EP0259304B1 - Rasoir vibrant a lame tranchante - Google Patents

Rasoir vibrant a lame tranchante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0259304B1
EP0259304B1 EP19860901418 EP86901418A EP0259304B1 EP 0259304 B1 EP0259304 B1 EP 0259304B1 EP 19860901418 EP19860901418 EP 19860901418 EP 86901418 A EP86901418 A EP 86901418A EP 0259304 B1 EP0259304 B1 EP 0259304B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
razor
locking
face
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19860901418
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0259304A1 (fr
Inventor
Jacques Leroux
Julia Chenard
Alain Cornut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CHENARD, JULIA
CORNUT Alain
Leroux Jacques
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=9316603&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0259304(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86901418T priority Critical patent/ATE52725T1/de
Publication of EP0259304A1 publication Critical patent/EP0259304A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0259304B1 publication Critical patent/EP0259304B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B21/00—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor
    • B26B21/08—Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors or other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor involving changeable blades
    • B26B21/14—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle
    • B26B21/38—Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle with provision for reciprocating the blade by means other than rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibrating razor with a sharp blade and more particularly to a set of means intended to improve the efficiency and reliability of razors of this type currently known.
  • the vibrating razor with a sharp blade is of the type in which the blade is connected to a support by known means of firm fixing, this support itself being connected to a handle or body of razor extending transversely to the edge cutting edge of the blade and which constitutes the gripping and traction member of the razor, handle which has, in an integral manner, in its part which undergoes the gripping and traction action of the user, means for fixing an electric motor whose axis of rotation co-axial with the handle, carries on its end oriented towards the blade support and in an integral manner, an eccentric counterweight which, thus driven in rotation by the axis of the motor, constitutes a generation of movement which determines the entry into vibration of the whole of the handle and of the blade support which is thus animated by a vibratory movement of substantially circular shape in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the motor, the edge tra nesting blade remaining substantially parallel to itself under the gripping action of the hand of the user, electrical supply means being also arranged in the end of the handle opposite to the head
  • the invention also relates to a manufacturing method particularly suitable for the constitution of such a razor, so that the manufacturing cost of the razor is as low as possible.
  • the razor object of the invention, is of the type in which the blade is connected to a support by appropriate means of holding, this support itself being connected to a handle transverse to the cutting edge of the blade and which constitutes the gripping and pulling member of the razor.
  • the main concern in a vibrating razor with a sharp blade must therefore be to ensure total solidarity at least in the direction of the sharp edge of the blade, between the latter and the handle which can still be designated as the gripping member. and traction.
  • the means, intended to allow the replacement of the blade-holder head, are of different designs, but none is designed to oppose a slight displacement of the blade-holder element under the effect of inertial forces developed on the blade or on the blade holder and which have been mentioned above; it is also necessary to see the reason in the reason in the fact that in such razors devoid of vibratory device, the question does not arise since the forces exerted on the blade are limited to the pulling action which is carried out in the axial direction of the handle, that is to say perpendicular to the cutting edge of said blade.
  • blade will denote both the blade itself and the assembly of the blade and a blade-holder element, constituting the extreme part of the razor, blade-holder element in which it is embedded in an integral manner, the said assembly thus defined being, in this case, constituted in a removable manner with a view to its replacement after wear of the blade proper.
  • the invention makes it possible, in particular, to eliminate the drawbacks of the state of the art which have just been stated.
  • the invention relates to a vibrating razor with a sharp blade in which the blade is connected to a support by known means of firm fixing, this support itself being connected to a razor handle or body extending transversely to the cutting edge of the blade and which constitutes the gripping and pulling member of the razor, handle which has, in its part, in its part which undergoes the gripping and pulling action of the user, fixing means d 'an electric motor whose axis of rotation co-axial with the handle, carries on its end oriented towards the blade support and integrally, an eccentric flyweight which, thus driven in rotation by the axis of the motor, determines the vibration of the entire handle and the blade support which is thus animated by a vibratory movement of substantially circular shape in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the motor, the cutting edge of the blade remaining substantially para It lies to itself under the gripping action of the user's hand, power supply means being also arranged in the end of the handle opposite the head, characterized in that the razor body produced in a suitable plastic material
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a vibrating razor with a blade as it has just been defined generally consisting in constituting the razor body in two half shells intended to be joined and secured to one another and on the other side of a longitudinal joint plane extending from the extreme upper face of the razor body on which the locking well opens and substantially in the median plane of the said well, up to the opposite lower extreme part of the said body razor, the two half shells being called “ventral” as for the one which is located on the same side as the cutting edge of the blade and “dorsal” as for the other, all of said half shells being intended to constitute a hollow housing, each of them having on its internal face conjugate elements coming from molding, for example in the form of strips, arranged so as to constitute by their meeting opposite, on the one hand, the s transverse walls of the locking well thus formed between the free edges of the corresponding lamellae, the side walls of the well being constituted by similar lamellae carried by the ventral half-shell and carrying, by molding, projecting elements facing
  • FIG. 22 a large-scale section with partial elevation of the blade holder head of FIG. 21.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 1 designates the blade whose cutting edge bears the reference 2.
