EP0267656A2 - Vorrichtung zur Registrierung der Zylinderkapazität einer hydraulischen Maschine, versehen mit variabler Zylinderkapazität - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Registrierung der Zylinderkapazität einer hydraulischen Maschine, versehen mit variabler Zylinderkapazität Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0267656A2
EP0267656A2 EP87202178A EP87202178A EP0267656A2 EP 0267656 A2 EP0267656 A2 EP 0267656A2 EP 87202178 A EP87202178 A EP 87202178A EP 87202178 A EP87202178 A EP 87202178A EP 0267656 A2 EP0267656 A2 EP 0267656A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
oscillating means
motor
sensors
propulsor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87202178A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0267656A3 (en
EP0267656B1 (de
Inventor
Piergiorgio Zoffoli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Riva Calzoni SpA
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Riva Calzoni SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Riva Calzoni SpA filed Critical Riva Calzoni SpA
Priority to AT87202178T priority Critical patent/ATE64436T1/de
Publication of EP0267656A2 publication Critical patent/EP0267656A2/de
Publication of EP0267656A3 publication Critical patent/EP0267656A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0267656B1 publication Critical patent/EP0267656B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B25/00—Regulating, controlling, or safety means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/062—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuating or actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B31/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01B31/12—Arrangements of measuring or indicating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating or supervising devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for recording the cylinder capacity of hydraulic motors comprising radial variable cylinder-capacity propulsors.
  • hydraulic motors of the kind comprising radial propulsors and consisting of a shaft having an eccentric portion acted upon by a number of propulsors disposed substantiall radially around it and cyclically supplied with oil under pressure through a rotary distributor, which drives them in rotation at a speed depending on the flow rate of the oil supply.
  • Each propulsor substantially comprises a cylinder-piston group comprising a part bearing on or integral with the outer casing of the motor, and a part bearing directly against the eccentric component.
  • the part of the propulsor bearing against the eccentric e.g. a connecting rod, or the entire propulsor if movable as a unit, becomes oriented with its axis along the line joining the centre of the eccentric component to a pivoting centre of the propulsor, which thus follows the motion of the eccentric and completes one oscillation at each revolution of the drive shaft.
  • the usual method of varying the cylinder capacity is to provide one or more hydraulic actuators associated with the eccentric component and supplied and controlled from the exterior.
  • the indication of cylinder capacity should be obtainable without mechanical contact with moving parts, thus avoiding friction and wear, and also without substantial modifications in the motor structure in order to house bulky mechanical apparatus.
  • the problem therefore is to construct a device for recording the cylinder capacity of a motor having radial propulsors, the device operating without mechanical contact with the moving parts and recording a quantity associated with the actual cylinder capacity of the motor at each moment during motion thereof.
  • the invention provides a device for recording the cylinder capacity of hydraulic motors having variable-capacity radial propulsors and in which the propulsors have at least one oscillating portion coupled to an eccentric component of the drive shaft, the device comprising at least one proximity sensor mounted in a fixed position on the outer casing of the motor and facing an oscillating means comprising a propulsor or portion thereof, the sensor being adapted to generate an electic signal of varying intensity depending on the distance between it and the oscillating means, and the maximum amplitude of variation of the signal at each revolution of the motor corresponding to the maximum amplitude of oscillation of the oscillating means, which is related to the eccentricity of the eccentric component and to the cylinder capacity determined thereby.
  • At least one proximity sensor is disposed on the outer casing of the motor in the plane of oscillation of the oscillating means and with its end near the position of maximum amplitude of oscillation of the oscillating means; optionally also, one or more proximity sensors are disposed on the outer casing of the motor in the plane at right angles to the plane of oscillation of the oscillating means associated with the propulsors, the ends of the sensors being near the trajectory of the oscillating means.
  • the senor or sensors are disposed so that their axis does not intersect the axis of the associated oscillating means when the latter is in the central position but at a short distance therefrom, or the sensor or sensors are disposed so that their axis intersects the axis of the associated oscillating means when it is in the central position.
