EP0259196A1 - Process for drying masonry - Google Patents

Process for drying masonry Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0259196A1
EP0259196A1 EP87400969A EP87400969A EP0259196A1 EP 0259196 A1 EP0259196 A1 EP 0259196A1 EP 87400969 A EP87400969 A EP 87400969A EP 87400969 A EP87400969 A EP 87400969A EP 0259196 A1 EP0259196 A1 EP 0259196A1
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Prior art keywords
phoresis
liquid
powder
masonry
electrodes
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EP87400969A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0259196B1 (en
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Jean-Marie Wagner
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7007—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by using electricity, e.g. electro-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements made to methods for drying masonry by electro-osmosis.
  • French patent number 1 508 872 filed on January 24, 1967 by Mr. Jakob TRABER describes a process for the drying of masonry by electro-osmosis according to which a series of electrodes are inserted in the masonry to be dried and are connected by an electrical conductor the end of which is connected to a voltage source and according to which, in parallel with osmosis, an electro-phoresis or an electro-injection is carried out, by using the inserted electrodes, which include a sealing or sealing product.
  • wall electrodes are put in place which are connected to electrodes implanted in the ground (electro-osmosis), but without an external current source, a direct filling is carried out under low pressure of the wells wall electrodes with liquid.
  • phoresis epitrophoresis
  • the wall electrodes are coated with a mortar of phoresis powder.
  • the removal of the voltage source is made possible by obtaining a sufficient potential difference between the wet wall and the wet ground due to the undiminished conductivity of the copper electrodes by the phoresis mortar.
  • This invention proposes to bring improvements to the process described above, giving very superior results, in particular because of a considerably higher comparative conductivity.
  • the subject of this invention is a method for dewatering masonry by electro-osmosis and electro-phoresis, which consists in placing, in masonry, wall electrodes connected to electrodes implanted in the ground, in carrying out a filling the wells of the wall electrodes with a phoresis liquid and, after total absorption thereof, coating the wall electrodes with a phoresis powder mortar, this process being characterized in that the phoresis liquid is a silica solution colloidal and in that the phoresis powder comprises in particular more than 15% by volume of graphite in the form of a wettable micronized powder.
  • the phoresis liquid used in the process which is the subject of this invention is therefore a colloidal silica solution taking care form of milky or slightly opalescent dispersions of silica particles, the specific surface of these particles, per gram of solution, being substantially 85 m2.
  • the dry matter content is 10% minimum and the pH at 20 'is 9.9.
  • the silica particles in suspension in the phoresis liquid migrate in the direction of the wall towards the ground and they agglomerate at the narrowed or bent parts of the masonry capillaries, thus constituting real plugs which will subsequently oppose any rise of water from the ground to the wall.
  • the phoresis liquid according to this invention has the remarkable characteristic of gelling at will (rigid gel) more or less long term, by modulation of the pH, this modulation being obtained by the addition of ionizable salts.
  • the variation of the gelation time as a function of the pH is shown.
  • the gelation time can be increased to 120 hours or more by raising the pH to 8.5. This will result in a very significant penetration of the phoresis liquid inside the wall to be dried.
  • This phoresis powder is essentially characterized by a conductivity considerably higher than that of the phoresis powders currently used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

1. Process for drying masonry by electro-osmosis and electro-phoresis, which consists in placing, in the masonry, in holes provided for this purpose, wall electrodes connected to electrodes planted in the soil, but without an external current source, of filling the holes for the wall electrodes with a phoresis liquid based upon silica and, after total absorption of this liquid, of coating the wall electrodes with a mortar of phoresis powder based upon graphite, this process being characterized in that the phoresis liquid is a solution of colloidal silica, in that the period of gelling of the phoresis liquid is acted upon by modulation of its pH value achieved by the addition of ionisable salts, and in that the phoresis powder comprises, notably, more than 15% by volume of graphite in the form of absorbent micronized powder.

