EP0252554B1 - Automatic door closer - Google Patents
Automatic door closer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0252554B1 EP0252554B1 EP19870201217 EP87201217A EP0252554B1 EP 0252554 B1 EP0252554 B1 EP 0252554B1 EP 19870201217 EP19870201217 EP 19870201217 EP 87201217 A EP87201217 A EP 87201217A EP 0252554 B1 EP0252554 B1 EP 0252554B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- door
- piston
- spring means
- cam
- jumper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
- E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
- E05F3/104—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with cam-and-slide transmission between driving shaft and piston within the closer housing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/22—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position
- E05F3/225—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position mounted at the bottom of wings, e.g. details related to seals, covers, connections to the wings, embedding in the floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/624—Arms
- E05Y2201/626—Levers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
- E05Y2600/40—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements
- E05Y2600/41—Concealed
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
- E05Y2600/40—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements
- E05Y2600/452—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements in or on the floor or wall
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to automatic door-closing devices. More especially the invention is concerned with door-closing devices of the kind commonly referred to as floor springs.
- the conventional floor spring comprises a unit to be mounted at floor level including a shaft to be coupled to the door so as to turn therewith as the door opens and closes.
- An energy-accumulating spring is coupled to the shaft via a cam so that as the door is opened the cam turns to compress the spring. In the open position, the spring applies a force to the cam to restore it to its original position, so that when the door is released the cam turns the shaft to close the door once more.
- Hydraulic damping means are also provided to cushion the closing movement of the door.
- US-A-2752627 the origin of the features of the preamble of Claim 1 discloses a floor spring in which there are two cams coupled to the shaft, one for the energy-accumulating spring and the other for a hydraulic plunger of the damping means.
- a follow-up spring relatively weak in comparison with the main spring, acts on the hydraulic plunger in order to keep its cam follower (roller) in contact with the respective cam.
- a substantial opening force must be applied to the door.
- oil is drawn into the corresponding cylinder from a surrounding reservoir through a non-return valve.
- As the door closes and the plunger retracts oil is driven out from that cylinder through two separate orifices provided with respective adjustable needles, to select the rate of damped closing.
- One aim of the present invention is to provide a device useable as a floor spring which is arranged so that, after any initial detent action on the door has been overcome, only a minimal force is required to move the door to its normal open position and compress the restoring spring.
- a device will be of particular benefit to the elderly, handicapped or infirm who may have sufficient strength and mobility to "crack" the door a small initial angle but who would have difficulty in moving a door through its full opening angle against the resistance inherent in a conventional floor spring.
- an automatic door-closing device comprises: a shaft to be coupled to a door so as to turn therewith as the door opens and closes; first cam means coupled to the shaft; first spring means coupled to the first cam means such as to be loaded thereby as the door is opened and to apply a force to the first cam means tending to restore the door to its closed position; second cam means coupled to the shaft; a piston coupled to the second cam means; and second spring means acting upon the piston such as to drive it in a first direction; closing movement of the door under the force of the first spring means acting through the second cam means to drive the piston in a second direction opposite to the first; characterised in that the strength of said second spring means and the form of the second cam means are so chosen such that during a substantial portion of the opening movement of the door the second spring means assists the opening of the door in opposition to the force of the first spring means; the piston causes fluid to flow through a circuit in opposite senses when it is driven in said first and second directions; and said circuit includes
- the restoring spring unit 8 is more fully shown in Figures 2 and 3.
- a coil spring 16 of high stiffness Within its casing 15 is housing a coil spring 16 of high stiffness.
- One end of this spring engages an abutment plate 17 at one end of the casing 15, and the other end of the spring engages a second abutment plate (not shown) carried by the rod 7 so that the action of the spring is to urge the rod strongly to the right (as viewed in the Figures) to an extended position with respect to the casing.
- the force with which the spring so acts is adjustable, and can be relieved eg for maintenance, by adjusting the axial position of the plate 17 in the casing 15 by means of four screws 18 threaded through the end of the casing and against which the plate 17 is thrust by the spring.
- the illustrated unit also has a pivoted latch arm 19 to engage a side roller 20 on the rod 7 under an adjustable spring pressure 21, to provide a detent action against retracting movement of the rod.
