EP0264757B1 - Method and device for compressing fibrous materials into bales - Google Patents

Method and device for compressing fibrous materials into bales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0264757B1
EP0264757B1 EP87114847A EP87114847A EP0264757B1 EP 0264757 B1 EP0264757 B1 EP 0264757B1 EP 87114847 A EP87114847 A EP 87114847A EP 87114847 A EP87114847 A EP 87114847A EP 0264757 B1 EP0264757 B1 EP 0264757B1
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Prior art keywords
container
walls
thin
press
pressure box
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP87114847A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0264757A1 (en
Inventor
Gerold Fleissner
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Vepa AG
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Vepa AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3078—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor with precompression means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B27/12—Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for compressing fibrous material in bales by compressing the material on several pre-presses, in which the material pre-pressed in a thin-walled container provided with a sheath that cannot be opened all around, possibly by switching on waiting positions a central press is conveyed, the containers are moved one by one with the fibrous material into the central press, the respective container is surrounded there by stable press box walls, then the fibrous material is further pressed and finally pressed and finally packaged after removing the walls holding the bale , and in which the empty, thin-walled container is transported back to the pre-presses after being combined with a container base.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method and an apparatus for performing this method, in which the disadvantages of both known treatment methods for the manufacture of man-made fiber bales are avoided, but the respective advantages are retained.
  • the invention provides for the solution of the problem that the fibrous material in the thin-walled, but enclosed by the press box walls also finally pressed, then at least the thin-walled container moved relative to the pressed material and then the bale - like known - is packed. It is expedient after the final pressing to move both the thin-walled container and the walls of the press container of the central press together and at the same time relative to the pressed material and then, as is known, to pack them. When the walls are pulled off the bale, the thin-walled container is therefore considered together with the walls of the press container as one unit.
  • the press box walls for receiving the container can be moved around it.
  • the four press box walls are each pushed sideways.
  • longitudinal slits between the abutting walls cannot be avoided.
  • Devices are advantageously provided according to the invention, with which both the all-round closed container and the press box walls can be relatively removed from the material under pressure.
  • both containers are used simultaneously, e.g. upwards, subtracted.
  • the press container consists of a jacket that cannot be opened all around, but which must now be able to be pushed over the thin-walled container.
  • the filling container 2 to be filled with the fiber material 1 is provided with a relatively thin-walled jacket in the system which is used to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the walls of the filling container only have to withstand the lateral pressures arising in the pre-press.
  • the filling container 2 is made of a completely closed jacket with a base 3 that can be detached therefrom. Before the container is filled, the base is usually covered with a film which is later used to compress the bale after the fiber material has been compressed.
  • the packaging process is not shown in the drawing for the sake of simplicity, but is the subject of the press packaging process to be carried out. It is here for example se referred to the content of DE-OS 29 06 229.
  • this filling container 2 is filled with loose fiber material or with endless fiber cabins up to the level in the area of the upper edge. Then this and other containers of other pre-presses move according to the arrow 4 to the main press, as shown in Figures 1, 2. Together with the container bottom, the filling container 2 engages in the pressing position of the central press 5, in which the more stable press box walls 6 are positioned above those necessary for retracting Heights are maintained. The press box walls 6 then move according to the arrow 7 over the adjusted filling container 2.
  • the walls of the press box are provided all around with a jacket which cannot be opened.
  • This press box 6 can also be replaced by a construction in which one or three walls can be pivoted outwards in order to enclose the filling container 2 only in the lowered state.
  • this door construction is complex and requires air gaps on the abutting press box walls, which is just as disadvantageous in the case of a construction in which the press box walls are laterally displaced relative to one another.
  • the press box walls 6 should enclose the container 2 with only a small air gap in the state shown in FIG. 3, or after the closing device of the possibly movable press box walls is closed.
  • the bale 11 is packed with the film placed on the bottom 3 and possibly with another film placed on top of the fiber material before the pressing process and, if appropriate, additionally with a film web wound around on the side and then reinforced. Because of this, the ram 9 can now move upward in the direction of arrow 14 and release the bale 11 for removal 15.
  • the jacket of the filling container 2 is moved downwards out of the press box walls 6 by means 17 provided therein, in accordance with the arrows 16. Arrived at the bottom, it is combined again with the base 3 in order to move back in the direction of arrow 18 to the pre-presses.
  • the space that has now become available can again be equipped with a new jug, as shown in Fig. 1,2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Verpressen von faserigem Gut in Ballen durch Verpressen des Guts an mehreren Vorpressen, bei dem das jeweils in einem dünnwandigen, mit einem rundum nicht zu öffnenden Mantel versehenen Behälter vorgepreßte Gut, ggf. unter Einschalten von Wartepositionen, zu einer Zentralpresse befördert wird, die Behälter einer nach dem anderen mit dem faserigen Gut in die Zentralpresse verfahren, der jeweilige Behälter dort von stabil ausgebildeten Preßkastenwänden umschlossen, anschließend das faserige Material weiter verpreßt und schließlich endverpreßt und abschließend nach Entfernen der den Ballen haltenden Wandungen verpackt wird, und bei dem der leere, dünnwandige Behälter nach Vereinigung mit einem Behälterboden wieder zu den Vorpressen zurücktransportiert wird.The invention relates to a method for compressing fibrous material in bales by compressing the material on several pre-presses, in which the material pre-pressed in a thin-walled container provided with a sheath that cannot be opened all around, possibly by switching on waiting positions a central press is conveyed, the containers are moved one by one with the fibrous material into the central press, the respective container is surrounded there by stable press box walls, then the fibrous material is further pressed and finally pressed and finally packaged after removing the walls holding the bale , and in which the empty, thin-walled container is transported back to the pre-presses after being combined with a container base.

