EP0220495A2 - Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Tonerde-Silikafasern als Verstärkungselement und eine Matrix bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit geringen Kupfer- und Siliziumgehalten - Google Patents

Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Tonerde-Silikafasern als Verstärkungselement und eine Matrix bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit geringen Kupfer- und Siliziumgehalten Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0220495A2
EP0220495A2 EP86113099A EP86113099A EP0220495A2 EP 0220495 A2 EP0220495 A2 EP 0220495A2 EP 86113099 A EP86113099 A EP 86113099A EP 86113099 A EP86113099 A EP 86113099A EP 0220495 A2 EP0220495 A2 EP 0220495A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
approximately
composite material
bending strength
alumina
aluminum alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86113099A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0220495A3 (de
Inventor
Masahiro Kubo
Tadashi Dohnomoto
Atsuo Tanaka
Hidetoshi Hirai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Publication of EP0220495A2 publication Critical patent/EP0220495A2/de
Publication of EP0220495A3 publication Critical patent/EP0220495A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • C22C49/04—Light metals
    • C22C49/06—Aluminium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite material made up from reinforcing fibers embedded in a matrix of metal, and more particularly relates to such a composite material utilizing alumina-silica type short fiber material as the reinforcing fiber material, and aluminum alloy as the matrix metal.
  • JIS standard AC8A (from about 0.8% to about 1.3% Cu, from about 11.0% to about 13.0% Si, from about 0.7% to about 1.3% Mg, from about 0.8% to about 1.5% Ni, remainder substantially Al)
  • JIS standard AC8B (from about 2.0% to about 4.0% Cu, from about 8.5% to about 10.5% Si, from about 0.5% to about 1.5% Mg, from about 0.1% to about 1% Ni, remainder substantially Al)
  • JIS standard AC4C (Not more than about 0.25% Cu, from about 6.5% to about 7.5% Si, from about 0.25% to about 0.45% Mg, remainder substantially AI)
  • AA standard A356 (from about 6.5% to about 7.5% Si, from about 0.25% to about 0.45% Mg, not more than about 0.2% Fe, not more than about 0.2% Cu, remainder substantially Al)
  • JIS standard 6061 (from about 0.4% to about 0.8% Si, from about 0.15% to about 0.4% Cu, from about 0.8% to about 1.2% Mg, from about 0.04% to about 035% Cr, remainder substantially Al)
  • JIS standard 5056 (not more than about 03% Si, not more than about 0.4% Fe, not more than about 0.1% Cu, from about 0.05% to about 0.2% Mn, from about 4.5% to about 5.6% Mg, from about 0.05% to about 0.2% Cr, not more than about 0.1% Zn, remainder substantially Al)
  • JIS standard 7075 (not more than about 0.4% Si, not more than about 0.5% Fe, from about 1.2% to about 2.0% Cu, not more than about 0.3% Mn, from about 2.1% to about 2.9% Mg, from about 0.18% to about 0.28% Cr, from about 5.1% to about 6.1% Zn, about 0.2% Ti, remainder substantially Al)
  • the inventors of the present application have considered the above mentioned problems in composite materials which use such conventional aluminum alloys as matrix metal, and in particular have considered the particular case of a composite material which utilizes alumina-silica type short fibers as reinforcing fibers, since such alumina-silica type short fibers, among the various reinforcing fibers used conventionally in the manufacture of a fiber reinforced metal composite material, have particularly high strength, and are exceedingly effective in improving the strength of the composite material.
  • the present inventors as a result of various experimental researches to determine what composition of the aluminum alloy to be used as the matrix metal for such a composite material is optimum, have discovered that an aluminum alloy having a content of copper and a content of silicon within certain limits, and containing substantially no magnesium, nickel, zinc, and so forth is optimal as matrix metal, particularly in view of the bending strength characteristics of the resulting composite material.
  • the present invention is based on the knowledge obtained from the results of the various experimental researches carried out by the inventors of the present application, as will be detailed later in this specification.