- a pin 36 held by the block 31 extends through one of the cross bores 34.
- the lower limiting position of the jumper in the block is defined by the abutment of the pin 36 with the flat upper surface of the cross bore 34 within which it lies.
- the upper limiting position of the jumper in the block is defined by the abutment of the tail of the jumper with the inner end wall 37 of the block.
- FIG. 6 this shows the profile of the cam 4 which cooperates with the restoring spring unit 8. It is symmetrical about a central axis X to provide equivalent action in both opening directions of the door. Its central part is a depression 40 defining the closed position of the door. From here the profile rises quite steeply to positions approximately 12-15° either side of the axis and then rises gradually to positions slightly beyond 90° either side. Past the latter positions the profile is of constant radius.
- the roller 9 is initially on the constant-radius portion of cam 5 and the door will therefore have a fast, undamped closing speed until the roller begins to rise up to the cusp 41.
- the rod 13 is now pushed further back into the unit 14 to damp the final part of the closing movement of the door, the damping reaching a maximum as the roller 9 rises up the steepest part of the cusp 41, which corresponds to movement of the roller 6 into the depression 40 of cam 4, to ensure gentle closure.
- the flutes 43 of the cam 5 are slightly overcut with respect to the splines (not shown) of the shaft 2 with which they engage, so that there is a small degree of lost angular motion between the shaft and cam.
Landscapes
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to automatic door-closing devices. More especially the invention is concerned with door-closing devices of the kind commonly referred to as floor springs.
- The conventional floor spring comprises a unit to be mounted at floor level including a shaft to be coupled to the door so as to turn therewith as the door opens and closes. An energy-accumulating spring is coupled to the shaft via a cam so that as the door is opened the cam turns to compress the spring. In the open position, the spring applies a force to the cam to restore it to its original position, so that when the door is released the cam turns the shaft to close the door once more. Hydraulic damping means are also provided to cushion the closing movement of the door.
- By way of example, US-A-2752627 the origin of the features of the preamble of
Claim 1 discloses a floor spring in which there are two cams coupled to the shaft, one for the energy-accumulating spring and the other for a hydraulic plunger of the damping means. A follow-up spring, relatively weak in comparison with the main spring, acts on the hydraulic plunger in order to keep its cam follower (roller) in contact with the respective cam. A substantial opening force must be applied to the door. As the door opens and the plunger extends, oil is drawn into the corresponding cylinder from a surrounding reservoir through a non-return valve. As the door closes and the plunger retracts, oil is driven out from that cylinder through two separate orifices provided with respective adjustable needles, to select the rate of damped closing. - One aim of the present invention is to provide a device useable as a floor spring which is arranged so that, after any initial detent action on the door has been overcome, only a minimal force is required to move the door to its normal open position and compress the restoring spring. Such a device will be of particular benefit to the elderly, handicapped or infirm who may have sufficient strength and mobility to "crack" the door a small initial angle but who would have difficulty in moving a door through its full opening angle against the resistance inherent in a conventional floor spring.
- In accordance with the invention as defined in
independent Claim 1 an automatic door-closing device comprises: a shaft to be coupled to a door so as to turn therewith as the door opens and closes; first cam means coupled to the shaft; first spring means coupled to the first cam means such as to be loaded thereby as the door is opened and to apply a force to the first cam means tending to restore the door to its closed position; second cam means coupled to the shaft; a piston coupled to the second cam means; and second spring means acting upon the piston such as to drive it in a first direction; closing movement of the door under the force of the first spring means acting through the second cam means to drive the piston in a second direction opposite to the first; characterised in that the strength of said second spring means and the form of the second cam means are so chosen such that during a substantial portion of the opening movement of the door the second spring means assists the opening of the door in opposition to the force of the first spring means; the piston causes fluid to flow through a circuit in opposite senses when it is driven in said first and second directions; and said circuit includes throttling means responsive to the direction of flow through the circuit and adapted to be effective when the piston is driven in its second direction (as the door closes) but to be ineffective, or less effective, when the piston is driven in its first direction (as the door opens). - Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in Claims 2 to 7
These and other features of the invention will become apparent from the following particular description of one embodiment thereof, given by way of example and taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a plan view of a floor spring constructed in accordance with the invention, with its top cover removed;
- Figure 2 is a plan view of the restoring spring unit employed in the device of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a partial vertical section and partial side elevation of the unit shown in Figure 2;
- Figure 4 is a horizontal section through the damper/assist unit employed in the device of Figure 1;
- Figure 5 is a vertical section, to an enlarged scale, through the throttling means of the unit shown in Figure 4; and
- Figures 6 and 7 are respective plan views of the two cams employed in the device of Figure 1.