Dieses Verfahren ist aus der Praxis bekannt. Danach verfährt zwar der dünnwandige Behälter mit dem vorgepreßten faserigem Gut in die Zentralpresse, wo er von stabil ausgebildeten Preßkastenwänden durch deren seitliches Heranfahren allseitig umschlossen wird, und woraufhin mittels des Endpreßstempels eine weitere Verdichtung des in dem Behälter enthaltenen Materials erfolgt. Bevor aber der Endpreßdruck durch diesen Preßstempel erzeugt wird, wird der dünnwandige Behälter nach oben hin über den Preßstempel hinweg abgezogen, so daß der Endpreßdruck lediglich von den stabil ausgebildeten Preßkastenwänden auszuhalten ist.This method is known from practice. Thereafter, the thin-walled container with the pre-pressed fibrous material moves into the central press, where it is surrounded on all sides by stable press box walls by moving it sideways, and then further compression of the material contained in the container takes place by means of the end press. But before the final pressure is generated by this press ram, the thin-walled container is withdrawn upwards over the press ram, so that the final pressure can only be endured by the stable press box walls.

Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß die Idee des Transportes eines leichten Behälters von den Vorpressen zu der Hauptpresse allein aus Gewichtsgründen sehr vorteilhaft ist. Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß der Behälter zum Endverpressen aus der Zentralpresse nach oben abgezogen werden muß, damit erst anschließend der Verdichtungsvorgang am Ballen durch Steigerung des Preßdruckes beendet werden kann.It has been found that the idea of transporting a light container from the pre-presses to the main press is very advantageous for reasons of weight alone. It is disadvantageous, however, that the container has to be pulled upwards from the central press for final compression, so that the compacting process on the bale can only be ended afterwards by increasing the pressing pressure.

