EP0230797B1 - Radiant burner with a ceramic frame - Google Patents

Radiant burner with a ceramic frame Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0230797B1
EP0230797B1 EP86402108A EP86402108A EP0230797B1 EP 0230797 B1 EP0230797 B1 EP 0230797B1 EP 86402108 A EP86402108 A EP 86402108A EP 86402108 A EP86402108 A EP 86402108A EP 0230797 B1 EP0230797 B1 EP 0230797B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiant
ceramic frame
burner
peripheral
radiant burner
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP86402108A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0230797A1 (en
Inventor
Marc Laspeyres
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86402108T priority Critical patent/ATE66729T1/en
Publication of EP0230797A1 publication Critical patent/EP0230797A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/149Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with wires, threads or gauzes as radiation intensifying means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D14/00Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/148Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with grids, e.g. strips or rods, as radiation intensifying means

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of radiant burners. It relates more specifically to a radiant burner provided with a ceramic frame.
  • Radiant burners consist of a body limiting a premix chamber on which was (are) placed one (or more) wafer (s), for example, with a radiated dimpled face above which was arranged or not a grid, these three elements being optionally secured by appropriate means.
  • the mounting of these various elements was done from above, that is to say that the grid was fixed last by said means to the body.
  • a radiant burner has therefore been proposed which is different from the radiant burners of the prior art, and which overcomes to a very large extent the abovementioned drawbacks due to thermal stresses and caloric losses.
  • the patent in the United States US-A-3 114 410 describes such a burner comprising a screen fixed with free movement, a radiant plate enveloped by a peripheral strip associated with a body limiting a pre-mixing chamber of the burner, and a ceramic frame having an internal peripheral structure for receiving the peripheral edge of the screen and constituting a combustion chamber isolated from any peripheral metal part.
  • the assembly of the elements of this burner was carried out as previously.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a radiant burner whose assembly is easier and more functional than that of the radiant burners of the prior art, and which, naturally, like the last mentioned, limits the lateral caloric losses and therefore, rear by conduction, and allows a better concentration of the heat energy inside the combustion chamber, resulting in an improved radiative balance in the front part of the burner, because it is provided with an internal peripheral frame made of ceramic material in the front of the burner.
  • the present invention relates more specifically to a radiant burner of the type comprising a screen fixed with free movement, at least one radiant plate enveloped by a peripheral strip associated with a body limiting a premix chamber of said burner, and a frame ceramic having an internal peripheral structure making it possible to receive the peripheral edge of the screen and constituting a combustion chamber isolated from any peripheral metallic part, burner characterized in that the ceramic frame is in abutment against an upper flange of the peripheral strip, and this headband is made integral with the body by an elastic system.
  • the ceramic frame consists of a continuous molding having at least one internal gutter.
  • the ceramic frame consists of profiled elements or bars having at least one internal support gutter.
  • the ceramic frame consists of profiled elements or bars having an upper shoulder intended to receive the grid.
  • the ceramic frame has a lower shoulder for receiving the radiant plate and an overlying peripheral gutter in which the grid is housed.
  • the radiant burner according to the invention consists of a peripheral strip 1 secured by its lower zone with a burner body 2 and delimiting a pre-mixing chamber and internally having a deflecting structure 3.
  • a radiant plate 4 On this body 2 is also placed a radiant plate 4 on which rests a ceramic frame 7 in close contact by its upper face with the strip 1 and having on its internal face, a peripheral groove or gutter 7a in which the screen 5 engages.
  • This ceramic frame 7 bearing against the radiant plate 4) is held by the internal flange 1 a of the strip 1.
  • a nozzle 6 On the lower opening of the body 2 is attached a nozzle 6.
  • FIG. 3 shows on a larger scale, and in cross section, an element of the ceramic frame 7 with its groove intended to receive the external zone of the radiant screen 5.
  • the element 9 of the ceramic frame has an upper gutter 9a and intended to receive the peripheral edge of the radiant screen 5 and a lower gutter 9b intended to receive the peripheral zone of the radiant plate 4, and which is provided with a ceramic seal 11. It will be noted that the thickness of the ceramic element decreases from its lower edge to the upper edge of the gutter 9b.
  • the element of the ceramic frame has substantially the same shape as the ceramic element of FIG. 4, in particular as regards the respective gutters 9b and 1Ob of the bodies 9 and 1O, while the gutter 9a is replaced by a shoulder 10a on which the radiant screen 5 will come to bear.
  • the radiant plate 4 has, in the case of a honeycomb radiating face, a structure as claimed in French patent 82 17.O7O of October 11, 1982, structure in which the cells have a hexagonal structure with a central hole 12b and six peripheral holes 12a which, in this embodiment, can be closed.
  • the radiant plate is made of refractory material, for example based on ceramic, the screen of refractory alloy, for example an Ni / Cr alloy in the proportion of 70 to 30%. , respectively.
  • the constituent elements of the ceramic frame can be obtained by extrusion of ceramic material, it is preferable to mold them so as to comply to a greater extent with the manufacturing tolerances, without excluding possible rectification.
  • the mounting of the various constituent elements of the radiant burner of the invention can be done by stacking either from above or from below, and allows automated mounting, not requiring assembly elements, the strip being joined to the body by an elastic system, for example by crushing a spring of suitable shape between the body and a rear flange of the strip, such as a blade or a flange.
  • One can use for the constituent elements of the radiant burner of the invention all alloys and refractory compositions provided that they have the characteristics appropriate to the use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

