EP0231404B1 - Earth pressure shield - Google Patents

Earth pressure shield Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0231404B1
EP0231404B1 EP86100197A EP86100197A EP0231404B1 EP 0231404 B1 EP0231404 B1 EP 0231404B1 EP 86100197 A EP86100197 A EP 86100197A EP 86100197 A EP86100197 A EP 86100197A EP 0231404 B1 EP0231404 B1 EP 0231404B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
pressure
torus
homogenizing agent
shield
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP86100197A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0231404A1 (en
Inventor
Erich Dipl.-Ing. Jacob
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Wayss and Freytag AG
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Wayss and Freytag AG
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Priority to EP86100197A priority Critical patent/EP0231404B1/en
Priority to DE8686100197T priority patent/DE3676184D1/en
Publication of EP0231404A1 publication Critical patent/EP0231404A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
    • E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an earth pressure shield, as described in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Earth pressure shields are shields in which the mechanically loosened floor fills the front space of the shield between the face and the guide wall.
  • the filling of the soil supports the face by coordinating the shield advance speed and soil extraction via the screw conveyor.
  • soil extraction and extraction are coordinated so that there is no soil deficit and therefore no risk of settlement.
  • drum shield has a funnel-shaped guide wall which is firmly connected to the removal tool.
  • the second type of shield only the dismantling and kneading tools rotate.
  • the front space is closed at the rear by a baffle that is tightly and firmly built into the shield construction.
  • the earth pressure is measured by means of pressure cells in the front chamber.
  • the measurement is not visibly used to control the metering of homogenizing agents. Even if the metering of homogenizing agent were to be controlled as a function of the measured earth pressure in the front chamber, this would be cumbersome due to the introduction of the homogenizing agent through narrow lines from a storage container arranged at the rear.
  • the earth pressure can be measured via the liquid pressure on a hydraulically supported plate which regulates the access of the extracted soil to the conveyor device. A feedback of the measured pressure with the amount of the homogenizing agent to be supplied is not provided.
  • a disadvantage of the known earth pressure shields is therefore that the maintenance of a constant support pressure of a certain size cannot be reliably guaranteed.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop an earth pressure shield so that with a simple, low-maintenance device, the support pressure can be securely held in the front space and, at the same time, the loosened soil can be homogenized.
  • a liquid pressure in the annular chamber which is at least equal to the required supporting pressure in the front chamber, and a delivery capacity of the screw conveyor, which is slightly greater than that determined by the speed of advance, are matched to the soil properties determined by previous explorations amount of soil removed, given.
  • the removed soil is a soft-plastic mass with liquid-like properties or is prepared accordingly by adding homogenizing agents.
  • the check valves open and the homogenizing agent continues to flow until the liquid pressure in the front chamber is approximately equal to the pressure of the liquid in the annular chamber. This restores the support, because there is at least one pressure in the annular chamber at the level of the support pressure.
  • the supporting liquid is also a homogenizing agent and the soil is constantly mixed with the liquid by kneading tools rotating in the front space, the soil can always be kept in a consistency that is optimal for continuous removal by the screw conveyor.
  • the earth pressure shield according to the invention can be operated as a compressed air shield.
  • an automatic material lock must be arranged at the end of the screw conveyor.
  • the bulkhead 2 delimits the front part of the shield under pressure.
  • the removal tool 3 removes the floor from the front chamber 6 which is open to the working face.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 shows an earth pressure shield with a rotating front chamber 13.
  • the gap 14 which is open between the removal tool 3 or the guide wall 11 and the shield casing 15 and allows the rotation of the removal tool 3 with the front chamber 13 to be unsealed.
  • the penetration of groundwater and soil through the gap 14 is prevented by excess pressure in the filling medium of the annular chamber 12 - liquid in the example according to FIG. 2, air in the example according to FIG. 3.
  • the front chamber 6, 13 is bounded at the rear by the guide wall 4, 11.
  • the guide wall 4, 11 and the bulkhead 2 enclose the annular chamber 5 and 12 between them.
  • shut-off elements 7 controlled by the pressure prevailing in the front chamber 6, 13 are arranged in openings 29 for supplying homogenizing agents.
  • the front chamber 6, 13 is accessible through a manhole 8 and a lock 9.
  • the dissolved homogenized soil is conveyed out of the front chamber 6, 13 by means of a screw conveyor 10.
  • the liquid pressure of the homogenizing agent in the annular chamber 5, 12 is kept constant by the compressed air cushion 18 in the pressure chamber 27 via a control device 17.
  • the homogenization agent is supplied by a pump 16 and is controlled by an electrical transmitter 28 via the liquid level in the chamber 27.
  • the annular chamber 5, 12 is supplied with compressed air via the line 20.
  • an automatic material lock 19 is then installed instead of the adjustable slide 21 otherwise used.
  • Fig. 4 shows the example of a shut-off device 7, which sits in the openings 29 of the guide wall 4, 11 and controls the inflow of homogenizing agent from the annular chamber 5, 12 to the front chamber 6, 13.
  • the movement of the membrane 22 is converted via a lever linkage 23 into a movement of the piston 25, which thus causes the feed line 26 for the homogenizing agent introduced into the valve 24 to open or close.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Erddruckschild, wie er im Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 1 beschrieben ist.The invention relates to an earth pressure shield, as described in the preamble of claim 1.