Dieses Abziehen des Behälters von dem unter leichtem Preßdruck stehenden Ballen hat Verschiebungen in den Kabellagen im Bereich der Seitenwandungen des Ballens zur Folge, was den späteren Abzug des Kabels von den Ballen zur Weiterverarbeitung der Faserkabel sehr wesentlich behindert. Außerdem läßt sich bei diesem Verfahren nicht vermeiden, daß Faserrestbestandteile mit den Preßkastenwänden der Zentralpresse in Berührung kommen und diese verschmutzen. Gegebenenfalls werden auch solche Fasern in den Längsschlitzen der senkrecht aneinander stoßenden Preßkastenwände verklemmt, so daß beim Abzug der Preßkastenwände zum Verpacken des Ballens Faserschädigungen auftreten können, die den Ballen zumindest teilweise zerreißen.This removal of the container from the bale, which is under slight pressure, results in displacements in the cable layers in the region of the side walls of the bale, which hinders the subsequent withdrawal of the cable from the bale for further processing of the fiber cables. In addition, with this method it cannot be avoided that residual fiber components come into contact with the press box walls of the central press and contaminate them. If necessary, such fibers are also jammed in the longitudinal slots of the press box walls that abut one another perpendicularly, so that when the press box walls are pulled off for packing the bale, fiber damage can occur which at least partially tears the bale.

Diese Nachteile weist das Verfahren nach der DE-OS 29 06 229 nicht auf. Dort wandern stabil ausgebildete, bereits in der Vorpresse verwendete Preßbehälter durch die Fabrikhalle zur Zentralpresse, damit in diesen Behältern der Ballen fertig verpreßt werden kann. Nachteilig an diesem Verfahren sind jedoch der Transport der schweren Preßbehälter durch die Fabrikhalle und auch die Herstellungskosten der Vielzahl der jeweils notwendigen Preßkästen.The method according to DE-OS 29 06 229 does not have these disadvantages. There, stable trained press containers, already used in the pre-press, move through the factory hall to the central press, so that the bales can be pressed in these containers. Disadvantages of this method, however, are the transportation of the heavy press containers through the factory hall and also the manufacturing costs of the large number of press boxes required in each case.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens zu entwickeln, bei dem die Nachteile beider bekannten Behandlungsverfahren zum Herstellen von Chemiefaserballen vermieden werden, jedoch deren jeweilige Vorteile erhalten bleiben.The invention has for its object to develop a method and an apparatus for performing this method, in which the disadvantages of both known treatment methods for the manufacture of man-made fiber bales are avoided, but the respective advantages are retained.

Ausgehend von dem Verfahren anfangs genannter Art sieht die Erfindung zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe vor, daß das faserige Material in dem dünnwandigen, jedoch von den Preßkastenwänden umschlossenen Behälter auch endverpreßt, anschließend zumindest der dünnwandige Behälter relativ zum verpreßten Material verschoben und dann der Ballen - wie bekannt - verpackt wird. Es ist zweckmäßig, nach dem Endverpressen sowohl den dünnwandigen Behalter als auch die Wandungen des Preßbehälters der Zentralpresse gemeinsam und zur gleichen Zeit relativ zum verpreßten Material zu verschieben und dann - wie bekannt - zu verpacken. Beim Abziehen der Wandungen vom Ballen wird also der dünnwandige Behälter zusammen mit den Wandungen des Preßbehälters als eine Einheit betrachtet.Based on the method initially mentioned, the invention provides for the solution of the problem that the fibrous material in the thin-walled, but enclosed by the press box walls also finally pressed, then at least the thin-walled container moved relative to the pressed material and then the bale - like known - is packed. It is expedient after the final pressing to move both the thin-walled container and the walls of the press container of the central press together and at the same time relative to the pressed material and then, as is known, to pack them. When the walls are pulled off the bale, the thin-walled container is therefore considered together with the walls of the press container as one unit.

