EP0225114B1 - Système de nettoyage ultra-sonique des tubes pour des barres de combustible nucléaire ou des barres similaires - Google Patents

Système de nettoyage ultra-sonique des tubes pour des barres de combustible nucléaire ou des barres similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225114B1
EP0225114B1 EP86309012A EP86309012A EP0225114B1 EP 0225114 B1 EP0225114 B1 EP 0225114B1 EP 86309012 A EP86309012 A EP 86309012A EP 86309012 A EP86309012 A EP 86309012A EP 0225114 B1 EP0225114 B1 EP 0225114B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
tank
tubes
tracks
cleaning system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86309012A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0225114A1 (fr
Inventor
Clarence Daniel John, Jr.
Joseph George Cigich
Beverly Trent Jarabak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Publication of EP0225114A1 publication Critical patent/EP0225114A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0225114B1 publication Critical patent/EP0225114B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B08B3/123—Cleaning travelling work, e.g. webs, articles on a conveyor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2209/00—Details of machines or methods for cleaning hollow articles
    • B08B2209/005—Use of ultrasonics or cavitation, e.g. as primary or secondary action

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to fuel assemblies for nuclear reactors and, more particularly, to a system for ultrasonically cleaning tubes used in the manufacture of fuel rods, control rods, and the like.
  • the reactor core is composed of a large number of elongate fuel assemblies each including a multiplicity of fuel rods which are held in an organized array by grids spaced along the fuel assembly.
  • the grids are attached to control-rod guide thimbles, and top and bottom nozzles are secured to guide-thimble end portions extending above and below the opposite ends of the fuel rods.
  • the fuel rods contain fissile material and are grouped together in an array which is organized such as to provide sufficient neutron flux in the core to support a high rate of nuclear fission and, thus, the release of a large amount of energy in the form of heat. All materials present in the reactor core will be irradiated by the fissile material in the fuel rods and, in turn, will interact with it. In order to produce the desired neutron flux in the core, the nuclear interaction and, thus, the chemical composition of all components introduced into the reactor core must be known and taken into consideration. Therefore, the materials composing all such components are carefully selected in order to obtain the desired interaction with the neutron flux.
  • the conventional cleaning technique employed in cleaning tubes for fuel and similar rods to be used in nuclear reactors involves bundling a large number of tubes, for example three hundred, submerging the bundle in a tank of cleaning solution for a predetermined period of time, and then submerging the bundle into a rinse tank to flush impurities from the tube surfaces.
  • This conventional technique has certain drawbacks insofar as the tube cleaning solution typically used is methylene chloride toluene which is environmentally undesirable, and as the steps of gathering and bundling the tubes are inherently inefficient and cumbersome and the manipulation of the large bundles of tubes requires the use of a crane and operator.
  • this mechanical kind of pipe cleaning apparatus cannot clean as thoroughly as required with respect to tubes to be used in the manufacture of nuclear core elements, and its wire type cleaning brushes are liable to leave surface blemishes, i.e. scratches, which on cladding tubes for nuclear fuel rods or the like are highly undesirable, for reasons well understood in the nuclear reactor art.
  • the invention accordingly resides in an ultrasonic cleaning system as defined in claim 1, and which preferably may include features as specified in the subordinate claims.
  • the ultrasonic cleaning system embodying the invention utilizes a technique of processing the tubes individually on a first-in, first-out basis yet in a relatively continuous operation which lends itself readily to being automated. Furthermore, each tube, in gravitating, i.e. rolling, down the inclined tracks forming the tube transferring means, fully exposes itself peripherally and throughout its length to the cavitation- producing energy emanating from the ultrasonic transducers strung out along the tank bottom in the longitudinal direction of the tank, hence of the tube passing through it, so that all surface areas of the tube will be thoroughly and uniformly cleaned in one pass of the tube through an intensely cavitated region of the liquid within the tank.
  • a further advantage of the ultrasonic cleaning system according to the invention resides in that it can utilize as an energy transmitting and cleaning liquid plain water containing a biodegradeable and thus environmentally acceptable detergent.
  • the fuel assembly illustrated therein and generally designated with reference numeral 10 is of the type used in pressurized water reactors (PWR). Basically, it comprises a lower end structure or bottom nozzle 12 for supporting the assembly on the lower core plate (not shown) in the core region of a nuclear reactor (not shown), longitudinally extending guide tubes or thimbles 14 projecting upwards from the bottom nozzle 12, transverse grids 16 axially spaced along the guide thimbles 14, an organized array of elongate fuel rods 18 transversely spaced and supported by the grids 16, an instrumentation tube 20 located in the center of the fuel assembly, and an upper end structure or top nozzle 22 attached to upper and portions of the guide thimbles 14.
