EP0234357B1 - Running gear springing of railway vehicles - Google Patents

Running gear springing of railway vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0234357B1
EP0234357B1 EP87101568A EP87101568A EP0234357B1 EP 0234357 B1 EP0234357 B1 EP 0234357B1 EP 87101568 A EP87101568 A EP 87101568A EP 87101568 A EP87101568 A EP 87101568A EP 0234357 B1 EP0234357 B1 EP 0234357B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
running gear
rubber springs
bell
suspension
springs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP87101568A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0234357A3 (en
EP0234357A2 (en
Inventor
Franz-Joseph Colliene
Leonhard Corsten
Johannes Dipl.-Ing Nicolin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Waggonfabrik Talbot GmbH and Co KG
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Waggonfabrik Talbot GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT87101568T priority Critical patent/ATE48806T1/en
Publication of EP0234357A2 publication Critical patent/EP0234357A2/en
Publication of EP0234357A3 publication Critical patent/EP0234357A3/en
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Publication of EP0234357B1 publication Critical patent/EP0234357B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/305—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating rubber springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a running gear suspension for rail vehicles with at least two annular rubber springs arranged one above the other, which are each arranged between a mandrel and a bell, the mandrel arranged between two adjacent rubber springs being connected to the bell also arranged between these two rubber springs.
  • a running gear suspension for rail vehicles of this type is known from DE-C-847 385. It consists of two rubber springs arranged one above the other in the form of ring-shaped rubber cushions. These are each arranged between a mandrel and a bell, the mandrels each pointing downward and the rubber springs projecting from top to bottom, while the bells engage the indentation on the outside of the rubber springs.
  • the mandrel arranged between the rubber springs is connected to the bell also arranged between the rubber springs.
  • a running gear suspension for rail vehicles which has two pairs of rubber rolling springs.
  • the drive suspension initially consists of a double-tapered mandrel with a central extension, with the mandrels pointing in opposite directions.
  • a rubber roller spring is attached to each of the two mandrel ends, the outer surfaces of these rubber roller springs resting against the inner surfaces of a bell-shaped spring housing.
  • the upper spring housings are firmly arranged in the frame of the rail vehicle, while the lower spring housings are supported on the axle bearing housings of the axles of the rail vehicle.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop the known running gear suspension in such a way that, while maintaining a large spring travel in the main spring direction, the drives can be optimally adjusted in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the vehicle with the least possible effort.
  • the invention proposes that the annular rubber springs are rubber roller springs, that the mandrels are each directed upwards and the rubber roller springs protrude from the bottom upwards, the rubber roller springs being supported on the spikes assigned to them, and that the one another connected mandrels and bells are movably arranged between the two adjacent rubber roller springs such that these connected parts can, in addition to moving in the main spring direction, perform a pendulum movement about any axis lying transverse to the main spring direction.
  • a series connection of rubber roller springs results, by means of which a possibility for influencing the stiffness acting transversely to the main spring direction is created by the interconnected parts (bell and mandrel) being able to rotate about an axis lying at right angles to the main spring direction .
  • This rotation causes a stress on both rubber roller springs essentially to thrust, this thrust load leading to a lower rigidity than a pressure load on the rubber roller spring, so that the spring combination according to the invention is softer transversely to the main spring direction.
  • the stiffness of the running gear suspension according to the invention can be adjusted transversely to the main spring direction and adapted to the respective requirements, in particular via the effective lever arm lengths. Since the rubber roller springs are also supported on the upward-facing spikes, the rubber roller springs are properly supported within the running gear suspension, with all areas of the rubber roller springs contributing to the suspension in particular.
  • At least one of the rubber rolling springs has a shape that deviates from the circular ring shape.
  • the bar can be designed to be elastic or connected elastically to at least one of the bells.
  • stops elastic.
  • the change in hardness of the suspension transverse to the main spring direction is reduced when it is in contact with the stop, so that the spring characteristic can be adapted to the respective need not only by different distances between bell and stop, but also by different elasticities of the stops.
  • the spring arrangement according to the invention to influence the spring characteristic when the rubber roller springs are loaded transversely to their main spring direction.
  • a part of a bogie frame 1 can be seen, which is supported on each of the axle journals 2a of at least two axles 2 by means of a running gear suspension.
  • a wheel 2b of an axle 2 can be seen in the drawings.
