EP0255985B1 - Electrostatic separator for filtrating air - Google Patents

Electrostatic separator for filtrating air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0255985B1
EP0255985B1 EP87710009A EP87710009A EP0255985B1 EP 0255985 B1 EP0255985 B1 EP 0255985B1 EP 87710009 A EP87710009 A EP 87710009A EP 87710009 A EP87710009 A EP 87710009A EP 0255985 B1 EP0255985 B1 EP 0255985B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
filter
electrode
activated carbon
flaps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87710009A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0255985A2 (en
EP0255985A3 (en
Inventor
Gottfried Müller
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Schako KG
Original Assignee
Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad KG
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Priority to AT87710009T priority Critical patent/ATE73016T1/en
Publication of EP0255985A2 publication Critical patent/EP0255985A2/en
Publication of EP0255985A3 publication Critical patent/EP0255985A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/155—Filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/32—Transportable units, e.g. for cleaning room air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for filtering a gaseous medium, in particular air in a room, optionally with at least one fan, an electrical separator arrangement having two electrodes concentrically surrounding one another.
  • exhaust air filters are known which are used, for example, in kitchens, in which food vapors are sucked off and filtered in a filter mat.
  • the filtered vapors can either be returned to the outside as exhaust air or returned to the room as recirculating air.
  • these filters in particular filter grease and soot particles from the air, they do not work satisfactorily, especially in recirculation mode, since the smells remain in the room.
  • processing the air is desirable, especially if the room air still has more than sufficient oxygen content, but is still contaminated with vapors, odors or floating particles. Since many buildings are located in locations that are polluted with immissions, be it from road traffic or the like, it is often desirable to largely treat fresh air that is supplied.
  • a device for filtering gaseous medium with a fan which has an electro-separator arrangement with concentrically surrounding grid-like electrodes, between which a filter made of tissue material is arranged, on the axis of the two aforementioned grid electrodes.
  • AT-B-372 300 also shows an electrostatic filter in which a central cross-shaped electrode is surrounded by an activated carbon filter which is arranged between two concentric cages made of perforated sheet metal.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create an inexpensive, compact and effective device for filtering air, which is easy to manufacture in terms of production technology and which is used both for indoor air and for fresh air filtering can be.
  • the stated object is solved by claim 1, the preamble of which corresponds to FR-A-2 390 209.
  • a generic device according to the invention is provided with a high-voltage electrode for the electrostatic filter which is simple, highly effective and effective in terms of production technology.
  • the electrode arrangement is such that the inner electrode has a closed cross-sectional contour.
  • the cross section of the electrodes can be square or polygonal and is preferably circular or ring-shaped.
  • a preferred embodiment provides that at least one filter arrangement is provided, in which a cylindrical electrostatic filter from a central tube electrode is concentrically surrounded by an activated carbon filter.
  • the features according to the invention create a compact, highly effective filter arrangement with which different immissions and loads of the ambient air, such as small and coarse floating particles, metallic particles, vapors, etc., can be filtered out of the air and this can be processed by ozonization.
  • the activated carbon filter has a cylindrical jacket-shaped vessel which consists of two concentrically surrounding grids, between which the activated carbon is located and whose inner grid is the counter electrode for the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the tabs preferably enclose an angle not equal to 90 degrees to the tangent to the lateral surface of the tubular electrode, the tabs also being able to include an angle of approximately 50 to 70 degrees to the tangent to the lateral surface.
  • a tubular electrode with a diameter of approximately 5 cm and thus with a circumference of approximately 15 cm are distributed approximately over the circumference, 26 tabs each with an axial height of approximately 4 cm and a radial extension of approximately 4 to 5 mm , wherein several rows of such tabs can be arranged one above the other in the axial direction.
  • the webs remaining in the lateral surface have a width of approximately 1 to 2 mm. In an optimal configuration it is therefore provided that the density of the high field straps over the circumference is in the order of 1.5 to 2 per centimeter.
  • the radius of the inner electrode is approximately 5 cm and the thickness of the carbon filter is approximately 2 to 2.5 cm.
  • a device according to the invention works in fresh air operation, that is to say is fed into a room via the fresh air
  • a preferred embodiment provides that a heat exchanger is provided in the supply air path of the air to be filtered, it also being possible for a line for the exhaust air from a room for fresh air is surrounded.
  • An extremely preferred embodiment is designed in such a way that a valve device is provided for setting the supply lines of room air and / or fresh air to the filter arrangements, this being achieved structurally in particular in that the valve device has a T-pipe with two supply air connections, in which valve flaps are arranged, while the third connection is connected to a space leading to the filter arrangement.
