EP0247940B1 - Überwachungsvorrichtung mit Lichtwellenleiter - Google Patents

Überwachungsvorrichtung mit Lichtwellenleiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0247940B1
EP0247940B1 EP87401182A EP87401182A EP0247940B1 EP 0247940 B1 EP0247940 B1 EP 0247940B1 EP 87401182 A EP87401182 A EP 87401182A EP 87401182 A EP87401182 A EP 87401182A EP 0247940 B1 EP0247940 B1 EP 0247940B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
output
input
fibre
light
emission
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87401182A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0247940A1 (de
Inventor
Floréac Blanc
Claude Bonnejean
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/181—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/183—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems by interruption of a radiation beam or barrier
    • G08B13/186—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems by interruption of a radiation beam or barrier using light guides, e.g. optical fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fiber optic monitoring device.
  • An optical surveillance system uses two essential components: a light source and a photoreceptor.
  • the photoreceptor In the case of a device of the "direct barrier” type, the photoreceptor is arranged opposite the source.
  • a catadioptric reflector In the case of a so-called “reflex” barrier, a catadioptric reflector is also placed opposite the source and the photoreceptor is placed next to it. This arrangement can be used even without a reflector, if it is the specific reflectivity of the object to be detected that is used: an optical system called "proximity" is then obtained.
  • optical fibers have interesting qualities such as insensitivity to electromagnetic interference and the inviolability of the information they convey.
  • silica fibers there are additional advantages such as the low attenuation in the near infrared, the ease of installation (thanks to the small diameter and the great flexibility), the good temperature resistance and the good resistance. chemical attack and radiation.
  • optical fibers have been used recently not only in telecommunications, but also in the production of surveillance devices. Their applications are varied: intruder detection, object detection and counting, security, etc.
  • the 200 ⁇ m fibers are generally with a silica core and a plastic sheath or a silica core with a silica sheath, in a structure similar to that of multimode fibers used for telecommunications.
  • the optical attenuation they introduce remains negligible for lengths less than a hundred meters.
  • the 1 to 2 mm fibers are either plastic fibers (which are the cheapest), or bundled glass fibers.
  • the attenuation they introduce can reach several dB / m, which results in a significant reduction in the effective range of the associated system when using non-negligible fiber lengths (several meters).
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a fiber optic monitoring device.
  • a fiber optic monitoring device comprises a light-emitting diode 10 coupled to a transmission optical fiber 20, a photoreceptor 14 coupled to a reception optical fiber 22 and a control assembly 15.
  • This assembly includes a module 12 for controlling the emission of the diode light emitting 10, a preamplifier module 16 connected to the photoreceptor 14 and a preamplified signal processing module 30 connected to the preamplifier 16.
  • the assembly 15 further comprises a power supply unit 36 for the various modules, indicators 32 and outputs 34 (analog and / or logic).
  • the volume 21 between the free ends of the transmission 20 and reception 22 fibers corresponds to the surveillance zone.
  • the present invention according to claim 1 relates to an improvement of these devices.
  • it provides for a particular embodiment of the transmission module 12 and of the processing module 30, by means of which the light beam is modulated in all or nothing on transmission and demodulated according to a synchronous demodulation technique on reception.
  • the circuit parameters have been chosen for an optimal signal-to-noise ratio.
  • an increase in range of a factor of 20 to 50 has been obtained compared to existing systems whose performance is indicated in the previous table.
  • a specific fiber tip is provided to avoid spurious signals and improve the detection conditions.
  • the module 12 for controlling the emission of the light-emitting diode is shown in FIG. 2. It comprises an oscillator 40 generating a series of pulses H having a repetition frequency 2F, a first flip-flop 42 of type JK at an input connected to the oscillator 40 and with two complementary outputs delivering two complementary logic signals Qa and Qa of repetition frequency F.
  • the module also includes a first monostable 44 connected to the oscillator and delivering a signal F, a second monostable 46 connected to the first 44 and delivering a signal G, a second flip-flop of type JK referenced 48 having an input connected to the second monostable 46 and two complementary outputs delivering two complementary logic signals Qb and Qb.
