GB2062875A - Rotation and axial displacement transducers - Google Patents

Rotation and axial displacement transducers Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2062875A
GB2062875A GB8033856A GB8033856A GB2062875A GB 2062875 A GB2062875 A GB 2062875A GB 8033856 A GB8033856 A GB 8033856A GB 8033856 A GB8033856 A GB 8033856A GB 2062875 A GB2062875 A GB 2062875A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
sensing means
rotation
projection
component
slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8033856A
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GB2062875B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority to GB8033856A priority Critical patent/GB2062875B/en
Publication of GB2062875A publication Critical patent/GB2062875A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2062875B publication Critical patent/GB2062875B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/488—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by variable reluctance detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/46—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring amplitude of generated current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/483—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by variable capacitance detectors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

A transducer for providing a signal representative of the speed of rotation and axial setting of an axially movable component 10 comprises a member 11 rotatable with and axially movable with the component, a sensor 14 positioned adjacent the surface of the member 11, the surface having a generally conical portion the distance of which from the sensor varies with the axial position of the component and a projection 12 and a slot 13 the distances of which from the sensor remain constant, the signal produced by the sensor having a repetition frequency which depends upon the speed of rotation and high and low levels depending upon the distances of projection 12 and slot 13 from the sensor. In Fig. 5, the sensor 24 monitors projections 22, 23 of differing heights or depths on a flange 21 rotating with a shaft. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Transducers This invention relates to a transducer for providing a signal representative of the speed of rotation and the axial position of a rotary and axially movable component.
The object of the invention is to, provide a transducer for the purpose specified in a simple and convenient form.
According to the invention a transducer for the purpose specified comprises a member for rotation in use with said component and sensing means disposed adjacent a surface of said member for providing a signal indicative of the distance between the sensing means and the surface, said surface having a first portion the distance between which and the sensing means varies in accordance with the axial setting of the member and at least one second portion which is a constant distance away from said sensing means, the signal from said sensing means being of stepped form having a repetition frequency which depends upon the speed of rotation of the member and a first variable level which depends upon the distance of said first portion of said surface from the sensing means and at least a second constant level which depends upon the distance of the sensing device from said second portion of the surface.
Examples of transducers in accordance with the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a transducer; Figure 2 shows the output signal which is obtained from the transducer of Fig. 1; Figure 3 shows in part, a practical application of the transducer; Figure 4 shows variations in the cross section of a portion of the transducer seen in Fig.
1; and Figure 5 shows a modified form of the transducer.
Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the transducer is required to provide a signal which is representative of the speed of rotation and also the axial position of a rotary member. The rotary member is indicated at 10 and it may comprise the rotor of a fuel injection pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine. The rotor is driven in timed relationship with the engine and its axial position determines the amount of fuel which is supplied to the engine. For the purpose of controlling the engine using an electronic control system, it is necessary to know the speed of rotation of the engine and also the axial setting of the distributor member.
The transducer comprises a member which is generally indicated at 11 and which is conveniently formed integrally with the distributor member 10. The member 11 is of tapering form but it has a projection 1 2 and a slot 1 3. The side walls of the projection are radially disposed relative to the axis of rotation of the member 11 as also are the side walls of the slot 1 3. Moreover, the surface of the projection is of part cylindrical form and it is equal to the maximum diameter of the tapered surface of the member 11. The slot 1 3 has a base wall which is curved about the axis of rotation and its distance from the axis of rotation is equal to the diameter at the smaller end of the tapered surface of the member 11.
