Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
  • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
  • C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers

Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of polyglycol dialkyl ethers as viscosity regulators for aqueous anionic surfactant solutions.
• Surfactant / water systems from which the body cleansers (hair shampoos, foam baths, shower baths, hand washing pastes) that essentially belong to the group of cosmetic preparations, essentially contain anionic surfactants, for example alkyl ether sulfates, as the main surfactant component.
• anionic surfactants for example alkyl ether sulfates
• the main reasons for their use are good cleaning and foaming properties.
• stabilizing disperse systems e.g. Pearlescent agents, and better handling when using solutions containing such anionic surfactants, thickeners are added during production.
• a large number of compounds are known from the prior art as agents for increasing the viscosity of formulations containing anionic surfactants.
• the easiest and the cheapest solution to regulate the viscosity of solutions containing anionic surfactants is to add table salt or other electrolytes. This drastically changes the charge ratios in the solutions, ultimately allowing the association of surfactant micelles, ie the formation of very large micelles is promoted. This leads to an increase in viscosity.
• Combinations of electrolytes, for example sodium chloride, with alkanolamides are also used as thickeners. It is disadvantageous that they tend to hydrolize when amine is released.
• Hydroxyethyl cellulose or fatty acid polyglycol esters are also used as thickeners.
• US Pat. No. 3,957,970 describes shampoos which contain polyethylene glycol distearate as a viscosity-regulating agent.
• Fatty acid polyglycol esters show useful behavior as viscosity regulators of formulations containing anionic surfactants, but are successively hydrolyzed into fatty acid and polyglycol in aqueous solutions. Therefore, they cannot maintain their thickening effect for a long time.
• Fatty alcohol ethoxylates have also been investigated as viscosity regulators for surfactant solutions, but also have the disadvantage of not guaranteeing a satisfactory thickening of solutions containing anionic surfactants.
• the invention therefore relates to the use of polyglycol dialkyl ethers of the general formula (I) R1-O (CH2-CH2-O) n R2 (I) in which R1 and R2 may be the same or different and stand for straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl radicals having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and n for numbers from 10 to 70, as viscosity regulators for aqueous anionic surfactant solutions alone or in any mixtures with known as viscosity regulators , compounds used in anionic surfactant solutions.
• the polyglycol dialkyl ethers of the general formula (I) used according to the invention contain at their ends two alkyl or alkenyl radicals R 1 and R 2, which can be the same or different, and stand for straight-chain or branched radicals with 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
• the two radicals R 1 and R 2 are generally different and, in particular in the case of compounds accessible from native sources, are preferably straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl radicals in the specified C number range.
• n-alkyl or alkenyl radicals from the group octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, octadecenyl, nonadecyl, eicosanyl, uneicosanyl or docosanyl. From this group, the residues of the higher chain lengths, for example with 14 to 22 carbon atoms, are particularly preferred.
• n in the general formula (I) for the polyglycol dialkyl ethers used according to the invention is in the range from 10 to 70, preferably in the range from 30 to 50. This is to be understood as the average degree of ethoxylation.
• polyglycol dialkyl ethers of the general formula (I) used according to the invention are known as such and are also industrially produced by synthesis methods known per se. This can take place, for example, in that fatty alcohol ethoxylates of the general formula (II) R1-O (CH2-CH2-O) n H (II) in which R1 and n have the meanings given above, with alkyl halides R2X (III) in which R2 can have the meanings given above and X can stand for Cl, Br or I, are reacted in the presence of alkali.
• the fatty alcohol ethoxylates of the general formula (II) are reacted in a manner known per se from fatty alcohols and ethylene oxide in the desired molar ratio, which is then reflected in the size of n in the general formulas (I) and (II).
• Native or synthetic alkanols can be used as fatty alcohols, not only the pure compounds to be mentioned as the starting alcohol, but also the fatty alcohol mixtures accessible from native sources, the alkyl radicals with C numbers in one more or less narrow range. As such, for example, alcohols from tallow fat cleavage ("tallow alcohols”) are to be understood.
• the polyglycol dialkyl ethers of the general formula (I) used according to the invention can be used as viscosity regulators in aqueous anionic surfactant solutions alone or in any mixtures with compounds generally known as viscosity regulators and used in anionic surfactant solutions.
• aqueous anionic surfactant solutions alone or in any mixtures with compounds generally known as viscosity regulators and used in anionic surfactant solutions.
• the electrolytes used otherwise as viscosity regulators in anionic surfactant solutions are advantageously regarded as other viscosity regulators; eg sodium chloride.
• the concentration of the polygold dialkyl ethers alone or in such combinations is in the range from 2 to 7% by weight, based on the total weight of the water / surfactant / thickener system. It is to be regarded as an advantage that such polyglycol dialkyl ether-electrolyte combinations lead, even at low salt concentrations, to significantly higher viscosity values for the anionic surfactant solutions than is observed with conventional thickeners, especially when using electrolytes alone.
• the viscosity gain achieved is significantly higher than the additive effect of using electrolytes alone and the thickening effect of the polyglycol dialkyl ethers used according to the invention, even in the absence of electrolytes.
• This synergistic effect is evident when used in all commonly used anionic surfactant solutions and also has an effect where previously there were great problems with the viscosity control of the surfactant solutions, for example with difficult to thicken, highly ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate surfactants and anionic surfactants based on sulfosuccinate.
• the viscosity-regulating action of the polyglycol dialkyl ethers of the general formula (I) used according to the invention was tested in aqueous solutions (10% detergent substance) of the following anionic surfactants: Anionic surfactant 1: coconut alcohol (C12 / 14) -2EO sulfate sodium and Anionic surfactant 2: tallow alcohol (C12 / 18) -7EO sulfate sodium / magnesium.
• the viscosity of the aqueous surfactant solutions was determined according to Höppler in a falling ball viscometer at 20 ° C.
• polyglycol dialkyl ethers of the general formula (I) were prepared by the synthesis method given above; their melting range is shown in Table 1 below.
• Example 1e The polygold dialkyl ethers naturally showed different effects on the viscosity of anionic surfactant solutions, depending on the structural differences.
• the product of Example 1e proved to be a particularly effective thickener: it increased the viscosity of formulations containing anionic surfactant extremely strongly.
• the viscosity of difficultly thickenable anionic surfactant formulations (cf. Table 4 with anionic surfactant 2) could be increased sufficiently even with the addition of 2% of the polyalkyl dialkyl ether.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Steroid Compounds (AREA)
• Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

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Citations (4)

• 1985
  • 1985-11-25 DE DE19853541535 patent/DE3541535A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1986
  • 1986-11-17 EP EP86115923A patent/EP0224167A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1986-11-25 JP JP61281612A patent/JPS62136235A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (4)

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