  • a device designed in this way can operate in recirculation mode if the room air is not yet very polluted, so that the valve flap for the fresh air supply is closed and the valve flap for the room air is fully open. Room air is then filtered so that no energy is required to heat incoming fresh air in any operating mode.
  • the device according to the invention can be provided with an oxygen / CO-2 sensor, so that when the CO-2 content is exceeded or a predetermined oxygen content is undershot, the device is switched to mixed or fresh air operation by control electronics by completely or partially closing the valve in the room air inlet and the valve in the fresh air inlet being fully or partially opened becomes. It has been shown that a device according to the invention can work with circulating air over 80 to 95% of the time, while a fresh air supply is required for the remaining time. In particular, the above design and method of operation make sense if there is an increased air pollution with dust particles or vapors only over a short period of time, as is the case, for example, during cooking times in apartments.
  • the filter device 1 is a compact device in a housing 2, which can optionally be arranged on rollers.
  • the device initially has in an upper cover 3 an inlet 4 for used room air, to which a fan 6 for extracting the room air and a pipe 7, which is still used for heat exchange in a manner to be explained, follows.
  • the Tube 7 can be suitably provided with inner and / or outer fins or the like for heat exchange.
  • a pipe 8 connects to the pipe 7 and leads to an outlet 9. Corresponding pipes or hoses can be attached to the inlet 4 and the outlet 9.
  • a pipe protruding high into the room can be attached to the inlet 4 so that the used air, which preferably collects in the upper area of a room, is sucked out, while a hose leading to the outside can be arranged at the outlet 9.
  • a further inlet 12 is provided on a side wall 11, which leads through a space 13 surrounding the tube 7 to a second fan 14.
  • the second fan 14 conveys air into the pre-filter chamber 19 via the inlet 12, which may heat up in the pipe 13, possibly in heat exchange with the air passed through the pipe 7.
  • a pipe or hose leading to the outside can be connected, so as to suck in fresh air.
  • room air can be sucked in directly through the inlet 12, or a tube can be connected, which also extends into the upper areas of the room whose room air is to be treated, in order to suck in fresh air from the upper layers.
  • no room air is usually sucked in through the inlet 4, the fan 6 of which is therefore shut down.
  • it is also fundamentally possible, for example in the case of different temperature stratifications in a room to convey air through the pipe 7 for heat exchange in order to achieve a more uniform temperature distribution.
  • Each filter arrangement 21 initially has a cylindrical-shell-shaped carbon filter 22, which consists of two grids 23, 24, which are arranged at a distance from one another and concentrically surrounding one another, in which activated carbon 26 is filled.
  • the filter arrangement 21 is provided on its underside with a cover plate 27.
  • Cover plates 28 are also provided on the upper side, but they have a central opening 29. With this configuration, it is first achieved that the air located in the pre-filter space 16 has to flow through the activated carbon filter 22.
  • the main electrode is concentric within the activated carbon filter 22 33 of an electrodilter formed by this and the inner grid 24 as a counter electrode.
  • the electrode 31 consists of a cylindrical tubular electrode 33 which projects with its upper end 34 through the opening 29 in the upper cover 28 of the filter space 16.
  • the tube electrode 33 is designed such that along the longitudinal direction of its jacket three rows of cut from the jacket surface of the tube electrode 33 on three sides or punched and 36 from the jacket surface bent tabs 37 is provided.
  • the tabs 37 have their main direction of extension parallel to the axis and are oriented at an angle of approximately 60 degrees to the tangent to the cylinder jacket 36 on the grid.
  • effective areas of high field strength are easily achieved after connecting the high voltage to the tubular electrode 33.
  • the outlets of the tubular electrodes 33 are covered in their upper region 34 by fabric filter mats 41.
  • the device according to the invention offers effective and effective filtering of a wide variety of immissions, such as small and large particles, in particular also metallic particles, different smells and exhalations, and also ensures an improvement in the air by portioning.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 The design of FIGS. 4 and 5 is fundamentally similar to that of FIGS. 1 and 2. Only no heat exchange is provided here. Instead, a T-pipe 51 is attached to the inlet 12 'for the fan 14, the two branches 52 and 53 are provided with valve flaps 54, 56, so that fresh air or room air can be supplied through the two branches 52, 53.
  • the fed to the device Air between the pure supply of fresh air via a mixture of fresh air and room air to the pure supply of room air can be regulated by the valves 54, 56, the device operating as a recirculation device in the latter.
  • there is a post-filter space 56 above the filter mat 41 which is closed except for a pipe connection piece 57, so that with the design of FIGS. 4 and 5 of the device, the filtered air via hoses or pipes to a desired location away from the device 1 itself passed and entered into the room there.