  • 3 designates the assembly of a blade support head which comprises an upper cover 4 carrying, perpendicular to its lower face intended to receive the blade , a locking plate 26.
  • the support head 3 is held, in a removable manner and by means which will be described below, in close contact by its lower face 3A with the corresponding face 6A of the upper upper part 6 of the razor body 5.
  • the razor body 5 is constituted by two half-shells 51, 52, disposed on either side of a joint plane 50 and they are made of plastic material for the sake of lightness and ease of assembly of the elements. constitutive, as will be explained below.
  • the assembly of the support head 3 is also made, for the same reasons, of plastic material.
  • the razor body 5 extends perpendicular to the cutting edge 2.
  • the support head 3 carries, on its lower face 30, receiving the blade, and perpendicular to this face, the locking plate 26 which is integral therewith.
  • This plate 26 is intended to be introduced with as little play as possible, considered both in the direction of the cutting edge of the blade and in the direction perpendicular to the latter, in a well 31 of corresponding dimensions arranged in the upper upper part 6 of the razor body 5 with which the underside 30 of the support head 3 is intended to come into close contact with the interposition of the blade and, optionally of a cover 37 intended to mask the latter and whose other functions will be below described in detail.
  • the well 31 extends in the said upper end portion 6 longitudinally thereto, that is to say transversely to the cutting edge 2 of the blade 1.
  • the underside 30 of the cover 4 is substantially flat and has a length at least equal to that of the blade which is intended to come into contact with it.
  • Said lower face 30 of the cover 4 carries, in the middle of its length, the locking plate 26 which is integral with it and ensures the narrow positioning and locking of the support head by its lower peripheral edge 3A on the upper upper face 6A of the razor body 5.
  • said plate 26 has in the vicinity of its free end 33, opposite the cover, 4 and on each of its lateral edges, respectively two notches 34 intended to cooperate with elastic locking means carrying the in the vicinity of their free ends, a boss 35 in the form of a spherical cap or in the form of a segment of a sphere or of a cylinder intended to cooperate, closely, with the corresponding notch 34.
  • Each elastic means is constituted by a strip 27 secured to the inner wall 36 of the upper part 6 of the razor body 5.
  • the lateral edges 49 of the plate 26 have at the end portion 33 of said plate a bevel shape 43 intended to facilitate the introduction of the plate 26 into the well 31 as well as the erasure of the elastic locking means. 27/35 before they enter their corresponding slots 34 in order to achieve said narrow locking of the support head 3 on the upper part 6 of the razor body 5.
  • the locking elements 35 cooperate with the notches 34 by a face 34A thereof inclined towards the blade 1, so as to allow the withdrawal of the support head by simple traction exerted on the latter, traction which determines the spacing lamellae 27 by cooperation of the faces 34A of the notches 34 with the inclined faces 35A which make them opposite the locking elements 35.
  • the part 35A of the locking boss 35 subjects the inclined face 34A of the notch 34 at a determined force by the elastic pressure exerted by the lamellae 27 of which the said bosses are integral and which are formed for this purpose in the upper upper part, of which they are integral, with the handle or razor body 5.
  • the lower edge 3A of the cover 4 then being , by definition of its locking position, in close contact with the extreme upper face 6A of the body 5, the locking plate 26 is therefore subjected to a component of said force which acts in the direction opposite to the face 30 of which it is integral, direction shown in FIG. 10 by the arrow F1, this component firmly applying the said lower edge 3A of the cover 4 of the support head 3 against the end face 6A of the body 5.
  • the optimum angle of inclination of the face 34A of the notch 34 relative to the lateral face such as 49 of the plate 26 on which it is formed is of the order of 30 ° to 45 °.
  • the lower face 30 of the cover hood substantially in the mean plane of the plate 26, respectively at least two pins 32 hot-swappable for the purpose of fixing the blade 1, suitably perforated at 39.40, so as to be crossed, practically without play, by said pins 32 and by the plate 26 for locking and positioning.
