EP0255879B1 - Vehicle door hinge with a door check - Google Patents

Vehicle door hinge with a door check Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0255879B1
EP0255879B1 EP87109979A EP87109979A EP0255879B1 EP 0255879 B1 EP0255879 B1 EP 0255879B1 EP 87109979 A EP87109979 A EP 87109979A EP 87109979 A EP87109979 A EP 87109979A EP 0255879 B1 EP0255879 B1 EP 0255879B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
hinge
lug
profile
hinge according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87109979A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0255879A2 (en
EP0255879A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Dr.-Ing. Kassner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LUNKE & SOHN AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
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Lunke & Sohn AG
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/10—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/1028—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open
    • E05D11/105—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open the maintaining means acting perpendicularly to the pivot axis
    • E05D11/1057—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open the maintaining means acting perpendicularly to the pivot axis specially adapted for vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/10—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/1028—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open
    • E05D2011/1035—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open with circumferential and evenly distributed detents around the pivot-axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/531—Doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a door hinge for a vehicle door, with a post part, a door part, a hinge pin pivotally connecting both parts, and with a door retainer for temporarily locking the door in at least one opening position, in which a profile and the other on the hinge part for locking the door Hinge part a locking element are attached, which move relative to each other with the hinge movement with elastic contact, and the hinge pin is anchored in at least one eye of one hinge part rotatably or pluggable and rotatably anchored and pivotally mounted in the eye of the other hinge part in at least one multi-layer bearing bush is.
  • Such a door hinge is e.g. known from DE-A1-3401252. It has been shown that the precision leaves something to be desired and the locking forces are not high enough.
  • a torsion spring bent like a clasp is used as the detent element, which, with the aid of small rolling elements, plunges into corresponding depressions along the profiling in the detent positions.
  • the torsion spring takes up a relatively large amount of space, since a relatively long clip must be used to bring about a suitable spring force.
  • the required construction volume reaches such an extent that the torsion spring has to be accommodated inside the door body, since the limited space outside the door body as a rule is not sufficient up to the door jamb. Sealing the door interior is correspondingly difficult since a relatively large, irregular opening must be sealed against the ingress of water and moisture.
  • the invention proposes that the hinge pin is provided with at least one elongated locking element parallel to its longitudinal axis, and that the eye bearing the bearing bush is provided with the profiling on the inner surface facing the hinge pin.
  • the entire door lock is housed within one eye, in which the relative movement when pivoting the hinge, that is, when opening and closing the associated one Vehicle door takes place.
  • the hinge according to the invention can hardly be distinguished from a conventional, simple hinge without a door lock, at most the somewhat stronger hinge pin and the larger diameter of one eye of the one hinge part catches the eye.
  • the door arrester Due to the accommodation of the door arrester in a confined space, it can be accommodated in the space between the door and the jamb in almost all common vehicles, so that the previous type of hinge attachment can be retained and the hinge required until then can be omitted.
  • the elastic engagement of the latching elements on the profiling is brought about by an elastic deformation of the corresponding eye.
  • the eye is relatively thin-walled, so that it can not only expand elastically in the form of a ring, but can also stretch between the individual locking elements in the areas of the highest stress, so that in addition to the expansion, an elastic deformation due to a temporary polygon shape is achievable.
  • the resulting elastic deformation can be easily controlled.
  • the door hinge according to the invention depends on a particularly firm fit of the hinge pin in the one hinge part in which the hinge pin is anchored anyway.
  • the hinge pin is stepped, so that in the case of a hinge in which one hinge part encompasses the other on both sides, anchors can be provided in the two outer hinge eyes.
  • a polygonal profile for example a square or a hexagon, can then be attached in particular to the thin section of the stepped hinge pin, which in any case brings about the desired solid, non-rotatable anchoring.
  • Such a polygonal profile anchoring is also recommended in the case of an embodiment of a pluggable hinge, in which, after the adjustment, the hinge can be dismantled and re-attached as often as desired without losing the basic adjustment.
  • Corresponding projections made of the base material can be formed on the bolts as locking elements; in deviation from this, steel needles can be partially embedded in the base material of the hinge pin, which are available as purchased parts from the area of the needle bearing industry. Finally, elastic or elastically supported strips can be accommodated in corresponding longitudinal grooves of the bolt, which then interact with a rigid eye that does not require a resilient widening, since the elasticity is obtained from the strips or from the support of the strips.
  • the profiling is stamped into a profile sheet, and that an elastomer layer is arranged between the profile sheet and the inner surface of the eye, in particular is injected. In this way, all metal parts are not subject to deformation, apart from the slight bending deformation of the profile sheets. The required elasticity is provided by the elastomer layer, which can be adjusted in almost any hardness and wear resistance.
  • the profile sheet In the area of the end stop, it is expedient to support the profile sheet directly on the inner surface of the associated eye, which can be brought about by separate feet or by a correspondingly bent edge area of the profile sheet. In this way, the effect of the elastomer layer is canceled at this point, that is, a particular hardening to form the end stop is achieved.