  • the fuel assembly 10 forms an integral unit capable of being conventionally handled without damage to its component parts.
  • Each of the fuel rods 18 includes an elongate cladding tube 23 which contains nuclear fuel pellets 24 and is hermetically sealed at its opposite ends by means of end plugs 26, 28.
  • a plenum spring 30 is disposed in the tube 23 between the upper end plug 26 and the stack of pellets 24 to keep the latter firmly stacked.
  • the fuel pellets 24, composed of fissile material, are responsible for creating the reactive power in the reactor. During operation of the latter, liquid moderator/coolant, such as water or water containing boron, is pumped upwards through the fuel assemblies in the reactor core so as to extract therefrom heat for use thereof in producing useful work.
  • the fission process is controlled by means of control rods 32 extending into guide thimbles 14 at predetermined locations within the fuel assembly and reciprocally movable therein by means of a rod-cluster control mechanism 34 associated with the top nozzle 22.
  • the rod-cluster control mechanism 34 includes a hollow-cylindrical, internally threaded member 36 with radially extending flukes or arms 38 each of which has at least one of the control rods 32 connected thereto, all as well known in the art.
  • the cleaning system 40 basically includes a cleaning tank 42 holding a quantity of liquid 44, such as water containing a suitable biodegradable detergent, and means in the form of a series of transducers 46 mounted in the tank 42 for generating uftraso- nic cavitational energy within the tank water.
  • a cleaning tank 42 holding a quantity of liquid 44, such as water containing a suitable biodegradable detergent, and means in the form of a series of transducers 46 mounted in the tank 42 for generating uftraso- nic cavitational energy within the tank water.
  • the elongate cleaning tank 42 comprises a receptacle 48 having a bottom wall 50 and upright spaced-apart opposite side walls 52, 54 and end walls 56, 58 which are connected together and to the bottom wall.
  • the receptacle 48 has a long, relatively narrow, rectangular configuration adapting it to accommodate long fuel rod tubes 23, typically about 4 meters in length.
  • the receptacle 48 which holds the detergent-laden water 44 is remowably mounted in an outer support shell 60 of the tank 42 having a plurality of support legs 62.
  • the series of transducers 46 are mounted in spaced relation on the bottom wall 50 of the tank 42 and arranged in a generally linear pattern which extends between the opposite tank end walls 56, 58 and generally parallel to the opposite tank side walls 52, 54.
  • the ultrasonic transducers 46 are known devices which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. When the transducers 46 are attached to a radiating surface, i.e., the bottom wall 50 of the cleaning tank receptacle 48, the mechanical energy is converted into ultrasonic cavitational energy which produces the cleaning effect.
  • the detergent is used in the water 44 to augment or promote the cleaning action primarily carried out by the ultrasonic energy.
  • the cleaning system 40 includes means, generally designated 64, for delivering tubes 23 individually into the liquid 44 within the tank 42.
  • the tube delivery means 64 is composed of an upper tube entry ramp 66 and a middle or intermediate tube transfer ramp 68.
  • the upper ramp 66 includes a plurality of elongate inclined tracks 70 for guiding and delivering tubes 23 into the tank 42 in single-file fashion, i.e., oriented substantially in parallel with respect to each other.
  • the tracks 70 preferably four in number, extend generally parallel to one another, are inclined downwardly from above the one side wall 52 toward the opposite side wall 54 of the tank receptacle 48, and are laterally spaced apart between the opposite end walls 56, 58 thereof.
  • An elongate shaft 72 mounted on and extending between the opposite end walls 56, 58 of the tank receptacle 48 pivotally supports the tracks 70 adjacent to tube discharge ends 74 thereof.
  • the tracks 70 Adjacent their tube receiving ends 78, the tracks 70 are connected to upright support members 76 which are mounted on the tank support shell 60 at locations adjacent the tank-receptacle side wall 52, and which support the tube receiving ends 78 of the tracks 70 at a level above the receptacle side wall 52 and higher than that at which the tube discharge ends 74 of the tracks 70 are supported by the shaft 72.
  • the support members 76 are adjustable vertically (as indicated in phantom outline in Fig. 3) to permit adjustment of the elevation of the tube receiving ends 78 of the tracks 70 and, hence, of the inclination or downward slope of the tracks 70.
