EP0235218A1

EP0235218A1 - Process for constructing a sloping wall or embankment in particular a sound-proofing embankment.

Info

Publication number: EP0235218A1
Application number: EP86905264A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Peter Mohr
Original assignee: HUESKER SYNTHETIK GmbH and CO; HUESKER SYNTHETIC KG
Current assignee: Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
Priority date: 1985-08-23
Filing date: 1986-08-12
Publication date: 1987-09-09
Also published as: DE3666599D1; DE3530124A1; WO1987001148A1; EP0235218B1

Abstract

Un remblai ou un talus, surtout un talus insonorisant, est construit à l'aide de sacs en forme de tube et résistant au pourissement (1, 2) remplis de matériaux granulés ou sablonneux, servant de matériaux de construction. Les sacs sont empilés en rangées de manière à s'imbriquer, et sont placés selon l'angle de pente. Les sacs (1) de la rangée au niveau du sol ainsi que de chaque rangée impaire sont placés à angle droit par rapport au mur, et les sacs (2) de chaque rangée paire sont placés dans le sens longitudinal du mur, les sacs étant supportés sur au moins deux sacs situés perpendiculairement au mur. Les sacs (1) situés perpendiculairement au mur sont placés à des intervalles de 20 à 80 cm, et les ouvertures ainsi créées entre les sacs sont remplies de terre et au moins partiellement d'humus, de sorte que des niches pour plantes sont réalisées dans le mur en pente composé de sacs (1, 2), présentant ainsi une couverture de verdure assurée pour le mur.An embankment or embankment, especially a sound absorbing embankment, is constructed using tube-shaped and rot-resistant bags (1, 2) filled with granular or sandy materials, used as building materials. The bags are stacked in rows so as to nest, and are placed according to the slope angle. The bags (1) of the row at ground level as well as of each odd row are placed at right angles to the wall, and the bags (2) of each even row are placed in the longitudinal direction of the wall, the bags being supported on at least two bags located perpendicular to the wall. The bags (1) located perpendicular to the wall are placed at intervals of 20 to 80 cm, and the openings thus created between the bags are filled with soil and at least partially with humus, so that niches for plants are made in the sloping wall composed of bags (1, 2), thus providing a cover of greenery provided for the wall.

Description

Description: Process for producing an embankment wall or wall, in particular a noise protection wall. The invention is based on a process for producing an embankment wall or a wall, in particular a noise protection wall, using hose-like, rot-proof, filled with granular or sandy material bags as a building material, which in layers eπt- speaking the slope angle offset in the composite progestin ^• be pelt, wherein the bags of the bottom layer and each wei¬ direct odd 'layer are transversely moved to the wall and the S blocks each geradza-h1 strength position in the longitudinal direction of the wall, whereby they are supported on at least two sacks lying transversely to the wall. A method of this type for producing a noise barrier is known from DE-OS 29 17 414. In the known method, the bags are filled with solid granules of waste products, such as industrial, river or sewage sludge, and the sacks filled in this way are stacked to form a wall, which is spanned with a wire mesh and overmolded with a water-repellent cement mortar. The known method for producing a noise barrier has the disadvantage that it can only be planted very poorly because only a relatively thin, plantable humus layer can be applied to the layer of water-repellent cement mortar. This vegetable layer dries out easily, so that the vegetation is destroyed by both drought and cold.

The object of the present invention is to create a method with which the creation of an up to 80 ° inclined slope wall is possible, which can be planted in an excellent manner.

Based on the method mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the sacks to be laid transversely to the wall are laid at intervals of 20 to 80 cm and the gaps thus formed between the sacks are filled with soil and at least partially with humus. The slope wall thus created has plant niches between the sacks placed transversely to the wall, which are filled with humus or a mixture of humus and soil and which are connected to the soil of the slope or to the earth building materials of the core of the wall. In this way, natural irrigation of the planting is ensured.