The present application relates to a radiant burner comprising a screen (5) and a radiant panel (4) enveloped by a peripheral surround (1), associated with a body (2) delimiting the pre-mixing chamber. According to the invention, there is provided, bearing against an upper flange of the surround (1), a ceramic frame (7) having an internal peripheral structure (7a) which makes it possible to support the grill (5). <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention est du domaine des brûleurs radiants. Elle vise plus précisément un brûleur radiant pourvu d'un cadre céramique.The invention is in the field of radiant burners. It relates more specifically to a radiant burner provided with a ceramic frame.

On a connu des brûleurs radiants qui étaient constitués d'un corps limitant une chambre de prémélange sur lequel étai(en)t disposée(s) une (ou plusieurs) plaquette(s), par exemple, à face rayonnante alvéolée au-dessus de laquelle était disposée ou non une grille, ces trois éléments étant éventuellement solidarisés par des moyens appropriés. Le montage de ces divers éléments se faisait par le dessus, c'est-à-dire que la grille était fixée en dernier par lesdits moyens au corps.Radiant burners have been known which consist of a body limiting a premix chamber on which was (are) placed one (or more) wafer (s), for example, with a radiated dimpled face above which was arranged or not a grid, these three elements being optionally secured by appropriate means. The mounting of these various elements was done from above, that is to say that the grid was fixed last by said means to the body.

Une telle disposition dans laquelle la grille et la plaquette étaient en contact direct avec le corps se traduisait par des pertes caloriques importantes et par ailleurs, les surchauffes locales dues aux contraintes thermiques directes provoquaient une détérioration plus rapide de la grille et de la plaquette.Such an arrangement in which the grid and the wafer were in direct contact with the body resulted in significant caloric losses and moreover, the local overheating due to direct thermal stresses caused more rapid deterioration of the grid and the wafer.

On a donc proposé un brûleur radiant de conception différente des brûleurs radiants de la technique antérieure, et qui obvie dans une très large mesure aux inconvénients précités dus aux contraintes thermiques et aux pertes caloriques.A radiant burner has therefore been proposed which is different from the radiant burners of the prior art, and which overcomes to a very large extent the abovementioned drawbacks due to thermal stresses and caloric losses.

Plus particulièrement, on a cherché à réaliser un brûleur radiant dont la conception permette d'obtenir de meilleurs rendements au niveau de l'énergie rayonnée.More particularly, attempts have been made to produce a radiant burner whose design allows better yields to be obtained in terms of radiated energy.

Ainsi, le brevet aux Etats-Unis US-A-3 114 410 décrit un tel brûleur comportant un écran fixé à débattement libre, une plaque radiante enveloppée par un bandeau périphérique associé à un corps limitant une chambre de pré-mélange du brûleur, et un cadre céramique présentant une structure périphérique interne permettant de recevoir le bord périphérique de l'écran et constituant une chambre de combustion isolée de toute partie métallique périphérique. Le montage des éléments de ce brûleur était effectué comme précédemment.Thus, the patent in the United States US-A-3 114 410 describes such a burner comprising a screen fixed with free movement, a radiant plate enveloped by a peripheral strip associated with a body limiting a pre-mixing chamber of the burner, and a ceramic frame having an internal peripheral structure for receiving the peripheral edge of the screen and constituting a combustion chamber isolated from any peripheral metal part. The assembly of the elements of this burner was carried out as previously.