  • a synchronization selector 50 has 4 inputs connected respectively to the 4 outputs of the two flip-flops of the JK type, ie 42, 48 and an output delivering any of the four signals Qa, Qa, Ob, Qb.
  • the module is completed by an output stage 43 the input of which is connected to the first output of the first flip-flop of type JK 42 and receives the signal Qa and the output is connected to the light-emitting diode 10.
  • Figure 3 shows the shape of the H, F, G, Qa, Qb signals.
  • the pulses Qa and Ob are offset from each other by a duration t, this duration being adjustable using the monostables 44 and 46. In this way, it is possible to obtain, as synchronization signal, a pulse whose rising edge will be synchronous with the rising edge of the pulse of the reception signal, and this regardless of the delays and phase inversions introduced by the reception circuits.
  • the synchronization signal is finally conveyed by a connection 26 to the module 30 for synchronous detection.
  • This is preceded by a pre-amplifier module which is illustrated in Figure 4.
  • This module comprises a current-voltage amplifier 52 whose input is connected to the photoreceptor 14.
  • This amplifier comprises a resistor 54 mounted in reaction. It is coupled by a capacitor 56 to a voltage amplifier 58 equipped with a diode limiter 60 mounted in reaction.
  • the output of amplifier 58 delivers a preamplified signal which is conveyed by a connection 24, to the detection module 30.
  • this module comprises an input connected to the output of the preamplifier module 16 by connection 24, a bandpass filter 62, an amplifier 64 connected to the filter; this amplifier comprises, mounted in reaction, a gain selector 66 composed of resistors and a diode limiter intended to avoid saturation of the following circuits.
  • the synchronous detection circuit proper comprises two complementary channels each comprising an amplifier respectively 70/1, 70/2 of gains + G and -G and a sampler respectively 72/1, 72/2; these samplers are respectively controlled by the synchronization signal as delivered by the synchronization selector 50 and by a complementary signal obtained thanks to a logic inverter 74.
  • the circuit shown also comprises a low-pass filter 76 connected to the two samplers 72/1 , 72/2, an amplifier 78 having an output which constitutes an analog output 34 'for the processing module 30, a threshold circuit 80 connected to the amplifier 78, this circuit having an output which constitutes a logic output 34 "for the processing module 30.
  • the two outputs 34 'and 34 "constitute the outputs 34 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the processing module 30 further comprises a timer circuit 82 connected to the output of the threshold circuit 80.
  • This timer circuit has an inhibit input 83 and an output connected to a compound alarm circuit a relay 86 and an alarm 88 (audible or visual).
  • the detection module is capable of extracting from the noisy signal that it receives the information constituted by the component at the frequency F, which is the excitation frequency of the light-emitting diode.
  • the filter 62 is a bandpass filter centered on this frequency.
  • the output of timer circuit 82 can be inhibited by a signal applied to the input inhibition 83.
  • This signal is produced by a device for detecting the possible failure of the light-emitting diode. Two embodiments of this device are illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • FIG. 6 first of all, we see the light-emitting diode 10 which emits in the optical fiber 20, and an electrical circuit comprising an amplifier 82 receiving the voltage applied to the diode and / or an amplifier 86 receiving a signal corresponding to the current circulating in the diode.
  • a comparator circuit 88 makes it possible to trigger a signal on a connection 84 in the event of a voltage and / or current anomaly. It is this signal which is applied to the inhibition input 83 of the circuit 82 of FIG. 5.
  • the means illustrated in FIG. 7 it is of optoelectronic nature, in the sense that it comprises an auxiliary optical fiber 89 taking part of the light emitted by the diode 10, a photoreceptor 90 and a control circuit 92.
  • the circuit 92 delivers a signal on the connection 84 which will inhibit the circuit 82.
  • the device shown comprises an emission connector 96 facing the diode 10, a Y-shaped coupler referenced 97 and two fibers 89 and 20, the first being returned to the assembly 100 by an auxiliary connector 98.
