EP0258036A2 - Isolierte Leitung mit hochtemperaturbeständiger Multischichtisolierung - Google Patents

Isolierte Leitung mit hochtemperaturbeständiger Multischichtisolierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0258036A2
EP0258036A2 EP87307504A EP87307504A EP0258036A2 EP 0258036 A2 EP0258036 A2 EP 0258036A2 EP 87307504 A EP87307504 A EP 87307504A EP 87307504 A EP87307504 A EP 87307504A EP 0258036 A2 EP0258036 A2 EP 0258036A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
lacquer
polyimide
conductor
insulated conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87307504A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0258036A3 (en
EP0258036B1 (de
Inventor
Norman Ralph Harlow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carlisle Corp
Original Assignee
Carlisle Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25414733&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0258036(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Carlisle Corp filed Critical Carlisle Corp
Publication of EP0258036A2 publication Critical patent/EP0258036A2/de
Publication of EP0258036A3 publication Critical patent/EP0258036A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0258036B1 publication Critical patent/EP0258036B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0208—Cables with several layers of insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H01B13/141—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion of two or more insulating layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an insulated conductor with a plurality of layers of insulation able to withstand relatively high temperatures and mechanical abuse and to the manufacture thereof.
  • Insulated conductors which have insulation which is satisfactory for use at relatively high temperatures, i.e. 200° and higher, are desirable for many applications and particularly for installation in aircraft and missiles.
  • One such insulated conductor is described in Military Specification Sheet MIL-W-81381/7E and comprises a plurality of stranded wires plated with silver or nickel and surrounded by two helical layers of fluorocarbon/polyimide tape, the outer layer of tape being coated with an aromatic polyimide resin.
  • the tape may be a film of the type sold by E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.
  • such tape being a thermoset polyimide film combined with a fluorinated ethylene-­propylene copolymer film for sealing purposes.
  • the polyimide resin coating is used to provide color identification and to smooth and help protect the tapes with respect to the environment.
  • the described insulation conductor will meet a 200°C temperature rating requirement, it has several disadvantages.
  • the main disadvantage is the problem of proper adhesion of the coating to the tape because of its tendency to hydrolize.
  • Other disadvantages are the necessity of winding two layers of opposite hand with proper overlap and the problem of maintaining dimensions at tape splices.
  • Another insulated conductor has two extruded layers of irradiated, and hence, cross-linked, ethylenetetra­fluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE).
  • ETFE ethylenetetra­fluoroethylene copolymer
  • polyimide both thermoplastic and thermoset
  • polyimide has good high temperature properties, it is difficult to apply it directly to the conductors because of air in the interstices of the conductors and the polyimide has strong adhesion to the conductors making it difficult to strip the insulation.
  • Polyimide layers are also subject to cracking and hydrolyzing unless the cross-linking thereof is substantially perfect, perfection being difficult to obtain under usual manufacturing conditions.
  • One object of the invention is to provide an insulated conductor which can be temperature rated at at least 200°C.
  • Another object of the invention is to overcome problems with insulated conductors described hereinbefore.
  • a first layer of perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA) compound or a polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE) compound is extruded over and in contact with the conductor or conductors which provides a layer of insulation which can withstand a temperature of at least 250°C and which makes the multi-layer insulation readily strippable from the conductor or conductors.
  • the outer surface of the first layer is etched in a conventional manner, and there­after, a layer of polyimide in a solvent having a relatively high polyimide content preferably is extruded over the first layer and the solvent is removed by heat to provide a solid second layer of polyimide.
  • a third layer a layer of a PFA compound, an ethylene-tetrafluoreothylene copolymer (ETFE) compound, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) compound or a polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) compound, is extruded over the second layer, such third layer protecting the polyimide, second layer from the environment.
  • a layer of a PFA compound an ethylene-tetrafluoreothylene copolymer (ETFE) compound, an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) compound or a polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) compound
  • each of the three layers of insulation is extruded over the conductor, or the conductor with one or more layers of insulation thereon, in an alternative embodiment, one or more, or all, the layers may be applied by conventional coating techniques.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an insulated conductor of the invention which comprises a central conductor 1 formed, in this case, by a plurality of copper wires.
  • the conductor could be a single wire.
  • the wire or wires are plated with a metal such as tin, silver or nickel. Tin may be used if the insulated conductor is to be rated at 150°C, silver, if the insulated conductor is to be rated at 200°C or nickel, if the insulated conductor is to be rated at above 200°C, e.g. 250°C.