  • the hinge shown is of a type in which the post part 1 is provided with outer eyes 4 and 5 which engage laterally around a middle eye 7 on the door part 2. Through the eyes 4, 5 and 7, a through hole 6 is present in the aligned position, but is stepped; the opening in the upper eye 4 is larger than that in the lower eye 5.
  • the actual pivotable mounting between the two hinge parts 1 and 2 takes place between the middle eye 7 on the one hand and the hinge pin 3 on the other hand with the aid of two bearing sleeves 10 which are provided with a corresponding collar for the axial fixing.
  • the hinge pin 3 has corrugations 11 at its outer ends, of which only those at the upper end are shown in FIG. 1. Since the hinge pin 3 is designed as a stepped pin, the rotationally fixed anchoring in the upper eye 4 as well as in the lower eye 5 is particularly simple. Deviating from corrugation at the lower end, a polygonal profile can also be present at this point, for example a square or a hexagon, which plunges into a correspondingly shaped eye 5.
  • the actual door lock is accommodated between the bearing bushes 10, but in the broader sense this also includes the rotationally fixed anchoring of the hinge pin 3 within the post part 1.
  • the hinge pin 3 is equipped in this area with three steel needles 14, which serve as locking elements and are partially embedded in three longitudinal grooves evenly distributed around the circumference (FIG. 2). They cooperate with three profile sheets 15, which are each supported on an inner surface 17 of the middle eye 7 via an elastomer layer 16. The same profile is embossed in the three profile sheets, which can be seen particularly well from FIG. 2.
  • Each profile sheet 15 is folded on one side area so that the one free longitudinal edge stands on the inner surface 17 of the middle eye 7. At this point, the elasticity is virtually eliminated due to the supporting elastomer layer 16.
  • the immediately adjacent indentation for receiving the corresponding latching element 14 is virtually unyielding on the corresponding side and forms the locking device which coincides with the end position locking of the door.
  • the adjacent indentation within each profile sheet 15 causes an intermediate locking, for example at a door opening angle of 45 °.
  • FIG. 2 shows the closed position, in which the latching effect is approximately neutral.
  • the middle eye 21 is of substantially thin-walled design, and the profiling is stamped directly into the inner surface.
  • the profiles are less pronounced because less spring travel is available.
  • the ring-shaped middle eye 21 is namely elastically deformed, so this deformation provides the required elasticity between the three steel needles 14 and the profile.
  • the middle eye 21 When a door carried by this type of hinge is opened and closed, the middle eye 21 widens elastically, which also leads to stretching in the areas between two steel needles 14. Roughly speaking, there is a triangular deformation in particular at very high profile points, which rotates with the steel needles 14.
  • care is taken that the highest profile points of one of the three profile sections are placed in the area of the connecting plate 22, since in this area anyway the elastic deformation is lowest. In this way, a particularly uniform loading of the thin-walled middle eye 21 is achieved.
  • the latching elements are formed as latching projections 26 from the base material, which can be used together with the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and according to FIG. 3.
  • locking strips 27 made of an elastomer material are inserted in longitudinal grooves, so that the elastomer layer 16 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 or the elastic expansion in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 is not required. Rather, the locking strips 27 elastically dodge the profile tips of the profiling within the inner surface of the middle eye.
  • metal caps which can optionally be pivotally held on the hinge pin 3 with lateral flags.
  • strip-like protective caps can be vulcanized onto the elastomer strips 27.
  • composite latching strips 31 available, which in turn carry steel needles 32 on their end face.
  • the rigid locking latches 31 are elastically supported in the hinge pin 3 by means of springs 33, the springs 33 being able to be distributed over the entire length; For example, eight relatively hard small coil springs are used per assembled locking bar 31.
  • the elastomer layer 16 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is not only subjected to pressure in the radial direction, but is also very strongly subjected to shear, since the steel needles 14 attempt to turn the profile eyes 15 when the middle eye 7 rotates around the fixed hinge pin 3 to take with you. For this reason, it may be expedient to design the inner surface 17 of the middle eye 7 over a large area, that is to provide it with corrugation for better adhesion.
  • the edges of the profile sheets resting on the inner surface can be embedded in corresponding grooves (not shown), so that a rotation lock is already present at this point.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hinge Accessories (AREA)
  • Hinges (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Türscharnier für eine Fahrzeugtür, mit einem Pfostenteil, einem Türteil, einem beide Teile schwenkbar verbindenden Scharnierbolzen sowie mit einem Türfeststeller zur vorübergehenden Arretierung der Tür in mindestens einer Öffnungslage, bei dem zur Türfeststellung an dem einen Scharnierteil eine Profilierung und an dem anderen Scharnierteil ein Rastelement angebracht sind, die sich mit der Scharnierbewegung bei elastischer Anlage relativ zueinander bewegen, und der Scharnierbolzen in mindestens einem Auge des einen Scharnierteils drehfest verankert oder steckbar und drehfest verankerbar und in dem Auge des anderen Scharnierteils in mindestens einer Mehrschicht-Lagerbuchse schwenkbar gelagert ist.The invention relates to a door hinge for a vehicle door, with a post part, a door part, a hinge pin pivotally connecting both parts, and with a door retainer for temporarily locking the door in at least one opening position, in which a profile and the other on the hinge part for locking the door Hinge part a locking element are attached, which move relative to each other with the hinge movement with elastic contact, and the hinge pin is anchored in at least one eye of one hinge part rotatably or pluggable and rotatably anchored and pivotally mounted in the eye of the other hinge part in at least one multi-layer bearing bush is.