  • a composite material comprising a mass of alumina-silica short fibers embedded in a matrix of metal, said matrix metal being an alloy consisting essentially of between approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% of copper, between approximately 0.5% to approximately 2% of silicon, and remainder substantially aluminum.
  • the fiber volume proportion of said short fibers may be between approximately 5% and approximately 50%; and more preferably the fiber volume proportion of said short fibers may be between approximately 5% and approximately 40%. Even more preferably, the fiber volume proportion of said short fibers may be between approximately 5% and approximately 20%, in which case the copper content of said aluminum alloy matrix metal should be between approximately 2% and approximately 6%.
  • the short fibers may be substantially all composed of alumina, which may be delta alumina; or, alternatively, substantially all said short fibers may be composed of amorphous alumina-silica; or, alternatively, said short fibers may have a substantial mullite crystalline content.
  • alumina-silica type short fibers which have high strength, and are exceedingly effective in improving the high temperature stability and strength of the resulting composite material
  • matrix metal there is used an aluminum alloy with a copper content of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, a silicon content of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%, and the remainder substantially aluminum
  • the volume proportion of the alumina-silica short fibers is desirably from approximately 5% to approximately 50%, whereby, as is clear from the results of experimental research carried out by the inventors of the present application as will be described below, a composite material with superior mechanical characteristics such as strength can be obtained.
  • the volume proportion of alumina-silica type short fibers in a composite material according to the present invention may be set to be lower than the value required for such a conventional composite material, and therefore, since it is possible to reduce the amount of alumina-silica short fibers used, the machinability and workability of the composite material can be improved, and it is also possible to reduce the cost of the composite material. Further, the characteristics with regard to wear on a mating member will be improved.
  • the strength of the aluminum alloy matrix metal is increased and thereby the strength of the composite material is improved, but that effect is not sufficient if the copper content is less than 15%, whereas if the copper content is more than 6% the composite material becomes very brittle, and has a tendency rapidly to disintegrate. Therefore the copper content of the aluminum alloy used as matrix metal in the composite material of the present invention is required to be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%.
  • the strength of the aluminum alloy matrix metal is thereby increased and thereby the strength of the composite material is improved, but that effect is not sufficient if the silicon content is less than 0.5%, whereas if the silicon content is more than 2% the composite material becomes very brittle, and has a tendency rapidly to disintegrate. Therefore the silicon content of the aluminum alloy used as matrix metal in the composite material of the present invention is required to be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the wear resistance of the composite material increases with the volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fibers, but when the volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fibers is in the range from zero to approximately 5% said wear resistance increases rapidly with an increase in the volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fibers, whereas when the volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fibers is in the range of at least approximately 5%, the wear resistance of the composite material does not very significantly increase with an increase in the volume proportion of said alumina-silica type short fibers. Therefore, according to one characteristic of the present invention, the volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fibers is required to be in the range of from approximately 5% to approximately 50%, and preferably is required to be in the range of from approximately 5% to approximately 40%.
  • the volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fibers is in a relatively low portion of the abovementioncd range, that is to say is between approximately 5% and approximately 20%, it is preferable that the copper content should be between approximately 2% and approximately 6%. Therefore, according to the above mentioned particular detailed characteristic of the present invention, the volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fibers is desired to be between about 5% and about 20%, and the copper content is desired to be between about 2% and about 6%.
  • the copper content or the silicon content of the aluminum alloy used as matrix metal of the composite material of the present invention has a relatively high value, if there are unevennesses in the concentration of the copper or the silicon within the aluminum alloy, the portions where the copper concentration or the silicon concentration is high will be brittle, and it will not therefore be possible to obtain a uniform matrix metal or a composite material of good and uniform quality.
  • such a composite material in order that the concentrations of copper and silicon within the aluminum alloy matrix metal should be uniform, such a composite material is subjected to liquidizing processing for from about 2 hours to about 8 hours at a temperature of from about 480°C to about 520°C, and is preferably further subjected to aging processing for about 2 hours to about 8 hours at a temperature of from about 150°C to 200°C.