  • nickel may be used for all such ratings, and silver may be used for all ratings up to 200°C.
  • the temperature rating of the insulated conductor of the invention is determined from the tests described in the Military Specification MIL-W-81381A and the tests referred to therein.
  • the insulated conductor of the invention may be rated at above 200°C, e.g. 250°C, if the wire or wires are coated with nickel. Of course, in some cases, particularly, if it is not necessary to meet a military specification, the plating metal may be omitted.
  • the conductor 1 is covered by a first layer 2 extruded or coated thereover and in contact therewith.
  • the layer 2 is a layer of PFA, a thermoplastic, which is extruded or coated over the conductor 1 by conventional wire covering equipment and techniques or is covered by a layer of PTFE which is coated over the conductor 1 or extruded over the conductor 1 in paste form by conventional wire covering equipment and techniques. If the layer 2 is an extruded layer of PFA, the layer 2 is merely cooled after application to the conductor 1, and if the layer 2 is an extruded layer of PTFE, it is heated to cause it to become sintered and thermoset.
  • the first layer 2 After the first layer 2 is set, it is covered by a second layer 3 which is extruded or coated over the layer 2 and is in contact therewith.
  • a second layer 3 which is extruded or coated over the layer 2 and is in contact therewith.
  • the outer surface of the layer 2 is etched by conventional methods, such as by acid or plasma, before the layer 3 is extruded or coated thereover so as to improve the adhesion between layers 2 and 3.
  • second layer 3 is formed by coating of the first layer 2
  • the coating is applied in a conventional manner, using a lacquer comprising thermosettable polyimide in a known solvent.
  • the lacquer may include other known materials to prevent settling of the polyimide and for other purposes. If the polyimide is a thermoplastic, it can be extruded over the first layer 2 in a conventional manner.
  • a lacquer which contains at least 20% by weight of polyimide solids, so that the lacquer has a relatively high viscosity is extruded over the layer 2.
  • a relatively thick layer of the polyimide e.g. 1-2 mils in thickness, can be applied to the layer 2 without requiring several passes of the conductor 1 with the layer 2 thereon through a bath of polyimide lacquer.
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the novel process and apparatus of the invention for extruding a polyimide containing lacquer over an elongated article, such as the conductor 1 covered with the layer 2.
  • the process and apparatus of the invention can also be used for covering other articles, such as tubes, rods, wires etc.
  • the conductor with the layer 2 thereon is fed from a reel 7 through an etching bath 8 where the exterior surface of the layer 2 is etched.
  • the insulated conductor 6a is then passed through a bath 9 to remove the etchant and is thereafter dried.
  • the conductor 6a is then passed around a pulley 10 to change its direction to a vertical path so that when the lacquer is applied thereto, it does not sag to one side of the conductor axis and make the layer 3 non-concentric with the axis of the conductor.
  • the conductor 6a passes through the bore of a die insert 11 having an extension 12 and received in a die body 13.
  • the insert 11 has a groove 14 and the body 13 has a groove 15 for receiving a retaining clip (not shown) which retains the insert 11 in the body 13.
  • a layer of the viscous polyimide lacquer is extruded there­over to provide an insulated conductor, designated as 6b, insulated by the layers 2 and 3, and the insulated conductor 6b, is passed through an oven 16, which represents a series of ovens, where the lacquer solvent is driven off and the layer 3 becomes thermoset.
  • the temperature in the ovens 16 is selected based on the boiling point of the solvent and the temperature required for the cross-linking of the polyimide, and the temperature normally increases from the entrance to the oven 16 to the exit from the oven 16. For example, the temperature at the entrance may be 250°C-300°C and the temperature at the exit may be 600°C.
  • the time of transit of the insulated conductor 6b through the oven 16 is selected so as to both remove the solvent and cross-link, or thermoset, the polyimide.
  • the die comprising the body 13 and the insert 11, has a cavity 17 around the extension 12 which receives, through the opening 18 in the body 13 (see Figures 2 and 3) the lacquer 23 which forms the layer 3.
  • the lacquer 23 is extruded in tubular form around the insulated conductor 6a by reason of the extension 12, and contracts around the layer 2.
  • the layer 3 is of uniform thickness around, and concentric with, the axis of the conductor.
  • the polyimide containing lacquer is supplied under pressure from the metering pump 19 by way of the line 21 and is supplied to the pump 19 from any conventional source by way of the line 22.