Ein derartiges Türscharnier ist z.B. aus der DE-A1-3401252 bekannt. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Präzision zu wünschen übrig läßt und die Arretierungskräfte nicht hoch genug sind.Such a door hinge is e.g. known from DE-A1-3401252. It has been shown that the precision leaves something to be desired and the locking forces are not high enough.

Bei einem weiteren bekannten Türscharnier wird eine spangenartig gebogene Torsionsfeder als Rastelement eingesetzt, die mit Hilfe kleiner Wälzkörper in entsprechende Vertiefungen entlang der Profilierung in den Raststellungen eintaucht. Die Torsionsfeder beansprucht relativ viel Platz, da zur Herbeiführung einer geeigneten Federkraft eine relativ lange Spange eingesetzt werden muß. Das erforderliche Bauvolumen erreicht dabei ein solches Ausmaß, daß die Torsionsfeder innerhalb des Türkörpers untergebracht werden muß, da der knappe Raum außerhalb des Türkörpers bis zum Türpfosten in der Regel nicht ausreicht. Entsprechend schwierig ist die Abdichtung des Türinnenraumes, da eine relativ große, unregelmäßige Öffnung gegen Eindringen von Wasser und Feuchtigkeit abgedichtet werden muß.In a further known door hinge, a torsion spring bent like a clasp is used as the detent element, which, with the aid of small rolling elements, plunges into corresponding depressions along the profiling in the detent positions. The torsion spring takes up a relatively large amount of space, since a relatively long clip must be used to bring about a suitable spring force. The required construction volume reaches such an extent that the torsion spring has to be accommodated inside the door body, since the limited space outside the door body as a rule is not sufficient up to the door jamb. Sealing the door interior is correspondingly difficult since a relatively large, irregular opening must be sealed against the ingress of water and moisture.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Türscharnier der eingangs genannten Art so zu verbessern, daß das Bauvolumen eines herkömmlichen Scharniers nur geringfügig überschritten wird, also eine Unterbringung des Scharniers in dem Raum zwischen der Tür und dem Pfosten gelingt.It is an object of the invention to improve a door hinge of the type mentioned in such a way that the overall volume of a conventional hinge is exceeded only slightly, so that the hinge can be accommodated in the space between the door and the post.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung vor, daß der Scharnierbolzen parallel zu seiner Längsachse mit mindestens einem länglichen Rastelement versehen ist, und daß das die Lagerbuchse tragende Auge auf der dem Scharnierbolzen zugewandten Innenfläche mit der Profilierung versehen ist.To achieve this object, the invention proposes that the hinge pin is provided with at least one elongated locking element parallel to its longitudinal axis, and that the eye bearing the bearing bush is provided with the profiling on the inner surface facing the hinge pin.

Bei dem Türscharnier gemäß der Erfindung ist die gesamte Türfeststellung innerhalb des einen Auges untergebracht, in dem auch die Relativbewegung beim Schwenken des Scharniers, also beim Öffnen und Schließen der zugeordneten Fahrzeugtür stattfindet. Rein äußerlich ist das Scharnier gemäß der Erfindung von einem herkömmlichen, einfachen Scharnier ohne Türfeststellung kaum zu unterscheiden, allenfalls fällt der etwas kräftigere Scharnierbolzen und das im Durchmesser größere eine Auge des einen Scharnierteils auf.In the door hinge according to the invention, the entire door lock is housed within one eye, in which the relative movement when pivoting the hinge, that is, when opening and closing the associated one Vehicle door takes place. From the outside, the hinge according to the invention can hardly be distinguished from a conventional, simple hinge without a door lock, at most the somewhat stronger hinge pin and the larger diameter of one eye of the one hinge part catches the eye.

Aufgrund der Unterbringung des Türfeststellers auf engstem Raum gelingt die Unterbringung in dem genannten Zwischenraum zwischen der Tür und dem Pfosten bei annähernd allen gängigen Fahrzeugen, so daß die bisherige Art der Scharnierbefestigung beibehalten werden kann und zusätzlich das bis dahin erforderliche Türband entfallen kann.Due to the accommodation of the door arrester in a confined space, it can be accommodated in the space between the door and the jamb in almost all common vehicles, so that the previous type of hinge attachment can be retained and the hinge required until then can be omitted.

In der einfachsten Ausführungsform, die allerdings die höchstentwickelte ist, wird die elastische Anlage der Rastelemente an der Profilierung durch eine elastische Verformung des entsprechenden Auges herbeigeführt. Aus diesem Grunde ist das Auge relativ dünnwandig ausgebildet, so daß es sich nicht nur kreisringförmig elastisch aufweiten kann, sondern zusätzlich in den Bereichen höchster Beanspruchung auch zwischen den einzelnen Rastelementen zu strecken vermag, so daß zusätzlich zu der Aufweitung eine elastische Verformung durch eine vorübergehende Polygongestalt erzielbar ist. Mit Hilfe hochvergüteter, zäher Stähle sind die dabei auftretenden elastischen Verformung en gut beherrschbar.In the simplest embodiment, which is, however, the most sophisticated, the elastic engagement of the latching elements on the profiling is brought about by an elastic deformation of the corresponding eye. For this reason, the eye is relatively thin-walled, so that it can not only expand elastically in the form of a ring, but can also stretch between the individual locking elements in the areas of the highest stress, so that in addition to the expansion, an elastic deformation due to a temporary polygon shape is achievable. With the help of highly tempered, tough steels, the resulting elastic deformation can be easily controlled.