Disposed adjacent the member 11 is a sensing means 14 which provides an output signal dependant upon the distance of the sensing means from the tapered surface of the member 11 and the cylindrical surface of the projection and the base wall of the slot. The sensing means can be of a capacitive, inductive, magneto resistive nature or it may comprise a Hall effect device. As the member rotates the signal from the sensing means 14 will fluctuate and Fig. 2 shows the fluctuation of the signal which will occur. The signal will be at its maximum when the distance between the sensing means and one of the aforesaid surfaces is at its minimum. The signal will therefore be at a maximum when the projection 1 2 faces the sensing means 14.As the member rotates the level of the signal will fall to that determined by the distance between the sensing means and the portion of the tapered surface which is aligned with the sensing means. There will then be a further fall in the level of the signal as the slot 1 3 becomes aligned with the sensing means and then the signal will increase again. The variation of the signal is clearly seen in Fig. 2 with the level 1 5 being determined by the surface of the projection 12, the level 1 6 by the tapered surface of the member and the level 17 by the base wall of the slot 13. As the member 11 moves axially relative to the sensing means, the intermediate level 1 6 will increase or decrease but the levels 1 5 and 1 7 will remain constant.It is easy to see that a signal indicative of the speed of rotation can be obtained from the signal shown in Fig. 2.
The signal is supplied to an electronic processing circuit which may produce for example a digital signal representing the axial position of the distributor member 10 and member 11.
The processing circuit is able to compensate for variations in the sensitivity of the sensing means and for example temperature variation in the electrical circuit. The levels 1 5 and 1 7 represent the limits of the level 1 6 and knowing these limits appropriate compensation can be applied.
Fig. 3 shows a practical application of the transducer. It will be noted that the distributor member 10 is mounted within a housing referenced 1 8 and the housing is provided with an adjustable end stop 1 9. The stop 1 9 is adjusted and then locked when the pump is tested after it has been assembled. The stop constitutes the stop which determines the largest amount of fuel which can be supplied by the pump and when the member 11 is against the stop, the level 1 6 will be at its maximum value but not necessarily the same value as the level 1 5. The levels 1 5 and 1 7 will remain the same.During operation of the apparatus it can be arranged that the member 10 is moved to engage the stop for a number of revolutions. The signals obtained during this period enable the processing circuit to adjust its gain by making use of the levels 1 5 and 1 7 and then to determine the "off-set" using the level 1 6. An alternative method of calibration is to put the rotor in a predetermined axial position and then to adjust the member 11 relative to the distributor member or the axial position of the sensing means, so that a specific level 1 6 is obtained.
Turning now to Fig. 4, this shows a number of variations in the cross section of the member 11. It will be noted that in each of the examples more than one projection is provided and in two of the examples, more than one slot. The lower left hand example in Fig.
4 has only one slot and therefore the signal which is obtained from the transducer incorporating a member of this shape will not be of the form shown in Fig. 2. The electronic processing unit can however take this into account. It is possible to have one slot and one projection with the slot following the projection or vice-versa. Moreover, the walls of the projection and slot need not be radial.
In the examples described the levels 1 5 and 1 7 constitute the ends of the measuring range of the transducer and the level 1 6 varies between the levels 1 5 and 1 7.
As mentioned, when the member 11 is in contact with the stop the distributor is in a position such that the pump will supply the largest quantity of fuel. This in fact will correspond to the excess quantity of fuel for starting purposes. For normal running the maximum quantity of fuel will be less and since the maximum accuracy is required of the transducer at this fuel level in order to control smoke and provide torque control, it can be arranged that the signal level 1 6 lies close to the reference level 1 5. This can be achieved by reducing the radius of the projection 1 2.
This can have the effect of allowing the level 16 to be higher than the level 1 5 when the distributor is in position for excess fuel.
If the sensitivity of the sensing device is constant then it is only necessary for the processing unit to receive one reference level and in this case either the projection 1 2 or the slot 1 3 could be omitted. It will also be understood that the member 11 may be of cup shaped form with the slot and the projection formed on the internal surface thereof. In this case the sensing means would be housed within the cup shaped portion and it would probably be necessary to have the tapered surface tapering outwardly from the distributor member 10.
Referring now to Fig. 5 the distributor member is seen at 10 and it is coupled to a drive shaft 20 in a manner to permit relative axial movement therebetween whilst relative angular movement is prevented. The shaft carries a flange 21 one side of which constitutes a surface on which is formed a projection 22. The flange is provided with an arcuate slot through which extends a complementarily shaped tongue 23 which is secured to the distributor member 10. As in the previous example a sensing means 24 is provided which provides an output signal depending upon the distance of the sensing means from a surface. As the drive shaft and distributor member rotate the sensing means assuming that the rotation is in the clockwise direction as shown in Fig. 5, first senses the end surface of the tongue 23 following this it senses the surface of the flange and then the surface of the projection 22. The surface of the flange and the surface of the projection provide the two reference levels discussed relative to the previous example whilst the end surface of the tongue 23 provides the varying level. It is possible with this example to have the varying level below that of the level which is attributed to the surface of the flange, moreover, it is possible for the projection 22 to be replaced by a recess. In either case it is possible for the varying level to lie between the two reference levels.

