EP0248727B1 - Four de fusion à induction haute fréquence - Google Patents
Four de fusion à induction haute fréquence Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0248727B1 EP0248727B1 EP87401230A EP87401230A EP0248727B1 EP 0248727 B1 EP0248727 B1 EP 0248727B1 EP 87401230 A EP87401230 A EP 87401230A EP 87401230 A EP87401230 A EP 87401230A EP 0248727 B1 EP0248727 B1 EP 0248727B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turn
- melting furnace
- crucible
- furnace according
- refractory
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
- H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
- H05B6/28—Protective systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
- F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/10—Crucibles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0837—Cooling arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a melting furnace by electromagnetic induction by circulation of high frequency alternating current, usable in particular for the melting and transformation of refractory materials such as ceramic oxides, glass and chemical salts.
- the principle of the induction furnace consists in passing an inductor through an alternating current; a magnetic field is then created inside this inductor where the charge is liquefied. Induced currents are then generated, which circulate inside this load and are converted into heat energy by the Joule effect provided that the resistivity of the load is less than a value depending on the diameter of this load and the frequency considered.
- refractory materials can be considered as insulating at ambient temperature, but their resistivity decreases beyond a temperature here called inducibility. In this case it is necessary to provide a heating means to ensure the initiation of the induction phenomenon.
- the furnace can operate in continuous casting provided that it has suitable filling and emptying means.
- the present invention provides an improvement on existing solutions insofar as it combines the simplest design: monospire oven in self-crucible, with a device making it possible to guard against the risks of arcing which constitute the major problem of monospire.
- the subject of the present invention is a melting furnace for induction refractory materials, the electrically conductive wall of which consists of a single cylindrical turn, the ends of which are connected to a source of high frequency alternating current, said turn forming both the inductor and the crucible proper and comprising means for cooling its surface, this furnace being characterized in that it comprises at least one cooled piece of elongated shape made of electrically conductive material, disposed along the slot delimited by the ends of the turn, maintained at a floating potential and electrically isolated from said turn.
- the elongated piece which constitutes the essential means of the invention, thus fulfills a double function.
- the space between the cooled part and the ends of the coil is filled with an electrical insulator which must withstand maximum temperatures of approximately 200 ° C and can therefore be made of paper, plaster, epoxy resin or refractory cement in thin layer.
- the bottom of the crucible is made of a conductive material.
- the coil is then electrically isolated from the bottom of the crucible by a refractory electrical insulator.
- the conductive material constituting the bottom of the crucible is of the same nature as that of the coil.
- the bottom of the crucible is made of an insulating material.
- the lower part of the turn, adjacent to the bottom of the crucible is notched.
- This arrangement in the case of a conductive crucible bottom allows, according to the invention, not to disturb the electromagnetic field in the lower part of the crucible by greatly reducing the coupling between the monospire and the bottom of the crucible.
- This arrangement in the case of an insulating crucible bottom, makes it possible to limit the field of induction in the charge and thus prohibit fusion on contact with the refractory bottom.
- the oven therefore generally comprises a turn 1 constituted, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, of a curved sheet of an electrically conductive metal such as copper or aluminum, at the ends 2 from which an electrical circuit 3 introduces the alternating electrical current necessary for operation.
- a turn 1 constituted, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, of a curved sheet of an electrically conductive metal such as copper or aluminum, at the ends 2 from which an electrical circuit 3 introduces the alternating electrical current necessary for operation.
- At least one elongated piece 5 of electrically conductive material maintained at a floating potential and electrically isolated from the coil 1 by a space which can optionally be filled with an insulator 6 disposed between the part 5 and the ends of the coil 1.
- the part 5 is unique and makes it possible to halve the value of the tension between the two ends of the turn.
- Each part 5 is subject to the action of the electromagnetic field and therefore traversed by induced heat-generating currents. It therefore essentially consists of a hollow envelope 7 inside which circulates a cooling fluid.
- FIG. 2 indicates a possible configuration, according to which a metal tube 8 is introduced inside the envelope 7: the fluid enters through the metal tube 8 and rises along the envelope 7.
- the insulator 6, which also seals the crucible, must withstand maximum temperatures of around 200 ° C. since the part 5 is cooled. It can be made of paper, plaster or epoxy resin or refractory cement in a thin layer for example.
- the bottom 9 of the crucible can be, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, made of refractory material.
