EP0225835B1 - Elektrische Heizkabel - Google Patents

Elektrische Heizkabel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225835B1
EP0225835B1 EP86460021A EP86460021A EP0225835B1 EP 0225835 B1 EP0225835 B1 EP 0225835B1 EP 86460021 A EP86460021 A EP 86460021A EP 86460021 A EP86460021 A EP 86460021A EP 0225835 B1 EP0225835 B1 EP 0225835B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
band
heating cable
electric heating
openings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86460021A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0225835A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Emile Deleage
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deleage SA
Original Assignee
Deleage SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8515796A external-priority patent/FR2589027A1/fr
Application filed by Deleage SA filed Critical Deleage SA
Priority to AT86460021T priority Critical patent/ATE75361T1/de
Publication of EP0225835A1 publication Critical patent/EP0225835A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0225835B1 publication Critical patent/EP0225835B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric heating cables and, more particularly, to a device making it possible to ensure good transmission of heat to the elements that the cables are intended to heat.
  • Electric heating cables generally comprise a conductive core of electrically resistant material surrounded by an insulating layer and a coating which may include a metallic braid for mechanical and electrical protection and, optionally, an outer sheath.
  • the section of the cables is round in their most widespread and least expensive form.
  • the first destination for heating cables was collective apartment heating in the 1950s.
  • the cables passed through protective tubes, good conductors of heat, regularly aligned on the ground and covered with a protective wire mesh. Once in place, everything was embedded in a concrete slab.
  • the slab was quite thick and the cables were relatively far from the surface, so that at the level of the surface, the heat distribution was practically uniform.
  • the slab having a lot of inertia could be used as a heat accumulator, the cables can be supplied only during off-peak hours.
  • the protective tubes had a section which was substantially larger than that of the cable to allow easy replacement of defective parts leading to breakdowns. However, very often these occurred in places where the heat exchange between the cable and the tube was not good. Indeed, as the internal section of the tubes was larger than that of the cable, an intimate contact between the two was not guaranteed at all points and where the cable did not touch the tube, it did not correctly transmit its heat, it was heating and breaking.
  • Heating cables are also used in other applications, in particular to protect pipes, gutters, gutters, etc., against freezing, or to maintain fluid paths at the desired temperature.
  • the cable In the case of pipes, the cable is run along the pipe, properly applied to it. To fix it, we have collars at regular intervals. The whole can be covered with a thermally insulating layer.
  • the round section cable does not lend itself well to this application because the contact and heat exchange zone between the cable and the pipe is limited to a generator.
  • Various solutions have been provided to solve this problem.
  • the heating cable is made to run along the pipe and, to secure it securely and to protect it from deterioration, it is enclosed in a sheath with an "S" profile, and, more precisely, in the groove formed by one of the two wings of profit.
  • the throat formed by the other wing of profit receives conduct.
  • the sheath being metallic, it ensures good thermal transfer from the heating cable to the pipe.
  • the invention which is described there relates to a heating tape mounted in the vicinity of a door of a refrigerating appliance and of a heating appliance. freezing to prevent frost and condensation of atmospheric moisture. It consists of a cable whose core, made of resistant material, is covered with an insulating layer. The assembly is surrounded by ribbons made of a material which is a good conductor of heat, these ribbons being intimately linked to the insulation and extending laterally the surface of the latter.
  • Document FR-A-2 323 108 is also known, which describes a heating body for an electric heating convector.
  • This heating body includes a resistant armored cable enclosed in longitudinal flat diffusers. These include machining in the form of slots intended to improve the characteristics of the heat exchange and regularly spaced transverse sections with a pitch which is determined according to the characteristics specific to the material used for the diffuser.
  • the problem solved by the invention described here results from differential thermal expansion between the cable shield and the diffuser, the expansion coefficients being generally different.
  • the present invention is not concerned with this type of problem given the lower operating temperature of a heating cable such as that which can be used in a heated floor.
  • the heating cable is inserted into a metal sleeve comprising, in one piece, a flat sole and an upper wall folded over said sole with a central groove for receiving the cable.
  • the sole is folded over the upper wall, so that said side has three superimposed thicknesses.
  • the cable of this invention is more especially intended for heating liquids and this arrangement ensures the sealing of the sleeve which, in addition to its role of diffuser, must isolate the cable from the liquid in which it is immersed. But it is at the expense of its flexibility and it can not be printed changes of direction. In addition, its implementation is expensive.
  • Document BE-A-902 275 describes a cable which is also located between a strip sole and an upper wall with a central groove for housing the cable.
  • the upper wall is insulating or, alternatively, an insulator is provided between the latter and the cable.
  • the cable is intended for particular applications in which it must transfer its heat in a directional manner.