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  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for filtering air in a room, comprising at least one fan, which is designed in such a manner that at least one filter arrangement (21) is provided in which a cylindrical electrostatic filter of a central tubular electrode (33) is concentrically surrounded by an active carbon filter (32). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Filtern eines gasförmigen Mediums, insbesondere von Luft in einem Raum, gegebenenfalls mit mindestens einem Ventilator, wobei eine Elektroabscheideranordnung zwei sich konzentrisch umgebende Elektroden aufweist.The invention relates to a device for filtering a gaseous medium, in particular air in a room, optionally with at least one fan, an electrical separator arrangement having two electrodes concentrically surrounding one another.

Es sind aufwendige Klima- und Filteranlagen zur Klimatisierung und Reinigung der Luft sämtlicher Räume eines Gebäudes, wie eine Werkhalle oder ein Verwaltungsgebäude bekannt. Weiterhin sind Abluftfilter bekannt, die beispielsweise in Küchen eingesetzt werden, bei denen Essendämpfe abgesaugt und in einer Filtermatte gefiltert werden. Die gefilterten Dämpfe können entweder als Abluft ins Freie oder als Umluft wieder in den Raum zurückgeführt werden. Diese Filter filtern zwar insbesondere Fettstoffe und Rußteilchen aus der Luft, arbeiten aber insbesondere bei Umluftbetrieb nicht zufriedenstellend, da die Gerüche im Raum verbleiben. Auch in anderen Fällen, beispielsweise in Räumen, bei denen Rechner, Lochkartenstanzer oder dergleichen im Einsatz sind, ist eine Aufbereitung der Luft wünschenswert, insbesondere wenn die Raumluft noch mehr als ausreichenden Sauerstoffgehalt aufweist, aber dennoch mit Dünsten, Gerüchen oder auch Schwebeteilchen belastet ist. Da viele Gebäude an Orten stehen, die mit Immissionen belastet sind, sei es durch Straßenverkehr oder dergleichen, ist es oft auch wünschenswert zugeführte Frischluft weitgehend aufzubereiten.They are complex air conditioning and filter systems for air conditioning and cleaning the air of all rooms of a building, known as a workshop or an administrative building. Furthermore, exhaust air filters are known which are used, for example, in kitchens, in which food vapors are sucked off and filtered in a filter mat. The filtered vapors can either be returned to the outside as exhaust air or returned to the room as recirculating air. Although these filters in particular filter grease and soot particles from the air, they do not work satisfactorily, especially in recirculation mode, since the smells remain in the room. In other cases, too, for example in rooms where computers, punch card punches or the like are in use, processing the air is desirable, especially if the room air still has more than sufficient oxygen content, but is still contaminated with vapors, odors or floating particles. Since many buildings are located in locations that are polluted with immissions, be it from road traffic or the like, it is often desirable to largely treat fresh air that is supplied.

Aus der DE-B-25 39 311 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Filtern gasförmigen Mediums mit einem Ventilator bekannt, die eine Elektroabscheideranordnung bei sich konzentrisch umgebenden gitterartigen Elektroden aufweist, zwischen denen ein Filter aus Gewebematerial angeordnet ist, auf der Achse der beiden vorgenannten Gitterelektroden vorgesehen. Die AT-B-372 300 zeigt ebenfalls einen Elektrofilter bei der eine zentrale im Schnitt kreuzförmige Elektrode durch ein Aktivkohlefilter umgeben ist, welches zwischen zwei konzentrischen Käfigen aus Perforierten Blech angeordnet ist.From DE-B-25 39 311 a device for filtering gaseous medium with a fan is known, which has an electro-separator arrangement with concentrically surrounding grid-like electrodes, between which a filter made of tissue material is arranged, on the axis of the two aforementioned grid electrodes. AT-B-372 300 also shows an electrostatic filter in which a central cross-shaped electrode is surrounded by an activated carbon filter which is arranged between two concentric cages made of perforated sheet metal.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine preiswerte, kompakte und fertigungstechnisch einfach herzustellende, effektive Vorrichtung zum Filtern von Luft zu schaffen, die sowohl zur Raumluft als auch zur Frischluftfilterung eingesetzt werden kann.The object of the invention is therefore to create an inexpensive, compact and effective device for filtering air, which is easy to manufacture in terms of production technology and which is used both for indoor air and for fresh air filtering can be.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die genannte Aufgabe durch Anspruch, 1 geläst, dessen oberbegriff der FR-A- 2 390 209 entspricht. Hierdurch wird eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung erfindungsgemäß mit einer in fertigungstechnisch einfachen, hochwirksamen und effektiven Hochspannungselektrode für die den Elektrofilter versehen. Die Elektrodenanordnung ist derart, daß die innere Elektrode eine geschlossene Querschnittskontur aufweist. Der Querschnitt der Elektroden kann quadratisch oder mehreckig sein und ist vorzugsweise kreis- bzw. ringförmig.According to the invention the stated object is solved by claim 1, the preamble of which corresponds to FR-A-2 390 209. As a result, a generic device according to the invention is provided with a high-voltage electrode for the electrostatic filter which is simple, highly effective and effective in terms of production technology. The electrode arrangement is such that the inner electrode has a closed cross-sectional contour. The cross section of the electrodes can be square or polygonal and is preferably circular or ring-shaped.