- the device shown in Figure 4, ensuring the emptying of the liquefied product then consists essentially of a cooled copper tube 18 by a few windings of a smaller copper tube 20 in which circulates a cooling fluid, the whole being embedded in the refractory material constituting the bottom 9 and closed by a plug 22 of copper itself cooled.
- the bottom 9 can also be made, as is the case in FIG. 1, of the same conductive material as the turn 1, the emptying device then being limited to a hole bored in the bottom and closed by a cooled copper plug, as for the embodiment described in the previous paragraph. It is then necessary to provide electrical insulation between the bottom and the coil and to avoid an excessive modification of the lines of the electromagnetic field; this is why an insulating and refractory joint 10 separates the bottom and the turn, and moreover the part of the turn adjacent to the bottom is notched, which removes the part of the electromagnetic field which would have undergone coupling due to the presence of the bottom .
- These notches 11 formed in the turn are sealed by an electrical insulator which seals the crucible. They are generally arranged periodically and their length is of the order of a tenth of the height of the turn.
- the cooling of the walls of the crucible is carried out by means of small copper tubes 12 which are the seat of a forced circulation of fluid brought in and collected after use by two collectors 13 and 14 of larger diameters.
- the tubes 12 are generally circumferential. Only the cutouts 15 limited by the notches are cooled by circulation of fluid in bent tubes 16 winding along the cutouts.
- This oven can be adapted to continuous operation, the solid material being able to be introduced continuously and discharged in the form of liquid by overflowing using a chute not shown here fixed in the upper part of the coil, as is described in French patent application FR-A 2,540,982.
- the advantage of the invention consists in that the part (s) 5 allow (s) to operate with a higher voltage current without fear of the formation of an electric arc between the ends of the coil 1 : this voltage can be doubled in the case of an oven comprising only one of these parts. It is then possible to work with a turn of diameter twice as large, making it possible to process products with higher resistivity, which implies a heat exchange surface four times greater.
- the inductance and resistance of an inductor and therefore its impedance are proportional to the square of the number of turns.
- the material brought to the melting point is a borosilicate glass of the VR15F type sold by HPC.
- the loading of raw powder is made continuously on the surface and the evacuation of the molten glass takes place by overflow through a chute formed in the upper part of the inductor.
- Table 1 presents the main characteristics and the results of two tests carried out using a single-coil inductor with a diameter of 400 mm or 600 mm. For comparison, characteristics and results of a test carried out using an inductor two turns (diameter 300 mm) of the prior art, are given in the first column of this table.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8607970A FR2599482B1 (fr) | 1986-06-03 | 1986-06-03 | Four de fusion a induction haute frequence |
FR8607970 | 1986-06-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0248727A1 EP0248727A1 (fr) | 1987-12-09 |
EP0248727B1 true EP0248727B1 (fr) | 1990-09-12 |
Family
ID=9335942
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87401230A Expired - Lifetime EP0248727B1 (fr) | 1986-06-03 | 1987-06-02 | Four de fusion à induction haute fréquence |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4761528A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0248727B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPH01118088A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE3764871D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2017507B3 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2599482B1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4738713A (en) * | 1986-12-04 | 1988-04-19 | The Duriron Company, Inc. | Method for induction melting reactive metals and alloys |
DE3939017C2 (de) * | 1988-12-15 | 1998-07-02 | Blum Gmbh & Co E | Induktiv beheizbare Vorrichtung |
DE4106537A1 (de) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-09-03 | Degussa | Verfahren zum teilkontinuierlichen schmelzen keramischen materials in induktionsschmelzoefen mit sinterkrustentiegel, ein hierfuer geeigneter ofen und vorrichtung zum periodischen schmelzanstich |
US5304767A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1994-04-19 | Gas Research Institute | Low emission induction heating coil |
US5461215A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-10-24 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Fluid cooled litz coil inductive heater and connector therefor |
FR2797440B1 (fr) | 1999-08-13 | 2003-08-29 | Cerdec Ag | Procede de production de produits a base d'oxyde de zirconium cubique stabilise, produits obtenus par ce procede et leur utilisation |
US6727483B2 (en) | 2001-08-27 | 2004-04-27 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Method and apparatus for delivery of induction heating to a workpiece |
US6713737B1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2004-03-30 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | System for reducing noise from a thermocouple in an induction heating system |
