EP0232772A1 - Procédé de préparation d'un matériau pulvérulent amorphe par un procédé de broyage - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation d'un matériau pulvérulent amorphe par un procédé de broyage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0232772A1 EP0232772A1 EP87100949A EP87100949A EP0232772A1 EP 0232772 A1 EP0232772 A1 EP 0232772A1 EP 87100949 A EP87100949 A EP 87100949A EP 87100949 A EP87100949 A EP 87100949A EP 0232772 A1 EP0232772 A1 EP 0232772A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- boron
- starting components
- amorphous
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005300 metallic glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005805 NiNb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005280 amorphization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013080 microcrystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/006—Amorphous articles
- B22F3/007—Amorphous articles by diffusion starting from non-amorphous articles prepared by powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/002—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof amorphous or microcrystalline
- B22F9/004—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof amorphous or microcrystalline by diffusion, e.g. solid state reaction
- B22F9/005—Transformation into amorphous state by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a powdery amorphous material, in which at least two powdery, at least partially crystalline, starting components are mechanically alloyed by means of a grinding process.
- a method for producing an amorphous alloy is e.g. in the publication "Applied Physics Letters", Vol. 43, No. 1, 1.12.1983, pages 1017 to 1019.
- Such amorphous alloys have a glass-like, amorphous structure instead of a crystalline one and have a number of extraordinary properties or combinations of properties, e.g. high wear or corrosion resistance, high hardness and tensile strength with good ductility as well as special magnetic properties.
- microcrystalline materials with interesting properties can be produced (see e.g. DE-PS 28 34 425).
- a process which has been known for a long time for the industrial production of new materials is the so-called "mechanical alloying" (cf. for example "Metallurgical Transactions", vol. 5, August 1974, pages 1929 to 1934, or "Scientific American", vol. 234, 1976, Pages 40 to 48).
- powders of the starting elements or compounds of the desired alloy are ground together in a ball mill to form a mixed powder.
- the grinding process is carried out until a homogeneous alloy of the components involved has formed.
- the object of the present invention is now to design the method mentioned at the outset such that it can also be used to produce amorphous metal-metalloid systems which contain boron as the metalloid using the method of mechanical alloying.
- this object is achieved by a powdered boron component made from elemental boron or from a boron compound or alloy is added to the powders from the starting components, this powder mixture is then subjected to the grinding process, an amorphous alloy component being formed from the starting components with fine or boron component particles incorporated or attached, and - That finally the resulting mixed powder of an annealing treatment below the crystallization temperature of the amorphous alloy component to diffuse the boron into the amorphous alloy component is exposed.
- the invention is based on the known fact that the application of the mechanical alloying method in a known manner does not lead to success when using boron powders. It has been shown that boron cannot be alloyed mechanically due to its great hardness. The advantages associated with the invention can thus be seen in particular in that, despite these difficulties, it is possible to produce amorphous materials from special metal-metalloid systems, it also being possible to add boron powder to the powdery starting components and to use the method of mechanical alloying .
- the metal-metalloid systems stand out compared to metal-metal systems e.g. by a much higher hardness, but also by their special magnetic and corrosive properties, so that they are of particular importance with regard to their technical applications.
- M1 and M2 can generally be the powdered starting components in elemental form or in the form of alloys or compounds, the alloy M1, M2 can be obtained by the known mechanical alloying in amorphous form. M1 and M2 can in particular be transition metals such as Fe and Zr. Accordingly, a metallic glass is an exemplary embodiment made from a ternary alloy FeZrB.
- amorphous powder from this alloy powders of the two starting components Fe and Zr and B powder together with hardened steel balls are first placed in a suitable grinding bowl, the ratio of the three powder types of this powder mixture being determined by the predetermined resulting atomic concentration of the powder to be produced from these powders Material is determined.
- proportions (in atomic%) of the three components with 20 ⁇ x ⁇ 80 and with 4 ⁇ y ⁇ 30 are advantageously chosen.
- a weight ratio of the three elementary powders can be provided which corresponds to Fe60Zr260B20 after alloying.
- the size of the individual powders can be arbitrary; however, a similar size distribution of the two starting components involved is expedient in a range between 5 ⁇ m and 1 mm, preferably between 50 ⁇ m and 0.5 mm.
- the B powder should be as fine as possible, advantageously a size of the powder particles below 10 ⁇ m, preferably below 1 ⁇ m. This can be largely amorphous B powder.
- the three powders with the corresponding powder particle sizes are placed in a planetary ball mill (Fritsch brand: type "Pulverisette-5"), the steel balls of which, for example, have a diameter of 100 mm.