Eine bevorzugte Ausbildung sieht vor, daß mindestens eine Filteranordnung vorgesehen ist, bei der ein zylindrischer Elektrofilter aus einer zentralen Rohrelektrode konzentrisch von einem Aktivkohlefilter umgeben ist. Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale wird eine kompakte höchst wirksame Filteranordnung geschaffen, mit der unterschiedliche Immissionen und ßelastungen der Raumluft, wie kleine und grobe Schwebeteilchen, metallische Teilchen, Dünste etc. aus der Luft heraus gefiltert und diese durch Ozonisierung aufbereitet werden kann.A preferred embodiment provides that at least one filter arrangement is provided, in which a cylindrical electrostatic filter from a central tube electrode is concentrically surrounded by an activated carbon filter. The features according to the invention create a compact, highly effective filter arrangement with which different immissions and loads of the ambient air, such as small and coarse floating particles, metallic particles, vapors, etc., can be filtered out of the air and this can be processed by ozonization.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß das Aktivkohlefilter ein zylindermantelförmiges Gefäß aufweist, das aus zwei sich konzentrisch umgebenden Gitternetzen besteht, zwischen denen sich die Aktivkohle befindet.und deren inneres Gitternetz die Gegenelektrode für das Elektrofilter ist.In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the activated carbon filter has a cylindrical jacket-shaped vessel which consists of two concentrically surrounding grids, between which the activated carbon is located and whose inner grid is the counter electrode for the electrostatic precipitator.

Die Laschen schließen in bevorzugter Weise einen Winkel ungleich 90 Grad zur Tangente an die Mantelfläche der Rohrelektrode ein, wobei weiterhin die Laschen insbesondere einen Winkel von ca. 50 bis 70 Grad zur Tangente an die Mantelfläche einschließen können.The tabs preferably enclose an angle not equal to 90 degrees to the tangent to the lateral surface of the tubular electrode, the tabs also being able to include an angle of approximately 50 to 70 degrees to the tangent to the lateral surface.

Eine Rohrelektrode mit einem Durchmesser von etwa 5 cm und damit mit einem Umfang von etwa 15 cm, befinden sich etwa über den Umfang verteilt, 26 Laschen mit jeweils einer axialen Höhe von ca. 4 cm und einer radialen Erstreckung von ca. 4 bis 5 mm, wobei mehrere Reihen derartiger Laschen in axialer Richtung übereinander angeordnet sein können. Die in der Mantelfläche verbleibenden Stege weisen eine breite von ca. 1 bis 2 mm auf. Bei einer optimalen Ausgestaltung ist also vorgesehen, daß die Dichte der Hoch-Feldlaschen über den Umfang in der Größenordnung von 1,5 bis 2 pro Umfangszentimeter liegt. Der Radius der Innenelektrode beträgt etwa 5 cm und die Stärke des Kohlenfilters etwa 2 bis 2,5 cm.A tubular electrode with a diameter of approximately 5 cm and thus with a circumference of approximately 15 cm are distributed approximately over the circumference, 26 tabs each with an axial height of approximately 4 cm and a radial extension of approximately 4 to 5 mm , wherein several rows of such tabs can be arranged one above the other in the axial direction. The webs remaining in the lateral surface have a width of approximately 1 to 2 mm. In an optimal configuration it is therefore provided that the density of the high field straps over the circumference is in the order of 1.5 to 2 per centimeter. The radius of the inner electrode is approximately 5 cm and the thickness of the carbon filter is approximately 2 to 2.5 cm.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Anordnung können mehrer in sehr kompakter Weise nebeneinander in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet werden, wobei sich bei herkömmlichen Raumgrößen eine Anzahl von drei als ausreichend bei der vorgenannten Abmessung herausgestellt hat.Due to the configuration of the arrangement according to the invention, several can be arranged in a very compact manner next to one another in a common housing, a number of three having been found to be sufficient for the aforementioned dimensions in conventional room sizes.

Wenn eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im Frischluftbetrieb arbeitet, also über die Frischluft in einen Raum zugeführt wird, so sieht eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung vor, daß ein Wärmetauscher im Zuluftweg der zu Filternden Luft vorgesehen ist, wobei weiterhin vorgesehen sein kann, daß eine Leitung Für die Abluft von einem Raum Für Frischluft umgeben ist.If a device according to the invention works in fresh air operation, that is to say is fed into a room via the fresh air, a preferred embodiment provides that a heat exchanger is provided in the supply air path of the air to be filtered, it also being possible for a line for the exhaust air from a room for fresh air is surrounded.