In der Regel sind insgesamt drei Rastelemente und drei Profilabschnitte vorhanden, die gleichmäßig um den Umfang verteilt sind. In dieser Weise steht für jeden Profilbereich ein Winkelbereich von 120° zur Verfügung, der angesichts der üblichen Öffnungswinkel für Fahrzeugtüren von bis zu 90° ohne weiteres ausreicht. Von jedem Profilabschnitt wird also auch die Endarretierung in der maximalen Öffnungslage erfaßt.As a rule, there are a total of three locking elements and three profile sections, which are evenly distributed around the circumference. In this way, an angle range of 120 ° is available for each profile area, which is sufficient in view of the usual opening angles for vehicle doors of up to 90 °. The end stop in the maximum opening position is therefore also recorded for each profile section.

Es kommt bei dem Türscharnier gemäß der Erfindung auf einen besonders festen Sitz des Scharnierbolzens in dem einen Scharnierteil an, in dem der Scharnierbolzen ohnehin verankert ist. Gemäß einer Weiterbildung ist der Scharnierbolzen stufig ausgebildet, so daß im Falle eines Scharnieres, bei dem das eine Scharnierteil das andere beidseitig umgreift, in den beiden äußeren Scharnieraugen Verankerungen vorgesehen sein können. Insbesondere an dem dünnen Abschnitt des gestuften Scharnierbolzens kann dann ein Polygonprofil angebracht sein, beispielsweise ein Vierkant oder ein Sechskant, der die erwünschte solide drehfeste Verankerung in jedem Fall bewirkt. Eine derartige Polygonprofil-Verankerung empfiehlt sich auch für den Fall einer Ausführungsform eines steckbaren Scharnieres, bei dem nach der Einjustierung das Scharnier beliebig oft demontiert und wieder eingehängt werden kann, ohne die Grundjustierung zu verlieren.The door hinge according to the invention depends on a particularly firm fit of the hinge pin in the one hinge part in which the hinge pin is anchored anyway. According to a development, the hinge pin is stepped, so that in the case of a hinge in which one hinge part encompasses the other on both sides, anchors can be provided in the two outer hinge eyes. A polygonal profile, for example a square or a hexagon, can then be attached in particular to the thin section of the stepped hinge pin, which in any case brings about the desired solid, non-rotatable anchoring. Such a polygonal profile anchoring is also recommended in the case of an embodiment of a pluggable hinge, in which, after the adjustment, the hinge can be dismantled and re-attached as often as desired without losing the basic adjustment.

Als Rastelemente können an den Bolzen entsprechende Vorsprünge aus dem Grundmaterial angeformt sein, abweichend davon können Stahlnadeln teilweise in das Grundmaterial des Scharnierbolzens eingebettet sein, die als Kaufteile aus dem Bereich der Nadellagerindustrie zur Verfügung stehen. Schließlich können elastische oder elastisch gestützte Leisten in entsprechenden Längsnuten des Bolzens untergebracht sein, die dann mit einem in sich starren Auge zusammenwirken, daß einer federnden Aufweitung nicht bedarf, da die Elastizität aus den Leisten beziehungsweise aus der Stützung der Leisten gewonnen wird.Corresponding projections made of the base material can be formed on the bolts as locking elements; in deviation from this, steel needles can be partially embedded in the base material of the hinge pin, which are available as purchased parts from the area of the needle bearing industry. Finally, elastic or elastically supported strips can be accommodated in corresponding longitudinal grooves of the bolt, which then interact with a rigid eye that does not require a resilient widening, since the elasticity is obtained from the strips or from the support of the strips.

Falls die eingangs genannten hochvergüteten Stähle für das die Profilierung tragende Auge nicht zur Verfügung stehen, und auch eine Unterbringung elastischer oder elastisch gestützter Rastelemente innerhalb des Scharnierbolzens Schwierigkeiten bereitet, ist gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die Profilierung in ein Profilblatt eingeprägt ist, und daß zwischen Profilblatt und Innenfläche des Auges eine Elastomerschicht angeordnet ist, insbesondere eingespritzt ist. In dieser Weise unterliegen sämtliche Metallteile keiner Verformung, sieht man einmal von der leichten Biegeverformung der Profilblätter ab. Die erforderliche Elastizität stellt die Elastomerschicht bereit, die in annähernd beliebiger Härte und Verschleißfestigkeit eingestellt werden kann.If the high-tempered steels mentioned at the outset are not available for the eye bearing the profiling, and it is also difficult to accommodate elastic or elastically supported latching elements within the hinge pin, it is provided according to a development of the invention that the profiling is stamped into a profile sheet, and that an elastomer layer is arranged between the profile sheet and the inner surface of the eye, in particular is injected. In this way, all metal parts are not subject to deformation, apart from the slight bending deformation of the profile sheets. The required elasticity is provided by the elastomer layer, which can be adjusted in almost any hardness and wear resistance.

Im Bereich des Endanschlages ist es zweckmäßig, das Profilblatt direkt auf der Innenfläche des zugeordneten Auges abzustützen, was durch gesonderte Füße oder aber durch einen entsprechend abgebogenen Kantenbereich des Profilblattes bewirkt werden kann. In dieser Weise wird an dieser Stelle die Wirkung der Elastomerschicht aufgehoben, also eine besondere Verhärtung zur Bildung des Endanschlages erreicht.In the area of the end stop, it is expedient to support the profile sheet directly on the inner surface of the associated eye, which can be brought about by separate feet or by a correspondingly bent edge area of the profile sheet. In this way, the effect of the elastomer layer is canceled at this point, that is, a particular hardening to form the end stop is achieved.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der übrigen abhängigen Patentansprüche.Further features of the invention are the subject of the remaining dependent claims.