- the grinding intensity can be influenced as desired with a variation of the ball diameter and the number of balls.
- the grinding speed and the ratio of the steel balls to the amount of powder are further parameters which determine the grinding time required for amorphization.
- the grinding container made of steel is placed under the mill Shielding gas, for example under argon, is kept and only opened again after the grinding process has ended.
- finely layered powder grains are formed, which consist of Fe and Zr layers.
- the B particles are embedded both at the Fe / Zr interfaces and in the elemental metals.
- this layer structure becomes finer and finer until amorphous FeZr is present at the end of the grinding process after about 10 to 30 hours, in or on the powder particles of which B-particles are incorporated or attached.
- the individual powder particles of the resulting mixed powder have a diameter of approximately 10 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the amorphous FeZr material thus formed which is an alloy component of the ternary alloy to be produced, has good thermal stability, so that annealing at temperatures up to 600 ° C. does not lead to crystallization. Accordingly, the mixed powder thus produced is subjected to an annealing treatment below the crystallization temperature of the amorphous alloy component FeZr from the two starting components Fe and Zr for a few hours. After about 4 hours at 600 ° C, the B atoms have diffused into the amorphous FeZr, whereby amorphous Fe60Zr20B20 has formed. The amorphicity of this powder formed in this way can be demonstrated by X-ray examinations.
- the powder of a metal-metalloid system produced in accordance with the invention in this way can then be further processed in a known manner to form a body or workpiece with the desired shape and dimension by compacting and, if appropriate, in further shaping steps.
- This body has the characteristics that are characteristic of the amorphous material such as great strength at high temperatures.
- the method according to the invention explained on the basis of the exemplary embodiment described above is limited to alloys which consist of three or more components or elements. At least two of the metallic components must be able to be amorphized by mechanical alloying.
- the one starting component M1 should be a late transition metal such as Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Au, Re, Cr, Mn and the second starting component M2 an early transition metal such as Zr, Ti, Hf, W, Nb, V, Mo or a rare earth metal or an actinide metal.
- the boron provided for the process according to the invention does not always have to be provided in elementary form, but can also be partially replaced by another metalloid such as Si, P, C, Ge, if necessary.
- the metalloid components are advantageously added in elemental form, and the boron can also be in amorphous form. In special cases, however, these elements can also be in the form of alloys or compounds such as add Fe2B or FeB as intermetallic phases.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3603549 | 1986-02-05 | ||
| DE3603549 | 1986-02-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0232772A1 true EP0232772A1 (fr) | 1987-08-19 |
| EP0232772B1 EP0232772B1 (fr) | 1989-12-27 |
Family
ID=6293443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87100949A Expired EP0232772B1 (fr) | 1986-02-05 | 1987-01-23 | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau pulvérulent amorphe par un procédé de broyage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4735770A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0232772B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS62185801A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3761255D1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0288785A2 (fr) * | 1987-04-29 | 1988-11-02 | Fried. Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp | Procédé de préparation de matériau ayant une structure nanocristalline |
| EP0319786A1 (fr) * | 1987-12-04 | 1989-06-14 | Fried. Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp | Procédé pour la préparation de poudre secondaire à structure nanocristalline et à surface fermée |
| EP0339366A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-20 | 1989-11-02 | Fried. Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp | Procédé de préparation de poudre métal-métalloide, ayant une structure très fine à nanocristalline |
| EP0243641B1 (fr) * | 1986-03-27 | 1990-07-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau à propriété magnétique permanente à partir de poudre |
| EP0391914A1 (fr) * | 1987-11-03 | 1990-10-17 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Procede de preparation d'un article massif en metal amorphe |
| EP0494899A1 (fr) * | 1989-10-03 | 1992-07-22 | The Australian National University | Appareil de broyage a billes |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4762678A (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1988-08-09 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Method of preparing a bulk amorphous metal article |
| JPH0693301A (ja) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-04-05 | Harumatsu Miura | 機械的エネルギー制御を用いたメカニカルアロイングによるアモルファス合金粉末の製造方法 |
| US5624475A (en) * | 1994-12-02 | 1997-04-29 | Scm Metal Products, Inc. | Copper based neutron absorbing material for nuclear waste containers and method for making same |
| DE10304849A1 (de) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-19 | Institut für Neue Materialien gemeinnützige Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Chemomechanische Herstellung von Funktionskolloiden |