- Referring to Figure 1, the illustrated floor spring has a
casing 1 in which is borne a shaft 2 with a spigot 3 adapted to fit into a socket in the underside of a swing door, so that the shaft turns with the door as the latter opens and closes to either side of a central position. Keyed to the shaft are twocams 4 and 5.Cam 4 cooperates with aroller 6 carried at one end of arod 7 which extends from a restoring spring unit 8, to be more particularly described below. Cam 5 cooperates with a roller 9 borne at an intermediate position on alever 10 which is pivoted at one end on apin 11 in the casing and passes beneath therod 7. At its other end thelever 10 carries aroller 12 which cooperates with arod 13 adapted to extend from a damper/assist unit 14, which will also be more particularly described below. - The restoring spring unit 8 is more fully shown in Figures 2 and 3. Within its
casing 15 is housing acoil spring 16 of high stiffness. One end of this spring engages anabutment plate 17 at one end of thecasing 15, and the other end of the spring engages a second abutment plate (not shown) carried by therod 7 so that the action of the spring is to urge the rod strongly to the right (as viewed in the Figures) to an extended position with respect to the casing. The force with which the spring so acts is adjustable, and can be relieved eg for maintenance, by adjusting the axial position of theplate 17 in thecasing 15 by means of fourscrews 18 threaded through the end of the casing and against which theplate 17 is thrust by the spring. The illustrated unit also has a pivotedlatch arm 19 to engage aside roller 20 on therod 7 under anadjustable spring pressure 21, to provide a detent action against retracting movement of the rod. - Turning to Figure 4, the damper/
assist unit 14 has acasing 22 defining ahydraulic cylinder 23. Within this cylinder is aslidable piston 24, mounted on therod 13. Acoil spring 25 is trapped between the piston and one end of the cylinder, the action of which is to urge the piston rightwards (as viewed in the Figure) to extend therod 13 from the casing. Figure 4 shows this unit with the rod in a fully extended position, which in practice is not quite reached in operation of the floor spring. The two ends of the cylinder are also connected together through apassage 26 bored in the casing, and the whole of thecylinder 23 andpassage 26 is filled with oil. Movement of thepiston 24 to the right under the action of thespring 25, therefore, has the effect of displacing oil from the right hand end of thecylinder 23 to the left hand end by flow in the clockwise sense (as viewed in the Figure) throughpassage 26. Movement of thepiston 24 to the left, on the other hand, (which is under the action of the cam 5 as explained below), displaces oil from the left hand end of thecylinder 23 to the right hand end, by flow in the reverse sense through thepassage 26. Connected to thecylinder 23 is an overflow/accumulator chamber (not shown) for the oil, to compensate for changes in the effective volume of thecylinder 23 as therod 13 moves in and out, and within thepassage 12 is anautomatic throttling device 27 which will now be described with reference to Figure 5. - In Figure 5 the portions of the
passage 26 which lead to the throttling device from the right and left hand ends of thecylinder 23 are denoted as 26R and 26L respectively. For oil to flow between these portions of the passage it has to pass between aconical drilling 28 and theconical head 29 of ajumper 30 which extends to a greater or lesser degree into that drilling. Thejumper 30 is itself borne in ablock 31 mounted in acavity 32 in the casing, and is permitted a limited degree of axial movement relative to the block. To this end the jumper has acylindrical portion 33 which is a sliding fit in theblock 31. A pair ofcross bores 34 extend diametrically across the jumper, and an axial bore 35 also leads through the jumper from thecross bores 34 to its tail. Apin 36 held by theblock 31 extends through one of thecross bores 34. With this arrangement the lower limiting position of the jumper in the block is defined by the abutment of thepin 36 with the flat upper surface of thecross bore 34 within which it lies. The upper limiting position of the jumper in the block is defined by the abutment of the tail of the jumper with theinner end wall 37 of the block. - The effect of this throttle is as follows. Suppose the