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind, näher erläutert; in der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Querschnittsansicht durch ein Türscharnier gemäß der Erfindung in einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
Fig. 2
eine Querschnittsansicht durch das Scharnier gemäß der Figur 1,
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht gemäß der Figur 2 eines mittleren Auges in einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel eines Türscharniers gemäß der Erfindung und
Fig. 4 bis 6
Querschnittsansichten durch drei unterschiedliche Ausführungsbeispiele für einen Scharnierbolzen mit Rastelementen zur Verwendung in einem Türscharnier gemäß der Erfindung.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention which are illustrated in the drawing are explained in more detail below; show in the drawing:
Fig. 1
2 shows a cross-sectional view through a door hinge according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment,
Fig. 2
2 shows a cross-sectional view through the hinge according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a view according to Figure 2 of a middle eye in a further embodiment of a door hinge according to the invention and
4 to 6
Cross-sectional views through three different embodiments for one Hinge pin with locking elements for use in a door hinge according to the invention.

In der Figur 1 ist ein Türscharnier mit einem Pfostenteil 1 und einem Türteil 2 wiedergegeben, die mit Hilfe eines zentralen Scharnierbolzens 3 schwenkbar miteinander verbunden sind. Bei dem dargestellten Scharnier handelt es sich um eine Type, bei der das Pfostenteil 1 mit äußeren Augen 4 und 5 versehen ist, die ein mittleres Auge 7 an dem Türteil 2 seitlich umgreifen. Durch die Augen 4, 5 und 7 ist in ausgefluchteter Lage eine durchgehende Bohrung 6 vorhanden, die allerdings gestuft ist; die Öffnung in dem oberen Auge 4 ist größer als die in dem unteren Auge 5.1 shows a door hinge with a post part 1 and a door part 2, which are pivotally connected to one another with the aid of a central hinge pin 3. The hinge shown is of a type in which the post part 1 is provided with outer eyes 4 and 5 which engage laterally around a middle eye 7 on the door part 2. Through the eyes 4, 5 and 7, a through hole 6 is present in the aligned position, but is stepped; the opening in the upper eye 4 is larger than that in the lower eye 5.

Die eigentliche schwenkbare Lagerung zwischen beiden Scharnierteilen 1 und 2 erfolgt zwischen dem mittleren Auge 7 einerseits und dem Scharnierbolzen 3 andererseits mit Hilfe von zwei Lagerhülsen 10, die für die axiale Festlegung mit einem entsprechenden Bund versehen sind. Der Scharnierbolzen 3 trägt an den äußeren Enden Riffelungen 11, von denen in der Figur 1 nur die an dem oberen Ende dargestellt sind. Da der Scharnierbolzen 3 als Stufenbolzen ausgebildet ist, ist die drehfeste Verankerung sowohl in dem oberen Auge 4 als auch in dem unteren Auge 5 besonders einfach. Abweichend von einer Riffelung am unteren Ende kann an dieser Stelle auch ein Polygonprofil vorhanden sein, beispielsweise ein Vierkant oder ein Sechskant, der in ein entsprechend geformtes Auge 5 eintaucht.The actual pivotable mounting between the two hinge parts 1 and 2 takes place between the middle eye 7 on the one hand and the hinge pin 3 on the other hand with the aid of two bearing sleeves 10 which are provided with a corresponding collar for the axial fixing. The hinge pin 3 has corrugations 11 at its outer ends, of which only those at the upper end are shown in FIG. 1. Since the hinge pin 3 is designed as a stepped pin, the rotationally fixed anchoring in the upper eye 4 as well as in the lower eye 5 is particularly simple. Deviating from corrugation at the lower end, a polygonal profile can also be present at this point, for example a square or a hexagon, which plunges into a correspondingly shaped eye 5.

Zwischen den Lagerbuchsen 10 ist die eigentliche Türfeststellung untergebracht, zu der allerdings im weiteren Sinne auch die drehfeste Verankerung des Scharnierbolzens 3 innerhalb des Pfostenteiles 1 gehört. Der Scharnierbolzen 3 ist in diesem Bereich mit drei Stahlnadeln 14 bestückt, die als Rastelemente dienen und in drei gleichmäßig um den Umfang verteilten Längsnuten zum Teil eingebettet sind (Figur 2). Sie wirken mit drei Profilblättern 15 zusammen, die sich jeweils über eine Elastomerschicht 16 an einer Innenfläche 17 des mittleren Auges 7 abstützen. In den drei Profilblättern ist jeweils dasselbe Profileingeprägt, das besonders gut aus der Figur 2 zu erkennen ist.The actual door lock is accommodated between the bearing bushes 10, but in the broader sense this also includes the rotationally fixed anchoring of the hinge pin 3 within the post part 1. The hinge pin 3 is equipped in this area with three steel needles 14, which serve as locking elements and are partially embedded in three longitudinal grooves evenly distributed around the circumference (FIG. 2). They cooperate with three profile sheets 15, which are each supported on an inner surface 17 of the middle eye 7 via an elastomer layer 16. The same profile is embossed in the three profile sheets, which can be seen particularly well from FIG. 2.