Als Erddruckschilde werden Schilde bezeichnet, bei denen der mechanisch gelöste Boden den Frontraum des Schildes zwischen Ortsbrust und der Leitwand satt füllt. Die Bodenfüllung bewirkt die Stützung der Ortsbrust, indem Schildvortriebsgeschwindigkeit und Bodenabzug über die Transportschnecke koordiniert werden. Mit Hilfe permanenter Erddruckmessungen vor Ort werden Bodenabzug und Bodengewinnung so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß kein Bodendefizit und damit keine Setzungsgefahr entsteht.Earth pressure shields are shields in which the mechanically loosened floor fills the front space of the shield between the face and the guide wall. The filling of the soil supports the face by coordinating the shield advance speed and soil extraction via the screw conveyor. With the help of permanent earth pressure measurements on site, soil extraction and extraction are coordinated so that there is no soil deficit and therefore no risk of settlement.

Vom Erddruckschild gibt es zwei Ausführungsarten. Der sogenannte Trommelschild weist eine trichterförmig ausgebildete Leitwand auf, die mit dem Abbauwerkzeug fest verbunden ist. Der gesamte von der Leitwand umschlossene vordere Schildraum, in dem sich der abgebaute Boden befindet, rotiert mit dem Abbauwerkzeug. Bei dem zweiten Schildtyp rotieren nur die Abbau- und Knetwerkzeuge. Der Frontraum ist rückwärtig durch eine dicht und fest in der Schildkonstruktion eingebaute Leitwand geschlossen.There are two types of earth pressure sign. The so-called drum shield has a funnel-shaped guide wall which is firmly connected to the removal tool. The entire front shield space enclosed by the guide wall, in which the dismantled floor is located, rotates with the dismantling tool. In the second type of shield, only the dismantling and kneading tools rotate. The front space is closed at the rear by a baffle that is tightly and firmly built into the shield construction.

Aus den Patentschriften GB-A-1 570 329 und EP-A-42 993 ist es bekannt, einen Erddruckschild mit Injektionsvorrichtungen zu versehen, die dazu dienen, einen Boden mit größerer innerer Reibung, der unbehandelt für den Transport in einer Förderschnecke weniger geeignet ist, nach dem Abbau durch Zusatz von Bentonitsuspension oder aufbereitetem Boden zu homogenisieren, d.h. ihm vor Eintritt in die Transportschnecke einen weichplastischen Charakter zu geben. Es ist aus diesen Veröffentlichungen auch bekannt, den Druck des hereingewonnenen Bodens in der Frontkammer zu messen.From the patents GB-A-1 570 329 and EP-A-42 993 it is known to provide an earth pressure shield with injection devices which serve to produce a soil with greater internal friction, which is less suitable, if not treated, for transport in a screw conveyor to homogenize after mining by adding bentonite suspension or prepared soil, ie to give it a soft plastic character before entering the screw conveyor. It is also known from these publications to measure the pressure of the soil gained in the front chamber.