piston 24 is driven to the left in Figure 4. This causes pressurised oil to flow to the throttle throughpassage 26L. The pressure in this passage is communicated viabores 34 and 35 to thespace 38 at the tail of the jumper and causes the jumper to shift down to its position illustrated in Figure 5 in which thehead 29 is thrust into thedrilling 28 and restricts the area available for flow into thepassage 26R. The restriction thus caused effectively damps the leftward movement of the piston. Suppose instead thepiston 24 is driven to the right in Figure 4. This causes pressurised oil to flow to the throttle throughpassage 26R. - The pressure here acting on the underside of the
head 29 lifts the jumper to open up the flow area betweenhead 29 and drilling 28 and the oil therefore flows intopassage 26L with little restriction. There is thus little or no effective damping action on the rightward movement of thepiston 24. The flow of oil through the throttle in this direction will also tend to flush out dirt which could become trapped between thesurface 28/29. - The degree of damping imparted by the
throttle 27 can be adjusted by altering the position of theblock 31 in thecavity 32 to take the lower position of the jumper towards or away from thedrilling 28 as required. To this end the block has a threadedextension 39 by which it can be screwed down or up in thecavity 32. - Turning now to Figure 6 this shows the profile of the
cam 4 which cooperates with the restoring spring unit 8. It is symmetrical about a central axis X to provide equivalent action in both opening directions of the door. Its central part is a depression 40 defining the closed position of the door. From here the profile rises quite steeply to positions approximately 12-15° either side of the axis and then rises gradually to positions slightly beyond 90° either side. Past the latter positions the profile is of constant radius. - The profile of the cam 5 which cooperates with the damper/assist until 14 is shown in Figure 7. Again this cam is configured to provide equivalent action in both opening directions of the door but it is not geometrically symmetrical about its central axis Y because the roller 9 with which it cooperates moves not in a straight line but in an arc about the
pivot pin 11; the profiles of the two "sides" of the cam are therefore adjusted to take account of this movement. Its central part is acusp 41 from which the profile falls, initially quite steeply, to positions approximately 35-40° either side of the centre. The profile is then of constant radius to positions slightly beyond 90° either side, at which there aresteps 42. - The operation of the device is as follows.
- Figure 1 shows the positions adopted when the door is in its central, closed condition. The
roller 6 of the restoring spring unit lies in the depression 40 of thecam 4 to resist turning of the shaft 2 and thus opening of the door. In addition to the spring force urging the roller into this position thelatch 19 acts to resist inward movement of therod 7 and thus applies an additional restraint on opening of the door. This may be necessary where the door is, for example, exposed to wind pressure, but may be omitted or reduced in other circumstances. The roller 9 of thelever 10 lies on thecusp 41 of the cam 5. - To open the door, in either direction, a certain effort is required in order to begin to turn the
cam 4 so that theroller 6 begins to ride out of the depression 40, thus compressing thespring 16 in unit 8, and to overcome the detent action of thelatch 19. As soon as the door is "cracked" a few degrees, however, the cam 5 is turned to present a steeply falling side of itscusp 41 to the roller 9. This is being pressed inwards against the cam 5 by thespring 25 inunit 14 acting via thepiston rod 13 andlever 10. The force of thespring 25 therefore now acts in a sense that assists the opening movement of the door and thus greatly reduces the manual force which must be applied to continue opening the door and compress the restoringspring 16. From the description above it will be recalled that thethrottle 27 applies no significant damping action on the movement of thepiston rod 13 in this direction. The assistance to door opening from thespring 25 continues while the cam 5 turns with the roller 9 on its decreasing-profile portion, corresponding to a useful opening angle for the door. Beyond that, the restoringspring 16 will continue to be compressed by thecam 4. If the door should be pushed beyond a 90° position, the roller 9 will pass one of thesteps 42 on the cam 5 thus allowing therod 13 to be pushed further out from theunit 14 by thespring 25. - The limiting opening angle from which the restoring
spring 16 can act to close the door in the illustrated embodiment is approximately 110° - corresponding to the position at which theroller 6 reaches the end of the increasing-profile portion of thecam 4, and at this position suitable stop means will be provided either internally or externally of the floor spring to prevent further movement of the door. Clearly, any other effective angle can be chosen in this respect by suitable configuration of the cam surface. - When the door is released, the force of the spring acting on the
