EP0269958B1 - Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe - Google Patents

Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0269958B1
EP0269958B1 EP87117107A EP87117107A EP0269958B1 EP 0269958 B1 EP0269958 B1 EP 0269958B1 EP 87117107 A EP87117107 A EP 87117107A EP 87117107 A EP87117107 A EP 87117107A EP 0269958 B1 EP0269958 B1 EP 0269958B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
discharge lamp
pressure discharge
shaft
lamp according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87117107A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0269958A2 (de
EP0269958A3 (en
Inventor
Achim Gosslar
Jürgen Dr. Heider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0269958A2 publication Critical patent/EP0269958A2/de
Publication of EP0269958A3 publication Critical patent/EP0269958A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0269958B1 publication Critical patent/EP0269958B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a high-pressure discharge lamp squeezed on one side according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a one-piece electrode for a high-pressure discharge lamp pinched on one side, which consists of a straight shaft and a filament part which is angled at 90 ° with respect to the shaft, the individual turns of the filament part not touching one another. This means that improves the ignition behavior of this lamp.
  • Another high-pressure discharge lamp is known from GB-PS 2 072 412.
  • an electrode shape with a shaft and angled electrode tip is described, the entire electrode being made from a piece of wire; by bending the tip of the electrode opposite the straight shaft, the bow stability is improved.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the life behavior and the ignition behavior of these squeezed high-pressure discharge lamps at the same time.
  • This task is characterized by the characteristics of claim 1 solved. Further advantageous configurations can be found in the subclaims.
  • a major advantage of the invention is that the corrosion of the electrodes is greatly restricted. The mechanism responsible for this has not yet been elucidated. The change in the temperature profile along the electrodes caused by the high thermal capacity of the pins presumably results in a positive change in the halogen cycle, as a result of which the tungsten mining no longer occurs predominantly at the relatively cold places on the electrode shaft near the pinch.
  • the heat dissipation along the electrode shaft is low, since the diameter of the shaft wire can be kept small. Overall, therefore, the time from electrical breakdown to arc acceptance is shortened, so that the ignitability of the lamp is improved.
  • the increased heat capacity in the area of the electrode tips also reduces the amplitude of the periodic temperature fluctuations at the electrodes linked to the frequency of the alternating voltage and thus reduces the re-ignition peak.
  • a particularly advantageous ratio between high heat capacity at the electrode tip (ie in the area of the pins) and low heat dissipation along the electrode shaft can be achieved with a pin with a circular cross-section if the diameter and length of the pin correspond to the dimensions described in the subclaims.
  • the invention additionally enables targeted influencing and optimization of important parameters in the case of metal halide discharge lamps that are pinched on one side. Because of the larger cross-sectional area of the pin compared to the shaft, the surface of the pin projecting laterally on the shaft increases the heat radiation into the electrode dead spaces behind it, so that a more uniform temperature distribution in the discharge vessel is achieved.
  • the tip and shaft of the electrode are made from a single piece of wire.
  • This wire is doped with a substance with a low electron work function (ThO2).
  • ThO2 low electron work function
  • the lowest possible thorium content is desirable in order not to falsify the color spectrum of the lamp.
  • the use of a separate pin as the electrode tip allows only the electrode tip to be doped. This prevents maloperation, in which the arc is formed between the two electrode shafts in the vicinity of the pinch seal.
  • the inevitable co-doping of the shaft made this malfunction easier. By doping the pin, but without doping the electrode shaft at the same time, the reliability of the lamp operation is therefore increased.
  • the invention can be used advantageously in discharge vessels in which, due to the geometric relationships, the lateral distance between the electrode tip and the inner wall of the discharge vessel differs greatly in different directions (height and width) (for example, ellipsoidal discharge vessels, which are used in particular for projection purposes be used).
  • the shape of the cross-sectional area of the pin is chosen so that a different heat radiation is achieved in the different spatial directions and thus the different distance to the inner wall is taken into account.
  • the easiest to manufacture is a pin designed as a wire or sintered body with an elongated round cross section.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting effect of the pin has proven particularly advantageous in the case of lamps with fillings, the additives of which have a very high chemical aggressiveness towards built-in parts; this applies in particular to tin halides, which are required to achieve warm light colors.