Eine äußerst bevorzugte Ausgestaltung ist derart ausgebildet, daß eine Ventileinrichtung zum Einstellen der Zuleitungen von Raumluft und/oder Frischluft zu den Filteranordnungen vorgesehen ist, wobei dies konstruktiv insbesondere dadurch erreicht wird, daß die Ventileinrichtung ein T-Rohr mit zwei Zuluftanschlüssen aufweist, in denen Ventilklappen angeordnet sind, während der dritte Anschluß mit einem zu der Filteranordnung führenden Raum verbunden ist. Ein derart ausgestaltetes Gerät kann, wenn die Raumluft noch nicht sehr belastet ist, im Umluftbetrieb arbeiten, so daß also die Ventilklappe für die Frischluftzufuhr geschlossen und die Ventilklappe für die Raumluft vollständig geöffnet ist. Es wird dann Raumluft gefiltert, so daß in jeder Betriebweise keine Energie erforderlich ist, um ankommende Feischluft aufzuheizen. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann mit einem Sauerstoff/CO-2-Fühler versehen sein, so daß bei Überschreiten des CO-2-Gehaltes bzw. Unterschreiten eines vorgegebenen Sauerstoffgehalts, das Gerät über eine Steuerelektronik auf Misch- oder Frischluftbetrieb umgeschaltet wird, indem über Stelleinrichtungen das Ventil im Raumlufteinlaß vollständig oder teilweise geschlossen und das Ventil im Frischlufteinlaß vollständig oder teilweise geöffnet wird. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß über 80 bis 95 % der Zeit eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit Umluft arbeiten kann, während für die Restzeit eine Frischluftzufuhr erforderlich ist. Insbesondere ist vorstehende Ausgestaltung und Arbeitsweise sinnvoll, wenn eine erhöhte Belastung der Luft mit Staubteilchen oder Dünsten nur über eine geringe Zeitdauer anfällt, wie dies beispielsweise während der Kochzeiten in Wohnungen der Fall ist.An extremely preferred embodiment is designed in such a way that a valve device is provided for setting the supply lines of room air and / or fresh air to the filter arrangements, this being achieved structurally in particular in that the valve device has a T-pipe with two supply air connections, in which valve flaps are arranged, while the third connection is connected to a space leading to the filter arrangement. A device designed in this way can operate in recirculation mode if the room air is not yet very polluted, so that the valve flap for the fresh air supply is closed and the valve flap for the room air is fully open. Room air is then filtered so that no energy is required to heat incoming fresh air in any operating mode. The device according to the invention can be provided with an oxygen / CO-2 sensor, so that when the CO-2 content is exceeded or a predetermined oxygen content is undershot, the device is switched to mixed or fresh air operation by control electronics by completely or partially closing the valve in the room air inlet and the valve in the fresh air inlet being fully or partially opened becomes. It has been shown that a device according to the invention can work with circulating air over 80 to 95% of the time, while a fresh air supply is required for the remaining time. In particular, the above design and method of operation make sense if there is an increased air pollution with dust particles or vapors only over a short period of time, as is the case, for example, during cooking times in apartments.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergebeb sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung im einzelnen erläutert sind. Dabei zeigt:

  • Fiq. 1 eine erste erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Luftfilterung im vertikalen Längsschnitt;
  • Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf die Vorrichtung der Figur 1 in Richtung des Pfeiles II;
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch eine Filteranordnung III-III der Figur 1;
  • Fig. 4 eine andere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einem Schnitt entsprechend dem der Figur 1; und
  • Fig. 5 eine Aufsicht auf die Vorrichtung der Figur 4.
Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the following description in which exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention are explained in detail with reference to the drawing. It shows:
  • Fiq. 1 shows a first device according to the invention for air filtering in a vertical longitudinal section;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the device of Figure 1 in the direction of arrow II.
  • 3 shows a section through a filter arrangement III-III of FIG. 1;
  • 4 shows another embodiment of the device according to the invention in a section corresponding to that of FIG. 1; and
  • 5 is a top view of the device of FIG. 4.

Die erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung 1 ist ein Kompaktgerät in einem Gehäuse 2, daß gegebenenfalls auf Rollen angeordnet sein kann. Das Gerät weist zunächst in einer oberen Abdeckung 3 einen Einlaß 4 für verbrauchte Raumluft auf, an dem sich ein Ventilator 6 zum Absaugen der Raumluft und ein Rohr 7, das noch in zu erläuternder Weise zum Wärmetausch dient, anschließt. Das Rohr 7 kann dabei zum Wärmetausch in geeigneter Weise mit Innenund/oder Außenrippen oder dergleichen versehen sein. An das Rohr 7 schließt sich ein Krümmer 8 an, der zu einem Auslaß 9 führt. An den Einlaß 4 und den Auslaß 9 können entsprechende Rohrleitungen oder Schläuche angebracht werden. So kann am Einlaß 4 ein hoch in den Raum ragendes Rohr angebracht werden, daß sich die vorzugsweise im oberen Bereich eines Raums sammelnde verbrauchte Luft absaugt, während an den Auslaß 9 ein ins Freie führender Schlauch angeordnet werden kann.The filter device 1 according to the invention is a compact device in a housing 2, which can optionally be arranged on rollers. The device initially has in an upper cover 3 an inlet 4 for used room air, to which a fan 6 for extracting the room air and a pipe 7, which is still used for heat exchange in a manner to be explained, follows. The Tube 7 can be suitably provided with inner and / or outer fins or the like for heat exchange. A pipe 8 connects to the pipe 7 and leads to an outlet 9. Corresponding pipes or hoses can be attached to the inlet 4 and the outlet 9. Thus, a pipe protruding high into the room can be attached to the inlet 4 so that the used air, which preferably collects in the upper area of a room, is sucked out, while a hose leading to the outside can be arranged at the outlet 9.