Claims (7)

1. A transducer for providing a signal representative of the speed of rotation and the axial position of a rotary and axially movable component comprising a member for rotation in use with said component and sensing means disposed adjacent a surface of said member for providing a signal indicative of the distance between the sensing means and the surface, said surface having a first portion the distance between which and the sensing means varies in accordance with the axial setting of the member and at least one second portion which is a constant distance away from said sensing means, the signal from said sensing means being of stepped form having a repetition frequency which depends upon the speed of rotation of the member and a first variable level which depends upon the distance of said first portion of said surface from the sensing means and at least a second constant level which depends upon the distance of the sensing device from said second portion of the surface.
2. A transducer according to claim 1 in which said member is of tapered cylindrical form, the tapered surf-fs defining the first portion of the aforesaid surface, and a slot or a projection in or on said tapered surface, the base wall of said slot or the outer wall of said projection defining said second portion of the surface.
3. A transducer according to claim 2 including both said slot and said projection, whereby the signal from said sensing means has two fixed levels due to the slot and the projection and a level which varies with the axial position of the member.
4. A transducer according to claim 1 in which said member comprises a flange mounted about its axis for rotation with said component, the component being movable axially relative to the flange, an aperture in said flange and a tongue carried by the component and extending into said aperture, said sensing means being disposed adjacent the side surface of the flange remote from the component, the end surface of said tongue constituting said first portion of the surface, and said side surface of the flange constituting said second portion of the surface.
5. A transducer according to claim 4 including a projection or recess on said surface.
6. A transducer for providing a signal representative of the speed of rotation of and the axial position of a rotary and axially movable component comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
7. A transducer for providing a signal representative of the speed of rotation of and the axial position of a rotary and axially movable component comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings.
GB8033856A 1979-11-03 1980-10-21 Rotation and axial displacemetn transducers Expired GB2062875B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8033856A GB2062875B (en) 1979-11-03 1980-10-21 Rotation and axial displacemetn transducers

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7938150 1979-11-03
GB8033856A GB2062875B (en) 1979-11-03 1980-10-21 Rotation and axial displacemetn transducers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2062875A true GB2062875A (en) 1981-05-28
GB2062875B GB2062875B (en) 1983-08-10

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2202949A (en) * 1987-03-24 1988-10-05 Schlumberger Electronics Monitoring axial movement of a rotating shaft
WO1989007058A1 (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-10 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag Vehicle with driven steering axle
GB2221306A (en) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Dowty Rotol Ltd Assembly for determining the longitudinal displacement of a rotating shaft
DE3829390A1 (en) * 1988-08-30 1990-03-01 Rexroth Mannesmann Gmbh METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING SPEED
US5198763A (en) * 1990-02-20 1993-03-30 Nikkiso Co., Ltd. Apparatus for monitoring the axial and radial wear on a bearing of a rotary shaft
EP0568184A1 (en) * 1992-04-15 1993-11-03 Tanken Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha System for monitoring behaviour of rotary body
US5456123A (en) * 1994-01-26 1995-10-10 Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. Static torque measurement for rotatable shaft
WO1995027213A1 (en) * 1994-04-02 1995-10-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for sensing a rotational movement and an axial displacement of a body
US5508609A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-04-16 Simmonds Precision Product Inc. Monitoring apparatus for detecting axial position and axial alignment of a rotating shaft
US5514952A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-05-07 Simmonds Precision Products Inc. Monitoring apparatus for rotating equipment dynamics for slow checking of alignment using plural angled elements
WO1999067650A1 (en) * 1998-06-22 1999-12-29 Digital Fleet Management Limited Hall effect sensor arrangement determining the rotational speed of a shaft
EP1128158A2 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-29 General Electric Company Rotor component displacement measurement system
DE10306641A1 (en) * 2003-02-18 2004-08-26 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Sensor for measuring axial displacement and rotational velocity of a motor vehicle friction coupling has a signal generator that generates signals for both its axial displacement and velocity for detection by a signal recorder
EP2012086A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-07 Rolls-Royce plc Displacement measurement arrangement
US7523615B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2009-04-28 General Electric Company Telemetry system
US7634913B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2009-12-22 General Electric Company Bearing assembly and method of monitoring same
DE102012202066A1 (en) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-14 Mahle International Gmbh Camshaft / motor shaft
CN103424132A (en) * 2013-08-22 2013-12-04 浙江大学 Magnetic coder in three-dimensional space
WO2017142533A1 (en) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-24 Kongsberg Driveline Systems I, Inc. Assembly and method of sensing movement of a shaft member
US9810314B2 (en) 2015-02-25 2017-11-07 Kongsberg Driveline Systems I, Inc. Rotary shifter assembly