  • the control device 92 is located in the assembly 100.
  • the receiving fiber 22 is connected to this assembly by a third connector 99.
  • a Y-shaped coupler 100 makes it possible to join the fibers 20 and 22 into a single fiber 112 which guides both the transmission beam and the reception beam.
  • the device operates as a proximity detector and the object to be detected 113 must be located towards the end of the single fiber 112.
  • operation as a reflex barrier can also to be obtained.
  • the device of FIG. 10 works a little differently thanks to the use of a second Y coupler, ie 114, which makes it possible to divide the single fiber into two fibers 116 and 118.
  • the interval 120 is the detection zone.
  • the device then operates as a "barrier".
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 again relate to a device with two distinct fibers, one for transmission 20 and the other for reception 22. At their end, these fibers are combined in a nozzle 130 in the form of a sleeve pierced with two channels allowing the passage of fibers.
  • a lens 132 can advantageously be placed in front of the tip.
  • the object to be detected 134 is located in front of the lens.
  • the light beam which escapes from the emission fiber is "focused" in the area where the object is likely to be located and the beam reflected by it is partly reintroduced into the reception fiber 22.
  • This arrangement can however have a drawback due to the fact that part I of the incident light is reflected on the entry face of the lens 132 and gives rise to a return beam which could make one believe in the permanent presence of a object.
  • This cover 136 is formed from a blade placed substantially in the median plane of the fibers 20 and 22.
  • the channel which must receive the emission fiber is drilled in the axis of the nozzle 130 and the lens 132 is centered on this axis.
  • the beam which emanates from the end of the emission fiber 20 then expands according to the radii indicated in the figure.
  • the beam partially reflected by the entry face of the lens 132 is intercepted by the cover and cannot therefore be introduced into the receiving fiber. Optimization of this principle is possible by adding a mirror 137.
  • the rays returned by the object to be detected or by the reflector 133 tend to converge towards the end of the emission fiber, however, a lot of 'between them are intercepted by the mirror 137 where they are reflected to effectively converge towards the symmetrical zone of the end of the emission fiber with respect to the plane of the mirror. For optimal operation, this is precisely where the end of the receiving fiber must be.
  • the mirror effect can be obtained by making the rear face of the cover 136 reflective by optical polishing with or without layer deposition. The role of transmitting and receiving fibers can be reversed.
  • FIG. 13 we see a transmission fiber 20 split, using a Y coupler 150, into two fibers 151 and 152 terminated by two transmission ends 153, 154.
  • the fiber of reception is split, using a Y coupler 160, into two fibers 161, 162 terminated by two reception ends 163, 164.
  • the light beams emitted by each of the ends 153 and 154 are received by the reception ends 163, 164, either directly or crosswise.
  • the tip 163 can receive light from both the tip 153 and the tip 154.
  • the two paths (direct and crossed) must be interrupted simultaneously.
  • the distance between the two transmitters will be given a value depending on the installation, for example 20 cm.
  • more than two transmission and reception fibers can be used, for example triplets or quadruplets.
