Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
  • C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
  • C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a scratch inhibiting agent for inhibiting scratches generated or expanded on the surfaces of siliceous inorganic products (or articles) such as glass bottles, substrates of electric devices, and tableware.
• Siliceous inorganic products such as glass bottles are generally recycled after washing with hot aqueous alkaline solutions at a recovery step.
• fine flaws are generated on the surfaces of the glass bottles by impingement and friction during the recovery step.
• These portions are further attacked at an alkali washing step to generate scratches (i.e., the generation of whitened portions on the surfaces of the bottles).
• the scratches are expanded with the increase in the number of times the glass bottles are recycled, and as a result, the fine appearance of glass bottles is impaired and the commercial value of bottled beverages is decreased.
• Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 57-179053 discloses a method for coating a water-resistant silicone resin on the surface of a glass bottle. Furthermore, it is known that a washing solution containing a small amount of sodium gluconate as a scratch inhibiting agent in an aqueous alkaline solution can be used (see Senjyo of Shokuhin Kogyo (i.e., Washing in Food Industries), Chapter 5, bottle washing method, pages 120-160).
• the former method is disadvantageous in that the process becomes complicated because of the necessity for an additional step for coating the surfaces of glass bottles with water-resistant silicon resins, and because the chemical agent cost becomes high due to the use of the expensive silicon resins.
• the latter method is disadvantageous in that the effect of sodium gluconate for inhibiting scratches on the surface of glass bottles is low and the possible number of times the bottle can be reused is small, although the washing process is simple and the chemical agent cost is not expensive.
• An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages in the prior art and to provide a novel scratch inhibiting agent suitable for effectively inhibiting the generation of scratches on the surfaces of siliceous inorganic products, without decreasing the detergent power of an aqueous alkaline solution.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for washing a siliceous inorganic product such as a glass bottle.
• the rate of increase in the scratch area can be decreased to approximately one third of that caused by using the conventional sodium gluconate, when the present scratch inhibiting agent is used as an additive for preventing the generation or expansion of scratches at a washing step for siliceous inorganic products such as glass bottles.
• the number of times that the inorganic products can be reused is increased approximately 3-fold when compared to the case of a sodium gluconate wash.
• polycarboxylic acids having a molecular weight of 5000 to 20000, and the alkali metal salts thereof, such as; Acrylic acid homopolymers Methacrylic acid homopolymers Acrylic acid - methacrylic acid copolymer Acrylic acid - maleic anhydride copolymers Methacrylic acid - maleic anhydride copolymers Acrylic acid - fumaric acid copolymers Methacrylic acid - fumaric acid copolymers Acrylic acid - itaconic acid copolymers Methacrylic acid - itaconic acid copolymers
• the siliceous inorganic products for which the scratch inhibiting agent of the present invention is used for preventing the generation or expansion of scratches during the alkali washing, include, for example, glass products such as glass bottles and glass tableware, and ceramics such as the ceramic substrates of electric devices or parts (special glass, rock crystal), and ceramic tableware.
• the scratch inhibiting agent according to the present invention may be used alone prior to the alkali washing of the siliceous inorganic products, the present scratch inhibiting agent is generally or preferably added to an aqueous alkaline solution to be used at an alkali washing step.
• the present scratch inhibiting agent may be added over a wide range of addition to the aqueous alkali solution, the preferable addition amount of the present scratch inhibiting agent is 1.0% to 20% by weight, more preferably 5% to 15% by weight, based on the amount of the alkali (e.g., sodium hydroxide).
• the preferable aqueous alkali solutions are those containing, for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium phosphate, sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate. In view of the washing power and economical advantages, the use of sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate is most preferable.
• the preferable alkali concentration is 0.5% to 10% by weight, more preferably 1% to 6% by weight.
• the preferable washing temperature is 60°C to 100°C, more preferably 70°C to 90°C, to increase the decomposition power by alkali of animal and vegetable oils.
• the scratch inhibiting agent according to the present invention can effectively prevent the generation and expansion of scratches on the surfaces of siliceous inorganic products, without decreasing the washing power of the aqueous alkali solutions.
• the number of times that the siliceous inorganic products can be reused is greatly increased.
• first aqueous alkaline solutions containing, for example, 0.5% to 10% by weight, preferably 1% to 6% by weight, of an alkali , (e.g., sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate) and 1% to 20% by weight, preferably 5% to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the alkali, of the scratch inhibiting agent are used for preventing the generation or expansion of the scratch areas.
• an alkali e.g., sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate
• 1% to 20% by weight preferably 5% to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the alkali, of the scratch inhibiting agent
• second aqueous alkaline solutions containing, for example, 0.4% to 7% by weight, preferably 0.4% to 4% by weight, of an alkali (e.g., sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate) and 1% to 20% by weight, preferably 5% to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the alkali, of the gluconic acid or the salt thereof are used.
• the alkali concentration of the second washing solution is preferably less than that of the first washing solution, particularly 0.2 to 0.7 times of that of the first washing solution to obtain good results.
• the glass bottle washing can be carried out in any conventional manner, except that the first and second aqueous alkaline solutions are used. That is, in the conventional glass bottle washing process, glass bottles are washed consecutively with the same kind of a washing solution in a plurality of washing baths. In the practice of the present-washing system, glass bottles are first washed in, for example, 1 to 5 consecutive washing baths with the first washing solution, and then washed in, for example, 1 to 5 consecutive washing baths with the second washing solution.
• the generation and expansion of the scratches are effectively prevented and also the iron rust in the cap portions of the glass bottles are effectively removed.
• Test pieces of glass bottles having a size of 3 cm in length x 5 cm in breadth were cut from glass bottles having a thickness of 4 mm.
• the test pieces were rubbed together to form fine flaws within a definite area on the surfaces of the test pieces.
• the test pieces were then dipped in a water bath filled with an aqueous washing solution containing 4% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.4% by weight (i.e., 10% by weight based on the alkali) of a scratch inhibiting agent listed in Table 1.
• the test pieces were washed at a constant temperature of 80°C for 60 minutes.
• the washing power of the alkali washing was evaluated by washing test pieces having about 130 mg of soybean oily soil adhered to the surface of each piece. After washing, the remaining oil was guantitatively determined by a Soxhelt extractor. The removal efficiency of the oily soil was calculated according to the formula (2).
• Test pieces having a size of 3 cm in length x 5 cm in breadth were cut from glass cups having a thickness of 2 mm. The test pieces were rubbed together to form fine flaws within a definite area'on the surfaces of the test pieces. The test pieces were then dipped in a water bath filled with aqueous alkali washing solution containing 2% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.2% by weight (i.e., 10% by weight based on the alkali) of a scratch inhibiting agent listed in Table 4. The test pieces were washed at a constant temperature of 80°C for 60 minutes.
• test pieces after treatment were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.
• Test pieces having a size of 3 cm in length x 5 cm in breadth were cut from siliceous substrates for electric devices having a thickness of 1 mm. The test pieces were then dipped in a water bath filled with an aqueous alkali washing solution containing 1% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.1% by weight (i.e., 10% by weight based on the alkali) of a scratch inhibiting agent listed in Table 5. The test pieces were washed at a constant temperature of 70°C for 60 minutes.
• test pieces after treatment were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 5.
• the liquid on the slide glass was further dried at a temperature of 105°C for one hour, and after allowing to cool, the weight of the slide glass was measured.
• the rusted slide glass was placed in a Leenuts -washing power tester, which is generally used in a detergent power test for food detergent.
• the slide glass having rust soil thereon was washed in 700 ml of washing solutions at 250 rpm at a temperature of 80°C for one hour.
• the first aqueous washing solution contained 4.0% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.4% by weight of the additive listed in Table 6 and the second aqueous washing solution contained 2.0% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.2% by weight of the additive listed in Table 6.
• 3000 ppm, in terms of aluminum, of sodium aluminate was added to the washing solutions so that the effect of aluminum caused by an aluminum label, which may be used in actual bottles, was obviated.
• the scratch inhibiting test and the rust removal test were carried out as follows.
• the first washing solution contained 4.0% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.4% by weight of the additive listed in Table 6 and the second aqueous washing solution contained 2.0% by weight of sodium hydroxide and 0.2% by weight of the additive listed in Table 6. Furthermore, 3000 ppm, in terms of aluminum, of sodium aluminate was added to the washing solutions so that the effect of aluminum caused by an aluminum label, which may be used in actual bottles, was obviated.
• the rate of increase (%) of the scratch area in Sample No. 4 is approximately three fifth (i.e., 3/5) of that in Sample No. 1. This means that, when the bottle No. 1 can be recycled, for example, 15 times, the bottle No. 4 washed according to the present invention can be recycled 25 times. Thus, the economical advantage of the present invention is great.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

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Cited By (4)

Citations (1)

• 1987
  • 1987-01-30 JP JP2032087A patent/JPS62283200A/ja active Pending
  • 1987-02-04 EP EP87301004A patent/EP0235961A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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