Weiterhin ist an einer Seitenwandung 11 ein weiterer Einlaß 12 vorgesehen, der durch einen in das Rohr 7 umgebenden Raum 13 zu einem zweiten Ventilator 14 führt. Durch den zweiten Ventilator 14 wird über den Einlaß 12 Luft, die sich im Rohr 13 gegebenenfalls im Wärmetausch mit der durch das Rohr 7 geführten Luft erwärmen kann,in einen Vor-Filterraum 19 gefördert. Am Einlaß 12 kann ein Rohr oder ein Schlauch, der ins Freie führt, angeschlossen werden, um so Frischluft anzusaugen. Alternativ kann durch den Einlaß 12 auch direkt Raumluft angesaugt werden, oder aber es kann ein Rohr, daß ebenfalls in obere ßereiche des Raumes, dessen Raumluft behandelt werden soll, reicht, angeschlossen werden, um so Frischluft aus oberen Schichten anzusaugen. In diesem Falle wird in der Regel durch den Einlaß 4 keine Raumluft angesaugt, deren Ventilator 6 also stillgelegt. Es ist aber auch grundsätzlich in diesem Falle möglich, beispielsweise bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturschichtungen in einem Raum Luft durch das Rohr 7 zum Wärmetausch zu fördern, um so eine gleichmäßigere Temperaturverteilung zu erzielen.Furthermore, a further inlet 12 is provided on a side wall 11, which leads through a space 13 surrounding the tube 7 to a second fan 14. The second fan 14 conveys air into the pre-filter chamber 19 via the inlet 12, which may heat up in the pipe 13, possibly in heat exchange with the air passed through the pipe 7. At the inlet 12, a pipe or hose leading to the outside can be connected, so as to suck in fresh air. Alternatively, room air can be sucked in directly through the inlet 12, or a tube can be connected, which also extends into the upper areas of the room whose room air is to be treated, in order to suck in fresh air from the upper layers. In this case, no room air is usually sucked in through the inlet 4, the fan 6 of which is therefore shut down. In this case, however, it is also fundamentally possible, for example in the case of different temperature stratifications in a room, to convey air through the pipe 7 for heat exchange in order to achieve a more uniform temperature distribution.

In den Vor-Filterraum 16 ragen drei Filteranordnungen 21, die in der folgenden Weise ausgestaltet sind: Jede Filteranordnung 21 weist zunächst einen zylindermantelförmigen Kohlefilter 22 auf, der aus zwei mit Abstand zueinander angeordneten, einander konzentrisch umgebenden Gitternetzen 23, 24 besteht, in denen Aktivkohle 26 eingefüllt ist. Die Filteranordnung 21 ist an ihrer Unterseite mit einer Abdeckplatte 27 versehen. Ebenfalls sind an der Überseite Abdeckplatten 28 vorgesehen, die allerdings eine mittige Öffnung 29 aufweisen. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird zunächst erreicht, daß die im Vorfilterraum 16 befindliche Luft durch die Aktivkohlefilter 22 strömen muß. Konzentrisch innerhalb der Aktivkohlefilter 22 ist die Hauptelektrode 33 eines durch diese und das innere Gitternetz 24 als Gegenelektrode gebildeten Elektrodilters angeordnet. Die Elektrode 31 besteht aus einer zylindrischen Rohrelektrode 33, die mit ihrem oberen Ende 34 durch den Durchbruch 29 der oberen Abdeckung 28 des Filterraums 16 ragt. Die Rohrelektrode 33 ist derart ausgebildet, daß entlang der Längsrichtung ihres Mantels drei Reihen von aus der Mantelfläche der Rohrelektrode 33 nach drei Seiten ausgeschnitten oder ausgestanzten und aus der Mantel fläche 36 herausgebogenen Laschen 37 versehen ist. Die Laschen 37 weisen ihre Haupterstreckungsrichtung achsparallel auf und sind unter einen Winkel von etwa 60 Grad zur Tangente an den Zylindermantel 36 auf das Gitternetz hingerichtet. Hierdurch werden in einfache Weise effektive Bereiche hoher Feldstärke nach Anschluß der Hochspannung an die Rohrelektrode 33 erzielt. Die Auslässe der Rohrelektroden 33 sind in ihrem oberen Bereich 34 durch Gewebefiltermatten 41 abgedeckt. Schließlich befindet sich über der Gewebefiltermatte auf der Oberseite 3 des Kompaktgeräts ein Abdeckgitter 42, durch welches die im Gerät gefilterte Luft in den Raum austritt.Three filter arrangements 21 protrude into the pre-filter space 16, which are configured in the following way: Each filter arrangement 21 initially has a cylindrical-shell-shaped carbon filter 22, which consists of two grids 23, 24, which are arranged at a distance from one another and concentrically surrounding one another, in which activated carbon 26 is filled. The filter arrangement 21 is provided on its underside with a cover plate 27. Cover plates 28 are also provided on the upper side, but they have a central opening 29. With this configuration, it is first achieved that the air located in the pre-filter space 16 has to flow through the activated carbon filter 22. The main electrode is concentric within the activated carbon filter 22 33 of an electrodilter formed by this and the inner grid 24 as a counter electrode. The electrode 31 consists of a cylindrical tubular electrode 33 which projects with its upper end 34 through the opening 29 in the upper cover 28 of the filter space 16. The tube electrode 33 is designed such that along the longitudinal direction of its jacket three rows of cut from the jacket surface of the tube electrode 33 on three sides or punched and 36 from the jacket surface bent tabs 37 is provided. The tabs 37 have their main direction of extension parallel to the axis and are oriented at an angle of approximately 60 degrees to the tangent to the cylinder jacket 36 on the grid. As a result, effective areas of high field strength are easily achieved after connecting the high voltage to the tubular electrode 33. The outlets of the tubular electrodes 33 are covered in their upper region 34 by fabric filter mats 41. Finally, there is a cover grille 42 above the fabric filter mat on the top 3 of the compact device, through which the air filtered in the device exits into the room.