  • the device which has just been described is used not only for detecting intruders, but can also be used for detecting products, bodies, substances, levels, interfaces, etc.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Überwachungsvorrichtung mit Lichtwellenleitern mit einer Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10), die an einen Emissionslichtwellenleiter (20) gekoppelt ist, einem Photoempfänger (14), der an einen Empfangslichtwellenleiter (22) gekoppelt ist, und einer Steuerungseinheit (15), die ein Steuerungsmodul (12) für die Emission der Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10) mit einem Oszillator (40), ein Vorverstärkermodul (16), das mit dem Photoempfänger (14) verbunden ist, und ein Modul (30) zur Bearbeitung des verstärkten Signals umfaßt, das mit dem Vorverstärker (16) verbunden ist, der einen mit dem Oszillator verbundenen Schaltkreis zur synchronen Detektion umfaßt, wobei die Vorrichtung gekennzeichnet ist durch die Tatsache, daß:
a) der Oszillator (40) in dem Steuerungsmodul (12) für die Emission eine Pulsfolge (H) mit einer Wiederholfrequenz 2F erzeugt, wobei das Modul außerdem ein erstes JK-Flip-Flop (42) mit einem mit dem Oszillator (40) verbundenen Eingang und zwei komplementären Ausgängen, die zwei komplementäre, logische Signale Oa und Qa mit Widerholfrequenz F erzeugen, einen ersten monostabilen Multivibrator (44), dessen Eingang mit dem Oszillator verbunden ist, einen zweiten monostabilen Multivibrator (46), dessen Eingang mit den Ausgang der ersten monstabilen Multivibrators (44) verbunden ist, ein zweite JK-Flip-Flop (48) mit einem Eingang, der mit dem Ausgang des zweiten monostabilen Multivibrators (46) verbunden ist, und zwei komplementären Ausgängen, die zwei komplementäre, logische Signal Qb und Ob erzeugen, einen Synchronisationsschalter (50) mit 4 Eingängen, die jeweils mit den 4 Ausgängen der zwei JK-Flip-Flops (42, 48) verbunden sind, und einem Ausgang, der eines der vier Signale Qa, Qa, Qb, Ob erzeugt, und eine Ausgangsstufe (43) umfaßt, die mit dem ersten Ausgang des ersten JK-Flip-Flops (42) verbunden ist und das Signal Qa erhält, und mit einem Ausgang, der mit der Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10) verbunden ist.
b) das Bearbeitungsmodul (30) einen Eingang umfaßt, der mit dem Ausgang des Vorverstärkermoduls (16) verbunden ist, der über ein Bandpaßfilter mit dem Eingang eines ersten Verstärkers (64) verbunden ist, wobei der synchrone Detektionsschaltkreis zwei komplementäre Pfade umfaßt, die jeweils einen Verstärker (70/1, 70/2), dessen Eingang mit dem Ausgang des ersten Verstärkers (64) verbunden ist und dessen Ausgang mit dem Eingang eines jeweiligen Tasters (72/1, 72/2) verbunden ist, wobei diese Taster jeweils von dem Synchronisationssignal, das von dem Synchronisationsschalter (50) erzeugt wird und von dem komplementären Signal, das von einem logischen Inverter (74) erhalten wird, gesteuert werden, wobei der Ausgang dieser Taster (72/1, 72/2) mit dem Eingang eines Tiefpaßfilters (76) verbunden ist, dessen Ausgang mit einem Verstärker (78) verbunden ist, der einen Ausgang besitzt, der einen Analogausgang (34') für das Bearbeitungsmodul (30) darstellt, wobei der Eingang eines Schwellwertschaltkreises (80) mit dem Ausgang des letzten Verstärkers (78) verbunden ist, dessen Ausgang einen logischen Ausgang (34") für das Bearbeitungsmodul (30) darstellt.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß das Bearbeitungsmodul (30) außerdem einen Verzögerungsschaltkreis (82) umfaßt, der mit dem Ausgang des Schwellwertsschaltkreises (80) verbunden ist und einen Sperreingang (83) und einen Ausgang besitzt, der mit einem Alarmschaltkreis (86, 88) verbunden ist, wobei die Steuerungsanordnung (15) außerdem eine Detektionsvorrichtung für das eventuelle Versagen der Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10) umfaßt, wobei diese Vorrichtung den Sperreingang (83) steuert.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß die Vorrichtung zur Detektion des Versagens der Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10) eine elektronische Vorrichtung (82, 86, 88) umfaßt, die empfindlich ist für die angelegte Spannung oder den Strom, der durch die Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10) fließt.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß die Vorrichtung zur Detektion des Versagens der Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10) eine optische Vorrichtung (89, 90, 92) umfaßt, die empfindlich ist für das von der Diode emittierte Licht.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß der Emissionslichtwellenleiter (20) und der Empfangslichtwellenleiter (22) an ihrem Ende durch einen Kabelring (130) in der Form einer Manschette, die von zwei Kanälen durchbohrt ist, die den Durchgang der Lichtwellenleiter ermöglichen, verbunden sind.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß der Kabelring (130) sich in einer optischen Verkleidung (136) verlängert, die von einer ebenen Lamelle gebildet wird, die in der mittleren Ebene, die die beiden Enden der Emissions- (20) und Empfangs- (22) lichtwellenleiter trennt, angeordnet ist.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß der Emissionslichtwellenleiter (20) in der Achse des Kabelrings (130) zentriert ist und daß die Verkleidung wenigstens eine reflektierende Seite (137) umfaßt.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß der Emissionslichtwellenleiter und der Empfangslichtwellenleiter in einer einzigen Faser (112) verschmolzen sind, wobei diese Faser an einem Ende mit einem optischen Y-Koppler (110) gekoppelt sind, wobei die beiden Enden der beiden Zweige des Y über die beiden Lichtwellenleitern (20, 22) jeweils mit der Elektrolumineszenzdiode (10) und dem Photoempfänger (14) verbunden sind.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß das Ende des einzelnen Lichtwellenleiters (112), das dem mit einem optischen Koppler (110) versehen Ende gegenüberliegt, selbst auch mit einem optischen Y-Koppler (114) mit zwei Empfangs-Emissionslichtwellenleitern (116, 118), die mit den Enden der beiden Zweige des Y verbunden sind, versehen ist.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß die Emissions- (20) und Empfangs- (22) lichtwellenleiter durch Y-Koppler (150,160) wenigstens gespalten sind (151, 152, 161, 162).
EP87401182A 1986-05-30 1987-05-26 Überwachungsvorrichtung mit Lichtwellenleiter Expired - Lifetime EP0247940B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8607809 1986-05-30
FR8607809A FR2599532A1 (fr) 1986-05-30 1986-05-30 Dispositif de surveillance a fibres optiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0247940A1 EP0247940A1 (de) 1987-12-02
EP0247940B1 true EP0247940B1 (de) 1991-01-23

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EP87401182A Expired - Lifetime EP0247940B1 (de) 1986-05-30 1987-05-26 Überwachungsvorrichtung mit Lichtwellenleiter

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US (1) US4797547A (de)
EP (1) EP0247940B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3767565D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2599532A1 (de)

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KR900000230B1 (ko) * 1987-07-14 1990-01-23 삼성전자 주식회사 주파수 검출기를 이용한 광전스위치
US5187361A (en) * 1989-04-25 1993-02-16 Copal Company Limited Object detection apparatus of the photoelectric reflection type with sampled data
US5233185A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-08-03 Gmi Holdings, Inc. Light beam detector for door openers using fiber optics
JP3986162B2 (ja) * 1998-06-03 2007-10-03 株式会社キーエンス 多重投光検出可能な多光軸光電スイッチ
EP2896025A1 (de) * 2012-09-13 2015-07-22 MBDA UK Limited Vorrichtung und verfahren zur erfassung der raumbelegung
EP2709080A1 (de) * 2012-09-13 2014-03-19 MBDA UK Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Zimmerbelegung
EP3046086A1 (de) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-20 MBDA UK Limited Gebäudeüberwachungssystem basierend auf Lichtleitern
CA2973651A1 (en) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-21 Mbda Uk Limited Building monitoring system
FI127849B (en) 2015-03-04 2019-04-15 Kalvotuonti I M P I Oy Optical security seal device and intelligent tracking system thereof
CN116155245B (zh) * 2023-04-21 2023-07-28 苏州领慧立芯科技有限公司 跨时钟域低电平脉冲同步电路和低电平脉冲同步方法

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JPH0664157B2 (ja) * 1983-05-12 1994-08-22 綜合警備保障株式会社 光ファイバを用いた異常検知装置
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US4797547A (en) 1989-01-10
EP0247940A1 (de) 1987-12-02
FR2599532A1 (fr) 1987-12-04
DE3767565D1 (de) 1991-02-28

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