination of machining and forming processing. In the case of purely machining, which is very material-intensive, highly productive multi-spindle automatic lathes can be used in the dimension range of less than 100 mm outside diameter, one or more, preferably two, ready for grinding by single-ring or multi-ring machining, preferably two-ring machining profiled rings can be manufactured simultaneously from one machine to another without reclamping.

In certain combined processes, a so-called pre-workpiece, that is to say a cylindrical exit ring, is first produced from preferably tubular material, also in a purely machining manner or by a combination of machining and forming processing (DE 36 33 050 Cl, EP 0 133 765 A2, EP 0 013 832 B1) , which is then profiled ready for grinding by axial or tangential profile ring rollers. These combined processes for the production of profiled rings are compared to the pure machining Multi-spindle automatic lathes are more economical in terms of material and less expensive to use, but require at least one more reclamping of the pre-workpiece for profiling the ring, which increases the amount of work involved as a result of the machining required on at least two different machines until a ring ready for grinding is available. The field of application of the methods mentioned is in particular in the dimension range greater than 100 mm outside diameter.

Other manufacturing processes for the production of profiled rings are based on a combination of first forming by means of axial profile tube rolling and / or roll grooving and then machining by turning starting from tube material (DD 225 358 AI) or first machining pre-machining of tube material (DD 292 162 A5) or solid material (DD 292 161 A5) for subsequent forming by axial profile tube rolling and / or grooving as well as final machining of a ring in succession and / or in parallel on a multi-spindle automatic lathe by turning and / or grinding (DD 292 166 A5), but only affect externally profiled Rings, such as Inner rings for radial deep groove ball bearings or tapered roller bearings.

The abovementioned prior art describes processes for producing rings almost exclusively, without statements being made about machines for carrying out the processes. Reference is only made to the use of a multi-spindle automatic lathe known per se. DD 291 259 AI describes a possibility of producing profiled rings of larger outside diameters (> 70 mm), in particular also tapered roller bearing rings, by means of the combination of forming processing by means of axial profile tube rolling and / or roll grooving and machining by machining on a profile rolling machine known per se and a front lathe known per se if both machines are linked. The ring profiled by axial profile tube rolling and / or roller grooving is cut off either reshaping by cutting off or machining by parting off with subsequent machining of all further form and surface elements.

The object of the invention is to combine metal-cutting processes such as turning and metal-forming processes such as axial profile tube rolling and / or roller grooving in such a way that at least one ring can be profiled internally and externally at the same time and / or machined for grinding, in order to achieve besides the known production of externally profiled rings , such as inner bearing rings, also enable the production of internally profiled rings, such as outer bearing rings, with the aforementioned process combination.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method in that machining processes such as turning and shaping processes such as axial profile tube rolling and / or roll grooving are combined in succession and / or in parallel with one machine and at least one ring simultaneously on the inside and outside with the machining of all the others Form and surface elements of the ring, including the separation of the Ring from the tube as the last stage in one operation, is formed and / or machined ready to grind.

Advantageously, the unprocessed tube is pre-turned to size by turning it outside and / or inside before forming.

Due to the design of the process, the inner and outer contour of the ring is either produced by axial tube rolling and / or roll grooving, or one of the two contours is machined by turning in succession and / or parallel. All work stages are carried out in one work step on one machine including the separation of the ring from the pipe.

According to the invention, the object is achieved with a machine for carrying out the method in that a rolling device is provided in a spindle position on a multi-spindle automatic lathe known per se. The profile rolling tools of the rolling device are arranged diametrically, axially displaceably and rotatably and can be subjected to a radial feed force for penetration into the tube. In addition, the feed quill in this spindle position is designed to hold another profile rolling tool.

The machine can be designed as a four, six or eight spindle automatic lathe. A rolling device is to be arranged in at least one spindle position.

It is advantageous to use a six-spindle automatic lathe with the arrangement of the rolling device in spindle position II. Another advantageous embodiment is the design as a special machine with at least two spindle positions, at least one turning and one rolling device being provided.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is that both the inner and the outer profile of rings can be reshaped and / or machined on a machine without reclamping.

This means that, for the first time, in addition to externally profiled rings, such as roller bearing inner rings, also internally profiled rings, such as roller bearing outer rings, can be produced in a single operation in a reshaping and / or machining process.

Further advantages of the invention are mentioned in the following exemplary embodiment and explained in more detail. The drawings show:

Fig. 1 (spindle position I): external overtightening by means of

Overscrewing tools 2 and internal turning by means of

Boring tool 3 of tube 1 Fig. 2 (spindle position II):

External axial profile tube rolling / grooving by means of

Outside profile rolling tool 4 and

Internal axial profile tube rolling / grooving by means of

Internal profile rolling tool 5 Fig. 3 (spindle position III): facing by means of

Facing tool 6 Fig. 4 (spindle position IV): parting off by means of

Parting-off tool 7 of the (first) ring 8 5 (spindle position V): facing by means of facing tool 9

Fig. 6 (spindle position VI): parting off by means of

Parting-off tool 10 of the (second) ring 11

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the

Six-spindle automatic lathes 12 with integrated rolling device 13 in spindle position II (shown without internal profile rolling tool on the feed quill)

8 shows a detailed illustration of the rolling device 13 in two views

FIG. 9 shows a representation according to FIG. 2 by means of an inner profile rolling tool 5 and a smooth counter (support) salt tool 14

10 shows a representation according to FIG. 2 by means of an inner profile rolling tool 5 and an outer profile rolling tool 4

Two outer rings of a radial deep groove ball bearing are to be manufactured in a two-ring process based on tube material. In Figures 1 to 6, the combination of cutting and forming processes according to the invention and the manufacturing process based on pipe. is shown towards the ready-to-grind profiled ring according to the spindle positions I to VI of a six-spindle automatic lathe with integrated rolling device.

Fig. 7 shows the six-spindle automatic lathe required to implement the method with an integrated rolling device. 8 contains a detailed illustration of the rolling device in two views. The production of outer and inner rings is described in FIGS. 9 and 10, wherein tools for the production of one ring each are shown in the figures.

The production process is characterized by an axial division of the cut when turning outside and turning inside in spindle position I (Fig. 1), that is, through advantageous use of tools or advantageous tool design of turning tool 2 and turning tool 3 by dividing the feed path into several, preferably two , Tool cutting achieves an axial cut overlap. This enables a further reduction in the production time, since the use of axial profile tube rolling / grooving of the outer and inner contour of the ring shifts the time-determining work step from the production of this during complete turning to external turning or internal turning. In spindle position II, the outer and inner axial profile tube rolling is carried out by means of

Outer profile rolling tool 4 or inner profile rolling tool 5 simultaneously corresponding to the outer and inner contour of two rings, which practically creates a closed rolling caliber and consequently an exclusively axial material flow occurs, which must be taken into account when feeding the pipe. In the spindle positions III to VI, the final machining of the remaining form or surface elements of the ring takes place with the separation of the ready-to-grind profiled ring from the tube as the last working step. The outside overturning or inside turning out shown in spindle position I is when using starting material with the appropriate surface quality and that corresponding to the work task Outside and inside diameters are not necessary in every case, whereby the dimensional accuracy of the outside or inside diameter can be influenced within a small tolerance range by axial profile tube rolling / grooving. If only the inner contour of the radial deep groove ball bearing outer ring is to be profiled ready for grinding by axial profile tube rolling and / or grooving, this is done in spindle position II by means of an inner profile rolling tool 5 with the use of a smooth counter (support) rolling tool 14 on the outer tube diameter (Fig. 9) . The turning of the outer contour of the ring required in this machining case is carried out in spindle position III using a profile turning tool. In the event that the turning of the outer contour becomes time-determining, this can be implemented in two spindle positions with radial cutting division, which leads to a further reduction in the production time.

The manufacturing process shown in the exemplary embodiment for preferably tubular material can also be implemented in a modified manner for inner rings with a symmetrical cross-sectional shape (FIG. 10) as well as inner and outer rings with an asymmetrical cross-sectional shape. If the ring diameter is smaller, steel bars can be used as the starting material.

The individual work stages can advantageously be carried out on a six-spindle automatic lathe 12, a rolling device 13 being provided in spindle position II of the six-spindle automatic lathe 12 (FIG. 7). The rolling device 13 has diametrically arranged, axially displaceably mounted, optionally driven or non-driven external profile rolling tools 4, which to avoid radial Forces on the spindle bearing are arranged on a common base plate 15. The external profile rolling tools 4 can be acted upon by a hydraulic cylinder 16 with a feed force which causes penetration into the tube (FIG. 8). The feed quill in spindle position II is designed for receiving an optionally driven or non-driven inner profile rolling tool 5 and can also be acted upon with a radial feed force for its penetration into the tube. The individual work steps can also be carried out on a special machine which combines the components described for the six-spindle automatic lathes with an integrated rolling device.

Reference list

1 - pipe

2 - overturning tool

3 - boring tool

4 - external profile rolling tool

5 - Internal profile rolling tool

6 - Facing tool

7 - parting tool

8 - ring

9 - Facing tool

10 - parting tool

11 - ring

12 - Six-spindle automatic lathe

13 - rolling device

14 - Counter (support) salt tool

15 - base plate

16 - hydraulic cylinder

Claims

claims

1. A method for the combined machining and forming production of rings, in particular from tube material, on multi-spindle automatic lathes, characterized in that machining methods such as turning and forming methods such as axial profile tube rolls and / or roll grooving are combined in succession and / or in parallel on one machine and at least one ring at the same time inside and outside with the machining finishing of all further form and surface elements of the ring, including the separation of the ring from the tube as the last working step in one operation, shaping and / or cutting is profiled ready for grinding.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the profiling of the rings by shaping the tube material is first turned to size.

3. Machine for performing the method according to one of the

Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that a rolling device is provided in a spindle position on a multi-spindle automatic lathe known per se, the profile rolling tools of which are arranged diametrically, are axially displaceable and rotatably mounted and can be acted upon with a radial feed force for penetration into the tube, whereby the feed quill in this spindle position is designed to hold another profile rolling tool.

4. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the

Rolling device is designed so that the

Profile rolling tools to avoid radial forces on the spindle bearing are arranged on a common base plate.

5. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the

Multi-spindle automatic lathe is a four, six or eight-spindle automatic lathe with at least one rolling device in one spindle position.

6. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the

Multi-spindle automatic lathe is a six-spindle automatic lathe, the rolling device being arranged in spindle position II

7. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the machine is a special machine with at least two spindle positions, at least one turning and one rolling device being provided.

4 sheets of drawings