Bei dem Schild nach der GB-A-1570 329 wird der Erddruck mittels Druckmeßdosen in der Frontkammer gemessen. Die Messung wird jedoch nicht erkennbar zur Steuerung der Zudosierung von Homogenisierungsmittel benutzt. Selbst wenn eine Steuerung der Zudosierung von Homogenisierungsmittel abhängig vom gemessenen Erddruck in der Frontkammer vorgesehen würde, wäre diese durch die Heranführung des Homogenisierungsmittels durch enge Leitungen aus einem rückwärtig angeordneten Vorratsbehälter schwerfällig.With the shield according to GB-A-1570 329, the earth pressure is measured by means of pressure cells in the front chamber. However, the measurement is not visibly used to control the metering of homogenizing agents. Even if the metering of homogenizing agent were to be controlled as a function of the measured earth pressure in the front chamber, this would be cumbersome due to the introduction of the homogenizing agent through narrow lines from a storage container arranged at the rear.

Nach der EP-A-42 993 ist der Erddruck über den Flüssigkeitsdruck auf einer den Zutritt des hereingewonnenen Bodens zur Fördervorrichtung regelnde hydraulisch gestützte Platte meßbar. Eine Rückkoppelung des gemessenen Druckes mit der Menge des zuzuführenden Homogenisierungsmittels ist nicht vorgesehen.According to EP-A-42 993, the earth pressure can be measured via the liquid pressure on a hydraulically supported plate which regulates the access of the extracted soil to the conveyor device. A feedback of the measured pressure with the amount of the homogenizing agent to be supplied is not provided.

Die Abstimmung des Bodenabzugs mit der Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit bereitet wegen der Inkompressibilität des Bodens Schwierigkeiten.The coordination of the soil extraction with the speed of advance causes difficulties because of the incompressibility of the soil.

Es kann der Fall eintreten, daß die Frontkammer nicht satt mit Boden gefüllt und ein ausreichender Druck zur Stützung der Ortsbrust zeitweilig nicht vorhanden ist. Die Steuerung der Vortriebs- und Fördervorgänge zur Wiederherstellung des erforderlichen Stützdrucks mit Hilfe von Druckmeßdosen in der Frontkammer ist schwerfällig und kann Einbrüche an der Ortsbrust und Setzungen nicht immer verhindern.It can happen that the front chamber is not fully filled with soil and there is temporarily insufficient pressure to support the working face. The control of the driving and conveying processes to restore the required support pressure with the help of pressure cells in the front chamber is cumbersome and cannot always prevent burglaries on the face and subsidence.

Als nachteilig bei den bekannten Erddruckschilden wird daher angesehen, daß die Aufrechterhaltung eines gleichbleibenden Stützdrucks von bestimmter Größe nicht zuverlässig gewährleistet werden kann. Die nicht selbsttätig durch den Erddruck im Frontraum des Schildes gesteuerte Injizierung des hereingewonnenen Bodens mit Homogenisierungsmittel ist ein Vorgang, der zusätzliche Überwachung und Betriebsaufwand erfordert.A disadvantage of the known earth pressure shields is therefore that the maintenance of a constant support pressure of a certain size cannot be reliably guaranteed. The injection of the soil gained with homogenizing agent, which is not automatically controlled by the earth pressure in the front space of the shield, is a process that requires additional monitoring and operating expenditure.