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5409814B2 (en) 2009-02-17 2014-02-05 シーティーエス・コーポレーション Rotary position sensor
CN109489602A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-03-19 南京磁谷科技有限公司 A kind of radial direction for magnetic suspension bearing and axial combination sensor

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2202949A (en) * 1987-03-24 1988-10-05 Schlumberger Electronics Monitoring axial movement of a rotating shaft
GB2202949B (en) * 1987-03-24 1990-11-21 Schlumberger Electronics Shaft monitoring systems
WO1989007058A1 (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-10 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag Vehicle with driven steering axle
GB2221306A (en) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Dowty Rotol Ltd Assembly for determining the longitudinal displacement of a rotating shaft
EP0353076A2 (en) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Dowty Rotol Ltd. Assembly for determining the longitudinal displacement of a rotating shaft
EP0353076A3 (en) * 1988-07-29 1991-08-28 Dowty Rotol Ltd. Assembly for determining the longitudinal displacement of a rotating shaft
DE3829390A1 (en) * 1988-08-30 1990-03-01 Rexroth Mannesmann Gmbh METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING SPEED
US4999579A (en) * 1988-08-30 1991-03-12 Manessmann Rexroth Gmbh Method and apparatus for measuring the rotational speed of a shaft
US5198763A (en) * 1990-02-20 1993-03-30 Nikkiso Co., Ltd. Apparatus for monitoring the axial and radial wear on a bearing of a rotary shaft
EP0568184A1 (en) * 1992-04-15 1993-11-03 Tanken Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha System for monitoring behaviour of rotary body
US5508609A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-04-16 Simmonds Precision Product Inc. Monitoring apparatus for detecting axial position and axial alignment of a rotating shaft
US5514952A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-05-07 Simmonds Precision Products Inc. Monitoring apparatus for rotating equipment dynamics for slow checking of alignment using plural angled elements
US5456123A (en) * 1994-01-26 1995-10-10 Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. Static torque measurement for rotatable shaft
WO1995027213A1 (en) * 1994-04-02 1995-10-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for sensing a rotational movement and an axial displacement of a body
WO1999067650A1 (en) * 1998-06-22 1999-12-29 Digital Fleet Management Limited Hall effect sensor arrangement determining the rotational speed of a shaft
EP1128158A2 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-29 General Electric Company Rotor component displacement measurement system
US6568091B1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2003-05-27 General Electric Company Rotor component displacement measurement system
EP1128158A3 (en) * 2000-02-23 2004-05-12 General Electric Company Rotor component displacement measurement system
DE10306641A1 (en) * 2003-02-18 2004-08-26 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Sensor for measuring axial displacement and rotational velocity of a motor vehicle friction coupling has a signal generator that generates signals for both its axial displacement and velocity for detection by a signal recorder
US7634913B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2009-12-22 General Electric Company Bearing assembly and method of monitoring same
US7523615B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2009-04-28 General Electric Company Telemetry system
EP2012086A1 (en) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-07 Rolls-Royce plc Displacement measurement arrangement
DE102012202066A1 (en) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-14 Mahle International Gmbh Camshaft / motor shaft
CN103424132A (en) * 2013-08-22 2013-12-04 浙江大学 Magnetic coder in three-dimensional space
CN103424132B (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-10-28 浙江大学 A kind of magnetic coder in three-dimensional space
US9810314B2 (en) 2015-02-25 2017-11-07 Kongsberg Driveline Systems I, Inc. Rotary shifter assembly
WO2017142533A1 (en) * 2016-02-17 2017-08-24 Kongsberg Driveline Systems I, Inc. Assembly and method of sensing movement of a shaft member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee