EP0271892A2 - Mitre corner joint of wooden window frames and device for its fabrication - Google Patents

Abstract

A mitre corner joint for the fabrication of window frames, in particular casements, in which the window timbers are interconnected by means of at least one connecting plate which engages in slots in the two mitre faces and by at least one right-angled connecting angle and also by glueing, each of the legs of the connecting angle engaging in an axial bore of the window timbers from the direction of the mitre faces, is intended to be constructed in such a manner that, despite the fabrication of a satisfactory joint, the use of expensive machines or tools, such as, for example, frame presses, can be discarded. For this purpose, the invention provides that the ends of the legs of the connecting angle engage in blind holes which are open to the outside and extend transversely with respect to the particular axis of the window timbers, and that they can be subjected to tensile stress acting in the axial direction. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a corner connection of miter-cut window timbers for the production of window frames, in particular casement frames, in which the window timbers are connected to one another by at least one connecting plate engaging in slots in the two miter surfaces and by at least one right-angled connecting angle and by gluing, the connecting angle being connected to its Legs each engage in an axial bore of the window timbers from the miter surfaces.

Window timbers are usually provided on their end faces with pegs and slots, which are used for the connection two window frames interlock, the window frames being glued together in this state. Such a connection requires a frame press, which must have relatively large dimensions with regard to the size of the windows, so that the window frames assembled into a window can be pressed together and connected by connecting nails in the compressed state.

In the case of windows produced in this way, on the one hand the production of pins and slots is relatively complex and expensive, in particular with regard to the tools required for this purpose, and on the other hand the required frame presses are relatively large machines, the purchase of which is cost-intensive.

A corner connection of the type mentioned at the outset is now known (DE-PS 810 080), which does not require pins and slots and in which two connecting brackets are provided in one plane and are fastened with pins within the respective window wood after the connection has been put together .

However, it is also disadvantageous here that the preparation of the individual compounds, in particular in the case of a complete one A frame press is also required for window frames in order to keep the connection in a state in which the pins engaging in bores of the connection angle can be used.

The invention is therefore based on the object to form a corner connection of the type mentioned so that the use of complex machines or tools, such as frame presses, can be omitted despite the establishment of a perfect connection.

This object is achieved in that the ends of the legs of the connecting angle engage in outwardly open blind holes extending transversely to the respective axis of the window timbers and that they can be subjected to a tensile stress acting in the axial direction.

With this arrangement it is achieved that after making the connection, that is, when the legs of the connecting angle engage in the associated holes in the window timbers, the ends of the inserted legs remain accessible, so that a force acting in the axial direction of the legs can be applied to them. The connection angles can thus be used to underneath the two miter surfaces of the window timbers to be connected To set bias so that they can take the place of a frame press, which is therefore unnecessary. This is made possible in particular by the simultaneous use of the connecting plate (s), because these align the window frames against each other in the assembled state, so that displacements, twists or the like cannot occur when the legs of the connecting angle are subjected to tension.

In order to ensure that the blind holes are as invisible as possible after the corner connection has been made, it is advantageous if the blind holes open on the inner surface of the window timbers facing the glass of the window and are closed by a wooden plug. The outer surface of this wooden plug can be processed in the usual manner together with the surrounding area by grinding or the like, so that its surface is flush with the adjacent area of the window wood.

It is particularly advantageous if the ends of the limbs of the connecting angle projecting into the blind holes have a section of smaller diameter and an adjoining head which can be gripped behind by an eccentric for applying the tension. By means of this within the blind hole on the wall supporting eccentric can be applied relatively large tensile forces on the legs of the connecting bracket. In the pretensioned state of the connection, the eccentric can remain in the blind hole.

Finally, it is advantageous if the two legs of the connection angle are connected to one another by a joint, since in this way any inaccuracies can be easily compensated for and, moreover, such a connection angle can be used for connections that deviate from the right angle, such as in triangular windows.

A device for producing corner connections of the type mentioned above should also consist of relatively small and inexpensive components, but still ensure the production of an exact corner connection.