L'objet de la présente invention est de fournir un brûleur radiant dont le montage est plus aisé et plus fonctionnel que celui des brûleurs radiants de la technique antérieure, et qui, naturellement, comme le dernier mentionné, limite les pertes caloriques latérales et donc, arrières par conduction, et permette une meilleure concentration de l'énergie calorifique à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion, se traduisant par un bilan radiatif amélioré en partie frontale du brûleur, du fait qu'il est pourvu d'un cadre périphérique interne en matériau céramique dans la partie frontale du brûleur.The object of the present invention is to provide a radiant burner whose assembly is easier and more functional than that of the radiant burners of the prior art, and which, naturally, like the last mentioned, limits the lateral caloric losses and therefore, rear by conduction, and allows a better concentration of the heat energy inside the combustion chamber, resulting in an improved radiative balance in the front part of the burner, because it is provided with an internal peripheral frame made of ceramic material in the front of the burner.

A cet effet, la présente invention vise plus précisément un brûleur radiant du type comportant un écran fixé à débattement libre, au moins une plaque radiante enveloppée par un bandeau périphérique associé à un corps limitant une chambre de pré-mélange dudit brûleur, et un cadre céramique présentant une structure périphérique interne permettant de recevoir le bord périphérique de l'écran et constituant une chambre de combustion isolée de toute partie métallique périphérique, brûleur caractérisé en ce que le cadre céramique est en appui contre une bride supérieure du bandeau périphérique, et ce bandeau est rendu solidaire du corps par un système élastique.To this end, the present invention relates more specifically to a radiant burner of the type comprising a screen fixed with free movement, at least one radiant plate enveloped by a peripheral strip associated with a body limiting a premix chamber of said burner, and a frame ceramic having an internal peripheral structure making it possible to receive the peripheral edge of the screen and constituting a combustion chamber isolated from any peripheral metallic part, burner characterized in that the ceramic frame is in abutment against an upper flange of the peripheral strip, and this headband is made integral with the body by an elastic system.

Selon une forme de réalisation de l'invention, le cadre céramique est constitué d'un moulage continu présentant au moins une gouttière interne.According to one embodiment of the invention, the ceramic frame consists of a continuous molding having at least one internal gutter.

Selon une seconde forme de réalisation de l'invention, le cadre céramique est constitué d'éléments ou barres profilés présentant au moins une gouttière d'appui interne.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the ceramic frame consists of profiled elements or bars having at least one internal support gutter.

Selon une première variante de cette seconde forme de réalisation, le cadre céramique est constitué d'éléments ou barres profilés présentant un épaulement supérieur destiné à recevoir la grille.According to a first variant of this second embodiment, the ceramic frame consists of profiled elements or bars having an upper shoulder intended to receive the grid.

Selon une seconde variante de cette seconde forme de réalisation, le cadre céramique présente un épaulement inférieur pour recevoir la plaquette radiante et une gouttière périphérique susjacente dans laquelle Vient se loger la grille .According to a second variant of this second embodiment, the ceramic frame has a lower shoulder for receiving the radiant plate and an overlying peripheral gutter in which the grid is housed.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description non-limitative de formes et modes de réalisation du brûleur radiant à cadre céramique de l'invention, faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • Fig.1 est une vue de dessus,partiellement arrachée d'un brûleur radiant,selon la présente invention;
  • Fig.2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un élément de cadre céramique,selon l'invention
  • Fig.4 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une autre forme de réalisation d'éléments de cadre céramique, selon l'invention;
  • Fig.5 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une troisième forme de réalisation de cadre céramique selon l'invention;
  • Fig.6 est une vue de dessus d'un détail A de la plaquette radiante incorporée au brûleur.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the non-limiting description of forms and embodiments of the radiant burner with ceramic frame of the invention, made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Fig.1 is a top view, partially broken away of a radiant burner, according to the present invention;
  • Fig.2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a ceramic frame element according to the invention
  • Fig.4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of ceramic frame elements according to the invention;
  • Fig.5 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a ceramic frame according to the invention;
  • Fig.6 is a top view of a detail A of the radiant plate incorporated in the burner.

Comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, le brûleur radiant selon l'invention est constitué d'un bandeau périphérique 1 solidarisé par sa zone inférieure avec un corps de brûleur 2 et délimitant une chambre de pré-mélange et présentant intérieurement une structure déflectrice 3.Sur ce corps 2 est également posée une plaquette radiante 4 sur laquelle repose un cadre céramique 7 en contact étroit par sa face supérieure avec le bandeau 1 et présentant sur sa face interne,une rainure ou gouttière périphérique 7a dans laquelle vient s'engager l'écran 5. Ce cadre céramique 7 en appui contre la plaquette radiante 4) est maintenu par la bride interne 1a du bandeau 1.Sur l'ouverture inférieure du corps 2 est fixé un embout 6.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the radiant burner according to the invention consists of a peripheral strip 1 secured by its lower zone with a burner body 2 and delimiting a pre-mixing chamber and internally having a deflecting structure 3. On this body 2 is also placed a radiant plate 4 on which rests a ceramic frame 7 in close contact by its upper face with the strip 1 and having on its internal face, a peripheral groove or gutter 7a in which the screen 5 engages. This ceramic frame 7 bearing against the radiant plate 4) is held by the internal flange 1 a of the strip 1. On the lower opening of the body 2 is attached a nozzle 6.