  • the cable described has the same drawbacks as the previous one.
  • What the invention therefore seeks to provide is a cable which is not necessarily very flexible but whose structure allows any changes in direction to be carried out simply, while ensuring good transfer of heat from the cable to the element which it has to heat up.
  • the ribbon has in its median part transverse slots symmetrical with respect to its longitudinal axis and projecting from the rounded part on the fins formed by the ribbon on each side of the cable.
  • This structure gives a cable which has sufficient flexibility to be able, for example, to be wound and a rigidity such that the middle part of the ribbon intimately encloses the cable.
  • transverse cuts in the ribbon are made in the part to be bent, on each side of the cable, these notches connecting the edges of the ribbon to the slots.
  • the tape no longer offers resistance to changing the direction of the cable.
  • the strip has, in addition to the slots, openings symmetrical with respect to its longitudinal axis, said openings having their dimension in the longitudinal direction greater than that of the slots and their dimension in the transverse direction a little higher than that of said slots.
  • the openings are substantially rectangular, the long sides being able to coincide with the positions of two successive slots.
  • the short sides of said slightly concave openings can be provided towards the longitudinal axis of the ribbon, and the parts of the ribbon on the lateral edges of said slightly folded openings.
  • said slots are narrow slots.
  • Figs. 1-5 as described below show in principle the construction and application of a heating cable mounted on a tape.
  • the actual cable comprises a core 1 of electrically resistant material.
  • the core 1 is covered with an insulating layer 2, itself coated with a metal braid 3 ensuring mechanical and electrical protection of the cable.
  • the cable is mounted in a longitudinal groove formed in its middle part by a flexible strip 4 made of a material which is a good conductor of heat.
  • the cable is fixed in intimate contact with the internal face of the groove by any conventional means, provided that it does not obstruct the passage of heat.
  • the ribbon cable 7 is integrated into thin screeds or in the leveling of floors. As shown in Fig. 2, the cable 7 is laid in successive rows 8 on the rough ground 9, the space between the edges of the ribbon of two adjacent rows being narrow. The cable 7 is then covered with a mesh 10 and the whole is embedded in the yoke 11 which, in practice, has a thickness of 10 to 20 mm. A classic floor covering 12 is placed on the screed. The ribbon of the cable ensures the lateral flow of heat. The horizontal gradient is low and the risks of discomfort are eliminated.
  • the ribbon cable 13 is integrated into the coating or coating 14 whose thickness is generally between 15 and 25 mm.
  • the gap between two neighboring edges of the tape is small and the surface temperature is fairly uniform.
  • large temperature differences, which can cause damage such as cracks, are avoided.
  • Fig. 4 shows a 180 ° change of direction of a ribbon cable 15 during its installation.
  • the change of direction is carried out in successive stages, making, in the area of the part to be bent, a few transverse notches 16 in the ribbon 17, on each side of the cable proper.
  • the edges of the notches move apart, while those of the notches on the inner part overlap.
  • This solution makes it possible to keep the ribbon 17 in its entirety in changes of direction and to have it flat.
  • notches 18 on the edges of the ribbon 17 as well as holes 19 placed regularly on its surface, which serve as an anchor during coating in a screed or coating.
  • other anchoring means can be provided, such as asperities on the surface of the tape, for example.
  • a ribbon 20 can be provided, FIG. 5, made of mechanically resistant material and good electrical conductor.
  • the ribbon 20 can then fulfill the role of the braid 3 which becomes useless.
  • the cable 21 proper, without braid, is therefore less expensive.
  • it can be used in all cases where the mechanical stresses are not too great, such as in leveling screeds, in plastering of walls or ceilings.
  • the panel 22 is formed of a flat plate 23, made of a material which is a good conductor of heat, comprising a small support rim 24 around its periphery.
  • a heating cable 20, 21 is applied to the interior surface of the plate 23, with the two wings of its ribbon 20 in intimate contact with said surface.
  • the interior space of the panel can be filled with an insulating material 25 covering the cable.
  • the cable is therefore insulated with respect to the surface 26 on which the panel 22 is placed and almost all of the heat is diffused by the plate 23.
  • the plate 23 can be painted or coated with a coating 27 and spacers of same length as the rim 24 can be provided under its inner face to ensure its flatness.
  • the plate 23 and its flange 24 are made of sheet steel.
  • the heating cable is also suitable for heating pipes.
  • the assembly consists in ensuring an intimate contact between a significant part of the surface of the ribbon of the cable and the wall of the pipeline. The changes of directions are carried out as previously explained. For this application, you can use a self-adhesive tape that is adhered to the pipeline. In the case of a double-walled tape, the outer wall of the tape can be thermally insulating.