Description

La présente invention est relative à des perfectionnements apportés aux procédés d'assèchement des maçonneries par électro-osmose.The present invention relates to improvements made to methods for drying masonry by electro-osmosis.

Le brevet français numéro 1 508 872 déposé le 24 Janvier 1967 par Monsieur Jakob TRABER décrit un procédé pour l'assèchement des maçonneries par électro-osmose selon lequel une série d'électrodes sont insérées dans la maçonnerie à assécher et sont reliées par un conducteur électrique dont l'extrémité est raccordée à une source de tension et selon lequel, parallèlement à l'osmose, on exécute une électro-phorèse ou une électro-injection, par utilisation des électrodes insérées, qui comportent un produit de scellage ou d'étanchéité.French patent number 1 508 872 filed on January 24, 1967 by Mr. Jakob TRABER describes a process for the drying of masonry by electro-osmosis according to which a series of electrodes are inserted in the masonry to be dried and are connected by an electrical conductor the end of which is connected to a voltage source and according to which, in parallel with osmosis, an electro-phoresis or an electro-injection is carried out, by using the inserted electrodes, which include a sealing or sealing product.

On comprend que, grâce à ce procédé connu, on combine deux effets différents :

  • 1) L'électro-osmose permet, grâce à l'implantation des électrodes, d'inverser le courant produit par les remontées capillaires de l'eau.
  • 2) L'électro-phorèse complète l'électro-osmose grâce à la migration au travers de la maçonnerie, dans le sens du déplacement de l'eau, des particules ionisées provenant des produits de phorèse solides ou liquides enrobés dans des gaines de plastique mou et placés dans la maçonnerie, au droit des forages, recevant les électrodes. La mise en oeuvre des gaines est particulièrement délicate.
We understand that, thanks to this known process, we combine two different effects:
  • 1) The electro-osmosis allows, thanks to the implantation of the electrodes, to reverse the current produced by the capillary rising of the water.
  • 2 ) Electro-phoresis completes electro-osmosis thanks to the migration through masonry, in the direction of water movement, of ionized particles coming from solid or liquid phoresis products coated in plastic sheaths soft and placed in the masonry, in line with the boreholes, receiving the electrodes. The implementation of the sheaths is particularly delicate.

Selon un autre procédé développé par le présent titulaire, on met en place des électrodes murales qui sont reliées à des électrodes implantées dans le sol (électro-osmose), mais sans source de courant extérieure, on exécute un remplissage direct sous faible pression des puits des électrodes murales avec un liquide de. phorèse (électro-phorèse) et, après absorption du liquide de phorèse, on enrobe les électrodes murales avec un mortier de poudre de phorèse.According to another process developed by the present holder, wall electrodes are put in place which are connected to electrodes implanted in the ground (electro-osmosis), but without an external current source, a direct filling is carried out under low pressure of the wells wall electrodes with liquid. phoresis (electrophoresis) and, after absorption of the phoresis liquid, the wall electrodes are coated with a mortar of phoresis powder.

Selon ce procédé, la suppression de la source de tension est rendue possible par l'obtention d'une différence de potentiel suffisante entre le mur humide et le sol humide en raison de la conductibilité non amoindrie des électrodes en cuivre par le mortier de phorèse.According to this method, the removal of the voltage source is made possible by obtaining a sufficient potential difference between the wet wall and the wet ground due to the undiminished conductivity of the copper electrodes by the phoresis mortar.

Cette invention se propose d'apporter des perfectionnements au procédé décrit ci-dessus, donnant des résultats très supérieurs, en raison notamment d'une conductibilité comparative considérablement plus élevée.This invention proposes to bring improvements to the process described above, giving very superior results, in particular because of a considerably higher comparative conductivity.