  • the blade 1 is covered by a cover 37 in the form of a plate of length substantially equal to that of the said blade 1 and perforated at 41, 42 in the same way as the latter, the pins 32 being of length such that after positioning of the blade 1 until it comes to bear against the underside 30 of the cover 4, the locking plate 26 and the studs 32 passing through their respective corresponding openings, the said studs slightly protrude above the cover 37 so as to allow to subject them to hot crushing with a view to firmly securing with respect to one another the various constituent elements of the support head 3 and, in particular, the firm fixing of the blade 1 with respect thereto.
  • the cover 37 advantageously has the shape of a wedge, the thinner edge 44 of which is intended to be adjacent to the cutting edge 2 of the blade 1, while its longitudinal edge opposite 45 is substantially thicker so as to allow, in the intermediate longitudinal part 46, thus made thicker at the level of the studs 42, the formation of housings 47 formed in the thickness of the cover, intended to receive the extreme part of the nipples which form a thin head after hot crushing.
  • the locking plate 26 and the pins 32 are dimensioned and arranged so that, after assembly, the cutting edge 2 of the blade 1 is slightly projecting from the corresponding longitudinal edges of the cover 4 and of the cover 37.
  • said support head still carries, preferably at each of its ends and parallel to the median plane of the locking plate 26 perpendicular to the edge cutting edge 2 of the blade, respectively two transverse extensions in the form of ears 58, intended to cooperate closely with two housings 59 of corresponding shape formed in the side walls 60 of said upper part; this cooperation takes place both by the faces facing one another 61, 62 of said ears and by their faces 63 corresponding to the end faces 64 of said housings, the faces 63 and the end faces 64 being transverse to the median plane of the locking plate 26 and thus completing the arrangement, practically without play, of the latter in its well 31.
  • the cover of the blade support head 3 has at each end of its upper part 29, a gripping boss 65 intended to facilitate the extraction of said support head from its well 31.
  • the faces 61 , 62 cooperate with the faces 59A, 59B.
  • the support head 3 has, in front of the cutting edge of the blade 1 and a short distance from the latter, an element coming from molding and parallel to said cutting edge which forms, with respect to the latter , a security guard 66; this safety guard is, in the example, connected to each of the ends, of which it is integral, with the cover 4 by the transverse extensions thereof which constitute the transverse retaining ears 58.
  • the well 31 is, in fact, constituted, on the one hand, by the planes of the faces 48, oriented towards one another, of the strips 27 constituting the locking elements; the said faces 48 thus constitute the side walls of the well 31 of the plate 26 which cooperate closely with the side faces 49 of the said plate while the internal face of each of the half-shells 51-52 carries, in an integral manner, symmetrically by relative to the mean plane of the locking plate 26, between and parallel to the lamellae 27, respectively two groups of lamellae 28A, 28B, coming from molding, oriented towards one another and constituting, by the end edges 57A, 57B, of said strips arranged parallel to the locking plate, the transverse walls of the well 31.
  • the razor body 5 is, as has been said previously, constituted by the two half-shells 51, 52 arranged on either side of their longitudinal joint plane 50 which extends from the upper part 6 carrying the head support to its opposite lower end 23 which carries the contactor button 56 and the element 56A intended to establish contact between the conductive strip 55 of one of the two contact strips 80 by which the motor 7, which will be -after described, is supplied, and the corresponding pole of the battery 82.
  • the two half-shells 51, 52 are made integral by assembly means constituted, at their part adjacent to the support head, by a screw 69 which passes through the bottom of a well 70 coming from molding with the half-shell 52 , said screw cooperating with a corresponding bore 71 made in a pillar 72 coming from molding and integral with the other half-shell 51; at their opposite part 23, the half-shells are made integral for example by gluing or snap-fastening by a ring 73.
  • the element ensuring the movement of the blade-holder head 3 integral with the blade and the razor body as said above is constituted by an electric motor 7 fixed in the upper part of said razor body and powered by the electric battery 82 by means of the contact strips 54, 55 fixed by hot crushing of the pins 83, 83A which pass through them, with the interposition of an insulating plate 84, which, by simple elastic contact taking place at the mounting with the connection bars 80, make the said electrical supply to the motor 7.
  • the motor 7 has a rotor axis 12, the said rotor not being shown in the figures, but arranged in a well known manner in the stator 10.
  • the axis of rotation 12 pivots in the bearings 19, 20 and it carries, on its end oriented towards the support head, an eccentric counterweight 11 which communicates with the support head 3 carrying the blade 1 and with the razor body 5 of which it is made integral, a vibratory movement which determines each point of the blade to be made, as shown on a large scale in FIG. 7, a pseudo-circular trajectory 8 when said member 5 is held lightly in hand by the operator without contact with the area to be shaved, the cutting edge 2 remaining substantially parallel to itself.