The sacks to be laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall are expediently only laid in the front area of the sacks lying transversely to the wall and the area located behind them is filled with filling soil. This filling lies partly on the sacks lying transversely to the wall and partly on the filling of the gaps.

So that the entire slope wall can be greened and grown through, the sacks consist of an open grid fabric with a mesh size of at least 1 mm and these sacks are filled with a mixture of topsoil, mixed soil, gravel, sand or silt.

The slope wall or earth wall can be erected from below without the use of formwork and scaffolding. The construction process is flexible, so that the slope wall can be adapted to the respective requirements and conditions by means of arches and recesses. The sack fabric consists of highly tear-resistant polyester threads which have good resistance to rotting. Because of the grid 1 Structure of the sack fabric does not hinder the rooting of the sack filling by grasses, shrubs and trees. This ensures that the slope wall is first reinforced by the fabric of the sacks, later

5 additionally through rooting. The flatter the slope angle, the greater the distance between the sacks laid across the wall.

Further features of the invention emerge from the patent claims. ^• tO In the following description, exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawings. These show in:

1 shows a front view of a slope wall produced according to the invention,

15

2 shows a sectional view through a slope wall with anchoring,

3 shows a sectional view according to FIG. 2 with a modified anchoring,

4 shows a sectional view of a herge according to the invention

20 provided noise barriers,

5 shows a sectional view of a curtain cover which can be planted according to the invention,

6 top view of a short sack,

Fig. 7 top view of a long sack.

25

When erecting the embankment walls shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, leek-shaped, rot-proof and short sacks 1 and long sacks 2 filled with earth, sand, mixed soils and the like are used as building material

30 used. The sacks 1 and 2 are stacked in layers according to the embankment angle, the sacks 1 of the ground layer and any other odd-numbered layer being laid transversely to the wall and the sacks 2 of each even-numbered layer being laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall

35 will be. The longer bags 2, which are laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall and smaller in diameter, are supported on at least two bags 1 lying transversely to the wall. The across short sacks 1 laid to the wall have distances of 20 to 50 cm from one another and the gaps 3 thus created between sacks 1 are filled with soil and at least partly with humus. These gaps 3 between the bags 1 form plant niches, from where the greening of the embankment wall begins.

The bottom position - of the sacks 1 laid at a distance from one another and laid transversely to the slope wall lies on a plateau 4 which is inclined backwards by 5 to 15 °, in particular by 10 °. The following layers of the short bags lying transversely to the wall are also inclined backwards. The space or the gaps 3 between the short bags 1 is filled with a soil mixture that is favorable for the desired planting. An approximately 15 cm thick layer 5 of filling soil is applied to each layer of sacks 1 laid transversely to the wall, and is rolled or shaken. To secure this filling 1 bottom layer 5 against erosion, an earth-filled long sack 2, which is smaller in diameter than the short sacks 1 laid transversely to the wall, is laid on the front edge of the sacks 1 laid transversely to the wall.

The short bags 1 are empty about 100 cm long and 85 cm wide. The long bags 2 are about 150 cm long and 32 cm wide. After filling these bags 1 and 2 with humus, humus soil mixture, sand, silt, gravel and mixtures thereof, the following dimensions result for bags 1 and 2: short bag 1: length approx. 85 cm, width approx. 55 cm and height about 25 cm.

Long sack: length: 135 cm, width 25 cm, height 15 cm.

The short sacks 1, which are laid transversely to the wall, are laid with their collar inwards, so that the sack bottoms are located on the outer wall. The ones running along the wall Long bags 2 can be attached to the short bags 1 located underneath to increase stability. The attachment can be done by clipping, for example using steel hooks and also by gluing or tying.

In the case of soils with a favorable angle of repose and sufficient cohesion, the earth pressure that occurs is compensated for by the active earth pressure that is applied by the wall formed from bags 1 and 2. In the case of steeper embankment walls and higher embankment walls, one or more sack layers must be anchored back.

As shown in FIG. 2, a coarse-mesh grid fabric 6 with an overhang is laid out on the fourth filling.