  • the middle ramp 68 comprises a plurality of elongate, inclined tracks 80 for receiving tubes 23 from the discharge ends 74 of the upper ramp tracks 70 and for guiding and delivering them in single-file fashion into the water 44 within the tank 42.
  • the tracks 80 (only one is shown in Fig. 3), preferably four in number, extend generally parallel to one another, are inclined downwardly from tube-entry ends 82 thereof, spaced below the discharge ends 74 of the upper ramp tracks 70, and toward the side wall 52 of the tank receptacle 48, and are laterally spaced apart between the opposite end walls 56, 58 thereof.
  • the cleaning system 40 includes means 88 for moving or transferring the tubes 23 across the tank 42 within the liquid 44 therein, such that each tube will pass through and be cleaned by the ultrasonic cavitation energy in the liquid.
  • the tube moving or transferring means 88 is in the form of a lower or tube soak ramp comprising a plurality of elongate inclined tracks 90 for receiving tubes from the exit ends 86 of the middle ramp tracks 80 and guiding the tubes in single-file fashion along a linear path across the tank 42, within the water 44 and above the transducers 46 mounted in the tank.
  • the tracks 90 preferably four in number, extend generally parallel to one another, are slightly inclined downwardly from their tube receiving ends 92 below the exit ends 86 of the middle ramp tracks 80 adjacent the one side wall 52 and toward the opposite side wall 54 of the tank receptacle 48, and are laterally spaced apart between the opposite end walls 56, 58 thereof.
  • An elongate member 94 mounted on and extending between the opposite end walls 56, 58 of the tank receptacle 48 supports the lower ramp tracks 90 adjacent tube accumulating ends 96 thereof such that the tube receiving ends 92 of the tracks 90 are positioned against the side wall 52 of the tank receptacle 48 at an elevation slightly higher than that of the tube accumulating ends 96 of the tracks.
  • Triangular end stops 100 are attached to the tracks 90 at their tube accumulating ends 96 for holding the tubes 23 in readiness for removal thereof from the tank 42, the end stops 100 being placed at positions along the tracks ends 96 calculated to ensure that only one tube 23 at a time will be removed from the tracks 90, as described more fully hereinbelow.
  • the cleaning system 40 includes means 102 for removing tubes, one at a time, from the liquid 44 within the tank 42 and transporting them to a tube discharge location 104, such as the surface of an outlet table.
  • the tube removing means 102 takes the form of a conveyor which is supported in a generally vertical disposition from the side wall 54 of the tank receptacle 48.
  • the conveyor is operable to move between a tube pickup position adjacent the accumulating ends 96 of the lower ramp tracks 90 and the discharge location 104 outside the tank 42, so as to pick up one tube 23 at a time at the accumulating ends 96 of the lower ramp tracks 90 and to lift the tube from the water 44 and to the discharge location 104 above the tank 42, the tube thus being removed from the tank before another tube is picked up by the conveyor 102.
  • the conveyor 102 includes a plurality of endless conveyor elements in the form of flexible drive chains 106, preferably three in number, each of which is trained about an upper drive sprocket 108 and a lower follower sprocket 110.
  • the follower sprockets 110 are rotatably mounted on a shaft 112 supported by and extending between lower brackets 114 secured to the tank-receptacle side wall 54 at a level below the surface of the liquid 44 in the tank 42.
  • Each of the drive sprockets 108 is secured to a shaft 116 which is rotatably supported by a pair of upper brackets 118 secured to the receptacle side wall 54 at a level above the water surface, and is driven by a drive unit 120 associated therewith.
  • the arrangements of chains 106 and sprockets 108, 110 extend generally parallel to one another and are laterally spaced apart between the opposite end walls 56, 58 of the tank receptacle 48.
  • Each of the drive chains 106 has a pair of tube cradles 122 attached thereto at positions spaced apart approximately one-half the length of the drive chain.
  • the drive chains 106 define generally parallel endless paths extending between the tube accumulating ends 96 of the lower ramp tracks 90 and the tube discharge location 104 above the tank 42. Due to the distance or spacing between the tube cradles 122 on each drive chain 106, the operation will be such that when one set of laterally or axially aligned ones of the cradles on the several drive chains is disposed in a tube-unloading or upper position adjacent the tube discharge location 104, as seen in Fig.
  • the other set of laterally or axially aligned cradles on the chains is disposed in a tube loading position just below the end stops 100 at the tube accumulating ends 96 of the lower ramp tracks 90, as seen in Figs. 3 and 6.