La figure 3 représente à plus grande échelle, et en coupe transversale, un élément du cadre céramique 7 avec sa rainure destinée à recevoir la zone externe de l'écran radiant 5.FIG. 3 shows on a larger scale, and in cross section, an element of the ceramic frame 7 with its groove intended to receive the external zone of the radiant screen 5.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 4, l'élément 9 du cadre céramique présente une gouttière supérieure 9a et destinée à recevoir le bord périphérique de l'écran radiant 5 et une gouttière inférieure 9b destinée à recevoir la zone périphérique de la plaquette radiante 4,et qui est pourvue d'un joint céramique d'étanchéité 11. On notera que l'épaiseur de l'élément céramique va en décroissant de son bord inférieur jusqu'au bord supérieur de la gouttière 9b.In the embodiment of Figure 4, the element 9 of the ceramic frame has an upper gutter 9a and intended to receive the peripheral edge of the radiant screen 5 and a lower gutter 9b intended to receive the peripheral zone of the radiant plate 4, and which is provided with a ceramic seal 11. It will be noted that the thickness of the ceramic element decreases from its lower edge to the upper edge of the gutter 9b.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 5, l'élément du cadre céramique a sensiblement la même forme que l'élément céramique de la figure 4,notamment en ce qui concerne les gouttières respectives 9b et 1Ob des corps 9 et 1O,tandis que la gouttière 9a est remplacée par un épaulement 1Oa sur lequel viendra prendre appui l'écran radiant 5.In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the element of the ceramic frame has substantially the same shape as the ceramic element of FIG. 4, in particular as regards the respective gutters 9b and 1Ob of the bodies 9 and 1O, while the gutter 9a is replaced by a shoulder 10a on which the radiant screen 5 will come to bear.

La plaquette radiante 4 présente, dans le cas d'une face rayonnante alvéolée,une structure telle que revendiquée dans le brevet francais 82 17.O7O du 11 Octobre 1982, structure dans laquelle les alvéoles présentent une structure hexagonale avec un trou central 12b et six trous périphériques 12a qui, dans cette forme de réalisation, peuvent être obturés.The radiant plate 4 has, in the case of a honeycomb radiating face, a structure as claimed in French patent 82 17.O7O of October 11, 1982, structure in which the cells have a hexagonal structure with a central hole 12b and six peripheral holes 12a which, in this embodiment, can be closed.

En ce qui concerne les matériaux constitutifs du brûleur radiant,on notera que la plaquette radiante esten matière réfractaire, par exemple à base de céramique, l'écran en alliage réfractaire, par exemple un alliage Ni/Cr dans la proportion de 7O à 3O%, respectivement. Bien que les éléments constitutifs du cadre céramique peuvent être obtenus par extrusion de matière céramique, il est préférable de les mouler de façon à respecter dans une plus large mesure, les tolérances de fabrication, sans exclure une éventuelle rectification .With regard to the constituent materials of the radiant burner, it will be noted that the radiant plate is made of refractory material, for example based on ceramic, the screen of refractory alloy, for example an Ni / Cr alloy in the proportion of 70 to 30%. , respectively. Although the constituent elements of the ceramic frame can be obtained by extrusion of ceramic material, it is preferable to mold them so as to comply to a greater extent with the manufacturing tolerances, without excluding possible rectification.

On notera que le montage des divers éléments constitutifs du brûleur radiant de l'invention peut se faire par empilement soit par le dessus, soit par le dessous , et permet un montage automatisé, ne nécessitant pas d'éléments d'assemblage, le bandeau étant rendu solidaire du corps          par un système élastique, par exemple par écrasement d'un ressort de forme appropriée entre le corps et une bride arrière du bandeau,tel qu'une lame ou un boudin.It will be noted that the mounting of the various constituent elements of the radiant burner of the invention can be done by stacking either from above or from below, and allows automated mounting, not requiring assembly elements, the strip being joined to the body            by an elastic system, for example by crushing a spring of suitable shape between the body and a rear flange of the strip, such as a blade or a flange.