Jedes Profilblatt 15 ist an dem einen Seitenbereich so abgekantet, daß die eine freie Längskante auf der Innenfläche 17 des mittleren Auges 7 aufsteht. An dieser Stelle ist die Elastizität aufgrund der stützenden Elastomerschicht 16 so gut wie aufgehoben. Die unmittelbar daneben liegende Einbuchtung zur Aufnahme des entsprechenden Rastelementes 14 ist an der entsprechenden Seite so gut wie unnachgiebig und bildet die Arretierung, die mit der Endlagenarretierung der Tür zusammenfällt. Die benachbarte Einbuchtung innerhalb jedes Profilblattes 15 bewirkt eine Zwischenarretierung beispielsweise bei einem Türöffnungswinkel von 45°. In der Figur 2 ist die Schließlage dargestellt, in der die Rastwirkung annähernd neutral ist. Da beim Öffnen und Schließen der zugeordneten Tür relativ hohe Flächenpressungen zwischen den Stahlnadeln 14 und den Profilblättern 15 auftreten, ist der gesamte Raum mit Fett gefüllt, dessen Verbleib mit Hilfe von zwei O-Ringen sichergestellt wird. Außerdem verhindern diese O-Ringe das Eindringen von Wasser und sonstigen Verunreinigungen.Each profile sheet 15 is folded on one side area so that the one free longitudinal edge stands on the inner surface 17 of the middle eye 7. At this point, the elasticity is virtually eliminated due to the supporting elastomer layer 16. The immediately adjacent indentation for receiving the corresponding latching element 14 is virtually unyielding on the corresponding side and forms the locking device which coincides with the end position locking of the door. The adjacent indentation within each profile sheet 15 causes an intermediate locking, for example at a door opening angle of 45 °. FIG. 2 shows the closed position, in which the latching effect is approximately neutral. Since relatively high surface pressures occur between the steel needles 14 and the profiled sheets 15 when the associated door is opened and closed, the entire space is filled with grease, the whereabouts of which are ensured by means of two O-rings. These O-rings also prevent water and other contaminants from entering.

Bei dem in der Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das mittlere Auge 21 wesentlich dünnwandiger ausgebildet, und die Profilierung ist direkt in die Innenfläche eingeprägt. Die Profilierungen sind weniger ausgeprägt, da weniger Federweg zur Verfügung steht. Das ringförmig ausgebildete mittlere Auge 21 wird nämlich elastisch verformt, stellt also durch diese Verformung die benötigte Elastizität zwischen den drei Stahlnadeln 14 und der Profilierung zur Verfügung.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the middle eye 21 is of substantially thin-walled design, and the profiling is stamped directly into the inner surface. The profiles are less pronounced because less spring travel is available. The ring-shaped middle eye 21 is namely elastically deformed, so this deformation provides the required elasticity between the three steel needles 14 and the profile.

Beim Öffnen und Schließen einer von diesem Scharniertyp getragenen Tür weitet sich das mittlere Auge 21 elastisch auf, wobei es ebenfalls zu Streckungen in den Bereichen zwischen zwei Stahlnadeln 14 kommt. Grob gesagt kommt es also insbesondere bei sehr hohen Profilstellen zu einer dreieckförmigen Verformung, die mit den Stahlnadeln 14 umläuft. Um die elastische Verformung im Bereich der Anschlußlasche 32, an der das Scharnierteil angeschraubt oder angeschweißt wird, möglichst gering zu halten, ist darauf geachtet, daß die höchsten Profilstellen eines der drei Profilabschnitte in den Bereich der Anschlußlasche 22 gelegt ist, da in diesem Bereich ohnehin die elastische Verformung am geringsten ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders gleichmäßige Belastung des dünnwandigen mittleren Auges 21 erzielt.When a door carried by this type of hinge is opened and closed, the middle eye 21 widens elastically, which also leads to stretching in the areas between two steel needles 14. Roughly speaking, there is a triangular deformation in particular at very high profile points, which rotates with the steel needles 14. In order to keep the elastic deformation in the area of the connecting plate 32, to which the hinge part is screwed or welded, as small as possible, care is taken that the highest profile points of one of the three profile sections are placed in the area of the connecting plate 22, since in this area anyway the elastic deformation is lowest. In this way, a particularly uniform loading of the thin-walled middle eye 21 is achieved.