Bei der Zentralpresse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung sind die Preßkastenwände zur Aufnahme des Behälters um diesen bewegbar. Bei der vorbekannten Vorrichtung werden die vier Preßkastenwände jeweils seitlich herangeschoben. Abgesehen von dieser aufwendigen Konstruktion können Längsschlitze zwischen den an einanderstoßenden Wandungen nicht vermieden werden. Mit Vorteil sind nach der Erfindung Einrichtungen vorgesehen, mit denen sowohl der rundum geschlossene Behälter als auch die Preßkastenwände relativ von dem unter Preßdruck stehenden Material entfernbar sind. Zweckmäßigerweise werden beide Behälter gleichzeitig, z.B. nach oben hin, abgezogen. Es ist auch möglich, daß der Preßbehälter aus einem rundum nicht zu öffnenden Mantel besteht, der jetzt aber über den dünnwandingen Behälter schiebbar sein muß.In the central press for carrying out the method according to the invention, the press box walls for receiving the container can be moved around it. In the known device, the four press box walls are each pushed sideways. Apart from this complex construction, longitudinal slits between the abutting walls cannot be avoided. Devices are advantageously provided according to the invention, with which both the all-round closed container and the press box walls can be relatively removed from the material under pressure. Appropriately, both containers are used simultaneously, e.g. upwards, subtracted. It is also possible that the press container consists of a jacket that cannot be opened all around, but which must now be able to be pushed over the thin-walled container.

In der Zeichnung ist in der Reihe der von der Zentralpresse durchgeführten Bewegungsvorgänge eine Anzahl von Bildern dargestellt, anhand derer die Erfindung noch weiter erläutert werden soll.In the drawing, a number of images are shown in the series of movement processes carried out by the central press, on the basis of which the invention is to be explained further.

Der mit dem Fasermaterial 1 zu füllende Füllbehälter 2 ist bei der Anlage, die zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dient, mit einem verhältnismäßig dünnwandigen Mantel versehen. Die Wandungen des Füllbehälters müssen lediglich den in der Vorpresse entstehenden seitlichen Drücken standhalten. Der Füllbehälter 2 ist aus einem rundum geschlossenen Mantel hergestellt mit einem davon lösbaren Boden 3. Üblicherweise ist der Boden vor dem Füllen des Behälters mit einer Folie abgedeckt, die später nach Verpressen des Fasermaterials zum Verpacken des Ballens verwendet wird. Der Verpackungsvorgang ist der Einfachheit halber in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt, ist aber Gegenstand des durchzuführenden Preß-Verpackungsvorganges. Es wird hier beispielsweise Bezug genommen auf den Inhalt der DE-OS 29 06 229.The filling container 2 to be filled with the fiber material 1 is provided with a relatively thin-walled jacket in the system which is used to carry out the method according to the invention. The walls of the filling container only have to withstand the lateral pressures arising in the pre-press. The filling container 2 is made of a completely closed jacket with a base 3 that can be detached therefrom. Before the container is filled, the base is usually covered with a film which is later used to compress the bale after the fiber material has been compressed. The packaging process is not shown in the drawing for the sake of simplicity, but is the subject of the press packaging process to be carried out. It is here for example se referred to the content of DE-OS 29 06 229.