  • the lacquer which is supplied to the opening 18 may contain a conventional cross-linking agent, such as a acetic anhydride and beta-picoline.
  • the cross-linking agent is supplied to the pump 19 as indicated in Figure 2 by another metering pump (not shown).
  • the pressure at which the lacquer is supplied to the opening 18 depends, as is known to those skilled in the art, upon several factors including the viscosity of the lacquer and the speed at which the insulated conductor passes through the die. With a lacquer of the type described hereinafter, the pressure may be on the order of 150-200 psi.
  • Polyimide lacquers containing at least 15% by weight of the lacquer of thermosettable polyimide solids are commercially available but are usually used for coating purposes. Such lacquers also usually contain suspensoids, anti-oxidants and other materials in minor amounts.
  • the solvent used depends on various factors, but the polyimide solids content and the solvent employed for the lacquer are selected so that the lacquer has a relatively high viscosity. Preferably, the polyimide solids content is at least 25% and the lacquer has a viscosity of at least 200,000 centipoises.
  • One suitable solvent is normal methyl pyrrolidone.
  • a lacquer which has been found to be satisfactory has 25% by weight of the lacquer of thermo­settable polyimide solids in such solvent and has a viscosity of about 240,000 centipoises.
  • a thermoset layer 3 of 1-2 mils in thickness can be obtained with a single pass through the die shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a modified form of the die insert 11 shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the die of Figures 2 and 3 is preferred because it gives better control of the thickness and concentricity of the layer 3, a die with the insert 11a shown in Figure 4 may be found to be satisfactory.
  • the die body 13 is the same as the die body shown in Figures 2 and 3, and the insert 11a is substantially the same as the insert 11, except for the extension 12a which is shorter than the extension 12 or which may be omitted entirely.
  • the lacquer 23 impinges directly on the insulated conductor 6a within the cavity 17.
  • the insulated conductor 6a may be displaced radially by the lacquer 23 causing the layer 3 to be not concentric with the axis of the conductor at various points in the direction of the axis of the conductor which, however, can be acceptable for some end uses for the insulated conductor.
  • thermosetting of the polyimide can be accomplished by other conventional methods.
  • the cross-linking agent can be omitted, and the thermosetting of the polyimide can be caused by heat alone or by irradiation of the layer 3.
  • the layer 3 of polyimide lacquer is extruded or coated over the layer 2, the layer 3 is heated in a known manner to remove the solvent and to cause the material of the layer 3 to become thermoset.
  • a third layer 4 is extruded or coated over the layer 3.
  • the third layer 4 can be a plastic material which will withstand the temperature to which the insulated conductor is subjected and which will protect the layer 3 from the environment. It is preferred that the third layer 4 comprise PFA, ETFE or PVDF, but for a temperature rating of 200°C and higher, it is preferred that the third layer 4 comprise PFA which is extruded or coated over the layer 3 in a conventional manner. When ETFE or PVDF are used, they are extruded or coated over the layer 3 in a conventional manner, and if desired, when layer 4 comprises PVDF, the layer 4 may be cross-linked by radiation.
  • the radial thicknesses of the layers 2, 3 and 4 may be selected so as to provide the desired radial thickness of insulation. For example, if the desired total thickness is 7 mils, the layers 2 and 4 may have thicknesses of 3 mils and the layer 3 may have a thickness of 1 mil. It is not necessary that the layers 2 and 4 have the same thick­ness, but normally the thicknesses of the layers 2 and 4 will be greater than the thickness of the layer 3, e.g., up to three times or more of the thickness of the layer 3.
  • An insulated conductor made as described hereinbefore will have a temperature rating of at least 150°C, and if made with a layer 4 of PFA, will have a temperature rating in excess of 200°C.
  • each layer of insulation is applied by extrusion which permits close control of the dimensions and concentricity of the insulation and eliminates multiple passes of the conductor through a liquid in obtaining any of the layers. Furthermore, no wrapping or splicing of tapes is required.
  • the application of the polyimide resin directly to the conductor, and its attendant problems, is eliminated, and the problems of cracking, separating and hydrolizing of the polyimide layer are avoided or overcome.
  • the various layers of insulating material may be applied while the conductor is advanced lengthwise using conventional extrusion equipment which is used to extrude insulation over a conductor.
  • the first layer is extruded there­over.
  • the second layer is extruded thereover.