In den Figuren 4 bis 6 sind Varianten für die Gestaltung des Scharnierbolzens 3 und der daran angebrachten Rastelemente wiedergegeben. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Figur 4 sind die Rastelemente als Rastvorsprünge 26 aus dem Grundmaterial gebildet, die zusammen mit den Ausführungsbeispielen gemäß der Figuren 1 und 2 sowie gemäß der Figur 3 zum Einsatz kommen können. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Figur 5 sind in Längsnuten Rastleisten 27 aus einem Elastomerwerkstoff eingesetzt, so daß es der Elastomerschicht 16 bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 oder der elastischen Aufweitung bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Figur 3 nicht bedarf. Vielmehr weichen die Rastleisten 27 den Profilspitzen der Profilierung innerhalb der Innenfläche des mittleren Auges elastisch aus. Es kann zweckmäßig sein, die stirnseitigen Bereiche der Rastleisten 27 durch Metallkappen zu schützen, die gegebenenfalls mit seitlichen Fahnen schwenkbar an dem Scharnierbolzen 3 gehalten sein können. Abweichend davon können leistenartige Schutzkappen an die Elastomerleisten 27 anvulkanisiert sein. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Figur 6 sind zusammengesetzte Rastleisten 31 vorhanden, die an ihrer Stirnseite wiederum Stahlnadeln 32 tragen. Die in sich starren zusammengesetzten Rastleisten 31 werden über Federn 33 elastisch in dem Scharnierbolzen 3 abgestützt, wobei die Federn 33 über die gesamte Länge verteilt sein können; es kommen zum Beispiel acht relativ harte kleine Schraubenfedern pro zusammengesetzter Rastleiste 31 zum Einsatz.In Figures 4 to 6 variants for the design of the hinge pin 3 and the locking elements attached to it are shown. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the latching elements are formed as latching projections 26 from the base material, which can be used together with the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and according to FIG. 3. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, locking strips 27 made of an elastomer material are inserted in longitudinal grooves, so that the elastomer layer 16 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 or the elastic expansion in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 is not required. Rather, the locking strips 27 elastically dodge the profile tips of the profiling within the inner surface of the middle eye. It may be expedient to protect the end regions of the latching strips 27 by metal caps, which can optionally be pivotally held on the hinge pin 3 with lateral flags. In a departure from this, strip-like protective caps can be vulcanized onto the elastomer strips 27. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6, composite latching strips 31 available, which in turn carry steel needles 32 on their end face. The rigid locking latches 31 are elastically supported in the hinge pin 3 by means of springs 33, the springs 33 being able to be distributed over the entire length; For example, eight relatively hard small coil springs are used per assembled locking bar 31.

Die Elastomerschicht 16 bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Figuren 1 und 2 ist nicht nur in radialer Richtung auf Druck beansprucht, sondern auch sehr stark auf Scherung, da die Stahlnadeln 14 versuchen, bei einer Drehung des mittleren Auges 7 um den feststehenden Scharnierbolzen 3 die Profilblätter 15 mitzunehmen. Aus diesem Grunde kann es zweckmäßig sein, die Innenfläche 17 des mittleren Auges 7 großflächig zu gestalten, also mit einer Riffelung für eine bessere Haftung zu versehen. Darüber hinaus können die auf der Innenfläche aufsetzenden Kanten der Profilblätter in entsprechende Nuten (nicht dargestellt) eingelassen sein, so daß an dieser Stelle bereits eine Drehsicherung vorhanden ist.The elastomer layer 16 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is not only subjected to pressure in the radial direction, but is also very strongly subjected to shear, since the steel needles 14 attempt to turn the profile eyes 15 when the middle eye 7 rotates around the fixed hinge pin 3 to take with you. For this reason, it may be expedient to design the inner surface 17 of the middle eye 7 over a large area, that is to provide it with corrugation for better adhesion. In addition, the edges of the profile sheets resting on the inner surface can be embedded in corresponding grooves (not shown), so that a rotation lock is already present at this point.

Claims (13)

  1. Door hinge for a vehicle door, with a post part (1), a door part (2), a hinge pin (3) pivotably connecting the two parts, as well as with a door stop for temporarily stopping the door in at least one open position, in which for door stopping purposes a profiling is provided on one hinge part and a locking element (14) on the other hinge part and which move relative to one another with the hinge movement in the case of elastic engagement, and the hinge pin (3) is anchored in non-rotary manner of is plugable and anchorable in non-rotary manner in at least one lug (4) of the hinge part and is pivotably mounted in the lug (7,21) of the other hinge part in at least one multilayer bearing bush, characterized in that in that, parallel to its longitudinal axis, the hinge pin (3) is provided with at least one elongated locking element (14) and that the lug (7,21) carrying the bearing bush (10) is provided on the inner face (17) facing the hinge pin (3) with the profiling.
  2. Door hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing bush (10) is positioned above and below the locking element (14).
  3. Door hinge according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in the case of a hinge part (1) embracing on both sides by means of lugs (4,5) the central lug (7), the hinge pin (3) is stepped and a positive, non-rotary anchoring (11) is provided in the two lugs (4,5).
  4. Door hinge according to claim 3, characterized in that the non-rotary anchoring means on the thinner portion of the hinge pin (1) comprises a polygonal profile and in particular a square.
  5. Door hinge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each locking element comprises a steel needle (14) partly embedded in the base material of the hinge pin (3).
  6. Door hinge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profiling is stamped into a profile foil (15) and that between the profile foil and the inner face (17) of the lug (7) is provided an elastomer layer (16).
  7. Door hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that each profile foil (15) is made from steel sheeting and that in the vicinity of the locking means coinciding with the end position of the door opening the profile foil (15) directly contacts the inner face (17) of the lug (7), particularly with the aid of a radially bent down edge region.
  8. Door hinge according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each locking element comprises a strip (27,31), that the hinge pin (6) is in each case provided with one spline for each strip and that the strip (27) is elastically constructed or the strip (31) is resiliently supported in the radial direction.
  9. Door hinge according to claim 8, characterized in that in the case of an elastomer strip (27) , the end face is protected by a metal cap.
  10. Door hinge according to claim 8, characterized in that in the case of a rigid strip (31), the end face is formed by a steel needle (32) partly embedded in the strip.
  11. Door hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the lug (21) has a relatively thin- walled construction and that a wide, thick-walled profile portion is located in the vicinity of the screwing or welding tongue (22).
  12. Door hinge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are in all three locking elements (14) and three identical profile portions uniformly distributed around the circumference.
  13. Door hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner face (17) of the lug (7) is provided with a surface enlarging corrugation, so that there is an improvement to the adhesion of the elastomer layer (16).
EP87109979A 1986-08-07 1987-07-10 Vehicle door hinge with a door check Expired - Lifetime EP0255879B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19868621214 DE8621214U1 (en) 1986-08-07 1986-08-07 Door hinge for a vehicle door with a door stop
DE8621214U 1986-08-07