cam 4 through theroller 6 drives that cam, and hence the door, back towards the closed position. Assuming that the door has opened beyond the 90° position, as the cam 5 also turns back the roller 9 will encounter the rising surface of thestep 42, thus pivoting thelever 10 to press thepiston rod 13 back into theunit 14. As will be appreciated, as thepiston 24 now moves leftwards (as viewed in figure 4) it will act against thespring 25 and also thethrottle 27 will restrict the flow of oil through thepassage 26 in this sense of movement of the piston. Thedamper unit 14 therefore applies a delayed-closing action to the door at this position, the delay time depending upon the profile of the step and the degree of damping imparted by thethrottle 27. - Having passed back over the
step 42, the roller 9 is initially on the constant-radius portion of cam 5 and the door will therefore have a fast, undamped closing speed until the roller begins to rise up to thecusp 41. Therod 13 is now pushed further back into theunit 14 to damp the final part of the closing movement of the door, the damping reaching a maximum as the roller 9 rises up the steepest part of thecusp 41, which corresponds to movement of theroller 6 into the depression 40 ofcam 4, to ensure gentle closure. In point of fact the flutes 43 of the cam 5 are slightly overcut with respect to the splines (not shown) of the shaft 2 with which they engage, so that there is a small degree of lost angular motion between the shaft and cam. This means that when the door reaches its closed position, from either opening direction, the roller 9 does not reach up exactly to the top of thecusp 41, and thespring 25 continues to exert a certain load against the side of the cusp. This has been found to assist considerably in the definition of a stable zero position for the door. - From the above description of the operation of the illustrated floor spring, it will be appreciated how the
springs cams 4 and 5 andautomatic throttle 27 interact to provide programmed opening forces and a programmed closing sequence for the door. The "programme" so provided in devices made in accordance with the invention is open to considerable variation by appropriate selection of the cam profiles and throttle characteristics.
Claims (7)
- An automatic door-closing device comprising: a shaft (2) to be coupled to a door so as to turn therewith as the door opens and closes; first cam means (4) coupled to the shaft (2); first spring means (16) coupled to the first cam means (4) such as to be loaded thereby as the door is opened and to apply a force to the first cam means (4) tending to restore the door to its closed position; second cam means (5) coupled to the shaft (2); a piston (24) coupled to the second cam means (5); and second spring means (25) acting upon the piston (24) such as to drive it in a first direction; closing movement of the door under the force of the first spring means (16) acting through the second cam means (5) to drive the piston (24) in a second direction opposite to the first;
characterised in that the strength of said second spring means (25) and the form of the second cam means (5) are so chosen such that during a substantial portion of the opening movement of the door the second spring means (25) assists the opening of the door in opposition to the force of the first spring means (16); the piston (24) causes fluid to flow through a circuit (26) in opposite senses when it is driven in said first and second directions; and said circuit (26) includes throttling means (27) responsive to the direction of flow through the circuit (26) and adapted to be effective when the piston (24) is driven in its second direction (as the door closes) but to be ineffective, or less effective, when the piston (24) is driven in its first direction (as the door opens). - A device according to claim 1 wherein said first spring means (16) and said piston (24) are disposed in structures (8,14) located side by side and with their respective lines of action generally parallel; the line of action of one of said first spring means (16) or piston (24) intersecting the axis of said shaft (2), or nearly so, while the line of action of the other of said first spring means (16) or piston (24) is offset from the axis of said shaft (2); and said other of said first spring means (16) or piston (24) is coupled to the respective cam means (4 or 5) by a lever (10) pivoted at one end (11), intersecting said offset line of action at its other end (12) and carrying follower means (9) intermediate its ends for engagement with the cam means (4 or 5).