  • the bogie frame 1 is provided in the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and in the modified embodiment according to FIG. 3 with axle holders 3 arranged in pairs, which take over the guidance between bogie frame 1 and axle 2.
  • the interacting axle holders 3 are connected to one another by an axle holder key 4.
  • the running gear suspension shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises two rubber roller springs 5a and 5b arranged one above the other.
  • the lower rubber roller spring 5a is arranged on a mandrel 6 which, in the exemplary embodiment, is at the same time designed as an axle bearing housing, but can also be designed as an adapter which is supported on the axle bearing.
  • a bell 9, which is firmly arranged on the bogie frame 1, is supported on the upper rubber roller spring 5b.
  • each of these rubber roller springs 5a and 5b assuming half of the vertical spring travel with an identical design.
  • the dimensions of each rubber roller spring 5a or 5b in particular with regard to their height and their. Diameter so favorable that the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b can be arranged over the axle bearings.
  • sufficient spring travel in the vertical direction i.e. achieve in the main spring direction.
  • the running gear suspension can thus accommodate the relative movements between the bogie frame 1 and the axle 2 in the vehicle transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, which are necessary in particular for optimal cushioning and damping, in particular of the lateral impact impacts of the wheels 2b on the rails and for the radial adjustment of the wheel sets when traveling on bends.
  • the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b can have a shape deviating from the circular ring shape. While the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b in the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are circular, the modification according to FIG. 3 shows an oval design of the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b and thus also the mandrels 6 and 8 or bells 7 and 9. Da the larger axis of the oval shape lies in the vehicle's longitudinal direction, this gives a higher rigidity than in the vehicle's transverse direction.
  • two rubber roller spring arrangements are arranged next to one another and act in parallel.
  • the mandrel 6 of the lower rubber roller springs 5a here lies on a support piece 10 of the axle bearing housing 11 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, whereas the bells 9 of the upper rubber roller springs 5b are fastened to the bogie frame 1.
  • the bells 7 and mandrels 8 which are connected to one another in turn can be connected to one another by a bar 12 be torque-locked, which also results in a different stiffness in the vehicle longitudinal direction and in the vehicle transverse direction.
  • the beam 12 can be designed to be elastic or to be connected elastically to at least one of the bells 7. 4, an elastic intermediate element 13 is arranged between the left end of the beam 12 and the associated bell 7.
  • the mobility of the bell 7 connected to the mandrel 8 of one of the two rubber roller spring arrangements belonging to an axis 2 is limited by a stop 14a, which can also be designed as an elastic stop 14b.
  • a stop 14a which can also be designed as an elastic stop 14b.
  • the spring arrangement being softer the greater the possibility of movement of the bell 7.
  • the upper bell 9 is also provided with a stop 15a or 15b in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5.
  • the superimposed rubber roller springs 5a and 5b transmit the vertical suspension and all transverse and longitudinal forces from the wheelset to the bogie frame 1.
  • the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b allow the necessary longitudinal and transverse paths to adjust the axis when traveling through bends and damping start-up impacts enable, the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b also generate the necessary restoring forces to always return the wheelset to its central position.
  • the drive suspension described above can be used not only for the bogies shown in the exemplary embodiments, but also for two-axle rail vehicles. It can be used both as primary suspension and as secondary suspension for passenger car bogies and can also be used as a suspension for locomotive boxes compared to powered bogies or single axles.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A suspension arrangement for rail vehicles, including at least one pair of superimposed elastomeric shock absorbers, including a first shock absorber disposed between a first mandrel and a first bell-shaped member, and a second shock absorber disposed between a second mandrel and a second bell-shaped member. The first bell-shaped member and the second mandrel are disposed between the two shock absorbers and are interconnected in such a way that they can carry out not only a movement in the main direction of shock absorption, but also a pendulum movement about any axis disposed transverse to this main direction of shock absorption.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Laufwerkfederung für Schienenfahrzeuge mit mindestens zwei übereinander angeordneten ringförmigen Gummifedern, die jeweils zwischen einem Dorn und einer Glocke angeordnet sind, wobei jeweils der zwischen zwei benachbarten Gummifedern angeordnete Dorn mit der ebenfalls zwischen diesen beiden Gummifedern angeordneten Glocke verbunden ist.The invention relates to a running gear suspension for rail vehicles with at least two annular rubber springs arranged one above the other, which are each arranged between a mandrel and a bell, the mandrel arranged between two adjacent rubber springs being connected to the bell also arranged between these two rubber springs.