  • the conductor with the first and second layers thereon are advanced lengthwise, and the third layer is extruded thereover.
  • Each layer may be applied individually, i.e.
  • an insulated conductor of the invention may be manufactured in a continuous operation with the condu­ctor being fed into one end of the production line and with the complete insulated conductor exiting from the other end of the line.
  • the insulated conductor of the invention may be used by itself or with a further insulating layer or a conduc­tive sheath therearound.
  • a plurality of such conductors may be stranded to form twisted pairs or may be assembled in a bundle covered by a protective sheath.
  • several insulated conductors may be placed in side-by-side relation and be bonded together at their contacting surfaces.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates three insulated conductors 6 of the invention stranded together and surrounded by a sheath 20 of plastic material.
  • the plastic material for the sheath is selected to provide the desired temperature rating, as described hereinbefore, and for example, if the temperature rating is to be 200°C or higher, the plastic material can be PFA.
  • the plastic materials may have conventional fillers which do not materially affect the desired properties of the insulation of the cable in an adverse manner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
EP19870307504 1986-08-28 1987-08-25 Isolierte Leitung mit hochtemperaturbeständiger Multischichtisolierung Revoked EP0258036B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US90174086A 1986-08-28 1986-08-28
US901740 1986-08-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0258036A2 true EP0258036A2 (de) 1988-03-02
EP0258036A3 EP0258036A3 (en) 1988-06-08
EP0258036B1 EP0258036B1 (de) 1993-07-07

Family

ID=25414733

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870307504 Revoked EP0258036B1 (de) 1986-08-28 1987-08-25 Isolierte Leitung mit hochtemperaturbeständiger Multischichtisolierung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0258036B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6358709A (de)
DE (1) DE3786429T2 (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0380245A1 (de) * 1989-01-27 1990-08-01 AT&T Corp. Gefüllte Kabel, die nichthalogenierte Kunststoffe enthalten
EP0380244A1 (de) * 1989-01-27 1990-08-01 AT&T Corp. Gebäudekabel, die nichthalogenierte Kunststoffe enthalten
EP0583521A1 (de) * 1992-08-12 1994-02-23 Totoku Electric Co., Ltd. Mehrlagig isolierter Draht für Hochfrequenztransformatorwindung
FR2712115A1 (fr) * 1993-11-05 1995-05-12 Filotex Sa Câble blindé, à faible niveau de bruit et de température de service élevée.
EP0673044A3 (de) * 1992-08-19 1995-10-18 Totoku Electric
US5606152A (en) * 1992-10-28 1997-02-25 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Multilayer insulated wire and a manufacturing method therefor
EP0859383A2 (de) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-19 Denso Corporation Stiftförmige Zündspule mit verbesserter Struktur zur Vermeidung von Rissen oder dielektrischer Entladung
US5841072A (en) * 1995-08-31 1998-11-24 B.N. Custom Cables Canada Inc. Dual insulated data communication cable
US6441308B1 (en) 1996-06-07 2002-08-27 Cable Design Technologies, Inc. Cable with dual layer jacket
WO2002084674A2 (en) * 2001-04-17 2002-10-24 Judd Wire, Inc. A multi-layer insulation system for electrical conductors
US6653379B2 (en) 2001-07-12 2003-11-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluoropolymers resistant to stress cracking
EP1498910A2 (de) * 2003-07-12 2005-01-19 HEW-KABEL /CDT GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Beschichten und/oder partiellen Umspritzen von flexiblem langgestrecktem Gut
US6930583B2 (en) 1997-02-14 2005-08-16 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
US7462782B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2008-12-09 Belden Technologies, Inc. Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors
WO2010098846A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Tyco Electronics Corporation Multi-layer insulated conductor with crosslinked outer layer
WO2010098847A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Tyco Electronic Corporation Multi-layer insulated conductor with crosslinked outer layer

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03110720U (de) * 1989-12-06 1991-11-13
JPH03106626U (de) * 1990-05-12 1991-11-05
JPH03110721U (de) * 1990-05-12 1991-11-13
JPH04101314U (ja) * 1991-02-20 1992-09-01 東京特殊電線株式会社 高周波変圧器巻線用多層絶縁電線
TW200729243A (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-08-01 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Multi-layer electric insulated wire and transformer using the same