For this purpose, a clamping device is provided which accommodates two window woods to be connected, into which the window woods can be inserted in such a way that their axes run parallel to one another, the end faces of the window timbers provided with the miter surfaces facing away from one another and enclosing an angle between them which corresponds to that Corresponds to the angle between the axes of the window timbers in a finished window, whereby a milling unit is arranged on both sides of the clamping device, the end face of which is parallel to the miter surfaces of the window timbers to be machined, and in which at least one slot cutter is arranged, one further on both sides of the clamping device Drilling unit is arranged for the respective blind hole, the tool of which is arranged at right angles to the axis of the window frames beyond the miter surfaces, and finally two further drilling units are provided, the drills of which are coaxial to the window axis, and all units being deliverable in the direction of the window frames.

With such a device it is achieved that by simply inserting and tightening the window timbers in the clamping device, they are ready for the production of all the receiving openings necessary for the connection. The milling units create the necessary slots for the connecting plates, while the drilling units that work coaxially with the window timbers create the mounting holes for the connecting bracket. Additional tensioning and manual work is accordingly eliminated.

A prerequisite for the use of the device according to the invention is, however, that the window timbers are provided with the necessary miter cuts before they are inserted into the tensioning device, i.e. can also be cut to length.

It can be particularly advantageous if the clamping device, with the exception of the window timbers, is provided with two grooves running parallel to one another, into which the window timbers can be inserted, so that they can be guided and displaced longitudinally within the grooves. It is further expedient if a stop arrangement is provided at the end facing the drilling unit for the coaxial bores, which has two stop surfaces lying at an angle to one another for the miter surfaces of the window timbers. This stop arrangement can be arranged interchangeably, in particular for the production of windows in which the window timbers are at different angles to one another.

It is particularly expedient if the stop arrangement is arranged at a distance from the bottom of the grooves such that the miter surfaces of the window timbers remain accessible both above and below the stop arrangement. Such an arrangement makes it possible, in particular, to have two connecting plates arranged in superimposed parallel planes to be provided, slots above and below the stop arrangement being able to be made in the exposed miter surface sections of the window timbers for the connecting plates.

In this case, the stop arrangement can have an arrow-shaped carrier which can have bores which run coaxially to the axes of the window timbers and which serve to guide the drills which introduce the coaxial bores into the window timbers. For this purpose, the carrier expediently consists of a wear-resistant material, preferably metal, or else it is provided with sleeves made of such a material in the region of the bores.

The tensioning device can have an arm which overlaps the two window timbers in the tensioned state and which can be pressed against the window timbers from above by means of a further device part. To do this, the arm can perform a lifting movement. The arm can also be pivoted over the window frames.

The two drilling units which make the coaxial bores can also be combined into a single unit, the drills being connected to one another via gear means.

In order to be able to adapt the blind holes running transversely to the axes of the window timbers to different dimensions of the connection angle, it is expedient if the associated drilling units are arranged to be adjustable in the axial direction of the drills.

The milling tools for the slots are stored in machine blocks which are stationary in the working state and, in the embodiment used, overlap the support of the stop arrangement at the top and bottom so that the milling tools can be brought up to the end faces of the window frames without being able to be set within their machine block.

The units on one processing side, that is to say the machine blocks of the two milling tools and that of the blind hole drill, are arranged on a common slide and can therefore be delivered together with the latter against the window frames. During delivery, the face of the window frames is also processed.

The two slides can be adjusted hydraulically or pneumatically.

In a preferred embodiment with miter cuts of 45 °, the outer surfaces of the machine blocks are underneath the same angle so that they run parallel to the miter surfaces and rest on this at the end of processing. In the case of milling cutters that are not stored in machine blocks, other angular positions of the individual milling units are possible.

In a corresponding manner, the two drilling units, if two units are used, are also arranged on a common carriage that can be moved against the window frames. In this case, too, the drilling units cannot be adjusted with respect to their machine block; the machining takes place solely through the carriage movement.