Darüberhinaus stellt bei der bekannten Ausführung eines Erddruckschildes mit Trommel nach der GB-A-1570 329 Fig. 4 A und 5 A das zwischen der rotierenden Trommel und der umgebenden festen Schildkonstruktion erforderliche komplizierte Dichtungssystem, das Boden- und Wassereintritt verhindern soll, ein konstruktiv schwieriges und aufwendiges Problem dar. Ein solches Dichtungssystem ist störungsanfällig und führt zu einer Erhöhung des erforderlichen Drehmoments.In addition, in the known embodiment of an earth pressure shield with a drum according to GB-A-1570 329, FIGS. 4 A and 5 A, the complicated sealing system required between the rotating drum and the surrounding fixed shield construction, which is intended to prevent soil and water from entering, is a structurally difficult one and complex problem. Such a sealing system is susceptible to failure and leads to an increase in the required torque.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Erddruckschild so weiterzuentwickeln, daß mit einer einfachen wartungsarmen Vorrichtung sicher der Stützdruck im Frontraum gehalten und zugleich der gelöste Boden homogenisiert werden kann.The object of the invention is to further develop an earth pressure shield so that with a simple, low-maintenance device, the support pressure can be securely held in the front space and, at the same time, the loosened soil can be homogenized.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 beschriebenen Mittel gelöst. Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.The object is achieved by the means described in the characterizing part of claim 1. Embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

Beim Vortrieb mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schild werden - abgestimmt auf die durch vorherige Erkundungen festgestellten Bodenkennwerte - ein Flüssigkeitsdruck in der Ringkammer, der mindestens gleich dem erforderlichen Stützdruck in der Frontkammer ist, und eine Förderleistung der Förderschnecke, die geringfügig größer ist als die durch die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit bestimmte abgebaute Bodenmenge, vorgegeben. Der abgeförderte Boden ist eine weich-plastische Masse mit flüssigkeitsähnlichen Eigenschaften oder wird durch Zugabe von Homogenisierungsmittel entsprechend aufbereitet.When driving with the shield according to the invention, a liquid pressure in the annular chamber, which is at least equal to the required supporting pressure in the front chamber, and a delivery capacity of the screw conveyor, which is slightly greater than that determined by the speed of advance, are matched to the soil properties determined by previous explorations amount of soil removed, given. The removed soil is a soft-plastic mass with liquid-like properties or is prepared accordingly by adding homogenizing agents.

Wenn während des Vortriebs der Stützdruck in der Frontkammer abfällt, wodurch Einbrüche der Ortsbrust verursacht werden könnten, öffnen sich die Rückschlagventile und Homogenisierungsmittel fließt so lange nach, bis der Flüssigkeitsdruck in der Frontkammer etwa wieder gleich dem Druck der Flüssigkeit in der Ringkammer ist. Damit ist die Stützung wieder hergestellt, denn in der Ringkammer herrscht planmäßig mindestens ein Druck in Höhe des Stützdruckes.If during the advance the support pressure in the front chamber drops, which could cause the face to collapse, the check valves open and the homogenizing agent continues to flow until the liquid pressure in the front chamber is approximately equal to the pressure of the liquid in the annular chamber. This restores the support, because there is at least one pressure in the annular chamber at the level of the support pressure.

Da die Stützflüssigkeit zugleich Homogenisierungsmittel ist und der Boden durch im Frontraum rotierende Knetwerkzeuge ständig mit der Flüssigkeit vermischt wird, kann der Boden immer in einer für den stetigen Abtransport durch die Förderschnecke optimalen Konsistenz gehalten werden.Since the supporting liquid is also a homogenizing agent and the soil is constantly mixed with the liquid by kneading tools rotating in the front space, the soil can always be kept in a consistency that is optimal for continuous removal by the screw conveyor.