  • the corresponding cradles 122 in the pairs thereof will pick up only one tube 23 at a time, and lift it to the discharge location 104, before another tube is picked up.
  • the cleaning system 40 also includes a pump/filtration arrangement (not shown) for circulating and filtering the water in the tank to remove therefrom foreign matter which has been cleaned from the tubes.
  • tubes 23 will be gravity-fed into the tank through a switchback path defined by the upper and middle ramp tracks 70, 80, and then move along a generally linear path, defined by the lower ramp tracks 90, through the water to the end stops 100.
  • sensors strategically placed along the tracks 70, 80, 90 and along the drive chains 106 will monitor the passage of each tube through the tank. Signals from these sensors are fed to a controller (not shown) which will track the movement of each tube and initiate the removal of each tube by starting the drive units 120 for the chains at the appropriate time. In such manner, every tube will soak in the ultrasonic cavitation energy for the same predetermined amount of time.
  • the tubes are removed from the tank 42 on a first-in/first-out basis.
  • the drive units 120 In order to drain liquid from the inside of each tube 23, the drive units 120 preferably are controlled in a manner such that one of the drive chains 106 will momentarily slow down or stop while the other chains continue to move, whereafter opposite changes in the relative speeds of the drive chains 106 are effected so as to re-level the tube. After such re-leveling, the tube is moved to the apex of the upper drive sprockets 108, at which moment the drive units 120 are momentarily stopped, thereby causing the tube to roll onto the discharge surface 104.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Système (40) de nettoyage ultrasonique comportant un réservoir de nettoyage (42) contenant une quantité de liquide (44), des transducteurs (46) pour générer une énergie de cavitation ultrasonique à l'intérieur du liquide dans le réservoir, des moyens (64) pour délivrer des objets à nettoyer dans le liquide à l'intérieur du réservoir, des moyens (88) de transfert pour recevoir les objets venant des moyens de délivrance et pour les faire se déplacer à travers le liquide de façon à ce qu'ils soient nettoyés par ultrasons, et des moyens (102) pour retirer les objets nettoyés du liquide et du réservoir, caractérisé en ce que:
(a) le réservoir de nettoyage (42) est d'une longueur suffisante pour traiter lesdits objets sous la forme de tubes allongés (23);
(b) les moyens de délivrance (64) délivrent les tubes (23) à l'intérieur du réservoir (42) selon une orientation longitudinale par rapport à celui-ci;
(c) lesdits moyens de transfert (88) comportent une rampe inférieure disposée en-dessous des moyens de délivrance (64) en relation de réception des tubes par rapport à ceux-ci et composés de plusieurs pistes (90) qui s'étendent à l'intérieur du liquide dans le réservoir (42) dans une direction transversale par rapport à ce dernier et qui sont espacées les unes des autres dans la direction longitudinale du réservoir, lesdites pistes (90) étant suffisamment inclinées dans ladite direction transversale pour faire graviter chaque tube reçu des moyens de délivrance (64) le long des pistes (90) des extrémités (92) de réception de tubes aux extrémités (96) d'accumulation de tubes de celles-ci; et
(d) lesdits transducteurs (46) sont montés sur une paroi inférieure (50) dudit réservoir (42) et disposés selon un motif substantiellement linéaire s'étendant en-dessous desdites pistes (90) dans la direction longitudinale du réservoir.
2. Système de nettoyage ultrasonique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de délivrance (64) comportent des rampes supérieure et intermédiaire (66, 68) inclinées de façon opposée, s'étendant dans ladite direction transversale et définissant un chemin montant et descendant pour que les tubes (23) gravitent individuellement le long de celui-ci.
3. Système de nettoyage uftrasonique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par des moyens (72, 76) supportant la rampe supérieure (66) dudit réservoir (42), et pouvant être ajustés de façon à faire varier le degré d'inclinaison de ladite rampe supérieure (66).
4. Système de nettoyage uttrasonique selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par des moyens (84) supportant la rampe intermédiaire (68) dudit réservoir (42) dans une disposition fixe inclinée de celle-ci.
5. Système de nettoyage ultrasonique selon la revendication 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdites rampes supérieure et intermédiaire (66, 68) comportent chacune une pluralité de pistes (70, 80) s'étendant dans ladite direction transversale en relation espacée substantiellement parallèle l'une par rapport à l'autre.