As an alternative to the exemplary embodiment described and illustrated, the two milling devices can also be arranged on a common slide together with the two coaxially operating drilling units.

The mode of operation of the arrangement described is as follows: The window timbers to be machined are inserted into the receiving grooves and pushed against them as far as possible. Then they are clamped in the manner described by means of the clamping device.

The two side slides are then moved, thereby simultaneously creating the slots for the connecting plates on both end faces of the window frames. Since the drilling units are also moved during the carriage movement, the blind holes at right angles to the axes of the window timbers are also made.

The coaxial bores are then made in the end faces of the window timbers, which extend so far that the blind holes are hit.

This procedure has the advantage that the longer coaxial bores result in the drills emerging in the area of the blind holes, so that chip build-up and corresponding drill heating cannot occur.

The connection according to the invention and the device according to the invention are particularly suitable for smaller companies or even for self-builders, since the connection of the window timbers can also be carried out in their largely prefabricated state. In particular, the connection according to the invention offers the possibility of using window wood that has already been finished and connecting it to one another in the manner according to the invention.

It is particularly advantageous here if yard goods are used that are already provided with the required longitudinal profiles, with only the miter cuts and the connection according to the invention having to be made to produce a window.

Goods by the meter can also be finished.

• Fig. 1 zeigt in Ansicht in teilweise aufge­brochener Darstellung die Enden zweier rechtwinklig miteinander zu verbindender Fensterhölzer.
• Fig. 2 ist die Ansicht II-II nach Fig. 1.
• Fig. 3 zeigt in Ansicht einen Verbindungs­winkel im gestreckten Zustand.
• Fig. 4 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Eckverbindung.
• Fig. 5 ist die Ansicht V-V nach Fig. 4.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 shows a partially broken view showing the ends of two window timbers to be connected at right angles.
• FIG. 2 is the view II-II of FIG. 1.
• Fig. 3 shows a connection angle in the extended state.
• Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a device for producing the corner connection according to the invention.
• FIG. 5 is the VV view of FIG. 4.

1, the two window timbers to be connected are each provided with a miter cut 3 running at 45 °, so that two miter surfaces 4 (see FIG. 2) lying parallel to one another are formed. In order to establish the connection, slots 5 and 6 (see FIG. 2) which are parallel to one another are introduced into the miter surfaces in different planes, in which half of the connection plates 7 engage in the connected state.

Furthermore, bores 8 extending from the miter surfaces and extending parallel to the axes of the window timbers are provided, which open into blind holes 9 and serve to receive the legs 10a of a connecting angle 10 (cf. FIG. 3). The blind holes 9 are outwards, i.e. open on the inner surface of the window timbers facing the glass of the window and closable there in the manner described by a wooden plug or the like.

Fig. 2 is the view II-II of Fig. 1 and shows the arrangement of the slots 5 and 6 for receiving the connecting plate 7, which are arranged offset from each other in the illustrated embodiment in different parallel planes. The connection plates 7 are removed in the illustration according to FIG. 2 compared to FIG. 1.

Furthermore, the relative position of the coaxial bore 8 to the associated blind hole 9 can be seen from FIG. 2 from the end face of the window wood 1.

Fig. 3 shows in a stretched state the connecting bracket 10, the two legs 10a are connected to each other by a joint 10b. The ends 11 of the legs 10a of the connecting bracket 10 protruding into the blind holes 9 have a section 12 of smaller diameter with an adjoining head 13 which can be gripped behind by an eccentric (not shown) for applying the tension. The corner connection consisting of the parts according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is produced as follows:

After one of the legs 10a of the connecting bracket 10 has been inserted into one of the bores 8, the connecting plates 7 are provided with glue and one of the two window timbers is inserted into the associated slots 5 and 6. After applying glue to the miter surfaces 4, the free leg 10a of the connecting bracket 10 is inserted into the other coaxial bore 8 and both window timbers are pressed against one another by hand. Here, the heads 13 as well as the sections 12 of reduced diameter enter the blind holes 9, so that the heads 13 are gripped behind by a tool, preferably a rotatable eccentric, and are pulled in the direction of the arrows 14, that is to say into the blind hole 9 can. The so applied pre-tension leads to a perfect gluing. By means of the connecting plate 7, the two window timbers are exactly aligned with one another, the legs 10a of the connecting angle 10 within the coaxial bores 8 also being involved in this alignment.

Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a device for producing the corner connection according to Figures 1 to 3. This consists of a clamping device 15, in which previously cut miter window wood 16 can be inserted so that their axes parallel to each other on at least one end face run, with their miter surfaces 4 facing away from each other and enclosing an angle α between them, which corresponds to the angle between the axes of the window frames in a finished window. The angle α is therefore normally 90 °.

The clamping device 15 has two grooves 17 which run parallel to one another and which are overlapped by a pivotable and vertically displaceable arm 18 in the clamping state for receiving the window timbers 16.

A milling unit 19 is arranged on each side of the clamping device 15, which has two slot cutters 20 lying one above the other, the position and spacing of which corresponds to the position of the slots 5 and 6 in the miter surfaces 4 of the two window timbers 16. The end faces 21 of the housing of the milling units 19 are parallel to the miter faces of the window timbers to be machined, that is to say at an angle of 45 ° to their axes.

On both sides of the clamping device 15 there is also a drilling unit 22, which is provided with a blind hole drill 23 and is arranged with the respective milling unit 19 on a common carriage 24. The slides 24 are each slidable along guides 25 in the direction of the arrows 26.

Finally, two further drilling units are provided which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, are connected to form a common unit 27. The drills 28 of this common assembly are used to produce the coaxial bores 8 (cf. FIGS. 1 and 2) for receiving the connection angle 10.

At the end of the grooves 17 facing the drilling unit 27, a stop arrangement 29 is provided, the two at an angle has mutually lying stop surfaces 30 for the miter surfaces 4 of the window timbers. The window timbers 16 are pushed in the direction of the arrows 31 against these stop surfaces 30. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the two stop surfaces 30 enclose an angle of 90 ° in accordance with the design of the window timbers, the stop arrangement 29 being interchangeable if the angle differs.

The stop surfaces 30 are arranged at a distance from the bottom of the grooves 17, so that a gap 32 remains open below the stop surfaces 30, through which the corresponding miter surface area of the window timbers remains accessible (cf. FIG. 5).

On the other hand, the height of the stop arrangement 29 is dimensioned such that the window timbers protrude beyond the stop arrangement, so that the miter surfaces of the window timbers can also be machined above the stop arrangement. The slots 5 and 6 can thus be made in the inserted state of the window timbers 16.

For the exact introduction of the coaxial bores 8 (cf. FIG. 1), the drills 28 are guided in bores 33 (cf. also FIG. 5). for which the arrow-shaped carrier 34 forming the stop arrangement expediently consists of a wear-resistant material, or is provided with sleeves consisting of a wear-resistant material.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, the surface areas 4a and 4b of the miter surfaces 4 are accessible despite the mounting by the stop arrangement, so that the slots can be made in these areas.

As already described, the blind holes 9 and the slots 5 and 6 are made simultaneously by displacing the slides 24 in the direction of the tensioning device.

Correspondingly, the drilling unit 27 can be adjusted along a guide 35 in the direction of the arrow 36.

In particular with the normal miter cuts of 45 °, it is also possible, in a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 4, to arrange the milling units 19 together with the drilling unit 27 on a common slide and to move them together with the latter, although certain problems arise from the fact that the drills 28 must pass between the cutters 20 and, furthermore, the two cutting units 19 must be very close together in the initial state.

Claims (22)

1. Corner connection of miter-cut window timbers for the production of window frames, in particular casement frames, in which the window timbers are connected to one another by at least one connecting plate engaging in slots in the two miter surfaces and by at least one right-angled connecting angle and by gluing, the connecting angle with its legs in each case engages in an axial bore of the window timbers from the miter surfaces. characterized in that the ends (11) of the legs (10a) of the connecting angle (10) engage in blind holes (9) which extend outwards and extend transversely to the respective axis of the window timbers (1, 2, 16), and in that they can be subjected to tensile stress acting in the axial direction. 2. Corner connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the blind holes (9) on the glass of the window facing the inner surface of the window timbers (1,2,16) open and are closed by a wooden plug. 3. Corner connection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ends (11) of the legs (10a) of the connecting angle (10) projecting into the blind holes (9) have a section (12) of smaller diameter with an adjoining head (13) have, which can be gripped by an eccentric for applying the tension. 4. Corner connection according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two legs (10a) of the connecting angle (10) are connected to one another by a joint (10b). 5. Device for producing corner connections according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a clamping device (15) is provided to accommodate two window timbers (16) to which the window timbers (16) can be inserted so that their axes run parallel to one another, the end faces of the window timbers (16 ) facing away from each other and enclosing an angle (α) between them which corresponds to the angle between the axes of the window timbers in a finished window, with a milling unit (19) being arranged on both sides of the clamping device (15), the end face 21 of which is parallel to the Miter surfaces (4) of the window timbers (16) to be machined and in which at least one slot milling cutter (20) is arranged and further on both sides of the clamping device (15) there is a drilling unit (22) for the respective blind hole (9), the tool of which (23) is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the window timbers (16) beyond the miter surfaces (4) and finally two further e drilling units (27) are provided, the drills (28) of which lie coaxially with the window wood axes and wherein all units (19, 22, 27) can be advanced in the direction of the window wood (16). 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping device (15) is provided with two mutually parallel grooves (17) into which the window timbers (16) can be inserted, so that they are guided within the grooves (17) and moved longitudinally can be. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that on the drilling unit (27) for the coaxial bores (8) facing the end of the grooves (17) a stop arrangement (29) is provided, the two mutually angled stop surfaces (30) for the Miter surfaces (4) of the window timbers (16). 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the stop arrangement (29) is arranged interchangeably. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the stop arrangement (29) is arranged at a distance from the bottom of the grooves (17) such that the miter surfaces (4) of the window timbers (16) both above and below the stop arrangement (29) remain accessible. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that two arranged in superimposed parallel planes Connection plates (7) are provided, with slots (5, 6) above and below the stop arrangement (29) in the exposed miter surface sections (4a, 4b) of the window timbers (16) for the connection plates (7). 11. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the stop arrangement (29) has an arrow-shaped carrier (34). 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the carrier (34) coaxial with the axes of the window timbers (16) has bores (33) which guide the drill (28) for the coaxial bores (8) in the window timbers (16) serve. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized. that the carrier (34) consists of a wear-resistant material. 14. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the bores (33) are provided with sleeves made of wear-resistant material. 15. Device according to one of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that the clamping device (15) has an arm (18) overlapping the two window timbers (16) in the tensioned state. 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the arm (18) can be pressed against the window timbers (16) by means of a further device part from above. 17. The apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the arm (18) on the window timbers (16) is pivotable. 18. Device according to one of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that the two drilling units for the coaxial bores (8) are combined into a single unit (27). 19. Device according to one of claims 5 to 18, characterized in that the drilling units (22) for making the blind holes (9) in the axial direction of their drills (23) are arranged adjustable. 20. Device according to one of claims 5 to 19, characterized in that the milling tools (20) for the slots (5, 6) are mounted in machine blocks which are fixed in the working state and which each have the support (34) at the top and bottom of the stop arrangement (29 ) overlap, so that their end faces (21) come to rest against the miter faces (4) of the window timbers (16). 21. Device according to one of claims 5 to 20, characterized in that the units (19, 22) of a processing side are arranged on a common carriage (24) and can be delivered together with the latter against the window frames (16). 22. The device according to one of claims 5 to 21, characterized in that the two drilling units for the coaxial bores (8) are arranged on a common carriage (37) against the window timbers (16).

Images