Eine Laufwerkfederung für Schienenfahrzeuge dieser Art ist aus der DE-C-847 385 bekannt. Sie besteht aus zwei übereinander angeordneten Gummifedern in Form von ringförmigen Gummikissen. Diese sind jeweils zwischen einem Dorn und einer Glocke angeordnet, wobei die Dorne jeweils nach unten gerichtet sind und die Gummifedern von oben her nach unten hin durchragen, während die Glocken außen an den Gummifedern in eine Einbuchtung eingreifend anliegen. Der zwischen den Gummifedern angeordnete Dorn ist dabei mit der ebenfalls zwischen den Gummifedern angeordneten Glocke verbunden.A running gear suspension for rail vehicles of this type is known from DE-C-847 385. It consists of two rubber springs arranged one above the other in the form of ring-shaped rubber cushions. These are each arranged between a mandrel and a bell, the mandrels each pointing downward and the rubber springs projecting from top to bottom, while the bells engage the indentation on the outside of the rubber springs. The mandrel arranged between the rubber springs is connected to the bell also arranged between the rubber springs.

Bei dieser bekannten Laufwerkfederung für Schienenfahrzeuge ist zunächst von Nachteil, daß lediglich eine Federung in senkrechter Hauptfederrichtung möglich ist, wobei die Hintereinanderschaltung der Gummifedern einen relativ großen Federweg in dieser Hauptfederrichtung ergibt. Allerdings sind die Federeigenschaften der Gummikissen nicht besonders gut, da sie beispielsweise keine Rollbewegung ausführen können, wie dies beispielsweise bei Gummirollfedern der Fall ist. Auch die Federeigenschaften in Fahrzeuglängs- und -querrichtung sind ungenügend und daher für das Laufverhalten des Schienenfahrzeugs unzureichend, weil keine optimale Abfederung und Dämpfung insbesondere der seitlichen Anlaufstöße der Räder an den Schienen möglich ist. Auch eine radiale Einstellung der Laufwerke oder Radsätze bei Bogenfahrt ist mittels der bekannten Laufwerkfederung nicht möglich. Somit ist sowohl der Fahrkomfort als auch das Verschleißverhalten der bekannten Laufwerkfederung ungenügend.The disadvantage of this known running gear suspension for rail vehicles is that only suspension in the vertical main spring direction is possible, the series connection of the rubber springs giving a relatively large spring travel in this main spring direction. However, the spring properties of the rubber cushions are not particularly good since, for example, they cannot roll, as is the case with rubber rolling springs, for example. The spring properties in the vehicle's longitudinal and transverse directions are also unsatisfactory and therefore inadequate for the running behavior of the rail vehicle, because optimal cushioning and damping, in particular of the lateral impact impacts of the wheels on the rails, is not possible. Radial adjustment of the drives or wheel sets when traveling through bends is also not possible using the known drive suspension. Thus, both the driving comfort and the wear behavior of the known running gear suspension are insufficient.

Aus der DE-B-1 230 834 ist eine Laufwerkfederung für Schienenfahrzeuge bekannt, die zwei Gummirollfeder-Paare aufweist. Die Laufwerkfederung besteht zunächst aus einem doppelkegeligen Dorn mit mittiger Erweiterung, wobei die Dorne in entgegengesetzte Richtungen zeigen. Auf die beiden Dornenden ist jeweils eine Gummirollfeder aufgesteckt, wobei die Außenflächen dieser Gummirollfedem an den Innenflächen je eines glockenförmigen Federgehäuses anliegen. Die oberen Federgehäuse sind dabei fest im Rahmen des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet, während sich die unteren Federgehäuse auf den Achslagergehäusen der Achsen des Schienenfahrzeugs abstützen. Bei auftretenden Horizontalkräften erfolgt eine parallele Verschiebung des einen Federgehäuses bezüglich zum anderen Federgehäuse, wobei der doppelkegelige Dorn entsprechend aus. seiner ursprünglich senkrechten Lage kippt bzw. eine Pendelbewegung ausführt.From DE-B-1 230 834 a running gear suspension for rail vehicles is known which has two pairs of rubber rolling springs. The drive suspension initially consists of a double-tapered mandrel with a central extension, with the mandrels pointing in opposite directions. A rubber roller spring is attached to each of the two mandrel ends, the outer surfaces of these rubber roller springs resting against the inner surfaces of a bell-shaped spring housing. The upper spring housings are firmly arranged in the frame of the rail vehicle, while the lower spring housings are supported on the axle bearing housings of the axles of the rail vehicle. When horizontal forces occur, a parallel displacement of one spring housing with respect to the other spring housing takes place, the double-cone mandrel correspondingly. tilts its original vertical position or performs a pendulum movement.

Ausgehend von einer Laufwerkfederung für Schienenfahrzeuge der eingangs angegebenen Art liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannte Laufwerkfederung derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß unter Beibehaltung eines großen Federweges in Hauptfederrichtung mit geringstmöglichem Aufwand eine optimale Einstellmöglichkeit der Laufwerke in Fahrzeuglängs- und -querrichtung geschaffen wird.Starting from a running gear suspension for rail vehicles of the type specified at the outset, the object of the invention is to further develop the known running gear suspension in such a way that, while maintaining a large spring travel in the main spring direction, the drives can be optimally adjusted in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the vehicle with the least possible effort.

Als technische Lösung wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß die ringförmigen Gummifedern Gummirollfedern sind, daß die Dorne jeweils nach oben gerichtet sind und die Gummirollfedern von unten her nach oben hin durchragen, wobei sich die Gummirollfedern auf den ihnen zugeordneten Dornen abstützen, und daß die miteinander verbundenen Dorne und Glocken beweglich zwischen den beiden benachbarten Gummirollfedern angeordnet sind derart, daß diese verbundenen Teile zusätzlich zur Bewegung in Hauptfederrichtung eine Pendelbewegung um eine beliebige, quer zur Hauptfederrichtung liegende Achse ausführen können.As a technical solution, the invention proposes that the annular rubber springs are rubber roller springs, that the mandrels are each directed upwards and the rubber roller springs protrude from the bottom upwards, the rubber roller springs being supported on the spikes assigned to them, and that the one another connected mandrels and bells are movably arranged between the two adjacent rubber roller springs such that these connected parts can, in addition to moving in the main spring direction, perform a pendulum movement about any axis lying transverse to the main spring direction.

Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung einer Laufwerkfederung für Schienenfahrzeuge ergibt sich eine Hintereinanderschaltung von Gummirollfedem, durch die eine Möglichkeit zur Beeinflussung der quer zur Hauptfederrichtung wirkenden Steifigkeit geschaffen wird, indem sich die miteinander verbundenen Teile (Glocke und Dorn) um eine rechtwinklig zur Hauptfederrichtung liegende Achse verdrehen können. Diese Verdrehung bewirkt eine Beanspruchung beider Gummirollfedern im wesentlichen auf Schub, wobei diese Schubbeanspruchung zu einer geringeren Steifigkeit führt als eine Druckbeanspruchung der Gummirollfeder, so daß die erfindungsgemäße Federkombination quer zur Hauptfederrichtung weicher ist. Insbesondere über die wirksamen Hebelarmlängen läßt sich die Steifigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Laufwerkfederung quer zur Hauptfederrichtung einstellen und den jeweiligen Erfordernissen anpassen. Da sich die Gummirollfedern darüber hinaus auf den nach oben gerichteten Dornen abstützen, ist eine einwandfreie Lagerung der Gummirollfedern innerhalb der Laufwerkfederung geschaffen, wobei insbesondere sämtliche Bereiche der Gummirollfedern zur Federung beitragen.With this embodiment of a running gear suspension for rail vehicles according to the invention, a series connection of rubber roller springs results, by means of which a possibility for influencing the stiffness acting transversely to the main spring direction is created by the interconnected parts (bell and mandrel) being able to rotate about an axis lying at right angles to the main spring direction . This rotation causes a stress on both rubber roller springs essentially to thrust, this thrust load leading to a lower rigidity than a pressure load on the rubber roller spring, so that the spring combination according to the invention is softer transversely to the main spring direction. The stiffness of the running gear suspension according to the invention can be adjusted transversely to the main spring direction and adapted to the respective requirements, in particular via the effective lever arm lengths. Since the rubber roller springs are also supported on the upward-facing spikes, the rubber roller springs are properly supported within the running gear suspension, with all areas of the rubber roller springs contributing to the suspension in particular.

Um bei der erfindungsgemäßen Laufwerkfederung unterschiedliche Steifigkeiten in Fahrzeuglängs- und -querrichtung zu schaffen, weist gemäß einer Weiterbildung mindestens eine der Gummirollfedern eine von der kreisrunden Ringform abweichende Form auf.In order to create different stiffnesses in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the vehicle in the running gear suspension according to the invention, at least one of the rubber rolling springs has a shape that deviates from the circular ring shape.

Dasselbe Ergebnis läßt sich erzielen, wenn alternativ mindestens zwei Gummirollfederanordnungen parallel wirkend nebeneinander angeordnet werden, wobei die jeweils miteinander verbundenen Dorne und Glocken ihrerseits miteinander durch einen Balken momentenschlüssig verbunden sind.The same result can be achieved if, as an alternative, at least two rubber roller spring arrangements are arranged next to one another, acting in parallel, the mandrels and bells which are in each case connected in turn being momentarily connected to one another by a bar.

Der Balken kann gemäß einer Weiterbildung elastisch ausgebildet bzw. elastisch mit mindestens einer der Glocken verbunden sein. Je elastischer der Balken bzw. die Verbindung ausgebildet ist, um so weicher ist die Federanordnung in Balkenlängsrichtung, d.h. vorzugsweise in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung.According to a further development, the bar can be designed to be elastic or connected elastically to at least one of the bells. The more elastic the beam or the connection is, the softer the spring arrangement in the longitudinal direction of the beam, i.e. preferably in the vehicle's longitudinal direction.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Anpassung der Federsteifigkeit quer zur Hauptfederrichtung besteht in einer Weiterbildung darin, daß die Beweglichkeit der mit einem Dorn verbundenen Glocke in der quer zur Hauptfederrichtung liegenden Ebene durch Anschläge begrenzt ist. Je größer die Bewegungsmöglichkeit der Glocke ist, um so weicher ist die Federanordnung in dieser Richtung. Auch auf diese Weise lassen sich somit unterschiedliche Steifigkeiten bei einer Belastung der Federanordnung in einer Ebene erzielen, die quer zur Hauptfederrichtung liegt, wobei es in der Praxis insbesondere auf die Steifigkeit in Fahrzeuglängs- und in Fahrzeugquerrichtung ankommt.Another possibility for adjusting the spring stiffness transversely to the main spring direction is in a further development that the mobility of the bell connected with a mandrel in the transverse to Main spring direction level is limited by stops. The greater the possibility of movement of the bell, the softer the spring arrangement in this direction. In this way too, different stiffnesses can be achieved when the spring arrangement is loaded in a plane which is transverse to the main spring direction, in practice the stiffness in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the vehicle is particularly important.