In der Vorpresse wird also dieser Füllbehälter 2 mit losem Fasermaterial oder mit endlosen Faserkabein bis zum Niveau im Bereich der oberen Kante gefüllt. Anschließend verfährt dieser und auch weitere Behälter anderer Vorpressen entsprechend des Pfeiles 4 zur Hauptpresse, gemäß Bild 1, 2. Zusammen mit dem Behälterboden rastet der Füllbehälter 2 in die Preßstellung der Zentralpresse 5, bei der dazu die stabiler ausgebildeten Preßkastenwände 6 oberhalb der zum Einfahren notwendigen Höhen gehalten sind. Anschliessend bewegen sich die Preßkastenwände 6 entsprechend des Pfeiles 7 über den justiert angeordneten Füllbehälter 2.In the pre-press, this filling container 2 is filled with loose fiber material or with endless fiber cabins up to the level in the area of the upper edge. Then this and other containers of other pre-presses move according to the arrow 4 to the main press, as shown in Figures 1, 2. Together with the container bottom, the filling container 2 engages in the pressing position of the central press 5, in which the more stable press box walls 6 are positioned above those necessary for retracting Heights are maintained. The press box walls 6 then move according to the arrow 7 over the adjusted filling container 2.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Wände des Preßkastens, genauso wie die des Füllbehälters, rundum mit einem nicht zu öffnenden Mantel versehen. Dieser Preßkasten 6 kann aber auch durch eine Konstruktion ausgetauscht werden, bei der eine oder drei Wände nach außen verschwenkbar sind, um den Füllbehälter 2 erst im abgesenkten Zustand zu umschließen. Diese Türkonstruktion ist aber aufwendig und bedingt Luftspalten an den aneinanderstoßenden Preßkastenwänden, was genauso wie bei einer Konstruktion, bei der die Preßkastenwände seitlich gegeneinander verschoben werden, nachteilig ist. Jedenfalls sollten die Preßkastenwände 6 in dem in dem Bild 3 dargestellten Zustand, bzw. nachdem die Schließvorrichtung der ggf. beweglichen Preßkastenwände geschlossen ist, den Behälter 2 mit nur einem geringen Luftspalt umschließen.In the exemplary embodiment, the walls of the press box, like those of the filling container, are provided all around with a jacket which cannot be opened. This press box 6 can also be replaced by a construction in which one or three walls can be pivoted outwards in order to enclose the filling container 2 only in the lowered state. However, this door construction is complex and requires air gaps on the abutting press box walls, which is just as disadvantageous in the case of a construction in which the press box walls are laterally displaced relative to one another. In any case, the press box walls 6 should enclose the container 2 with only a small air gap in the state shown in FIG. 3, or after the closing device of the possibly movable press box walls is closed.

Nach Absenken der Preßkastenwände 6 gemäß der Darstellung in Bild 3 ist folglich der mit einem dünnwandigen Mantel versehene Füllbehälter 2 gegen den hohen, in der Zentralpresse 5 entstehenden Preßdruck gesichert. Nunmehr verfährt der Kolben 8 des Preßstempels 9 entsprechend des Pfeiles 10 nach unten in den Füllbehälter 2 und verpreßt in einem Preßvorgang das Fasermaterial 1, um den Ballen 11 im letzten Preßzustand zu erzielen. Gemäß Bild 4 verfahren dann sowohl die Preßkastenwände 6 als auch der Mantel des Füllbehälters 2 mit Hilfe von entsprechend vorgesehenen Zugeinrichtungen 12 nach oben. Bei diesem Freilegen des Ballens 11 ist der Preßdruck unverändert hoch. Ein Zerstören des dünnwandigen Behältermantels beim Anziehen ist nicht möglich, da dieser ebenfalls unverändert durch die Preßkastenwände 6 gegen seitliche Drücke infolge des vom Preßstempel 9 erzeugten Preßdruckes geschützt sind.After lowering the press box walls 6 as shown in Figure 3, the filling container 2, which is provided with a thin-walled jacket, is thus secured against the high pressing pressure which arises in the central press 5. Now the piston 8 of the ram 9 moves according to the arrow 10 down into the filling container 2 and presses the fiber material 1 in a pressing process in order to achieve the bale 11 in the last pressing state. According to Figure 4, both the press box walls 6 and the casing of the filling container 2 then move upwards with the aid of appropriately provided traction devices 12. When the bale 11 is exposed, the baling pressure remains high. Destroying the thin-walled container casing when tightening is not possible, since it is also protected unchanged by the press box walls 6 against lateral pressures as a result of the press pressure generated by the press ram 9.