US6956189B1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2005-10-18 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Alarm and indication system for an on-site induction heating system |
US7015439B1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2006-03-21 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Method and system for control of on-site induction heating |
US8038931B1 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2011-10-18 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | On-site induction heating apparatus |
US20040084443A1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-05-06 | Ulrich Mark A. | Method and apparatus for induction heating of a wound core |
US6911089B2 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2005-06-28 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | System and method for coating a work piece |
US20050230379A1 (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-10-20 | Vianney Martawibawa | System and method for heating a workpiece during a welding operation |
DE102006004637B4 (de) * | 2006-01-31 | 2010-01-07 | Schott Ag | Induktiv beheizbarer Skulltiegel, Schmelzanlage und Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Herstellen einer Glasschmelze |
DE102008004739A1 (de) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-23 | Schott Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen oder Läutern von Glasschmelzen |
DE102009033501B4 (de) * | 2009-07-15 | 2016-07-21 | Schott Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Schmelzen oder Läutern von Schmelzen |
KR101218923B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-15 | 2013-01-04 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | 유도코일과 용융로 일체형 유도가열식 저온용융로 |
CN103703170B (zh) * | 2011-06-06 | 2017-04-26 | Gtat公司 | 用于晶体生长装置的加热器组件 |
CN105043097A (zh) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 宁波新欣海天电炉有限公司 | 一种节能钢壳炉 |
CN105758178B (zh) * | 2016-05-12 | 2018-03-27 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | 整体式水冷铜坩埚 |
CN109612272B (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-10-16 | 山东迈科钨钼科技股份有限公司 | 一种基于余热洁净加热技术的高温硅钼棒熔炉 |
CN112113423B (zh) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-06-14 | 宁国市宏达电炉有限公司 | 用于感应加热炉的开放式炉架 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1975438A (en) * | 1931-09-09 | 1934-10-02 | Ugine Infra | Magnetic muffle or other body and method of varying the magnetic transformation thereof |
DE697555C (de) * | 1936-05-27 | 1940-10-17 | Heraeus Vacuumschmelze Akt Ges | Hochfrequenz-Induktionsofen |
FR1430192A (fr) * | 1964-12-29 | 1966-03-04 | Electro Refractaire | Four électrique à induction à haute fréquence |
FR1430962A (fr) * | 1964-12-29 | 1966-03-11 | Electro Refractaire | Procédé et appareil de fusion et solidification continues des réfractaires électrofondus |
FR1492063A (fr) * | 1966-04-05 | 1967-08-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Perfectionnement aux fours électriques haute fréquence pour la fabrication en continu de réfractaires électrofondus |
DE1802524B1 (de) * | 1968-10-11 | 1970-06-04 | Siemens Ag | Vorrichtung zum tiegelfreien Zonenschmelzen eines kristallinen Stabes,insbesondere Halbleiterstabes |
US3980853A (en) * | 1973-07-12 | 1976-09-14 | Daido Metal Company, Ltd. | Inductive body for high frequency induction heating |
JPS5826799B2 (ja) * | 1977-09-10 | 1983-06-04 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 誘導加熱炉 |
SU748918A1 (ru) * | 1977-12-26 | 1980-07-15 | Московский Ордена Ленина Энергетический Институт | Устройство дл индукционного нагрева |
FR2497050A1 (fr) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-06-25 | Saphymo Stel | Dispositif de fusion par induction directe en cage froide avec confinement electromagnetique de la charge fondue |
US4409451A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-10-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Induction furnace having improved thermal profile |
FR2531062A2 (fr) * | 1981-11-06 | 1984-02-03 | Saphymo Stel | Dispositif de fusion par induction directe de substances dielectriques du genre verres ou emaux |
FR2540982B1 (fr) * | 1983-02-14 | 1988-02-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de preparation de materiaux ceramiques par fusion par induction a haute frequence |
DE3316546C1 (de) * | 1983-05-06 | 1984-04-26 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Kalter Tiegel fuer das Erschmelzen und die Kristallisation nichtmetallischer anorganischer Verbindungen |
-
1986
- 1986-06-03 FR FR8607970A patent/FR2599482B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-05-26 US US07/053,805 patent/US4761528A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-02 ES ES87401230T patent/ES2017507B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-02 DE DE8787401230T patent/DE3764871D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-02 EP EP87401230A patent/EP0248727B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-03 JP JP62139628A patent/JPH01118088A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2599482A1 (fr) | 1987-12-04 |
DE3764871D1 (de) | 1990-10-18 |
FR2599482B1 (fr) | 1988-07-29 |
ES2017507B3 (es) | 1991-02-16 |
EP0248727A1 (fr) | 1987-12-09 |
JPH01118088A (ja) | 1989-05-10 |
US4761528A (en) | 1988-08-02 |
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