  • the discharge vessel 2 As a filling (operating pressure approx. 35 bar), the discharge vessel 2 (with a volume of 0.65 cm3) contains not only mercury (approx. 15 mg) and a noble gas, but also metal iodides and bromides of sodium, tin, thallium, indium and lithium ( a total of 2.3 mg metal halides and an additional 0.2 mg tin).
  • the lamp 1 has a luminous efficacy of 83 lm / W at a nominal current of 1.8 A.
  • FIG. 2 shows the side view
  • FIG. 3 shows the front view of an electrode 4, 5 according to the invention as it is installed in the high-pressure discharge lamp 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • It has a straight shaft 15 of 10.2 mm in length made of undoped tungsten wire with a wire diameter of 0.6 mm.
  • a cylindrical pin 16 is laterally attached to the discharge-side end of the shaft 15.
  • the pin 16 is fastened to the shaft 15 by butt welding, so that the pin 16 and shaft 15 are at right angles to one another.
  • the discharge runs transversely to the two shafts 15 arranged parallel to one another.
  • the pins 16 are arranged approximately at half the height of the discharge volume, so that a possible influence of the burning position on the operating behavior is minimized.
  • a tungsten wire enriched with 0.7% thorium dioxide is used as pin 16.
  • An emitter paste is not required.
  • the two pins 16 are arranged coaxially to one another and each have a length of 1.2 mm and a diameter of 1.2 mm, the electrode spacing being approximately 6-7 mm (type I version).
  • the diameter of the pins 16 is only 0.9 mm with the same length (1.2 mm); the shaft diameter is also somewhat smaller (0.5 mm).
  • a sintered body can also be used for the pin, which - pressed from doped tungsten powder - is welded to the end of the shaft.
  • Type I When using electrodes with pins with a high heat capacity, the electrode corrosion is significantly reduced.
  • the average lifespan of Type I was increased by about 20%, and Type II by about 10% compared to conventional lamps.
  • the basic structure largely corresponds to the lamp version shown in FIG. 1 with a higher power level.
  • the ellipsoid-like discharge volume has much smaller dimensions, with all three axes having different dimensions: longitudinal axis 5 mm; Transverse axis (width) 4 mm; vertical axis (height) 3.5 mm.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel (the has a volume of 0.07 cm3) is similar to the first embodiment, but the bromine is replaced by iodine and an additional excess of tin is introduced.
  • This lamp also has similarly improved operating properties as the lamp shown in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 A front view of the electrode used for this lamp is shown in FIG. 4.
  • An adaptation to the ellipsoidal discharge vessel 2 ⁇ is achieved here by the elongated, round cross section of the pin.
  • the "long side" of the cross-sectional area of the pin has a greater heat radiation than the "transverse side”, which is why the pin on the electrode shaft is oriented so that the "long side” of the pin to the - further away and therefore colder - inner wall in Area of the transverse axis of the discharge vessel 2 ⁇ emits.
  • the straight shaft 17 is made of an undoped tungsten wire with a wire diameter of 0.3 mm; it has a length of 6.6 mm.
  • the pin 18 (made of 0.7 wt .-% ThO2 enriched tungsten) has a length of 0.7 mm; it has a width of 0.6 mm and a flattened height of 0.55 mm.
  • the dimensions shown in FIG. 4 are intended to illustrate the principle and are not to be understood to scale.
  • the flattened cross-sectional shape of the pin 18 can be achieved by using a wire either by subsequent rolling or already by the shape of the drawing die.
  • the molded parts used in the pressing already have a corresponding shape; in general there is also a greater inhomogeneity of the Heat radiation achievable.
  • a sintered body 19 is advantageously used in a cone-like shape (or in the form of a pyramid), the sintered body 19 having an ellipsoid-like base 20 (transverse axis d 1) which is welded to the side of the electrode shaft 21 (diameter d 2, where d 2 ⁇ d 1) ;
  • the arc discharge begins at the rounded tip 22 of the sintered body 19.
  • the area of the base 20 of the cone which projects transversely to the discharge on the shaft 21 then heats up the dead space.
  • fillings with other metals and halides can also be used, for example, a filling with iodides of sodium and thallium and several rare earths (Dy, Ho, Tm) achieves a higher color temperature.
  • iodides of sodium and thallium and several rare earths Dy, Ho, Tm
  • the exact dimensions of the pin depend on the geometry of the discharge vessel and the power consumption of the lamp. A compromise must be found between the containment of electrode corrosion and good ignitability.
  • the composition of the lamp fill is of great importance.
  • the electrode dimensions are matched to the filling system used.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
EP87117107A 1986-12-01 1987-11-19 Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe Expired - Lifetime EP0269958B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3640990 1986-12-01
DE19863640990 DE3640990A1 (de) 1986-12-01 1986-12-01 Einseitig gequetschte hochdruckentladungslampe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0269958A2 EP0269958A2 (de) 1988-06-08
EP0269958A3 EP0269958A3 (en) 1989-10-11
EP0269958B1 true EP0269958B1 (de) 1993-02-10