Im Zustand nach dem Bild 5 wird der Ballen 11 mit der auf den Boden 3 gelegten Folie und ggf. mit einer weiteren, oben auf das Fasermaterial vor dem Preßvorgang gelegten Folie und ggf. zusätzlich mit einer seitlich herumgewickelten Folienbahn verpackt und anschließend armiert. Aufgrund dessen kann jetzt der Preßstempel 9 nach oben in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 verfahren und den Ballen 11 zum Abtransport 15 freigeben. Gleichzeitig wird der Mantel des Füllbehälters 2 aus den Preßkastenwänden 6, mittels darin vorgesehenen Einrichtungen 17 nach unten, entsprechend der Pfeile 16, verschoben. Unten angelangt, wird er wieder mit dem Boden 3 vereinigt, um so vervollständigt wieder zurück in Richtung des Pfeiles 18 zu den Vorpressen zu verfahren. Der jetzt frei gewordene Platz kann wieder mit einer neuen Kanne, gemäß Bild 1,2, bestückt werden.In the state according to Figure 5, the bale 11 is packed with the film placed on the bottom 3 and possibly with another film placed on top of the fiber material before the pressing process and, if appropriate, additionally with a film web wound around on the side and then reinforced. Because of this, the ram 9 can now move upward in the direction of arrow 14 and release the bale 11 for removal 15. At the same time, the jacket of the filling container 2 is moved downwards out of the press box walls 6 by means 17 provided therein, in accordance with the arrows 16. Arrived at the bottom, it is combined again with the base 3 in order to move back in the direction of arrow 18 to the pre-presses. The space that has now become available can again be equipped with a new jug, as shown in Fig. 1,2.

Claims (7)

1. Method of compressing fibrous material into bales by compressing the material in a plurality of preliminary presses, wherein each batch of material, which has been initially compressed in a thin-walled container provided with a cover, which is not to be fully opened, is conveyed to a central press, possibly with the incorporation of stand-by positions, the containers are conveyed - one after the other - with the fibrous material into the central press, each container being surrounded there by strong pressure box walls, then the fibrous material is compressed further and finally completely compressed, and is subsequently packaged after removal of the walls retaining the bale, and wherein the empty, thin-walled container is again transported back to the preliminary presses once it has been connected to a container base, characterised in that the fibrous material is completely compressed in the container, which has thin-walls but is surrounded by the pressure box walls, then at least the thin-walled container is displaced relative to the compressed material, and the material is packaged in a known manner.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, after the final compression process, both the thin-walled container and the walls of the pressure container of the central press are displaced jointly and at the same time relative to the compressed material.
3. Device for effecting the method according to claims 1 to 2, comprising a main central press, the pressure box walls of which are displaceable around the container to accommodate the container, characterised in that means (12) are provided, whereby both the container (2) and the pressure box walls (6) are relatively removable from the material (1, 11) which is under pressure.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that both container covers (2, 6) can be simultaneously drawn upwardly from the material (1, 11) by the means (12).
5. Device according to claim 3, comprising a pressure box which is not to be opened, characterised in that means (7) are provided, whereby the pressure box (6) is slidable over the filled containers (2, 3).
6. Device according to claims 3 to 5, characterised in that a means (17) is provided, whereby the container (2) is displaceable downwardly (16) independently of the pressure box (6).
7. Device according to claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the pressure container comprises a cover which is not to be fully opened and is slidable over the thin-walled container.
EP87114847A 1986-10-13 1987-10-12 Method and device for compressing fibrous materials into bales Expired - Lifetime EP0264757B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863634817 DE3634817A1 (en) 1986-10-13 1986-10-13 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPRESSING FIBROUS GOODS IN BALE
DE3634817 1986-10-13

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EP0264757A1 EP0264757A1 (en) 1988-04-27
EP0264757B1 true EP0264757B1 (en) 1990-03-07

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EP (1) EP0264757B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63110113A (en)
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DE3634817A1 (en) 1988-04-14
DE3761814D1 (en) 1990-04-12
US4848222A (en) 1989-07-18
JPS63110113A (en) 1988-05-14
EP0264757A1 (en) 1988-04-27

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