JP2009093978A (ja) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corp コイル導線、誘導加熱用コイルおよび誘導加熱調理器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2021304A (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-11-28 Haveg Industries Inc Insulation system for conductors
EP0056510A1 (de) * 1981-01-21 1982-07-28 Champlain Cable Corporation Isolationsanordnung für Drähte und Kabel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2021304A (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-11-28 Haveg Industries Inc Insulation system for conductors
EP0056510A1 (de) * 1981-01-21 1982-07-28 Champlain Cable Corporation Isolationsanordnung für Drähte und Kabel

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0380244A1 (de) * 1989-01-27 1990-08-01 AT&T Corp. Gebäudekabel, die nichthalogenierte Kunststoffe enthalten
US5024506A (en) * 1989-01-27 1991-06-18 At&T Bell Laboratories Plenum cables which include non-halogenated plastic materials
EP0380245A1 (de) * 1989-01-27 1990-08-01 AT&T Corp. Gefüllte Kabel, die nichthalogenierte Kunststoffe enthalten
EP0583521A1 (de) * 1992-08-12 1994-02-23 Totoku Electric Co., Ltd. Mehrlagig isolierter Draht für Hochfrequenztransformatorwindung
EP0673044A3 (de) * 1992-08-19 1995-10-18 Totoku Electric
EP0684617A3 (de) * 1992-08-19 1996-09-25 Totoku Electric Mehrlagig isolierter Draht für Hochfrequenz Transformatorwindung.
US5606152A (en) * 1992-10-28 1997-02-25 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Multilayer insulated wire and a manufacturing method therefor
FR2712115A1 (fr) * 1993-11-05 1995-05-12 Filotex Sa Câble blindé, à faible niveau de bruit et de température de service élevée.
US5841072A (en) * 1995-08-31 1998-11-24 B.N. Custom Cables Canada Inc. Dual insulated data communication cable
US6441308B1 (en) 1996-06-07 2002-08-27 Cable Design Technologies, Inc. Cable with dual layer jacket
US6525636B1 (en) 1997-02-14 2003-02-25 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
US7068135B1 (en) 1997-02-14 2006-06-27 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
EP0859383A3 (de) * 1997-02-14 1998-09-23 Denso Corporation Stiftförmige Zündspule mit verbesserter Struktur zur Vermeidung von Rissen oder dielektrischer Entladung
US7071804B2 (en) 1997-02-14 2006-07-04 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
EP0859383A2 (de) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-19 Denso Corporation Stiftförmige Zündspule mit verbesserter Struktur zur Vermeidung von Rissen oder dielektrischer Entladung
US6208231B1 (en) 1997-02-14 2001-03-27 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
US6995644B2 (en) 1997-02-14 2006-02-07 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
US6977574B1 (en) 1997-02-14 2005-12-20 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
US6930583B2 (en) 1997-02-14 2005-08-16 Denso Corporation Stick-type ignition coil having improved structure against crack or dielectric discharge
WO2002084674A3 (en) * 2001-04-17 2003-04-24 Judd Wire Inc A multi-layer insulation system for electrical conductors
WO2002084674A2 (en) * 2001-04-17 2002-10-24 Judd Wire, Inc. A multi-layer insulation system for electrical conductors
CN1314054C (zh) * 2001-04-17 2007-05-02 贾德电线公司 用于电导体的多层绝缘系统
US6984697B2 (en) 2001-07-12 2006-01-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluoropolymers resistant to stress cracking
US6653379B2 (en) 2001-07-12 2003-11-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluoropolymers resistant to stress cracking
US7462782B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2008-12-09 Belden Technologies, Inc. Electrical cable comprising geometrically optimized conductors
EP1498910A3 (de) * 2003-07-12 2005-02-09 HEW-KABEL /CDT GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Beschichten und/oder partiellen Umspritzen von flexiblem langgestrecktem Gut
EP1498910A2 (de) * 2003-07-12 2005-01-19 HEW-KABEL /CDT GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Beschichten und/oder partiellen Umspritzen von flexiblem langgestrecktem Gut
WO2010098846A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Tyco Electronics Corporation Multi-layer insulated conductor with crosslinked outer layer
WO2010098847A1 (en) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-02 Tyco Electronic Corporation Multi-layer insulated conductor with crosslinked outer layer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0258036A3 (en) 1988-06-08
EP0258036B1 (de) 1993-07-07
DE3786429T2 (de) 1993-10-21
DE3786429D1 (de) 1993-08-12
JPS6358709A (ja) 1988-03-14

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