Family

ID=6315196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87117107A Expired - Lifetime EP0269958B1 (de) 1986-12-01 1987-11-19 Einseitig gequetschte Hochdruckentladungslampe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4937495A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0269958B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS63148530A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3640990A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4998036A (en) * 1987-12-17 1991-03-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Metal vapor discharge lamp containing an arc tube with particular bulb structure
JP2668434B2 (ja) * 1989-01-31 1997-10-27 東芝ライテック株式会社 メタルハライドランプ
DE69011145T2 (de) * 1989-01-31 1995-01-19 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Einseitig gequetschte Metalldampfentladungslampe.
NL9500350A (nl) * 1994-02-25 1995-10-02 Ushio Electric Inc Metaalhalogenidelamp met een eendelige opstelling van een frontafdekking en een reflector.
JP3211654B2 (ja) * 1996-03-14 2001-09-25 松下電器産業株式会社 高圧放電ランプ
JP3596453B2 (ja) * 2000-09-28 2004-12-02 ウシオ電機株式会社 ショートアーク放電ランプ
DE10318051A1 (de) * 2003-04-17 2004-11-04 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Halogenglühlampe
DE102007061514A1 (de) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-25 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Elektrode für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe und Verfahren zu ihrer Fertigung
KR101500092B1 (ko) 2013-06-26 2015-03-06 현대자동차주식회사 운전자의 수동적 과업 관련 피로 방지 장치 및 그 방법

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1655488A (en) * 1925-03-18 1928-01-10 Gen Electric Electric incandescent lamp
GB476833A (en) * 1936-09-25 1937-12-16 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Improvements in or relating to high-pressure metal-vapour electric discharge lamps
US2459579A (en) * 1947-08-06 1949-01-18 Gen Electric Electrode structure
US2662196A (en) * 1948-11-04 1953-12-08 Western Union Telegraph Co Concentrated arc lamp
US2697183A (en) * 1950-10-16 1954-12-14 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh High-pressure electric discharge lamp
FR1126531A (fr) * 1955-05-13 1956-11-26 Cie Ind De Tubes Et Lampes Ele Perfectionnements aux appareils dits parafoudres à gaz, ou parasurtensions, ou limiteurs de tension
US3625068A (en) * 1970-08-31 1971-12-07 Gen Motors Corp Omnidirectional sensor
NL7300381A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-01-11 1974-07-15
JPS5211677A (en) * 1975-07-17 1977-01-28 Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd Discharge lamp with sintered electrode
US4320322A (en) * 1980-03-24 1982-03-16 Gte Products Corporation Electrode geometry to improve arc stability
US4633136A (en) * 1982-04-20 1986-12-30 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp with low power input
DE3232207A1 (de) * 1982-08-30 1984-03-08 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Hochdruckentladungslampe kleiner leistung
DD242736A3 (de) * 1983-03-25 1987-02-11 Narva Rosa Luxemburg Bgw K Veb Elektroden fuer elektrische entladungslampen, vorzugsweise hochdruckentladungslampen kleiner leistung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0269958A2 (de) 1988-06-08
JPS63148530A (ja) 1988-06-21
US4937495A (en) 1990-06-26
EP0269958A3 (en) 1989-10-11
JPH0584630B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-12-02
DE3784144D1 (de) 1993-03-25
DE3640990A1 (de) 1988-06-16

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