Die dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung bietet durch ihren Kombinationsaufbau bei kompakter Ausgestaltung eine effektive und wirksame Filterung unterschiedlichster Immissionen, wie kleiner und großer Partikel, insbesondere auch metallischer Partikel, verschiedener Gerüche und Ausdünstungen und gewährleistet im übrigen eine Verbesserung der Luft durch Portionierung.Due to its combination structure with a compact design, the device according to the invention offers effective and effective filtering of a wide variety of immissions, such as small and large particles, in particular also metallic particles, different smells and exhalations, and also ensures an improvement in the air by portioning.

Die Ausgestaltung der Figur 4 und 5 ist grundsätzlich ähnlich aufgebaut wie die der Figuren 1 und 2.Es ist hier lediglich kein Wärmetausch vorgesehen. Statt dessen ist am Einlaß 12′ für den Ventilator 14 ein T-Rohr 51 angebracht, dessen beide Abzweigungen 52 und 53 mit Ventildrehklappen 54, 56 versehen sind, so daß durch die beiden Abzweigungen 52, 53 Frischluft bzw. Raumluft zugeführt werden kann. Die dem Gerät zugeführte Luft zwischen reiner Zufuhr von Frischluft über eine Mischung von Frischluft und Raumluft bis zu reiner Zuführung von Raumluft durch die Ventile 54, 56 geregelt werden kann, wobei im letzteren das Gerät als Umluftgerät arbeitet. Zusätzlich befindet sich oberhalb der Filtermatte 41 ein Nachfilterraum 56, der bis auf einen Rohranschlußstutzen 57 geschlossen ist, so daß mit der Ausgestaltung der Figuren 4 und 5 des Geräts die gefilterte Luft über Schläuche oder Rohre zu einer gewünschten, vom Gerät 1 selbst entfernt liegende Stelle geleitet und dort in den Raum eingegeben kann.The design of FIGS. 4 and 5 is fundamentally similar to that of FIGS. 1 and 2. Only no heat exchange is provided here. Instead, a T-pipe 51 is attached to the inlet 12 'for the fan 14, the two branches 52 and 53 are provided with valve flaps 54, 56, so that fresh air or room air can be supplied through the two branches 52, 53. The fed to the device Air between the pure supply of fresh air via a mixture of fresh air and room air to the pure supply of room air can be regulated by the valves 54, 56, the device operating as a recirculation device in the latter. In addition, there is a post-filter space 56 above the filter mat 41, which is closed except for a pipe connection piece 57, so that with the design of FIGS. 4 and 5 of the device, the filtered air via hoses or pipes to a desired location away from the device 1 itself passed and entered into the room there.