En conséquence, cette invention a pour objet un procédé d'assèchement des maçonneries par électro-osmose et électro-phorèse, qui consiste à mettre en place, dans les maçonneries, des électrodes murales reliées à des électrodes implantées dans le sol, à effectuer un remplissage des puits des électrodes murales avec un liquide de phorèse et, après totale absorption de celui-ci, à enrober les électrodes murales avec un mortier de poudre de phorèse, ce procédé étant caractérisé en ce que le liquide de phorèse est une solution de silice colloïdale et en ce que la poudre de phorèse comprend notamment plus de 15 % en volume de graphite sous forme de poudre micronisée mouillable.Consequently, the subject of this invention is a method for dewatering masonry by electro-osmosis and electro-phoresis, which consists in placing, in masonry, wall electrodes connected to electrodes implanted in the ground, in carrying out a filling the wells of the wall electrodes with a phoresis liquid and, after total absorption thereof, coating the wall electrodes with a phoresis powder mortar, this process being characterized in that the phoresis liquid is a silica solution colloidal and in that the phoresis powder comprises in particular more than 15% by volume of graphite in the form of a wettable micronized powder.

Le liquide de phorèse mis en oeuvre dans le procédé objet de cette invention est donc une solution de silice colloïdale se présentant soin forme de dispersions laiteuses ou légèrement opalescentes de particules de silice, la surface spécifique de ces particules, par gramme de solution, étant sensiblement de 85 m2.The phoresis liquid used in the process which is the subject of this invention is therefore a colloidal silica solution taking care form of milky or slightly opalescent dispersions of silica particles, the specific surface of these particles, per gram of solution, being substantially 85 m2.

Selon l'invention, la teneur en matière sèche est de 10 % minimum et le pH à 20' est de 9,9.According to the invention, the dry matter content is 10% minimum and the pH at 20 'is 9.9.

Les propriétés physico-chimiques de ce liquide de phorèse sont les suivantes :

  • - Sa capacité de dilution dans l'eau, en toutes proportions, est un élément très favorable en ce sens qu'elle concourt à sa diffusion homogène et profonde au coeur de la maçonnerie humide où il a été placé
  • - Il reste stable en présence d'acides organiques ou minéraux jusqu'à pH 3 ;
  • - L'addition de sels ionisables tels que HaCl ou Na2 ou Na2SO4, tend à gélifier la solution, en fonction du pH et de la température ainsi que cela sera explicité ci-après.
The physico-chemical properties of this phoresis liquid are as follows:
  • - Its dilution capacity in water, in all proportions, is a very favorable element in the sense that it contributes to its homogeneous and deep diffusion in the heart of the wet masonry where it was placed
  • - It remains stable in the presence of organic or mineral acids up to pH 3;
  • - The addition of ionizable salts such as HaCl or Na 2 or Na 2 SO 4 tends to gel the solution, depending on the pH and the temperature as will be explained below.

Lors de sa mise en oeuvre dans le procédé connu d'assèchement des maçonneries, combinant l'électro-osmose et l'électro-phorèse, les particules de silice en suspension dans le liquide de phorèse, migrent dans le sens du mur vers le sol et elles s'agglomèrent aux parties rétrécies ou coudées des capillaires de la maçonnerie, constituant ainsi de véritables bouchons qui s'opposeront, par la suite, à toute remontée d'eau du sol dans le mur.During its implementation in the known method of drying masonry, combining electro-osmosis and electrophoresis, the silica particles in suspension in the phoresis liquid, migrate in the direction of the wall towards the ground and they agglomerate at the narrowed or bent parts of the masonry capillaries, thus constituting real plugs which will subsequently oppose any rise of water from the ground to the wall.