  • the trajectory of said points of the blade, in particular of its cutting edge 2 undergoes a significant flattening in the direction of the shaving traction and thus takes, as shown at 9 in FIG. 8, a pseudo-elliptical shape, elongated in the direction of said cutting edge, itself substantially perpendicular to said direction of traction.
  • the gripping action of the user is carried out substantially at the point 5A materialized in FIG. 2 substantially at the lower third of the length of the entire razor. It follows that the gripping action determines, moreover, perpendicular to the cutting edge of the blade, a movement which is exerted alternately, at each rotation cycle, in the direction of the area to be shaved or skin of the user then in the opposite direction, substantially in a plane 21 perpendicular to the axis 12 and which forms, with the plane 22 of the blade, an angle A which has been chosen experimentally as between 15 ° and 35 ° and preferably substantially equal to 25 °.
  • the movement of the blade which has just been defined as to its direction perpendicular to the cutting edge 2, is in fact analyzed in a series of percussions and rapid withdrawals which, as well complete the action of pressures or rapid percussions alternating tending to favor the insertion of the cutting edge in the hair, that the relief of the rotation of the motor during the withdrawal which immediately follows this percussion action.
  • the angle of inclination B of the plane of the blade relative to the axis 12 of the rotor is complementary to the angle A and approximately between 55 ° and 75 ° and, preferably substantially of the order of 65 °.
  • the razor body 5 has a portion 24 remote from the blade 1 and close to its end 23 opposite to said blade, which has an axis of symmetry 25, from the level of the end of the motor 7, located opposite the blade while the axis of the motor forms, with the said axis of symmetry, an obtuse angle open in direction (F) of the area to be shaved and between 165 ° and 145 degrees and preferably of the order of 155 °, this resulting from experimental observations.
  • the speed of rotation of the motor which determines the frequency of the movement of the blade is advantageously between 100 and 200 cycles / seconds and preferably, substantially of the order of 150 cycles / second.
  • the motor 7 is held in a housing constituted by the assembly of the ventral half-shell 51 and the dorsal half-shell 52.
  • the stator of this motor has a flat part 89 which cooperates, on the side of the dorsal part, with the longitudinal strips 13 integral with the latter so as to prevent its rotation relative to the razor body 5.
  • the motor rests on elements or strips 14 coming from molding and forming a cradle.
  • the motor is held by the blades 15, 16 which cooperate with the bearing 20, while at its opposite end 68 it is held by the blades 17, 18 which cooperate with the bearing 19, all of these different strips 13 to 18 coming from molding constituting a housing which firmly holds the motor 7 in all directions and which prevents its rotation relative to the razor body 5.
  • FIG. 9 a slightly different embodiment has been shown comprising a support head with blade with two parallel and opposite cutting edges 102A, 102B, symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry 103 and possibly alternately usable, in known manner.
  • the ears 104 of the head have end edges 105 cooperating with the end walls 106 of the corresponding housings which extend symmetrically with respect to the plane 103, the mean plane, or of symmetry of the plate locking, (not shown, as well as its corresponding well, in the schematic drawing of Figure 9), being coincident with said plane 103 so as to allow the head to be turned over after wear of the cutting edge 102A.
  • the constitution of the head and of its locking systems is the same as that previously described in FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • FIGS. 11 to 20 are more specifically intended to represent the method of manufacturing the razor mentioned in the description, this manufacturing method being more especially intended to allow rapid and inexpensive construction of the razor at the stage of assembling its various parts constitutive of which the main ones have been referenced by increasing by 200 units, the reference numbers used in FIGS. 1A to 8 and 10 for the elements of these homologous or substantially corresponding figures from one embodiment to another.
  • the manufacturing process consists in constituting, by molding, the two ventral half-shells 251 and dorsal 252.
  • the half-shell 251 has, on molding, on its internal face the elastic strips 227 which carry the locking bosses 235 intended to cooperate with the notches of the locking plate not shown in said figures. Said internal face also carries the strips 228B which are intended to constitute by their end edges 257B one of the transverse walls of the locking well 231 whose other transverse wall is formed by the end edges 257A of the strips 228A carried by the face internal of the dorsal half shell 252.
  • the two half-shells 251 and 252 are intended to be joined and secured on either side of a longitudinal joint plane 250.
  • the ventral half-shell carries the projecting element 215 forming a fork 215A intended to receive the front bearing of the motor 207 while the latch-shaped locking element 218 is intended to support the rear bearing of said motor.