  • the tape 30, as it is before mounting on the cable, has in its middle part transverse slots 31, regularly spaced.
  • the slots 31 are symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the strip 30.
  • the spacing of the slots can be approximately 1 cm and their length by approximately 2 cm for a strip 5 cm wide.
  • the strip 30 is made of a material which is a good conductor of heat such as tinned copper or annealed steel.
  • the tape 30 is fixed to a heating cable 32 so that it is in intimate contact with as much of the periphery of the latter as possible. This is obtained by giving the ribbon 30 an ⁇ -shaped profile, the rounded part 33 of which encloses the cable 32, FIG. 7. The rounded part 33 is not very tight on the cable 32, to allow them a certain play in the longitudinal direction.
  • the slots 31 protrude slightly on each side of the rounded part 33, on the fins formed by the ribbon 30 on each side of the cable 32. This can be seen in FIG. 7 which is a section in the plane of a slot 31.
  • the cable 32 fitted with a continuous strip 30 according to the invention, can be bent on the spot relative to the strip 30 or in the plane of the latter.
  • a small portion of tape 34 is eliminated, at at least one of the ends of the portion to be bent 35. This is done by cutting the fins, formed by the tape 30, on each side of the cable 32, up to the ends of two successive slots 31, then pulling on the portion of ribbon 34 thus detached. The ribbon is then interrupted between one end of the portion to be bent 35 and the continuation of the cable 36. As the slots 31 protrude on each side of the cable 32 on the fins, there is no risk, by performing this cutting, damage the cable 32. Once the part 34 has been removed, the cable 32 is bent.
  • the slots 31 open outwards and the rounded part 33 of the tape between the slots 31 moves slightly on the cable 32, so that the part of cable which had been discovered during the removal of the part 34 is at least partially covered between 35 and 36. It is It is particularly interesting to be able to make this change of direction when heating pipes are fitted with cables.
  • Fig. 9 it is also necessary to eliminate a portion of tape 37 at at least one of the ends of the portion to be bent 38, as for bending on the field.
  • all along the bending part 38 it is necessary to make transverse cuts in the ribbon on each side of the cable.
  • These notches join the ends of slits 31 and therefore determine successive separate parts of tape 39.
  • the notches can be made every two slits.
  • the ribbon 30 can be mounted on the cable 32 by elements of a certain length between which it is left a small space. In practice, said elements can have a length of approximately 40 cm.
  • the tape 40 shown in FIG. 10 is a variant of that of FIG. 6. It has the same slots 31, more, from place to place, lights also symmetrical with respect to its longitudinal axis.
  • the slots 41 have a rectangular shape with slightly rounded corners, with two long sides 42 and two short sides 43.
  • the long sides 42 coincide with the positions of two successive slots 31, but are slightly longer than those -this.
  • the lights 41 are distributed periodically along the strip 40, for example every twelve to fifteen slots 31.
  • short straight sides 43 they can be provided curved with their concavities facing the longitudinal axis of the ribbon.
  • the long sides 42 could also not coincide with the positions of the slots 31 so as to obtain, for example, narrower lights.
  • the ribbon 45 has slots 46 which are narrow lights.
  • the cable has great flexibility in the two directions of folding on the field without it being necessary to eliminate portions of it such as 34 or 37 or to provide wider lights such as 41.
  • the slots 46 have a length of almost 4 cm and a width of approximately 2 mm for a flat ribbon width, before profiling in ⁇ , of 5 cm.
  • the spacing of the slots 46 can vary depending on various parameters such as the diameter and nature of the cable, the width and nature of the ribbon, etc. If the spacing is suitably chosen, any exit of the cable from the groove in ⁇ during unwinding is avoided. In some cases, the spacing can reach 5 cm, for example.
  • the width of the ribbon can be variable depending on the use that is made of the heating cable, according to its linear power and according to the thermal conductivity of the material with which it is in contact.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Elektrisches Heizkabel mit wenigstens einem leitenden Kern (1) aus einem elektrischen Widerstandsmaterial, das von einem Isoliermantel (2) umgeben ist, wobei das Kabel in Längsrichtung an einem flexiblen Band (30, 40, 45) aus einem gut wärmeleitenden Material angebracht ist, das ein Ω - förmiges Profil hat, wobei der Mittelteil des Bandes (30, 40, 45) in engem Kontakt mit dem größten Teil des Umfangs des Kabels (32) steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Band (3) in seinem Mittelteil quer verlaufende Schlitze (31) hat, die symmetrisch bezüglich seiner Längsachse liegen und über den abgerundeten Teil (33) an den Flanschen hinausgehen, die das Band (30) auf jeder Seite des Kabels (32) bilden.