| CN102328935B (zh) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-11-28 | 西安交通大学 | 一种耐锌液腐蚀块体Fe2B化合物制备方法 |
| TWI581470B (zh) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-05-01 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | 熱電結構 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3785801A (en) * | 1968-03-01 | 1974-01-15 | Int Nickel Co | Consolidated composite materials by powder metallurgy |
| WO1984002926A1 (fr) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-02 | California Inst Of Techn | Formation de materiaux amorphes |
| EP0200079A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-26 | 1986-11-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Préparation d'une ébauche métallique d'un alliage amorphe |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4126449A (en) * | 1977-08-09 | 1978-11-21 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Zirconium-titanium alloys containing transition metal elements |
| FI65274C (fi) * | 1982-06-14 | 1984-04-10 | Neste Oy | Foerfarande foer termisk krackning av kolvaeteolja |
| US4640816A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1987-02-03 | California Institute Of Technology | Metastable alloy materials produced by solid state reaction of compacted, mechanically deformed mixtures |
| DE3518706A1 (de) * | 1985-05-24 | 1986-11-27 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Verfahren zur herstellung von formkoerpern mit verbesserten, isotropen eigenschaften |
| US4624705A (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1986-11-25 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Mechanical alloying |
-
1987
- 1987-01-23 EP EP87100949A patent/EP0232772B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1987-01-23 DE DE8787100949T patent/DE3761255D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-01-29 US US07/008,785 patent/US4735770A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-02-02 JP JP62022268A patent/JPS62185801A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3785801A (en) * | 1968-03-01 | 1974-01-15 | Int Nickel Co | Consolidated composite materials by powder metallurgy |
| WO1984002926A1 (fr) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-02 | California Inst Of Techn | Formation de materiaux amorphes |
| EP0200079A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-26 | 1986-11-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Préparation d'une ébauche métallique d'un alliage amorphe |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, Band 43, Nr. 11, 1. Dezember 1983, Seiten 1017 -1020, American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, GB; C.C. KOCH et al.: "Preparation of "amorphous" Ni60 Nb40 mechanical alloying" * |
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Band 103, Nr. 17, 28. Oktober 1985, Seite 719, Zusammenfassung Nr. 152451f, Columbus, Ohio, US; & JP-A-60 91 601 (SUMITOMO SPECIAL METALS CO.) 23.05.1985 * |
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Band 83, Nr. 3, 21. Juli 1975, Seite 235, Zusammenfassung Nr. 31785c, Columbus, Ohio, US; K.P. TSOMAYA: "Electron microscopic and electron diffraction studies of dispersed boron powders" & POROSHK. METALL. 1975, Nr. 3, Seiten 6-10 * |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0243641B1 (fr) * | 1986-03-27 | 1990-07-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau à propriété magnétique permanente à partir de poudre |
| EP0288785A2 (fr) * | 1987-04-29 | 1988-11-02 | Fried. Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp | Procédé de préparation de matériau ayant une structure nanocristalline |
| EP0288785A3 (en) * | 1987-04-29 | 1989-05-17 | Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Process for preparing powders, and articles with a nanocprocess for preparing powders, and articles with a nanocrystalline structure rystalline structure |
| EP0391914A1 (fr) * | 1987-11-03 | 1990-10-17 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Procede de preparation d'un article massif en metal amorphe |
| EP0391914A4 (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1990-12-27 | Allied-Signal Inc. (A Delaware Corporation) | A method of preparing a bulk amorphous metal article |
| EP0319786A1 (fr) * | 1987-12-04 | 1989-06-14 | Fried. Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp | Procédé pour la préparation de poudre secondaire à structure nanocristalline et à surface fermée |
| US5149381A (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1992-09-22 | Fried.Krupp Gmbh | Method of making a composite powder comprising nanocrystallites embedded in an amorphous phase |
| EP0339366A1 (fr) * | 1988-04-20 | 1989-11-02 | Fried. Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp | Procédé de préparation de poudre métal-métalloide, ayant une structure très fine à nanocristalline |
| US5147449A (en) * | 1988-04-20 | 1992-09-15 | Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Process for production of metal-metalmetalloid powders with their articles having ultramicrocrystalline to nanocrystalline structure |
| EP0494899A1 (fr) * | 1989-10-03 | 1992-07-22 | The Australian National University | Appareil de broyage a billes |
| EP0494899A4 (en) * | 1989-10-03 | 1993-09-01 | The Australian National University | Ball milling apparatus and method, and production of metallic amorphous materials |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0356281B2 (fr) | 1991-08-27 |
| DE3761255D1 (de) | 1990-02-01 |
| JPS62185801A (ja) | 1987-08-14 |
| EP0232772B1 (fr) | 1989-12-27 |
| US4735770A (en) | 1988-04-05 |
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