  • the proximity sensor is an inductive sensor adapted to supply an electrical signal at a voltage or current which varies in relation to the distance of the sensor from the oscillating means.
  • the sensor is inserted into a holder rigidly connected to the outer casing of the motor and the minimum distance of the sensor from the oscillating means is adjustable by screw means.
  • the screw means comprise a thread on the outer surface of the sensor coupled to a corresponding thread on the holder, means being present for locking the screwing rotation of the sensor on the holder and means being present for hydraulic sealing from the exterior.
  • the hydraulic sealing means comprise a piston connected in sealing-­tight manner by synthetic resin to the threaded surface of the sensor and movable in sealing-tight manner, using gaskets, in an orifice in the holder coaxial with the screw-threading of the sensor.
  • a number of sensors are disposed on the outer casing of the motor and each associated with a different oscillating means and adapted to record the maximum amplitude of oscillation at various times during each revolution of the motor.
  • the oscillating means comprise the entire propulsor, which is mounted so as to be freely guidable between the outer casing and the eccentric component; alternatively the oscillating component can be a portion of the propulsor, e.g. a link rod, bearing on the eccentric component of the drive shaft and pivoted to the remaining part of the propulsor.
  • the sensor or sensors are connected to an external electrical or electronic unit adapted to indicate the actual cylinder capacity of the motor corresponding to the amplitude of variations in the electric signal produced by the sensors.
  • the external electric or electronic unit records the frequency of variation of the signal produced by the sensors and indicates the speed of rotation of the motor corresponding to the frequency, in addition to indicating its cylinder capacity.
  • discontinuities detectable by the sensor and adapted to increase the intensity and/or accuracy of the supplied signal are formed on the outer surface of the oscillating means facing a sensor.
  • a hydraulic radial-piston motor has an external frame 1 in which a drive shaft 2 is rotatably mounted and comprises an eccentric member 3 abutting one end of a number of telescopic propulsors 4, the other ends of the propulsors abutting spherical caps 5 so that the propulsors are freely oriented relative to the angular position taken up by the eccentric member during rotation of the drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft 2 is made up of two half-shafts 2a, 2b rotatable in bearings 6 and having end drums 7 into which lateral sliding blocks 8 are inserted and project from member 3 and have pistons 9 inside them.
  • any one of the chambers defined by pistons 9 inside slide blocks 8 can be supplied through an externally actuated valve 10, ducts 11 and the associated supply channels, thus moving the eccentric member 3 in the radial direction, i.e. varying the eccentricity of the member relative to shaft 2.
  • a sensor means 12 is disposed alongside one of the propulsors 4 on casing 1 and comprises an inductive proximity transducer 13 inserted in a holder 14 and adapted to record the approach of a propulsor and supply a signal whose intensity depends on the distance between the propulsor surface and the end of the transducer.
  • holder 14 is screw-connected to the motor casing 1 transducer 13 is screwed inside it.
  • the transducer has a sensitive end 15 facing the propulsor and also has a threaded portion 16 by means of which the transducer can be screwed to a varying amount into holder 14 in order to be placed at the optimum distance from the propulsor.
  • the distance "d" between the transducer end 15 and the wall of the propulsor under conditions of maximum inclination is made as small as possible, e.g. about 1 mm.
  • the sensor is made sealing-tight to the pressure of hydraulic fluid in the motor casing by an 0-ring 17 for holder 14 and and a collar 18, which moves in an orifice 19 in the holder and seals it by an 0-ring 20.
  • Collar 18 is connected to the threaded portion 16 via a layer of synthetic resin 21 adapted to secure the collar to the transducer and to seal the thread by keeping the collar connected to the transducer in every position in the holder.
  • the transducer is locked in the chosen position by a lock-nut 22 clamped against a ring 23 bearing the holder.
  • Transducer 13 accordingly has a cable 24 connected to an electronic device 25 for recording the characteristics of the produced signal and indicating the eccentricity corresponding thereto.
  • the electronic device can be of known kind and is therefore not described in detail.