  2. Elektrisches Heizkabel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Band (30) am Kabel (32) in Abschnitten bestimmter Länge befestigt ist, und daß eine bestimmte Lücke zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Abschnitten vorgesehen ist.
  3. Elektrisches Heizkabel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Band (40) zusätzlich zu den Schlitzen (31) Ausnehmungen (41) aufweist, die symmetrisch bezüglich seiner Längsachse liegen und deren Abmessung in der Längsrichtung größer ist als diejenige der Schlitze (31) und deren Abmessung in der Querrichtung etwas größer ist als diejenige der Schlitze (31).
  4. Elektrisches Heizkabel nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmungen (41) praktisch rechteckig sind.
  5. Elektrisches Heizkabel nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden langen Seiten (42) der Ausnehmungen (41) mit den Positionen von zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Schlitzen (41) zusammenfallen.
  6. Elektrisches Heizkabel nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kurzen Seiten (43) in Richtung zur Längsachse des Bandes (40) leicht konkav ausgebildet sind.
  7. Elektrisches Heizkabel nach einem der Ansprüche 4-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den seitlichen Rändern der Ausnehmungen (41) die übrigen Teile (44) des Bandes leicht abgebogen sind und diese Biegungen in Richtung zum Kabel konvex verlaufen.
  8. Elektrisches Heizkabel nach einem der Ansprüche 3-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmungen (41) periodisch längs des Bandes verteilt sind.
  9. Heizkabel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlitze (31) schmale Ausnehmungen (46) sind.
EP86460021A 1985-10-22 1986-10-14 Elektrische Heizkabel Expired - Lifetime EP0225835B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86460021T ATE75361T1 (de) 1985-10-22 1986-10-14 Elektrische heizkabel.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8515796A FR2589027A1 (fr) 1985-10-22 1985-10-22 Perfectionnements a des cables chauffants
FR8515796 1985-10-22
FR8605089 1986-04-08
FR8605089 1986-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225835A1 EP0225835A1 (de) 1987-06-16
EP0225835B1 true EP0225835B1 (de) 1992-04-22

Family

ID=26224780

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86460021A Expired - Lifetime EP0225835B1 (de) 1985-10-22 1986-10-14 Elektrische Heizkabel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4769529A (de)
EP (1) EP0225835B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3685001D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2031456T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63235084A (ja) * 1987-03-20 1988-09-30 Fanuc Ltd レ−ザ発振制御装置
FR2644660B1 (fr) * 1989-03-17 1991-05-24 Deleage Pierre Cable chauffant, plus particulierement destine au chauffage direct par rayonnement
US20050183442A1 (en) * 2004-02-24 2005-08-25 Hygema Terry L. Heated ice door
EP2164295A1 (de) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-17 Deleage SA Elektrische Heizkabelvorrichtung
FR2936125B1 (fr) * 2008-09-17 2010-09-17 Deleage Sa Element de fixation d'un dispositif de cable chauffant
FR2936126B1 (fr) * 2008-09-17 2011-01-07 Deleage Sa Enveloppe de protection thermoconductrice d'un dispositif de cable chauffant
JP5860234B2 (ja) * 2011-07-12 2016-02-16 哲 村山 電熱ヒーター用基板

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB198739A (en) * 1922-03-01 1923-06-01 Henry Charles Braun Improvements in and relating to insulated electric conductors
US2419655A (en) * 1944-08-09 1947-04-29 Titan Mfg Co Inc Electric heater
BE631248A (de) * 1962-04-18
US3453417A (en) * 1966-12-07 1969-07-01 Acra Electric Corp Electric heater assembly
US3444357A (en) * 1967-02-07 1969-05-13 Wiegand Co Edwin L Electric heating apparatus
DE1615349A1 (de) * 1967-09-19 1970-06-18 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Heizmatte zur elektrischen Flaechenbeheizung
FR2266416A1 (en) * 1974-03-26 1975-10-24 Bonnet Ets Composite electrical heating strip - has wire within foil support and covering strips
FR2323108A1 (fr) * 1975-09-03 1977-04-01 Sepro Corps de chauffe pour convecteur electrique de chauffage
US4314144A (en) * 1979-10-29 1982-02-02 Eaton Corporation Thermostat mounting arrangement for electric heating appliance
US4464565A (en) * 1983-03-16 1984-08-07 Spangler Glenn C Extensible tape heater
FR2563682B1 (fr) * 1984-04-26 1987-12-24 Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore Cable electrique chauffant a surface plane d'appui sur l'organe a chauffer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2031456T3 (es) 1992-12-16
US4769529A (en) 1988-09-06
EP0225835A1 (de) 1987-06-16
DE3685001D1 (de) 1992-05-27

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