6. Système de nettoyage ultrasonique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de transfert (88) comportent des moyens (100) pour maintenir les tubes (23) aux extrémités (96) d'accumulation de tubes des pistes associées (90) de façon à être prêts au retrait des tubes par les moyens de retrait (102), lesdits moyens de retrait (102) comportant un convoyeur sans fin supporté, en une disposition substantiellement verticale, par une paroi latérale (54) du réservoir de nettoyage (42) et pouvant fonctionner de façon à se déplacer entre un emplacement de collecte des tubes adjacent auxdites extrémités (96) d'accumulation de tubes desdites pistes (90) et un emplacement (104) de déchargement des tubes à l'extérieur dudit réservoir (42), ledit convoyeur (102) comportant des éléments (122) de collecte de tubes servant, durant le fonctionnement du convoyeur, à collecter les tubes à l'emplacement de collecte des tubes et à décharger les tubes audit emplacement (104) de déchargement des tubes.
7. Système de nettoyage ultrasonique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments (122) de collecte de tubes sont des berceaux adaptés pour collecter un tube (23) à la fois.
8. Système de nettoyage ultrasonique selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments (122) de collecte de tubes sont disposés sur le convoyeur (102) de façon à décharger un tube (23) audit emplacement (104) de déchargement des tubes avant de collecter le tube (23) suivant audit emplacement de collecte des tubes.
9. Système de nettoyage ultrasonique selon la revendication 6, 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit convoyeur (102) comporte une pluralité d'éléments (106) de convoyeur sans fin ayant des éléments respectifs desdits éléments (122) de collecte de tube disposés sur ceux-ci, lesdits éléments (106) de convoyeur sans fin étant supportés en relation espacée substantiellement parallèles les uns par rapport aux autres et chacun ayant ses éléments (122) de collecte de tube alignés substantiellement horizontalement avec les éléments (122) de collecte de tube correspondants sur les autres éléments (106) de convoyeur sans fin.
10. Système de nettoyage ultrasonique selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments (106) de convoyeur sans fin ont, associés avec ceux-ci, des moyens d'entraînement (120) pour entraîner les éléments de convoyeur sans fin globalement à la même vitesse, les uns par rapport aux autres, de façon à maintenir chaque tube convoyé sur ceux-ci substantiellement au même niveau, lesdits moyens d'entraînement (128) étant commandés de façon à changer momentanément les vitesses relatives de ceux-ci une fois à chaque fois qu'un tube (23) est convoyé depuis ledit emplacement de collecte en direction dudit emplacement (104) de déchargement des tubes et de façon à incliner momentanément le tube (23) suffisamment pour extraire du liquide de celui-ci.
EP86309012A 1985-11-19 1986-11-18 Système de nettoyage ultra-sonique des tubes pour des barres de combustible nucléaire ou des barres similaires Expired EP0225114B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US79968485A 1985-11-19 1985-11-19
US799684 1985-11-19

Publications (2)

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EP0225114A1 EP0225114A1 (fr) 1987-06-10
EP0225114B1 true EP0225114B1 (fr) 1990-02-07

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JP (1) JPS62121388A (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH021287U (fr) * 1988-06-15 1990-01-08
GB9104639D0 (en) * 1991-03-05 1991-04-17 Blackshaw Stephen J Golf club cleaning apparatus
CN101648192B (zh) * 2009-09-09 2011-01-05 浙江卫信生物药业有限公司 超声波全自动连通管清洗机
DE102013114850B4 (de) * 2013-12-23 2016-06-16 Rattunde & Co. Gmbh Waschvorrichtung für Rohrabschnitte
CN111365957B (zh) * 2020-04-16 2023-05-09 重庆电力高等专科学校 镀铬管清洗烘干生产线

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1052776B (de) * 1957-10-08 1959-03-12 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Entfernen von Oxyden, beispielsweise von Zunder oder Sinter an gehaerteten Kugeln fuer Kugellager, unter Verwendung von Ultraschallschwingungen
US3210788A (en) * 1964-01-16 1965-10-12 Brown Oil Tools Pipe cleaning machine
SE7704420L (sv) * 1977-04-18 1978-10-19 Nordstjernan Rederi Ab Sett och apparat for rengoring av artiklar medelst ultraljud
JPS61212376A (ja) * 1985-03-15 1986-09-20 住友金属工業株式会社 パイプの洗浄方法

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JPS62121388A (ja) 1987-06-02
EP0225114A1 (fr) 1987-06-10

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