Schließlich wird in einer Weiterbildung vorgeschlagen, die Anschläge elastisch auszubilden. Durch der- . artige elastische Anschläge wird die Härteänderung der Federung quer zur Hauptfederrichtung bei Anlage am Anschlag verringert, so daß nicht nur durch unterschiedliche Abstände zwischen Glocke und Anschlag, sondern auch durch unterschiedliche Elastizitäten der Anschläge eine Anpassungsmöglichkeit der Federkennlinie an den jeweiligen Bedarfsfall möglich ist. Insgesamt stehen somit bei der erfindungsgemäßen Federanordnung ausreichende Möglichkeiten zur Beeinflussung der Federkennlinie bei einer Beanspruchung der Gummirollfedern quer zu ihrer Hauptfederrichtung zur Verfügung.Finally, it is proposed in a further development to make the stops elastic. By the. Like elastic stops, the change in hardness of the suspension transverse to the main spring direction is reduced when it is in contact with the stop, so that the spring characteristic can be adapted to the respective need not only by different distances between bell and stop, but also by different elasticities of the stops. Overall, there are sufficient possibilities in the spring arrangement according to the invention to influence the spring characteristic when the rubber roller springs are loaded transversely to their main spring direction.

Auf der Zeichnung sind verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Laufwerkfederung dargestellt, und zwar zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Laufwerkfederung,
  • Fig. 2 einen waagerechten Schnitt durch die Laufwerkfederung gemäß der Schnittlinie 11-11 in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform mit ovaler Gummirollfeder,
  • Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform mit zwei nebeneinander angeordneten und parallel wirkenden Gummirollfederanordnungen,
  • Fig. 5 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch die Laufwerkfederung nach Fig. 4 und
  • Fig. 6 einen waagerechten Schnitt durch die Laufwerkfederung nach den Figuren 4 und 5 entsprechend der Schnittlinie VI-VI in Fig. 4.
Various exemplary embodiments of the running gear suspension according to the invention are shown in the drawing, namely:
  • 1 is a vertical section through a first embodiment of a suspension,
  • 2 shows a horizontal section through the running gear suspension according to section line 11-11 in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 of a modified embodiment with an oval rubber roller spring,
  • 4 shows a side view of a further embodiment with two rubber roller spring arrangements arranged side by side and acting in parallel,
  • Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the drive suspension according to Fig. 4 and
  • 6 shows a horizontal section through the running gear suspension according to FIGS. 4 and 5 according to the section line VI-VI in FIG. 4.

Bei sämtlichen Ausführungsbeispielen ist ein Teil eines Drehgestellrahmens 1 zu erkennen, der über jeweils eine Laufwerkfederung auf den Achszapfen 2a mindestens zweier Achsen 2 abgestützt ist. In den Zeichnungen ist jeweils ein Rad 2b einer Achse 2 zu erkennen.In all of the exemplary embodiments, a part of a bogie frame 1 can be seen, which is supported on each of the axle journals 2a of at least two axles 2 by means of a running gear suspension. A wheel 2b of an axle 2 can be seen in the drawings.

Der Drehgestellrahmen 1 ist beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 sowie bei der abgewandelten Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 mit paarweise angeordneten Achshaltern 3 versehen, welche die Führung zwischen Drehgestellrahmen 1 und Achse 2 übernehmen. Um ein ungewolltes Abheben des Drehgestellrahmens 1 von den Achsen 2 zu verhindern und den Drehgestellrahmen 1 zu verstärken, sind die zusammenwirkenden Achshalter 3 durch einen Achshalterschlüssel 4 miteinander verbunden.The bogie frame 1 is provided in the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and in the modified embodiment according to FIG. 3 with axle holders 3 arranged in pairs, which take over the guidance between bogie frame 1 and axle 2. In order to prevent an unintentional lifting of the bogie frame 1 from the axles 2 and to reinforce the bogie frame 1, the interacting axle holders 3 are connected to one another by an axle holder key 4.

Die in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellte Laufwerkfederung umfaßt zwei übereinander angeordnete Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b. Die untere Gummirollfeder 5a ist auf einem Dorn 6 angeordnet, der beim Ausführungsbeispiel zugleich als Achslagergehäuse ausgebildet ist, jedoch auch als Adapter ausgelegt sein kann, der sich auf dem Achslager abstützt. Auf der unteren Gummirollfeder 5a liegt als oberes Federgehäuse eine Glocke 7, die mit dem Dorn 8 für die obere Gummirollfeder 5b verbunden ist. Bei der Darstellung in Fig. 1 sind die Glocke 7 und der Dorn 8 einstückig ausgebildet. Auf der oberen Gummirollfeder 5b stützt sich schließlich eine Glocke 9 ab, die fest am Drehgestellrahmen 1 angeordnet ist.The running gear suspension shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises two rubber roller springs 5a and 5b arranged one above the other. The lower rubber roller spring 5a is arranged on a mandrel 6 which, in the exemplary embodiment, is at the same time designed as an axle bearing housing, but can also be designed as an adapter which is supported on the axle bearing. A bell 7, which is connected to the mandrel 8 for the upper rubber roller spring 5b, lies on the lower rubber roller spring 5a as the upper spring housing. In the illustration in Fig. 1, the bell 7 and the mandrel 8 are integrally formed. Finally, a bell 9, which is firmly arranged on the bogie frame 1, is supported on the upper rubber roller spring 5b.