Outre les avantages résultant du contrôle et de la diminution des contraintes thermiques, exposés ci-dessus, on notera également les avantages technologiques que procure la structure du brûleur radiant de l'invention:

  • liberté de débattement de l'écran à l'intérieur de la rainure lors des contraintes de dilatation, et le corps du brüleur;
  • isolation thermique de l'écran vis-à-vis des autres éléments constitutifs;
  • isolation thermique de la chambre de combustion vis-à-vis des éléments constitutifs non impliqués dans la production du rayonnement,comme par exemple le bandeau métallique ; et
  • suppression des contraintes mécaniques exercées sur la ou les plaquettes.
In addition to the advantages resulting from the control and the reduction of the thermal stresses, exposed above, one will also note the technological advantages which the structure of the radiant burner of the invention provides:
  • freedom of movement of the screen inside the groove during expansion constraints, and the body of the burner;
  • thermal insulation of the screen from other constituent elements;
  • thermal insulation of the combustion chamber from the constituent elements not involved in the production of radiation, such as for example the metal strip; and
  • removal of mechanical stresses exerted on the wafer (s).

On peut utiliser pour les éléments constitutifs du brûleur radiant de l'invention tous les alliages et compositions réfractaires pourvu qu'ils présentent les caractéristiques appropriées à l'usage.One can use for the constituent elements of the radiant burner of the invention all alloys and refractory compositions provided that they have the characteristics appropriate to the use.

Claims (7)

  1. A radiant burner of the type comprising a screen (5) fixed with free clearance, at least one radiant plate (4) cased in a peripheral fascia (1) associated with a body (2) bounding a premixing chamber of the said burner, and a ceramic frame (7, 9, 10) having an internal peripheral structure (7a, 9a, 10a) enabling the peripheral edge of the screen (5) to be received and constituting a combustion chamber insulated from any peripheral metallic part, a burner characterized in that the ceramic frame (7, 9, 10) rests against an upper flange (1a) of the peripheral fascia (1), and this fascia (1) is rendered firmly attached to the body (2) by an elastic system.
  2. A radiant burner in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic frame (7, 9) has an internal groove (7a, 9a) in which the peripheral edge of the screen (5) is placed.
  3. A radiant burner in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic frame (10) comprises a shoulder (10a) on which the screen (5) comes to rest.
  4. A radiant burner in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ceramic frame (7, 9, 10) comprises a lower internal groove (9b, 10b) intended to receive the small radiant plate (4).
  5. A radiant burner in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ceramic frame (7, 9, 10) is made by continuous moulding.
  6. A radiant burner in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ceramic frame (7, 9, 10) is made up of shaped elements.
  7. A radiant burner in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the elastic means is constituted by a spring leaf which is of appropriate shape and is between the body (2) and a rear flange of the said fascia (1).
EP86402108A 1985-09-26 1986-09-25 Radiant burner with a ceramic frame Expired - Lifetime EP0230797B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86402108T ATE66729T1 (en) 1985-09-26 1986-09-25 RADIANT BURNER WITH CERAMIC FRAME.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8514286A FR2587787B1 (en) 1985-09-26 1985-09-26 RADIANT BURNER WITH CERAMIC FRAME
FR8514286 1985-09-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0230797A1 EP0230797A1 (en) 1987-08-05
EP0230797B1 true EP0230797B1 (en) 1991-08-28

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EP (1) EP0230797B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE66729T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1299089C (en)
DE (1) DE3681151D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2587787B1 (en)

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FR2534353A1 (en) * 1982-10-11 1984-04-13 Vaneecke Solaronics ALVEOLED RADIANT FACING PLATE FOR RADIANT BURNER

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008000380A1 (en) 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Voith Patent Gmbh Infrared-radiator for use as surface radiator in dryer system, has component connected with housing, where component and housing are formed such that component supports force effect on thermal insulation during operation
US10533740B2 (en) 2015-07-09 2020-01-14 Carrier Corporation Inward fired ultra low NOX insulating burner flange
US11460189B2 (en) 2015-07-09 2022-10-04 Carrier Corporation Inward fired ultra low NOx insulating burner flange

Also Published As

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CA1299089C (en) 1992-04-21
DE3681151D1 (en) 1991-10-02
FR2587787B1 (en) 1989-08-04
FR2587787A1 (en) 1987-03-27
ATE66729T1 (en) 1991-09-15
EP0230797A1 (en) 1987-08-05

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