  • the alumina-silica short fibers used in the composite material of the present invention may either be alumina non continuous fibers or may be alumina continuous fibers cut to a predetermined length.
  • These alumina-silica short fibers also, may be either alumina short fibers having a composition of from about 80% to about 100% A1 2 0 3 and remainder substantially Si0 2 , or may be crystalline or amorphous alumina-silica short fibers having a composition of not less than about 35% and not more than about 80% Al 2 O 3 and remainder substantially Si0 2 .
  • the crystalline structure of the Al 2 O 3 may be any one of the alpha, the gamma, or the delta crystalline structures.
  • the fiber length of the alumina-silica type short fibers is preferably from approximately 10 microns to approximately 7 cm, and particularly is from approximately 10 microns to approximately 5 cm, and the fiber diameter is preferably from approximately 1 micron to approximately 30 microns, and particularly is from approximately 1 micron to approximately 25 microns.
  • the alumina-silica type short fibers are used crystalline alumina-silica short fibers (alumina-silica short fibers including mullite crystals)
  • the matrix metal is an aluminum alloy of the composition described above
  • the mullite crystalline amount has a relatively low value
  • the bending strength of the composite material has a relatively high value
  • the variation in the bending strength of the composite material with variation in the mullite crystalline amount is relatively small, as a result of which it is considered that the mullite crystalline amount of the crystalline alumina-silica short fibers may have any value, in the composite material of this invention.
  • substantially aluminum means that, apart from aluminum, copper and silicon, the total of the inevitable metallic elements such as silicon, iron, zinc, manganese, nickel, titanium, and chromium included in the aluminum alloy used as matrix metal is not more than about 1%, and each of said elements individually is not present to more than about 0.5%.
  • the expression “substantially Si02” means that, apart from the Al 2 O 3 and the Si0 2 making up the alumina-silica short fibers, other elements are present only to such extents as to constitute impurities. It should further be noted that, in this specification, in descriptions of ranges of compositions, temperatures and the like, the expressions “at least”, “not less than”, “at most”, “no more than”, and “from - to -” and so on are intended to include the boundary values of the respective ranges.
  • the reinforcing material of which is to be, in this case, alumina short fibers the present inventors manufactured by using the high pressure casting method samples of various composite materials, utilizing as reinforcing material alumina short fiber material of type "Saffil RF' (this is a trademark) made by ICI K.K., which had composition about 95% delta Al 2 O 3 and remainder substantially Si0 2 , with the content of non fibrous particles of diameter more than about 150 microns being about 0.5%, and which had average fiber length about 2 cm and average fiber diameter about 3 microns, and utilizing as matrix metal Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys of various compositions. Then the present inventors conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of aluminum alloys designated as A1 through A64 were produced, having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith, as shown in the appended Table 1; this was done by, in each case, combining an appropriate quantity of substantially pure aluminum metal (purity at least 99%), an appropriate quantity of a mother alloy of approximately 50% aluminum and approximately 50% copper, and an appropriate quantity of a mother alloy of approximately 75% aluminum and approximately 25% silicon.
  • an appropriate number of alumina short fiber material preforms were made by, in each case, subjecting a quantity of the above specified alumina short fiber material to compression forming without using any binder. Each of these alumina short fiber material preforms was, as schematically illustrated in perspective view in Fig.
  • an exemplary such preform is designated by the reference numeral 2 and the alumina-silica short fibers therein are generally designated as 1, about 38 x 100 x 16 mm in dimensions, and the individual alumina-silica short fibers 1 in said preform 2 were oriented as overlapping in a two dimensionally random manner in planes parallel to the 38 x 100 mm plane while being stacked in the direction perpendicular to this plane. And the fiber volume proportion in each of said preforms 2 was approximately 40%.
  • each of these alumina-silica short fiber material preforms 2 was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through ⁇ 64 described above, in the following manner.
  • the preform 2 was was inserted into a stainless steel case 2a which was about 38 x 100 x 16 mm in dimensions and had at least one of its ends open.