Durch die voranstehend beschriebene Anordnung ergibt sich eine Hintereinanderschaltung der Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b, wobei jede dieser Gummirollfedem 5a und 5b bei identischer Ausbildung die Hälfte des senkrechten Federweges übernimmt. Hierdurch sind die Abmessungen jeder Gummirollfeder 5a bzw. 5b, insbesondere bezüglich ihrer Höhe und ihres . Durchmessers derart günstig, daß die Gummirollfedem 5a und 5b über den Achslagern angeordnet werden können. Außerdem läßt sich aufgrund dieser Hintereinanderschaltung der beiden Gummirollfedem 5a und 5b ein ausreichender Federweg in senkrechter Richtung, d.h. in Hauptfederrichtung erzielen.The arrangement described above results in a series connection of the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b, each of these rubber roller springs 5a and 5b assuming half of the vertical spring travel with an identical design. As a result, the dimensions of each rubber roller spring 5a or 5b, in particular with regard to their height and their. Diameter so favorable that the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b can be arranged over the axle bearings. In addition, due to this series connection of the two rubber roller springs 5a and 5b, sufficient spring travel in the vertical direction, i.e. achieve in the main spring direction.

Durch die Verbindung der Glocke 7 für die untere Gummirollfeder 5a mit dem Dorn 8 für die obere Gummirollfeder 5b ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, daß sich diese beiden Teile in der Art eines stehenden Pendels um eine rechtwinklig zur Hauptfederrichtung liegende Achse bewegen. Diese Bewegung bewirkt eine Beanspruchung beider Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b im wesentlichen auf Schub und eine Elastizität der Laufwerkfederung quer zur Hauptfederrichtung, wobei durch die Schubbeanspruchung der Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b Rückstellkräfte entstehen. Die Laufwerkfederung kann somit in Fahrzeugquerrichtung und in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung auftretende Relativbewegungen zwischen Drehgestellrahmen 1 und Achse 2 aufnehmen, die insbesondere zur optimalen Abfederung und Dämpfung insbesondere der seitlichen Anlaufstöße der Räder 2b an den Schienen und zur radialen Einstellung der Radsätze bei Bogenfahrt erforderlich sind.By connecting the bell 7 for the lower rubber roller spring 5a with the mandrel 8 for the upper rubber roller spring 5b, there is the possibility that these two parts move in the manner of a standing pendulum about an axis lying at right angles to the main spring direction. This movement causes a stress on both rubber roller springs 5a and 5b essentially to thrust and an elasticity of the running gear suspension transverse to the main spring direction, restoring forces being generated by the shear stress on the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b. The running gear suspension can thus accommodate the relative movements between the bogie frame 1 and the axle 2 in the vehicle transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, which are necessary in particular for optimal cushioning and damping, in particular of the lateral impact impacts of the wheels 2b on the rails and for the radial adjustment of the wheel sets when traveling on bends.

Um unterschiedliche Steifigkeiten der Laufwerkfederung in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung und Fahrzeugquerrichtung zu schaffen, können die Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b eine von der kreisrunden Ringform abweichende Form aufweisen. Während der Gummirollfedem 5a und 5b beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 1 und 2 kreisringförmig ausgeführt sind, zeigt die Abwandlung nach Fig. 3 eine ovale Ausbildung der Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b und damit auch der Dorne 6 und 8 bzw. Glocken 7 und 9. Da die größere Achse der ovalen Form in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung liegt, ergibt sich in dieser Richtung eine höhere Steifigkeit als in Fahrzeugquerrichtung.In order to create different stiffnesses of the running gear suspension in the vehicle longitudinal direction and the vehicle transverse direction, the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b can have a shape deviating from the circular ring shape. While the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b in the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are circular, the modification according to FIG. 3 shows an oval design of the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b and thus also the mandrels 6 and 8 or bells 7 and 9. Da the larger axis of the oval shape lies in the vehicle's longitudinal direction, this gives a higher rigidity than in the vehicle's transverse direction.