Publications (3)

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EP0255879A2 EP0255879A2 (en) 1988-02-17
EP0255879A3 EP0255879A3 (en) 1988-05-04
EP0255879B1 true EP0255879B1 (en) 1991-09-04

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ID=6797243

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EP87109979A Expired - Lifetime EP0255879B1 (en) 1986-08-07 1987-07-10 Vehicle door hinge with a door check

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0255879B1 (en)
DE (2) DE8621214U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2026156T3 (en)

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DE29605809U1 (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-07-24 Mayer & Co., Salzburg Scissor stay for wings
DE19755547A1 (en) * 1997-12-13 1999-06-17 Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg Vehicle door bearing as part of door hinge
US20130237328A1 (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-12 Reell Precision Manufacturing Corporation Circumferential strain rotary detent

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FR2648761B1 (en) * 1989-06-21 1991-10-11 Coutier Moulage Gen Ind DOOR STOPPING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY A VEHICLE DOOR
FR2658556B1 (en) * 1990-02-20 1992-06-19 Comaci HINGE WITH INTEGRATED DOOR STOP FOR VEHICLES OR OTHER OPENING ELEMENTS.
FR2661940B2 (en) * 1990-02-20 1992-09-18 Comaci HINGE WITH INTEGRATED DOOR STOP FOR VEHICLE DOORS OR OTHER OPENING ELEMENTS.
FR2660008A1 (en) * 1990-03-21 1991-09-27 Pezin Jacques Door-stop device integrated inside a hinge
EP0519141B1 (en) * 1991-06-21 1998-05-06 COMACI Société Anonyme Hinge with integral stop for vehicle doors or other closure members
PL164965B1 (en) * 1991-08-09 1994-10-31 Stefan Nazarewski Positioning apparatus in particular for automobile doors
CA2062630C (en) * 1992-01-13 1995-06-13 Allen Riblett Detent hinge
DE4406824C2 (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-02-08 Hans Kuehl Swivel escapement hinge
JP2739164B2 (en) * 1994-12-27 1998-04-08 トックベアリング株式会社 Independent mechanism in rotary damper
DE19625557A1 (en) * 1996-06-26 1998-01-08 Hans Dipl Ing Kuehl Hinge for doors with swivel escapement
GB2342120B (en) * 1996-07-15 2001-02-28 Southco Door positioning hinge
US5765263A (en) * 1996-07-15 1998-06-16 Southco, Inc. Door positioning hinge
CN1296548A (en) * 1998-04-09 2001-05-23 Ed沙瓦希特有限公司 Door stop integrated with door hinge in structure
DE19907455A1 (en) * 1999-02-22 2000-08-31 Scharwaechter Ed Gmbh Motor vehicle door brake with holding function
CA2277114C (en) * 1999-07-07 2004-06-01 Multimatic Inc. Integrated door check hinge for automobiles
FR2812700B1 (en) * 2000-08-04 2002-10-31 Itw De France DIRECT GRIP ROTATION RETARDER
KR20020040354A (en) * 2000-11-24 2002-05-30 이계안 a door hinge which also serves as a door checker of vehicles
US6629337B2 (en) * 2001-11-28 2003-10-07 Edscha Roof Systems Inc. Double-pivot resistance hinge for motor vehicle door
FR2835581B1 (en) * 2002-02-04 2005-07-01 Itw Fastex France ROTATING RETARDER DEVICE AND USE THEREOF
DE10343587B4 (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-09-01 Ise Innomotive Systems Europe Gmbh Door hinge with lock for vehicle doors
DE102010062318A1 (en) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-06 Sedus Stoll Ag Restricted warehouse and furniture, especially folding table
FR3012505B1 (en) * 2013-10-24 2017-01-13 Pinet Ind HINGE OR EQUIVALENT TO RATCHET
EP4031890B1 (en) 2019-09-20 2024-04-03 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Damping mechanism, rf coil device and mri apparatus
EP3832334A1 (en) * 2019-12-02 2021-06-09 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Damping mechanism, rf coil device and mri apparatus

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DE29605809U1 (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-07-24 Mayer & Co., Salzburg Scissor stay for wings
DE19755547A1 (en) * 1997-12-13 1999-06-17 Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg Vehicle door bearing as part of door hinge
US20130237328A1 (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-12 Reell Precision Manufacturing Corporation Circumferential strain rotary detent
US8959717B2 (en) * 2012-03-12 2015-02-24 Reell Precision Manufacturing Corporation Circumferential strain rotary detent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0255879A2 (en) 1988-02-17
DE3772663D1 (en) 1991-10-10
EP0255879A3 (en) 1988-05-04
ES2026156T3 (en) 1992-04-16
DE8621214U1 (en) 1987-12-03

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