  • a propulsor makes one oscillation around the centre of curvature C of the spherical surface of the associated cap 5, moving from a position near transducer 13 and shown by a continuous line in Fig. 2, to a position remote therefrom and shown by a chain-dotted line in the drawing and denoted by reference 4 ⁇ .
  • the size of the oscillation i.e. the distance of the propulsor axis from the line joining the centre C to the axis of rotation of shaft 2, depends on the eccentricity "e" between the eccentric member 3 and the drive shaft 2, and is zero when the eccentricity is zero, i.e. in the case when the eccentric member 3 is coaxial with shaft 2, so that the propulsor axis extends through the axis of shaft 2 in each phase of rotation of the shaft.
  • the amount of eccentricity of member 3 determines the maximum travel of the propulsor pistons and consequently the cylinder capacity of the motor, which is thus determined by the signal generated by the sensor.
  • transducer 13 supplies an electric signal at a voltage pulsating between a maximum voltage V max constant in time and a minimum voltage V, the lowest value of which is equal to the value V min corresponding to maximum eccentricity "e", whereas when the eccentricity decreases the voltage increases to near the value V max for lower eccentricity.
  • the drawings shows a variation in cylinder capacity which during the time T produces a change from a value near the maximum cylinder capacity, giving a signal of value V1 equal to V min to a lower cylinder capacity giving a signal of value V2.
  • the difference between the minimum signal voltage and the maximum voltage V max during one oscillation becomes undetectable at eccentricity values corresponding to about one third of the maximum cylinder capacity.
  • the signal supplied by the transducer remains constant and equal to V max as long as the propulsor during its oscillations remains beyond a certain distance from the transducer, whereas the voltage decreases abruptly when the propulsor approaches within this distance, when the voltage decreases in proportion to the nearness of the propulsor to the transducer, thus showing the maximum approach of the transducer to the propulsor during oscilation thereof, i.e. the maximum amplitude of oscillation.
  • the information supplied by transducer 13 is a measure of the cylinder capacity at each revolution of the motor. If this information is insufficient, e.g. for motors rotating particularly slowly and where the variation of the cylinder capacity with time has to be accurately checked, two or more sensors 12 can be disposed on adjacent propulsors as illustrated in Fig. 5, each suppling a signal which is out of phase relative to the other sensor or sensors.
  • the signal supplied by the sensor or sensors disposed on the motor is a periodic signal, the amplitude of which depends on the cylinder capacity of the motor.
  • the frequency "f" of the signal depends on how often per unit time the propulsor is at the minimum distance from the sensor, an event which occurs once per revolution of the motor and is therefore a measure of the rotation speed thereof.
  • the electronic device associated with the sensor or sensors can thus measure not only the variation in the voltage supplied by the sensor, thus indicating the actual cylinder capacity at each moment, but also the frequency of oscillation of the signal, thus indicating the speed of rotation of the motor.
  • a sensor 12 ⁇ can be disposed in the position shown in Figs. 7 and 8, i.e. with its axis "a" parallel to the motor axis "n” and out of axial alignment relative to the central position of the propulsor.
  • the senor is influenced when approached by a generatrix of the outer surface of the propulsor, which is substantially cylindrical, and owing to its small distance from the central position the sensor can record very small oscillations, i.e. the minimum values for the eccentricity and cylinder capacity of the motor.
  • the sensor can also be disposed in the central position, i.e. in the plane containing the axis of the motor and the axis of the propulsor.
  • the signal will have a voltage V min when the propulsor is in the central position and a maximum voltage of V1 when the sensor is at the maximum distance from the propulsor.
  • This embodiment is particularly convenient when the propulsor or the oscillating part thereof cannot rotate around its axis during oscillation.
  • the outer surface of the propulsor facing the sensor can be formed with a raised portion or the like which, when moving towards, or away from the sensor, produces appreciable variations in the signal emitted by the sensor and thus increases the sensitivity of the device.
  • the aforementioned raised portion may also be advantageous in other embodiments of the sensor.
  • the sensor reading for small oscillations can be combined with the reading supplied by a sensor disposed as previously described with its axis in the plane of oscillation of the sensor, in order to measure larger oscillations and thus provide signals which, when combined by an external device, can be used to obtain the actual cylinder capacity throughout its range of variation.