Bei der dritten Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 4 bis 6 sind zwei Gummirollfederanordnungen parallel wirkend nebeneinander angeordnet. Der Dorn 6 der unteren Gummirollfedern 5a liegt hierbei auf einem in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung verlaufenden Tragstück 10 des Achslagergehäuses 11 auf, wogegen die Glocken 9 der oberen Gummirollfedern 5b am Drehgestellrahmen 1 befestigt sind. Wie aus den Figuren 4 und 6 hervorgeht, können in diesem Fall die jeweils miteinander verbundenen Glocken 7 und Dorne 8 ihrerseits miteinander durch einen Balken 12 momentenschlüssig verbunden sein, wodurch sich ebenfalls eine unterschiedliche Steifigkeit in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung und in Fahrzeugquerrichtung ergibt. Um die Steifigkeiten zu beeinflussen, kann der Balken 12 elastisch ausgebildet bzw. elastisch mit mindestens einer der Glocken 7 verbunden sein. Gemäß Fig. 4 ist zwischen dem linken Ende des Balkens 12 und der zugehörigen Glocke 7 ein elastisches Zwischenelement 13 angeordnet.In the third embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, two rubber roller spring arrangements are arranged next to one another and act in parallel. The mandrel 6 of the lower rubber roller springs 5a here lies on a support piece 10 of the axle bearing housing 11 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, whereas the bells 9 of the upper rubber roller springs 5b are fastened to the bogie frame 1. As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 6, in this case the bells 7 and mandrels 8 which are connected to one another in turn can be connected to one another by a bar 12 be torque-locked, which also results in a different stiffness in the vehicle longitudinal direction and in the vehicle transverse direction. In order to influence the rigidity, the beam 12 can be designed to be elastic or to be connected elastically to at least one of the bells 7. 4, an elastic intermediate element 13 is arranged between the left end of the beam 12 and the associated bell 7.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 4 bis 6 ist schließlich dargestellt, daß die Beweglichkeit der mit dem Dorn 8 verbundenen Glocke 7 einer der beiden zu einer Achse 2 gehörenden Gummirollfederanordnungen durch einen Anschlag 14a begrenzt ist, der auch als elastischer Anschlag 14b ausgebildet sein kann. Auch auf diese Weise lassen sich somit unterschiedliche Steifigkeiten in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung und Fahrzeugquerrichtung erzielen, wobei die Federanordnung um so weicher ist, je größer die Bewegungsmöglichkeit der Glocke 7 ist. Um die notwendige Führung des Achslagergehäuses 11 sicherzustellen, ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 5 auch die obere Glocke 9 mit einem Anschlag 15a bzw. 15b versehen.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, it is finally shown that the mobility of the bell 7 connected to the mandrel 8 of one of the two rubber roller spring arrangements belonging to an axis 2 is limited by a stop 14a, which can also be designed as an elastic stop 14b. In this way too, different stiffnesses can be achieved in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the vehicle, the spring arrangement being softer the greater the possibility of movement of the bell 7. In order to ensure the necessary guidance of the axle bearing housing 11, the upper bell 9 is also provided with a stop 15a or 15b in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5.

Bei sämtlichen Ausführungsformen übertragen die übereinanderliegenden Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b die senkrechte Federung sowie alle Quer- und Längskräfte vom Radsatz zum Drehgestellrahmen 1. Außerdem lassen die Gummirollfedern 5a und 5b die notwendigen Längs- und Querwege zu, um Achseinstellungen bei Bogenfahrt und die Dämpfung von Anlaufstößen zu ermöglichen, wobei die Gummirollfedem 5a und 5b zugleich die notwendigen Rückstellkräfte erzeugen, um den Radsatz stets in seine Mittelstellung zurückzuführen.In all embodiments, the superimposed rubber roller springs 5a and 5b transmit the vertical suspension and all transverse and longitudinal forces from the wheelset to the bogie frame 1. In addition, the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b allow the necessary longitudinal and transverse paths to adjust the axis when traveling through bends and damping start-up impacts enable, the rubber roller springs 5a and 5b also generate the necessary restoring forces to always return the wheelset to its central position.

Da bei ansteigender Belastung der voranstehend beschriebenen Laufwerkfederung die Länge des stehenden Pendels durch zunehmende Einfederung kleiner wird, d.h. mit zunehmender Last sich eine Pendelverkürzung ergibt, werden die Rückstellkräfte anteilmäßig zu dieser Last größer, so daß sich trotz der einfachen und kompakten Konstruktion sowohl der Laufwerkfederung als auch der Aufhängepunkte am Drehgestellrahmen eine optimale Funktion ergibt.Since the length of the standing pendulum becomes smaller as the load on the above-described suspension system increases due to increasing deflection, i.e. with increasing load there is a shortening of the pendulum, the restoring forces are proportional to this load, so that despite the simple and compact construction both the suspension and the suspension points on the bogie frame result in an optimal function.

Die voranstehend beschriebene Laufwerkfederung kann nicht nur für die in den Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellten Drehgestelle, sondern auch für zweiachsige Schienenfahrzeuge verwendet werden. Sie ist sowohl als Primärfederung als auch als Sekundärfederung von Reisezugwagen-Drehgestellen einsetzbar und kann darüber hinaus als Abfederung von Lokomotivkasten gegenüber Trieb-Laufdrehgestellen oder Einzelachsen verwendet werden.The drive suspension described above can be used not only for the bogies shown in the exemplary embodiments, but also for two-axle rail vehicles. It can be used both as primary suspension and as secondary suspension for passenger car bogies and can also be used as a suspension for locomotive boxes compared to powered bogies or single axles.