After laying the next layer of sacks 1 lying transversely to the wall, the overhanging part of the coarse-mesh lattice fabric 6 is knocked back and installed or anchored in the bed of the wall core or the embankment core. In stony soils, the penetration of the mesh fabric with stones provides sufficient interlocking to absorb the tensile forces. In the case of fine-grained floors, additional anchoring is required.

As shown in FIG. 3, the anchoring can be carried out by sacks 7 laid at the rear, around which the coarse-mesh grid fabric 5 is wrapped. The overlapping ends of the coarse-mesh lattice fabric are to be connected to one another, for example to be clamped or tied together.

The upper layers of two steep walls of a noise protection wall can also be anchored in this way 4 shows a noise protection wall with two approximately 75 ° steep embankment walls, in which every second layer of bags lying transversely to the walls are anchored to one another. The anchoring takes place here by means of ropes, cords or plastic-coated steel wires 8, which act on the constricted rosettes of the bags 1. Such a noise barrier requires a small footprint and can therefore also be built in densely built-up areas.

FIG. 5 shows a technical security structure with posts 9, to which a cover that can be planted with greenery is suspended. The posts 9 can be ram piles or bored piles or double T-Profi 1 e within a concrete wall or a wall. Sacks 1 of every second layer of sacks 1 extending transversely to the wall are fastened to these posts 9 by means of ropes 8. The ropes 8 can be formed by the closing cords of the bags 1. These ropes 8 can be attached directly to the ^' post 9 ^' or else to ropes or steel rods 10 which are stretched between these posts 9.

The method according to the invention for erecting a steep slope wall which can be planted in an excellent manner can be carried out without the use of formwork and scaffolding. The process is flexible and offers great design options. The mesh fabric of bags 1 and 2 is expediently PVC-coated. This gives the sacks high mechanical strength and can therefore be easily installed by hand or by machine. The sheathing can be chosen so that its strength drops considerably after two to five years, so that the polyester threads of the lattice grow as the roots grow ¬ tissue can be shifted and even thicker roots grow through the mesh of bags 1 and 2. The tear strength of the polyester threads of the bags remains essentially unchanged. Due to the good rooting, the steep slope wall is secured against washing out.

The embankment wall produced according to the invention has the advantage that it can also be repaired with little effort, provided that the sacks should tear due to greater mechanical stresses, for example as a result of a car accident. The tears in the bags 1 and 2 can be closed by simply sewing them together or pulling them together using a binding wire. A strip of a coarse mesh can also be attached over a larger damaged area. The attachment can be done by sewing, stapling or using pegs.

Since a noise barrier built along a freeway is not damaged by car accidents, it is recommended - as Fig. 3 shows - to store an approximately 1.5 m high earth embankment with a slope of 1: 1, 5 on the steep slope. It has been shown that most vehicles coming off a freeway only approach an embankment up to this height.

6 and 7 show plan views of an empty short sack 1 and an empty long sack 2. The shapes of these sacks 1 and 2 are also shown in the filled state in phantom lines. The short bag 1 shown is 100 cm long and 85 cm wide. The long sack 2 shown in FIG. 7 is 150 cm long and 34 cm wide. Both sacks are made of highly tear-resistant polyester threads, which have a low elongation even under permanent load.

Depending on the laying technique, the sizes of the short bags 1 and long bags 2 used can be considerably larger than those previously described. The short sacks to be laid transversely to the wall expediently have a seamless bottom and two side seams 11. Before they are filled, these sacks can be turned over so that the protruding sack edges lie on the inside and do not appear disruptive.

Two eyelets 12 are inserted on both sides of the short sack 1. With the help of these eyelets, the sacks, which are laid transversely to the wall, can be connected to one another via spacers 14. The spacers 14 effect a longitudinal bond and facilitate the precise spacing of the sacks 1. So that a filled and closed sack cannot open under load, several eyelets 13 are punched into the sack collar, through which a cord is closed when the sacks 1 are closed , a rope or the like is pulled through according to a duffel bag closure. The closing cord itself or a rope 8 engaging thereon can serve to anchor the short sacks 1.