Claims (15)

1. Apparatus for cleaning contaminated gases, particularly ambient air, in which an inner electrode is surrounded by a tubular activated carbon filter, characterized in that the inner electrode is a tubular electrode (33) arranged concentrically within the activated carbon filter (22), whose jacket (36) has openings through which the medium passes out radially and that the openings are formed by flaps (37) cut and bent out of the circumferential surface (36) of the tubular electrode (33) and having an axial parallel main extension direction.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that both electrodes (33, 24) have openings and there is a substantially radially outwardly to inwardly directed gas flow through the apparatus.
3. Apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the jacket of the inner electrode (33) has a plurality of uniformly distributed openings.
4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the activated carbon filter (22) has a cylindrical jacket-like vessel, which comprises two concentrically enveloping grids (23) between which is provided the activated carbon (26) and whose inner grid (24) forms the outer electrode.
5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas is guided axially in the tubular electrode (33).
6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flaps (37) form an angle not equal to 90 ° to the tangent on the circumferential surface (36).
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the flaps (37) form an angle of approximately 50 to 70° to the tangent on the circumferential surface (36).
8. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet (34) of the inner area of the tubular electrode (33) is covered by a dust filter (41).
9. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are several and preferably three filter arrangements (21).
10. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a heat exchanger (7, 13) in the supply air path of the gas to be cleaned.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that a spent air line (7) is surrounded by a fresh air zone (13) .
12. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a valve means (51, 52, 53, 54, 56) is provided for adjusting the feed lines for ambient air and/or fresh air to the filter arrangements (21).
13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the valve means has a T-tube (51) with two supply air connections (52, 53), in which are provided valve flaps (54, 56), whilst the third connection is connected to a zone (16) leading to the filter arrangement (21).
14. Apparatus according to claims 12 or 13, characterized in that an oxygen/CO₂ sensor is provided for controlling the valve means (51, 52, 53, 54, 56).
15. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus is constructed as a preferably portable compact apparatus in a surrounding casing (2).
EP87710009A 1986-07-05 1987-07-06 Electrostatic separator for filtrating air Expired - Lifetime EP0255985B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87710009T ATE73016T1 (en) 1986-07-05 1987-07-06 ELECTRIC SEPARATOR FOR AIR FILTERING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863622673 DE3622673A1 (en) 1986-07-05 1986-07-05 DEVICE FOR FILTERING AIR
DE3622673 1986-07-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0255985A2 EP0255985A2 (en) 1988-02-17
EP0255985A3 EP0255985A3 (en) 1989-10-04
EP0255985B1 true EP0255985B1 (en) 1992-03-04

Family

ID=6304505

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87710009A Expired - Lifetime EP0255985B1 (en) 1986-07-05 1987-07-06 Electrostatic separator for filtrating air

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0255985B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE73016T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3622673A1 (en)
DK (1) DK345487D0 (en)
ES (1) ES2030442T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4218900A1 (en) * 1992-06-09 1993-12-16 Fritz Egger Gmbh Electro separator arrangement
DE19837727A1 (en) 1998-08-20 2000-02-24 Baltic Metalltechnik Gmbh Industrial electrostatic air filter in which the air stream is split up into parallel paths so that a high throughput is possible
US7341616B2 (en) * 2005-02-04 2008-03-11 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for the removal of particulate matter in a filtration system

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA821315A (en) * 1969-08-26 I. Inculet Ion Two-stage electrostatic precipitator
DE344705C (en) * 1914-05-23 1921-11-28 Metallbank Method and device for the electrical charging and deposition of suspended particles from gases or liquids
US2064960A (en) * 1932-03-05 1936-12-22 Estelle T Thorne Method of and apparatus for cleaning gases
GB538294A (en) * 1940-04-10 1941-07-28 Lodge Cottrell Ltd Apparatus for the electrical precipitation of suspended particles from gaseous fluids
FR877722A (en) * 1940-12-23 1942-12-15 Siemens Lurgi Cottrell Elektro Electric dust collector for motor vehicles
US2505907A (en) * 1946-10-31 1950-05-02 Research Corp Discharge electrode
FR1029116A (en) * 1950-12-05 1953-05-29 Electrostatic filter
DE1239277B (en) * 1962-04-21 1967-04-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for the separation of mists and solids from gases by means of wet pipe dust collectors
DE1557148A1 (en) * 1966-10-28 1970-05-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag Plate-shaped spray electrode for electrostatic dust collectors
DE2539311A1 (en) * 1975-09-04 1977-03-10 American Precision Ind Electrostatic precipitator - with electrically charged mechanical filter surrounding precipitator assembly
CH629684A5 (en) * 1977-05-12 1982-05-14 Manfred R Burger METHOD AND ELECTROSTATIC FILTER DEVICE FOR PURIFYING GASES.
DE3415984A1 (en) * 1984-04-28 1985-11-07 Hugo Petersen Gesellschaft für verfahrenstechnischen Anlagenbau mbH & Co KG, 6200 Wiesbaden ELECTRIC FILTER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE73016T1 (en) 1992-03-15
EP0255985A2 (en) 1988-02-17
ES2030442T3 (en) 1992-11-01
DE3777007D1 (en) 1992-04-09
DE3622673C2 (en) 1990-01-04
EP0255985A3 (en) 1989-10-04
DE3622673A1 (en) 1988-01-14
DK345487D0 (en) 1987-07-06

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