- A device according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein it is arranged that in a set position of said shaft (2) corresponding to the intended closed position of the door said second spring means (25) applies a force to said second cam means (5) in a direction to open the door which force is opposed and resisted by the force of said first spring means (16) acting upon said first cam means (4), whereby to stabilise said set position of said shaft (2).
- A device according to claim 3 wherein said shaft (2) is adapted to turn away from said set position in opposite directions; said first cam means (4) has a depression (40) within which follower means (6) of said first spring means (16) lie in said set position; said second cam means (5) has a cusp (41) with which follower means (9) of said second spring means (25) engage in said set position; and said second cam means (5) is mounted with a limited degree of lost angular motion relative to said first cam means (4) so that, upon return of the shaft (2) to said set position following displacement therefrom in either direction as the door is opened, said follower means (9) of said second spring means (25) remain in engagement with a portion of said cusp (41) to that side of the crown thereof which was presented to said follower means (9) when the door was open.
- A device according to any preceding claim wherein said second cam means (5) has a stepped profile (42) for engagement with follower means (9) of said piston (24) and second spring means (25) when the door has opened to a specified angle, thereby to delay closure of the door from that angle under the force of the first spring means (16).
- A device according to any preceding claim wherein said throttling means (27) comprises a jumper (30) having a head portion (29) cooperating with a complementary flow passage (28) which forms part of said circuit (26), the jumper (30) being borne for limited axial movement relative to said passage (28) such as to vary the effective area available for fluid flow therethrough; one end of said flow passage (28) communicating through conduit means (26R) with a cylinder (23) space to one side of said piston (24); the other end of said flow passage (28) opening to a cavity (32) which communicates through conduit means (26L) with a cylinder (23) space to the other side of said piston (24); the jumper (30) having one or more openings (34) at an intermediate portion thereof which communicate with said cavity (32) in all positions of the jumper (30) and by which fluid pressure in said cavity (32) is transmitted through a passage (35) in the jumper (30) to a closed space (38) at the tail end thereof; whereby movement of the piston (24) to compress the cylinder (23) space to said one side thereof, under the action of said second spring means (25), pressurises said one end of said flow passage (28) causing the jumper (30) to move such as to increase the effective area available for fluid flow through that passage (28), while movement of the piston (24) to compress the cylinder (23) space to said other side thereof, under the force of said first spring means (16) acting through the second cam means (5), pressurises said cavity (32) and thereby said closed space (38) at the tail end of the jumper (30) causing the jumper (30) to move such as to decrease the effective area available for fluid flow through said flow passage (28).
- A device according to claim 6 wherein the jumper (30) is borne for limited axial movement in a carrier (31) which is itself operatively adjustable in position to move towards or away from said flow passage (28), thereby to adjust the limiting positions of the head portion (29) of the jumper (30) with respect to said flow passage (28).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB868616922A GB8616922D0 (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1986-07-11 | Automatic door closer |
GB8616922 | 1986-07-11 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0252554A2 EP0252554A2 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
EP0252554A3 EP0252554A3 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
EP0252554B1 true EP0252554B1 (en) | 1991-10-09 |
Family
ID=10600889
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19870201217 Expired EP0252554B1 (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1987-06-25 | Automatic door closer |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0252554B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3773552D1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB8616922D0 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2321257A1 (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2009-06-03 | S.A. Levasseur Systemes | Door operator comprising resilient actuator and damping means operated by separate cams |
US8225458B1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2012-07-24 | Hoffberg Steven M | Intelligent door restraint |
DE102013100293A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Eco Schulte Gmbh & Co. Kg | Drive unit for door casement, has first energy storage device exerting torque on leaves in first wing opening angle region at specific angle, and second energy storage device exerting opening torque and closing torque on leaves |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202008005721U1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2008-07-10 | Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg | Door closer with a hydraulic closing delay |