The long sack 2 has a bottom seam 15 and a side seam 16. Furthermore, eyelets 17 are provided on the sack bottom and eyelets 18 are provided on the sack waistband. The eyelets 18 serve to close the long bag 2 with the help of the eyelets 17 and 18, but the long bags can also be connected to one another and also to the short bags 1. To connect the long sacks to one another, the closing cord is expediently drawn, which is pulled through the eyelets 18 and the eyelets 17 of the subsequent long sack. Galvanized wire can also be used to close, anchor and connect the short bags 1 and the long bags 2. Plastic sheathed steel hooks can also be used as spacers 14. The anchoring sheet 6, like the bags 1 and 2, consists of a polyester mesh with a P yC coating. However, the mesh size of this mesh should be over 4 mm and can be up to 40 mm ^* . The PVC sheathing serves both for the anchoring sheet 5 and for the sacks 1 and 2, in particular to fix the position of the polyester threads.

Referenced characters

1 short sack

2 long sacks

3 gap, niche

4 formation

5 filling layer

6 coarse mesh fabric

7 inner bag position

8 rope,

9 posts

10 bars

11 side seam

12 side eyelets

13 frets

14 spacers

15 bottom seam

16 side seam

17 ground eyelet

18 frets

19 rosette

Claims

l PATENT CLAIMS:

1. A process for the production of a slope wall or a wall, in particular a noise barrier wall, using tubular, rot-proof bags filled with granular or sandy material as the building material, which are stacked in layers in accordance with the slope angle, whereby the sacks of the bottom layer and each further odd-numbered layer are laid transversely to the wall and the sacks of each even-numbered layer are laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall, whereby they are supported on at least two sacks lying transversely to the wall, characterized in that the sacks to the wall to verlegen- ₅ cm installed at intervals of 20 to 80 the bags (1) the wer¬ and the thus formed between the bags (1) gaps (3) are filled with soil and ver¬ at least partly with humus.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sacks (2) to be laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall are only laid in the front region of the sacks (1) lying transversely to the wall and the region behind them is filled with filling soil. 5

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the bags laid in the longitudinal direction to the wall (2) at least partially connected to the bags laid transversely to the wall (1), in particular sewn, stapled or tied.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bags (1, 2) consist of an open mesh fabric with a mesh size of at least 1 mm ² . 5

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bags to be laid transversely to the wall (1) are shorter and larger in diameter than the bags to be laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall (2).

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the short bags (1) in the empty state are about 90 - 120 cm long and 70 to 95 cm wide and the long bags (2) in the empty state about 130 to 170 cm long and Are 30 to 40 cm wide.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized ge indicates that the lattice fabric of the bags (1, 2) consist essentially of polyester threads and has a tensile strength of over 150 daN / 5 cm.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the mesh fabric of the sacks (1, 2) is covered with polyvinyl chloride.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized ge indicates that the sacks (1) laid transversely to the wall are at least partially anchored by an anchoring track (6) which wraps around the sacks (1) and which secures from a rotting , coarse-mesh grid fabric.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sacks (1) laid transversely to the wall by means of cords or ropes (8) acting on the sack rosette (19) on posts (9), on opposite sacks (1) or anchored to sacks (7) laid in the ground.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least four eyelets (13) are arranged on the collar of the short bags (1) through which one Closing and / or anchoring rope (8) can be passed through.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that on each side of the short bags (1)

Eyelets (12) are arranged through which spacers

(14) or connecting cables can be passed through.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the long bags (2) have a bottom seam

(15) and have a side seam (16) and eyelets (17) are arranged on the bag bottom and eyelets (18) are arranged on the bag waistband.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the mesh fabric of the sacks (1 and 2) is coated with a plastic which fixes the threads of the mesh fabric against each other and which within a short time, e.g. after 2 years, its strength loses.