Die Beaufschlagung der Ringkammer mit Homogenisierungsmittel, das unter einem Flüssigkeitsdruck steht, der mindestens dem Stützdruck des umliegenden Gebirges entspricht, läßt beim Erddruckschild mit Trommel weder Grundwasser noch Boden durch den Spalt zwischen Schildmantel und Trommel in den Schildraum eindringen. Eine aufwendige Dichtungskonstruktion an dieser Stelle kann damit entfallen.The application of homogenizing agent to the annular chamber, which is under a liquid pressure which is at least the support pressure of the surrounding area corresponds to the mountains, does not allow groundwater or soil to penetrate into the shield space through the gap between the shield casing and the drum with the earth pressure shield with drum. An elaborate seal construction at this point can thus be omitted.

Bei günstigen Bodenbedingungen kann der erfindungsgemäße Erddruckschild als Druckluftschild gefahren werden. In diesem Fall muß am Ende der Förderschnecke eine automatische Materialschleuse angeordnet werden.In favorable soil conditions, the earth pressure shield according to the invention can be operated as a compressed air shield. In this case, an automatic material lock must be arranged at the end of the screw conveyor.

Die Erfindung wird durch die Figuren 1 bis 4 erläutert.The invention is illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 4.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 bis 3 Beispiele erfindungsgemäßer Erddruckschilde im Längsschnitt:
    • Fig. 1 mit festeingebauter Leitwand 4,
    • Fig. 2 mit rotierender, trichterförmiger Leitwand 11,
    • Fig. 3 für Druckluftbetrieb mit rotierender Leitwand 11 und automatischer Materialschleuse 19,
    • Fig. 4 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rückschlagventils,
    • Fig. 5 eine Ansicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Erddruckschild mit Trommel von vorn.
Show it:
  • 1 to 3 examples of earth pressure shields according to the invention in longitudinal section:
    • 1 with a fixed guide wall 4,
    • 2 with rotating, funnel-shaped guide wall 11,
    • 3 for compressed air operation with rotating guide wall 11 and automatic material lock 19,
    • 4 shows an embodiment of a check valve,
    • Fig. 5 is a view of an earth pressure shield according to the invention with a drum from the front.

Bei einem Schild 1 begrenzt die Schottwand 2 den vorderen unter Druck stehenden Schildteil. Das Abbauwerkzeug 3 baut in der zur Ortsbrust offenen Frontkammer 6 den Boden ab.With a shield 1, the bulkhead 2 delimits the front part of the shield under pressure. The removal tool 3 removes the floor from the front chamber 6 which is open to the working face.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 zeigt einen Erddruckschild mit rotierender Frontkammer 13. Der zwischen dem Abbauwerkzeug 3 bzw. der Leitwand 11 und dem Schildmantel 15 offenstehende, die Rotation des Abbauwerkzeuges 3 mit der Frontkammer 13 zulassende Spalt 14 ist ungedichtet. Das Eindringen von Grundwasser und Boden durch den Spalt 14 wird durch Überdruck in dem Füllmedium der Ringkammer 12 - Flüssigkeit im Beispiel nach Fig. 2, Luft im Beispiel nach Fig. 3 - verhindert.The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 shows an earth pressure shield with a rotating front chamber 13. The gap 14 which is open between the removal tool 3 or the guide wall 11 and the shield casing 15 and allows the rotation of the removal tool 3 with the front chamber 13 to be unsealed. The penetration of groundwater and soil through the gap 14 is prevented by excess pressure in the filling medium of the annular chamber 12 - liquid in the example according to FIG. 2, air in the example according to FIG. 3.