GB2479145A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-05 | Ingersoll Rand Security Technologies Ltd | Door closer having two springs |
EP3642437B1 (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2021-08-25 | FritsJurgens Holding B.V. | Pivot door hinge |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2752627A (en) * | 1953-02-26 | 1956-07-03 | George W Houlsby Jr | Pivotal door check device |
DE1036711B (en) * | 1954-04-08 | 1958-08-14 | Ver Baubeschlag Gretsch Co | Closer for the leaves of doors, especially floor door closers |
GB1059033A (en) * | 1962-09-06 | 1967-02-15 | Stanmore Springs Ltd | Improved floor door spring unit |
GB1003273A (en) * | 1963-03-29 | 1965-09-02 | William Newman & Sons Ltd | Adjustable valve means for controlling the flow of a fluid |
GB997269A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1965-07-07 | Tonks Birmingham Ltd | Door closers |
DE1584237C3 (en) * | 1966-11-12 | 1975-02-13 | Vereinigte Baubeschlagfabriken Gretsch & Co Gmbh, 7250 Leonberg | Closer for swing doors |
GB1239915A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1971-07-21 | Stanmore Springs Ltd | Improvements in hydraulic check floor springs |
GB1192074A (en) * | 1967-09-27 | 1970-05-20 | Dormech Doorsprings Ltd | Improvements in and relating to Floor Door Springs |
DE1948705A1 (en) * | 1969-09-26 | 1971-04-01 | Doerken & Mankel Kg | Automatic door closer, in particular swing door closer |
GB2156950B (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1988-01-13 | Newman Tonks Eng | Flow control valve and door closer incorporating such a valve |
-
1986
- 1986-07-11 GB GB868616922A patent/GB8616922D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-06-25 DE DE8787201217T patent/DE3773552D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-25 EP EP19870201217 patent/EP0252554B1/en not_active Expired
- 1987-07-07 GB GB8715980A patent/GB2192426B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8225458B1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2012-07-24 | Hoffberg Steven M | Intelligent door restraint |
US9121217B1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2015-09-01 | Steven M. Hoffberg | Intelligent door restraint |
ES2321257A1 (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2009-06-03 | S.A. Levasseur Systemes | Door operator comprising resilient actuator and damping means operated by separate cams |
DE102013100293A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Eco Schulte Gmbh & Co. Kg | Drive unit for door casement, has first energy storage device exerting torque on leaves in first wing opening angle region at specific angle, and second energy storage device exerting opening torque and closing torque on leaves |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2192426B (en) | 1989-12-20 |
GB8715980D0 (en) | 1987-08-12 |
GB8616922D0 (en) | 1986-08-20 |
DE3773552D1 (en) | 1991-11-14 |
EP0252554A3 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
EP0252554A2 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
GB2192426A (en) | 1988-01-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4349939A (en) | Automatic door closer | |
US11268312B2 (en) | Combined door hinge with variable hydraulic damping and stopper device performance | |
CN100491765C (en) | Lockout mechanism for a suspension system | |
US5058715A (en) | Shock absorber | |
EP0407150B1 (en) | Hydraulic control system of floor hinge | |
US5343593A (en) | Door closer | |
EP0252554B1 (en) | Automatic door closer | |
US5016317A (en) | Lightly-operating automatic door closer with double cylinders | |
EP3642437A1 (en) | Pivot door hinge | |
US4100646A (en) | Self-closing hinge | |
US4386446A (en) | Door closer | |
US5862630A (en) | Door closer | |
US2909801A (en) | Door closer | |
US4523521A (en) | Spindle press | |
CA2431071A1 (en) | Closing device for gates and doors | |
EP0255781A2 (en) | Door operating mechanism | |
DE931816C (en) | Hydraulic shock absorption device for motor vehicles | |
CN110043154A (en) | Auto-manual intelligent door axle system | |
GB2576598A (en) | Regulating valve | |
JPS6243102Y2 (en) | ||
GB2140076A (en) | Door closers | |
JPH0120236Y2 (en) | ||
JPS5810865Y2 (en) | Door closer back check device | |
KR20240025200A (en) | Door open and closing energy controlling device | |
KR950010338Y1 (en) | Hinge for opening and closing door |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BE DE NL |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): BE DE NL |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19881202 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19900105 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE NL |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3773552 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19911114 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19930422 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19930630 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19930803 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19940630 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: CHUBB LIPS NEDERLAND B.V. Effective date: 19940630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19950101 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19950301 |