  • the periodic variation of the signal occurs at twice the frequency of the signal supplied by a sensor disposed in the plane of oscillation, since the propulsor or oscillating component thereof travels near the central position twice during each oscillation.
  • the signal In order therefore to indicate the speed of rotation of the motor, the signal must be processed differently from the signal from the sensors in the plane of oscillation.
  • the sensor according to the invention has been described in detail by way of example in connection with a specific kind of hydraulic motor comprising telescopic propulsors which can be disposed between an eccentric member and a spherical cap.
  • the invention is applicable to every kind of hydraulic motor in which a propulsor element is associated with a rotary eccentric element and therefore either it or at least a part thereof, e.g. a connecting rod, is subjected to lateral oscillations depending in amplitude on the eccentricity of the eccentric element.
  • At least one proximity sensor is disposed in a position so as to measure the amount of oscillation of the propulsor means which is in contact with the eccentric and is therefore oscillating with an amplitude which varies in proportion to the eccentricity and thus provides the information for recording the cylinder capacity corresponding to the eccentricity.
EP87202178A 1986-11-14 1987-11-07 Vorrichtung zur Registrierung der Zylinderkapazität einer hydraulischen Maschine, versehen mit variabler Zylinderkapazität Expired - Lifetime EP0267656B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87202178T ATE64436T1 (de) 1986-11-14 1987-11-07 Vorrichtung zur registrierung der zylinderkapazitaet einer hydraulischen maschine, versehen mit variabler zylinderkapazitaet.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2233986 1986-06-20
IT22339/86A IT1197993B (it) 1986-11-14 1986-11-14 Dispositivo rilevatore della cilindrata in motori idraulici a propulsori radiali a cilindrata variabile

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0267656A2 true EP0267656A2 (de) 1988-05-18
EP0267656A3 EP0267656A3 (en) 1989-04-19
EP0267656B1 EP0267656B1 (de) 1991-06-12

Family

ID=11194903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87202178A Expired - Lifetime EP0267656B1 (de) 1986-11-14 1987-11-07 Vorrichtung zur Registrierung der Zylinderkapazität einer hydraulischen Maschine, versehen mit variabler Zylinderkapazität

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0267656B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE64436T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3770764D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2022311B3 (de)
IT (1) IT1197993B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1624185A2 (de) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-08 PARKER CALZONI S.r.l. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Betriebsparametern eines hydraulichen Kolbenmotors
WO2006050233A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-11 Nordson Corporation Rotary pump
WO2007122643A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2007-11-01 S.A.I. Societa' Apparecchiature Idrauliche S.P.A. Hydraulic motor having radial cylinders and continuous variable displacement
ITMO20120150A1 (it) * 2012-06-07 2013-12-08 I Societa Apparecchiature Idra Uliche Spa Sa Macchina idraulica a cilindri radiali con distributore singolo ogni cilindro
CN106523263A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-03-22 宁波欧易液压有限公司 一种摆缸式液压马达

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3956973A (en) * 1972-07-11 1976-05-18 Basic Aluminum Castings Company Die casting machine with piston positioning control
DE3236939A1 (de) * 1982-10-06 1984-04-12 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Anordnung zur bestimmung des oberen totpunktes von verbrennungsmotorkolben