  • a cradle element forming an elastic clamp 214 has been formed, intended to receive and temporarily immobilize the motor 207 during assembly, both by its elastic branches 214 which embrace the cylindrical part of the motor as well as the ventral flat part 289A of the said engine.
  • the locking elements of the dorsal flat part 289 consist of two housings 213 formed in the dorsal wall of the half shell 252 and which constitute, on the one hand, by their flat faces 213A formed in the extension one on the other, the elements for holding the motor 207 and for preventing the rotation of its stator 210 after the two half shells have coincided in the position of FIG. 16. Furthermore, the opposite end faces 213B of the said housings constitute , in the same position, immobilizing elements of the motor 207.
  • FIGS. 11 to 20 The elements for connecting the motor to the electric supply battery have not been shown in FIGS. 11 to 20 and it will suffice to refer to FIGS. 1 and 2 where the contact strips coming from the motor bear the reference 80 and come ensuring the electrical connection by simple elastic contact with the metal blades 54, 55 respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the electric cell by means of a contact plug such as 56A which has only been shown very schematically in FIG. 17 where it bears the reference 256A and where we note the spring contact elements 256B intended to come to bear on the corresponding metal blade such as the blade 55 (FIG. 2) and establish the circuit with the negative pole of the electric cell such as 82 via the electrical link 256C shown diagrammatically in phantom and the contact pad 256D.
  • a contact plug such as 56A which has only been shown very schematically in FIG. 17 where it bears the reference 256A and where we note the spring contact elements 256B intended to come to bear on the corresponding metal blade such as the blade 55 (FIG. 2) and
  • the method of manufacturing and mounting the body of the razor consists first of all, of placing the motor in the ventral half-shell between the projecting element 215 and the element in the form of a lamella. 218, the front bearing being introduced into the fork 215A while the motor body is embraced by the elastic branches 214 and thus temporarily held in place. In this position and as it appears in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bars 80 coming from the engine come elastically into contact with the lamellae 54 and 55.
  • FIG. 21 represents, in partial schematic elevation, the body of such a razor constituted by the half-shells 251, 252 and which, at its upper part carries the blade support head 203 formed by the cover 204 which carries the locking ears 258 and inside which is fitted the blade cover 237 fixed with interposition of the blade not shown on the underside 230 of the cover by hot crushing of the pins coming from molding as indicated in the description of FIG. 6.
  • the ears 258 of the head 203 cooperate by their faces 263 symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis M of the locking plate with the walls d 'ends 264 of the corresponding housings provided at the end of the razor body and that in addition the upper faces 275 of the end part of the razor body which also form an obtuse angle between them similar to the preceding cooperate with the faces 276 of the cover blade 237 which make the same angle between them.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
EP19860901418 1985-02-25 1986-02-25 Rasoir vibrant a lame tranchante Expired - Lifetime EP0259304B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86901418T ATE52725T1 (de) 1985-02-25 1986-02-25 Rasierhobel mit vibrierender klinge.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8502719A FR2577842A1 (fr) 1985-02-25 1985-02-25 Perfectionnement aux rasoirs a lame tranchante
FR8502719 1985-02-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0259304A1 EP0259304A1 (fr) 1988-03-16
EP0259304B1 true EP0259304B1 (fr) 1990-05-16

Family

ID=9316603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860901418 Expired - Lifetime EP0259304B1 (fr) 1985-02-25 1986-02-25 Rasoir vibrant a lame tranchante

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0259304B1 (xx)
AU (1) AU5459386A (xx)
DE (1) DE3671186D1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2577842A1 (xx)
MC (1) MC1815A1 (xx)
WO (1) WO1986004854A1 (xx)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5050301A (en) * 1990-09-19 1991-09-24 The Gillette Company Razor assembly
WO2006027017A1 (en) * 2004-09-07 2006-03-16 Bic-Violex Sa Vibrating wet shaver

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3008232A (en) * 1959-07-17 1961-11-14 Jr John J Shea Vibratory electric safety razor
US3636627A (en) * 1969-08-11 1972-01-25 Victor Tiffin Razor with oscillating head
US3611568A (en) * 1969-08-20 1971-10-12 Gillette Co Vibratory safety razor
US3648368A (en) * 1970-03-23 1972-03-14 Gillette Co Safety razor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MC1815A1 (fr) 1988-03-18
DE3671186D1 (de) 1990-06-21
WO1986004854A1 (fr) 1986-08-28
AU5459386A (en) 1986-09-10
EP0259304A1 (fr) 1988-03-16
FR2577842A1 (fr) 1986-08-29

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