Enfin, le liquide de phorèse selon cette invention possède la remarquable caractéristique de gélifier à volonté (gel rigide) à plus ou moins longue échéance, par modulation du pH, cette modulation étant obtenue par l'addition de sels ionisables. Sur la figure unique du dessin annexé, on a représenté la variation du temps de gélification en fonction du pH. Ainsi, pour obturer les capillaires de murs minces, en rendant neutre le pH du mur par addition de sels, notamment de ClNa, on obtiendra le résultat en 6 heures, temps nécessaire et suffisant pour obtenir la pénétration appropriée. Par contre, dans des murs épais, la durée de gélification pourra être portée jusqu'à 120 heures ou plus en élevant le pH à 8,5. Il en résultera une pénétration très importante du liquide de phorèse à l'intérieur du mur à assécher.Finally, the phoresis liquid according to this invention has the remarkable characteristic of gelling at will (rigid gel) more or less long term, by modulation of the pH, this modulation being obtained by the addition of ionizable salts. In the single figure of appended drawing, the variation of the gelation time as a function of the pH is shown. Thus, to close the capillaries of thin walls, making the pH of the wall neutral by adding salts, in particular ClNa, the result will be obtained in 6 hours, time necessary and sufficient to obtain the appropriate penetration. On the other hand, in thick walls, the gelation time can be increased to 120 hours or more by raising the pH to 8.5. This will result in a very significant penetration of the phoresis liquid inside the wall to be dried.

Le choix de la composition particulière de poudre de phorèse, objet de cette invention, répond en particulier aux exigences suivantes :

  • - Obtenir une composition de produits permettant la préparation d'un mortier spécial pour sceller des électrodes en cuivre dans les murs ;
  • - Obtenir une composition permettant la réalisation d'un mortier suffisamment conducteur pour ne pas affaiblir l'action des électrodes ;
  • - Réaliser un mortier pompable de manière à assurer un remplissage rapide et régulier des puits de forage des électrodes ;
The choice of the particular composition of phoresis powder, object of this invention, meets in particular the following requirements:
  • - Obtain a composition of products allowing the preparation of a special mortar to seal copper electrodes in the walls;
  • - Obtain a composition allowing the production of a sufficiently conductive mortar so as not to weaken the action of the electrodes;
  • - Make a pumpable mortar so as to ensure rapid and regular filling of the electrode wells;

Ces considérations ont amené l'inventeur à mettre au point la composition suivante de poudre de phorése :

Figure imgb0001
Cette poudre de phorèse se caractérise essentiellement par une conductibilité considérablement supérieure à celle des poudres de phorèse actuellement utilisées.These considerations led the inventor to develop the following composition of phoresia powder:
Figure imgb0001
 This phoresis powder is essentially characterized by a conductivity considerably higher than that of the phoresis powders currently used.

Il demeure bien entendu que la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de mise en oeuvre précisés ici mais qu'elle en englobe toutes les variantes.It remains to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the examples of implementation specified here but that it encompasses all variants thereof.

Claims (5)

1- Procédé d'assèchement des maçonneries par électro-osmose et électro-phorèse, qui consiste à mettre en place, dans les maçonneries, des électrodes murales reliées à des électrodes implantées dans le sol, à effectuer un remplissage des puits des électrodes murales avec un liquide de phorèse et, après totale absorption de celui-ci, à enrober les électrodes murales avec un mortier de poudre de phorése, ce procédé étant caractérisé en ce que le liquide de phorèse est une solution de silice colloïdale et en ce que la poudre de phorèse comprend notamment plus de 15 % en volume de graphite sous forme de poudre micronisée mouillable.1- Method of draining masonry by electro-osmosis and electrophoresis, which consists of installing, in masonry, wall electrodes connected to electrodes implanted in the ground, filling the wells of the wall electrodes with a phoresis liquid and, after total absorption thereof, for coating the wall electrodes with a mortar of phoresis powder, this process being characterized in that the phoresis liquid is a solution of colloidal silica and in that the powder phoresis includes in particular more than 15% by volume of graphite in the form of wettable micronized powder. 2- Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ladite solution de silice colloïdale se présente sous la forme d'une dispersion laiteuse ou légèrement opalescente de particules de silice dont la surface spécifique par gramme de solution est de l'ordre de 85 M2.2- A method according to claim 1 characterized in that said colloidal silica solution is in the form of a milky or slightly opalescent dispersion of silica particles whose specific surface per gram of solution is of the order of 85 M2. 3- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que la teneur en matière sèche de la solution est de 10 % minimum.3- Method according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the dry matter content of the solution is 10% minimum. 4- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'on agit sur la durée de la gélification du liquide de phorèse, par modulation de son pH obtenue par addition de sels ionisables.4- Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one acts on the duration of the gelation of the phoresis liquid, by modulation of its pH obtained by addition of ionizable salts. 5- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la poudre de phorèse présente la composition suivante :
Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0003
 5- Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the phoresis powder has the following composition:
Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0003
EP19870400969 1986-09-02 1987-04-27 Process for drying masonry Expired - Lifetime EP0259196B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8612324 1986-09-02
FR8612324A FR2603318B1 (en) 1986-09-02 1986-09-02 IMPROVEMENTS IN PROCESSES FOR DRYING MASONRY

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EP0259196A1 true EP0259196A1 (en) 1988-03-09
EP0259196B1 EP0259196B1 (en) 1990-08-29

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EP (1) EP0259196B1 (en)
DE (2) DE259196T1 (en)
FR (1) FR2603318B1 (en)
MA (1) MA20962A1 (en)
PT (1) PT84834B (en)
TN (1) TNSN87065A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2736075A1 (en) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-03 Stumpp Bernard Drying and sealing masonry wall
ES2208009A1 (en) * 2001-06-04 2004-06-01 Josep Pares Torrus Desalination, drying and reinforcement method for structural walls involves applying electric current between electrodes, and applying hydrophobic fluid to wall, filling pores of wall material or wall, after desalination and drying

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH404149A (en) * 1962-06-02 1965-12-15 Jakob Traber Mauerentfeuchtung Process for dehumidifying and sealing masonry using electro-osmosis and electrophoresis
FR1508872A (en) * 1966-01-26 1968-03-20
FR2365666A1 (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-04-21 Delbecq Germaine Automatic electronic system for drying out buildings - counteracts natural electric current caused by dampness
FR2478164A2 (en) * 1980-03-11 1981-09-18 Berrie Emile Electro-osmosis system for drying masonry by colloidal liq. - uses liq. injected for controlled time round electrodes inserted in wall cavities to maintain effectiveness of electro-osmosis

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH404149A (en) * 1962-06-02 1965-12-15 Jakob Traber Mauerentfeuchtung Process for dehumidifying and sealing masonry using electro-osmosis and electrophoresis
FR1508872A (en) * 1966-01-26 1968-03-20
FR2365666A1 (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-04-21 Delbecq Germaine Automatic electronic system for drying out buildings - counteracts natural electric current caused by dampness
FR2478164A2 (en) * 1980-03-11 1981-09-18 Berrie Emile Electro-osmosis system for drying masonry by colloidal liq. - uses liq. injected for controlled time round electrodes inserted in wall cavities to maintain effectiveness of electro-osmosis

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2736075A1 (en) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-03 Stumpp Bernard Drying and sealing masonry wall
ES2208009A1 (en) * 2001-06-04 2004-06-01 Josep Pares Torrus Desalination, drying and reinforcement method for structural walls involves applying electric current between electrodes, and applying hydrophobic fluid to wall, filling pores of wall material or wall, after desalination and drying

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2603318B1 (en) 1988-10-28
EP0259196B1 (en) 1990-08-29
TNSN87065A1 (en) 1990-01-01
MA20962A1 (en) 1987-12-31
DE3764591D1 (en) 1990-10-04
DE259196T1 (en) 1988-07-21
PT84834A (en) 1988-10-14
FR2603318A1 (en) 1988-03-04
PT84834B (en) 1993-07-30

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