EP0152509A1 (de) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-28 RIVA CALZONI S.p.A. Hydraulischer Radialkolbenmotor mit variabler Exzentrizität
EP0183295A1 (de) * 1984-11-15 1986-06-04 Dowell Schlumberger Corp. Verfahren um die Pumpenkennlinien einer Verdrängerpumpe zu ermitteln und eine geeignete Pumpe für dieses Verfahren
DE3513736A1 (de) * 1985-04-17 1986-10-30 G. Düsterloh GmbH, 4322 Sprockhövel Hydrostatische radialkolbenmaschine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3956973A (en) * 1972-07-11 1976-05-18 Basic Aluminum Castings Company Die casting machine with piston positioning control
DE3236939A1 (de) * 1982-10-06 1984-04-12 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Anordnung zur bestimmung des oberen totpunktes von verbrennungsmotorkolben
EP0152509A1 (de) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-28 RIVA CALZONI S.p.A. Hydraulischer Radialkolbenmotor mit variabler Exzentrizität
EP0183295A1 (de) * 1984-11-15 1986-06-04 Dowell Schlumberger Corp. Verfahren um die Pumpenkennlinien einer Verdrängerpumpe zu ermitteln und eine geeignete Pumpe für dieses Verfahren
DE3513736A1 (de) * 1985-04-17 1986-10-30 G. Düsterloh GmbH, 4322 Sprockhövel Hydrostatische radialkolbenmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MESURES-REGULATION-AUTOMATISME, vol. 41, no. 1,2, January/February 1976, pages 50-57; H. SCHAEVITZ et al.: "Les capteurs à transformateurs différentiels" *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1624185A2 (de) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-08 PARKER CALZONI S.r.l. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Betriebsparametern eines hydraulichen Kolbenmotors
EP1624185A3 (de) * 2004-08-03 2007-01-24 PARKER CALZONI S.r.l. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Betriebsparametern eines hydraulichen Kolbenmotors
WO2006050233A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-05-11 Nordson Corporation Rotary pump
US8235680B2 (en) 2006-04-20 2012-08-07 S.A.I. Societa' Apparecchiature Idrauliche S.P.A. Hydraulic motor having radial cylinders and continuous variable displacement
CN101432520B (zh) * 2006-04-20 2011-06-08 S.A.I会水利设备股份公司 具有星形缸体和连续可变排量的液压马达
JP4842372B2 (ja) * 2006-04-20 2011-12-21 エッセ ア イ ソチエタ アッパレッキアトゥーレ イドゥラウリケ ソチエタ ペル アツィオーニ 押し除け量が連続可変であるラジアルシリンダ液圧モータ
WO2007122643A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2007-11-01 S.A.I. Societa' Apparecchiature Idrauliche S.P.A. Hydraulic motor having radial cylinders and continuous variable displacement
ITMO20120150A1 (it) * 2012-06-07 2013-12-08 I Societa Apparecchiature Idra Uliche Spa Sa Macchina idraulica a cilindri radiali con distributore singolo ogni cilindro
WO2013183076A1 (en) * 2012-06-07 2013-12-12 S.A.I. Societa' Apparecchiature Idrauliche S.P.A. Radial cylinder hydraulic machine with a distributor each cylinder
CN104603452A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2015-05-06 S.A.I会水利设备股份公司 每个缸都具有分配器的径向缸液压机器
JP2015522743A (ja) * 2012-06-07 2015-08-06 エッセ ア イ ソシエタ アッパレッチアトゥーレ イドラウリーチェ ソシエタ ペル アチオニＳ．Ａ．Ｉ．Ｓｏｃｉｅｔａ’ Ａｐｐａｒｅｃｃｈｉａｔｕｒｅ Ｉｄｒａｕｌｉｃｈｅ Ｓ．Ｐ．Ａ． シリンダ毎に分配器を有するラジアルシリンダ式液圧マシン
CN104603452B (zh) * 2012-06-07 2017-05-10 S.A.I会水利设备股份公司 每个缸都具有分配器的径向缸液压机器
US10087756B2 (en) 2012-06-07 2018-10-02 S.A.I. Societa' Apparecchiature Idrauliche S.P.A. Radial cylinder hydraulic machine with a distributor each cylinder
CN106523263A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2017-03-22 宁波欧易液压有限公司 一种摆缸式液压马达
CN106523263B (zh) * 2016-12-27 2018-05-29 宁波欧易液压有限公司 一种摆缸式液压马达

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8622339A0 (it) 1986-11-14
EP0267656A3 (en) 1989-04-19
EP0267656B1 (de) 1991-06-12
DE3770764D1 (de) 1991-07-18
ATE64436T1 (de) 1991-06-15
ES2022311B3 (es) 1991-12-01
IT1197993B (it) 1988-12-21

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