Die Frontkammer 6, 13 wird rückwärtig durch die Leitwand 4, 11 begrenzt. Die Leitwand 4, 11 und die Schottwand 2 schließen zwischen sich die Ringkammer 5 bzw. 12 ein. In der Leitwand 4, 11 sind vom in der Frontkammer 6, 13 herrschenden Druck gesteuerte Absperrorgane 7 in Öffnungen 29 zur Zuführung von Homogenisierungsmittel angeordnet. Die Frontkammer 6, 13 ist durch ein Mannloch 8 und eine Schleuse 9 begehbar. Der gelöste homogenisierte Boden wird mittels einer Förderschnecke 10 aus der Frontkammer 6, 13 herausgefördert.The front chamber 6, 13 is bounded at the rear by the guide wall 4, 11. The guide wall 4, 11 and the bulkhead 2 enclose the annular chamber 5 and 12 between them. In the guide wall 4, 11, shut-off elements 7 controlled by the pressure prevailing in the front chamber 6, 13 are arranged in openings 29 for supplying homogenizing agents. The front chamber 6, 13 is accessible through a manhole 8 and a lock 9. The dissolved homogenized soil is conveyed out of the front chamber 6, 13 by means of a screw conveyor 10.

Der Flüssigkeitsdruck des Homogenisierungsmittels in der Ringkammer 5, 12 wird in den Beispielen durch das Druckluftpolster 18 in der Druckkammer 27 über ein Steuergerät 17 konstant gehalten. Die Zufuhr des Homogenisierungsmittels erfolgt durch eine Pumpe 16 und wird von einem elektrischen Geber 28 über den Flüssigkeitsstand in der Kammer 27 gesteuert.In the examples, the liquid pressure of the homogenizing agent in the annular chamber 5, 12 is kept constant by the compressed air cushion 18 in the pressure chamber 27 via a control device 17. The homogenization agent is supplied by a pump 16 and is controlled by an electrical transmitter 28 via the liquid level in the chamber 27.

Für den Druckluftbetrieb des erfindungsgemäßen Schildes wird die Ringkammer 5, 12 über die Leitung 20 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt. Am Ende der Förderschnecke wird dann anstelle des sonst verwendeten regelbaren Schiebers 21 eine automatische Materialschleuse 19 eingebaut.For the compressed air operation of the shield according to the invention, the annular chamber 5, 12 is supplied with compressed air via the line 20. At the end of the screw conveyor, an automatic material lock 19 is then installed instead of the adjustable slide 21 otherwise used.

Fig. 4 zeigt das Beispiel eines Absperrorgans 7, das in den Öffnungen 29 der Leitwand 4, 11 sitzt und den Zufluß von Homogenisierungsmittel von der Ringkammer 5, 12 zur Frontkammer 6, 13 regelt. Die Bewegung der Membran 22 wird über ein Hebelgestänge 23 in eine Bewegung des Kolbens 25 überführt, der damit ein Öffnen oder Schließen der in das Ventil 24 eingeführten Zuleitung 26 für das Homogenisierungsmittel bewirkt.Fig. 4 shows the example of a shut-off device 7, which sits in the openings 29 of the guide wall 4, 11 and controls the inflow of homogenizing agent from the annular chamber 5, 12 to the front chamber 6, 13. The movement of the membrane 22 is converted via a lever linkage 23 into a movement of the piston 25, which thus causes the feed line 26 for the homogenizing agent introduced into the valve 24 to open or close.

Claims (6)