Bezugsziffernliste:

  • 1 Drehgestellrahmen
  • 2 Achse
  • 2a Achszapfen
  • 2b Rad
  • 3 Achshalter
  • 4 Achshalterschlüssel
  • 5a Gummirollfeder
  • 5b Gummirollfeder
  • 6 Dorn
  • 7 Glocke
  • 8 Dorn
  • 9 Glocke
  • 10 Tragstück
  • 11 Achslagergehäuse
  • 12 Balken
  • 13 Zwischenelement
  • 14a Anschlag
  • 14b Anschlag
  • 15a Anschlag
  • 15b Anschlag
List of reference numbers:
  • 1 bogie frame
  • 2 axis
  • 2a journal
  • 2b wheel
  • 3 axle holder
  • 4 axle holder keys
  • 5a rubber roller spring
  • 5b rubber roller spring
  • 6 thorn
  • 7 bell
  • 8 thorn
  • 9 bell
  • 10 support piece
  • 11 axle bearing housing
  • 12 bars
  • 13 intermediate element
  • 14a stop
  • 14b stop
  • 15a stop
  • 15b stop

Claims (6)

1. Running gear suspension for track vehicles, having at least two ring-shaped rubber springs arranged one above the other, each of which is arranged between a pin (6 and 8 respectively) and a bell (7 and 9 respectively), the respective pin (8) arranged between two adjacent rubber springs being joined to the bell (7) likewise arranged between these two rubber springs, characterised in that the ring-shaped rubber springs are roll-type rubber springs (5a, 5b), that the pins (6 and 8 respectively) are each upwardly directed and the roll-type rubber springs (5a, 5b) pass through from bottom to top, the roll-type rubber springs (5a, 5b) resting on the pins (6 and 8 respectively) associated therewith, and that the joined pins (9) and bells (7) are arranged to be movable between the two adjacent roll-type rubber springs (5a, 5b) such that, in addition to the movement in the principal direction of suspension, these connected parts are able to execute a pendulum movement about any given axis transverse to the principal direction of suspension.
2. Running gear suspension according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one of the roll-type rubber springs (5a, 5b) is of a shape otherthan a perfectly circular ring.
3. Running gear suspension according to claim 1, characterised in that at least two roll-type spring assemblies are arranged adjacent one another to operate in parallel, the respective joined pins (8) and bells (7), in turn being joined together by a beam (12) so as to withstand momentum.
4. Running gear suspension according to claim 3, characterised in that the beam (12) is flexible or else flexibly joined to at least one of the bells (7).
5. Running gear suspension according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the mobility of the bell (7) joined to a pin (8) is limited by stop dogs (14a, 14b) in the plane transverse to the principal direction of suspension.
6. Running gear suspension according to claim 5, characterised in that the stop dogs (14b) are flexible.
EP87101568A 1986-02-27 1987-02-05 Running gear springing of railway vehicles Expired EP0234357B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87101568T ATE48806T1 (en) 1986-02-27 1987-02-05 UNDERCARRIAGE SUSPENSION FOR RAIL VEHICLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863606325 DE3606325A1 (en) 1986-02-27 1986-02-27 UNDERCARRIAGE SUSPENSION FOR RAIL VEHICLES
DE3606325 1986-02-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0234357A2 EP0234357A2 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0234357A3 EP0234357A3 (en) 1988-01-07
EP0234357B1 true EP0234357B1 (en) 1989-12-20

Family

ID=6295042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87101568A Expired EP0234357B1 (en) 1986-02-27 1987-02-05 Running gear springing of railway vehicles

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US (1) US4841875A (en)
EP (1) EP0234357B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62247965A (en)
KR (1) KR920000773B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE48806T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3606325A1 (en)
DK (1) DK161758C (en)
ES (1) ES2012364B3 (en)
FI (1) FI89341C (en)
IN (1) IN170452B (en)
NO (1) NO165629C (en)
YU (1) YU46613B (en)

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US9758181B2 (en) 2013-12-30 2017-09-12 Nevis Industries Llc Railcar truck roller bearing adapter pad systems
USD753022S1 (en) 2014-12-05 2016-04-05 Nevis Industries Llc Adapter pad for railcar truck
USD762520S1 (en) 2014-12-05 2016-08-02 Nevis Industries Llc Adapter pad for railcar truck
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3761191D1 (en) 1990-01-25
FI870333A0 (en) 1987-01-26
FI870333A (en) 1987-08-28
DK161758C (en) 1992-01-20
DK104687D0 (en) 1987-02-27
ATE48806T1 (en) 1990-01-15
DK104687A (en) 1987-08-28
DK161758B (en) 1991-08-12
DE3606325C2 (en) 1988-11-03
YU18787A (en) 1990-04-30
ES2012364B3 (en) 1990-03-16
IN170452B (en) 1992-03-28
KR870007815A (en) 1987-09-22
NO165629C (en) 1991-03-13
NO870686D0 (en) 1987-02-20
NO165629B (en) 1990-12-03
NO870686L (en) 1987-08-28
FI89341C (en) 1993-09-27
EP0234357A3 (en) 1988-01-07
EP0234357A2 (en) 1987-09-02
KR920000773B1 (en) 1992-01-23
FI89341B (en) 1993-06-15
US4841875A (en) 1989-06-27
JPS62247965A (en) 1987-10-29
YU46613B (en) 1994-01-20
DE3606325A1 (en) 1987-09-03

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