1. Earth pressure balanced shield (EPBS) (1) for excavating plastic and mechanically extractable soils - for example using screw conveyors (10) - by means of a rotating excavating tool (3) with a fixed intermediate wall (4, 11) closing the front chamber (6, 13) at its backside, the shield exhibiting openings (29) in the intermediate wall for adding agents for plastifying the excavated material as well as devices for measuring the pressure of the excavated material in the front chamber (6, 13), characterized by
- A torus-like chamber (5, 12) which may be charged with the flowing homogenizing agent is built around the screw conveyor (10) housing between the bulkhead (2) and the intermediate wall (4,11).
- A given pressure - at least the required stabilizing pressure for the front - may be applied to the homogenizing agent in the torus-like chamber (5, 12) by means of a suitable and known device.
- Each opening (29) in the intermediate wall (4, 11) for adding the homogenizing agent is equipped with a shutting device (7) which is automatically controlled by measuring the pressure of the excavated material in the front chamber (6, 13) in a way that it will close when the pressure in the front chamber (6, 13) exceeds a given pressure in the torus-like chamber (5, 12) and that it will open when the pressure falls below this predetermined value.
2. EPBS according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the pressure of the homogenizing agent in the torus-like chamber (5, 12) is controlled by a compressed air cushion (18) acting on the free surface of the homogenizing agent in a chamber (27); a communicating connection between the homogenizing agent and the homogenizing agent in the torus-like chamber (5, 12) is realized by an opening in the bulkhead (2) below the free surface.
3. EPBS according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the facts that the intermediate wall (11) and the excavating tool constitute a rotating unit and that the annular gap (14) between the intermediate wall (11) and the skirt (15) may be sealed by the pressurized homogenizing agent in the torus-like chamber (12).
4. EPBS according to claims 1 to 3, characterized by the facts that a pump (16) is provided for charging the torus-like chamber (5, 12) with the homogenizing agent, the pump being controlled by the liquid level in the pressure chamber (27) through an electric gauge (28), and that the pressure of the homogenizing agent in the torus-like chamber (5, 12) is kept constant at a desired value through the air cushion (18) in the pressure chamber (27).
5. EPBS according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the shield, which is equipped with an automatic material lock (19) at the end of the screw conveyor (10) and which is built in a way that compressed air of a constant pressure may be applied to the torus-like chamber (5, 12) through the existing pipe (20), may be used as a compressed air shield.
6. EPBS according to claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the shutting device (7) consists of the following parts:
- a diaphragm (22) made of resistant material - such as rubber with a protective plate made of steel - which will be displaced subject to the pressure existing in the front chamber (6, 13);
- a lever mechanism (23) which transfers the displacement of the diaphragm (22) to a piston-type valve (24); and
- a piston-type valve (24) in which a piston (25) - with an increasing displacement of the diaphragm (22) - shuts a supply pipe (26) through which the homogenizing agent from the torus-like chamber (5, 12) may be supplied into the front chamber (6, 13).
EP86100197A 1986-01-09 1986-01-09 Earth pressure shield Expired - Lifetime EP0231404B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86100197A EP0231404B1 (en) 1986-01-09 1986-01-09 Earth pressure shield
DE8686100197T DE3676184D1 (en) 1986-01-09 1986-01-09 EARTH SHIELD.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86100197A EP0231404B1 (en) 1986-01-09 1986-01-09 Earth pressure shield

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0231404A1 EP0231404A1 (en) 1987-08-12
EP0231404B1 true EP0231404B1 (en) 1990-12-12

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3936801C1 (en) * 1989-11-04 1991-04-11 Wayss & Freytag Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De Method of driving tunnel - involves forming chamber by bulkhead in which milling disc operates to cut face and loosen earth
CH683861A5 (en) * 1991-10-30 1994-05-31 Heierli & Co Patentverwertungs Tunneling machine.
ATE262112T1 (en) * 2000-07-12 2004-04-15 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten SHIELD PROPULSION MACHINE FOR TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1570329A (en) * 1976-02-12 1980-06-25 Daiko Const Method and apparatus for excavating horizontal tunnels
GB1573946A (en) * 1976-04-05 1980-08-28 Tekken Constr Co Automatic tunnel face hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus in shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system
DE2709739C2 (en) * 1977-03-05 1986-01-23 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Shield tunneling device with liquid-supported face
US4165129A (en) * 1977-11-17 1979-08-21 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Shield tunneling machine and method
DE2909395A1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-18 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Loose earth tunnel or gallery driving excavator - has variously spaced openings in concentrically revolving arms over whole head radius
KR850000535B1 (en) * 1980-06-30 1985-04-17 가부시기 가이샤 이세끼 가이하쓰 고오기 Method for making tunnels by using a driving shield
DE3330635A1 (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-03-21 Wayss & Freytag Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Driving shield

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EP0231404A1 (en) 1987-08-12
DE3676184D1 (en) 1991-01-24

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