  • each of these stainless steel cases 2a with its preform 2 held inside it was heated up to a temperature of approximately 600°C, and then said preform 2 was placed within a mold cavity 4 of a casting mold 3, which itself had previously been preheated up to a temperature of approximately 250°C.
  • the molten aluminum alloy was caused to percolate into the interstices of the alumina-silica short fiber material preform 2.
  • This pressurized state was maintained until the quantity 5 of molten aluminum alloy had completely solidified, and then the pressure plunger 6 was removed and the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the stainless steel case 2a and the preform 2 included therein was removed from the casting mold 3, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and also the stainless steel case 2a were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had alumina-silica short fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys Al through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of alumina-silica short fiber material in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was approximately 40%.
  • the following post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples. First, they were subjected to liquidizing processing at a temperature of approximately 510°C for approximately 8 hours, and then they were subjected to artificial aging processing at a temperature of approximately 160°C for approximately 8 hours. Then, from each of the composite material sample pieces manufactured as described above, to which heat treatment had been applied, there was cut a bending strength test piece of length approximately 50 mm, width approximately 10 mm, and thickness approximately 2 mm, with the planes of random fiber orientation extending parallel to the 50 mm x 10 mm faces of said test pieces, and for each of these composite material bending strength test pieces a three point bending strength test was carried out, with a gap between supports of approximately 40 mm. In these bending strength tests, the bending strength of the composite material bending strength test pieces was measured as the surface stress at breaking point M/Z (M is the bending moment at the breaking point, while Z is the cross section coefficient of the composite material bending strength test piece).
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 3.5%, approximately 1% to approximately 2.5%, and approximately 1% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 4%, approximately 3.5%, and approximately 3%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5%; and, yet further, in the particular cases that the copper content was approximately 6% or was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had substantially the same value, as when the copper content was approximately 1.5% or approximately 1%, respectively.
  • Fig. 1 are generally higher than the typical bending strength of approximately 50 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a volume proportion of approximately 40%. Further, it will be seen that, for the particular above described types of such composite material using aluminum alloy as matrix metal with a copper content of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% and with a silicon content of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%, the bending strength values are between approximately 1.14 and approximately 1.54 times said typical bending strength of approximately 50 kg/mm 2 attained by the above mentioned conventional composite material.
  • the copper content of said ⁇ l-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, again utilizing as reinforcing material the same alumina short type fiber material, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 30%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first set of preferred embodiments were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the first set of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 30%, by contrast to the first set of preferred embodiments described above. These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first set of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through ⁇ 64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 30%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing alumina short fiber material was approximately 30%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content in the range of approximately 1% to approximately 1.5%; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 4%, approximately 3.5% to approximately 4%, and approximately 3%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular cases that the copper content was approximately 6% or was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had substantially the same value, as when the copper content was approximately 1.5% or approximately 1%, respectively.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.21 and approximately 157 times the typical bending strength of approximately 47 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 30%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same alumina short type fiber material, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 20%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the previously described sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the previously described sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 20%, by contrast to the first and second sets of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first and second sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 20%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing alumina short fiber material was approximately 20%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content less than approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 3%, approximately 1.5% to approximately 2.5%, and approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5% to approximately 5%, and approximately 3.5%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had substantially the same value, as when the copper content was approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.07 and approximately 1.65 times the typical bending strength of approximately 43 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 20%.
  • the copper content of said ⁇ l-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% and more desirably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same alumina short type fiber material, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 10%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the third sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the first through the third sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 10%, by contrast to the first through the third sets of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the third sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 10%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing alumina short fiber material was approximately 10%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content less than approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1.5% to approximately 5%, approximately 1.5% to approximately 4.5%, and approximately 1.5% to approximately 4%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a lower value than when the copper content was approximately 1.5%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.08 and approximately 1.74 times the typical bending strength of approximately 38 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 10%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% and more desirably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same alumina short type fiber material, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 5%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the fourth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the first through the fourth sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 5%, by contrast to the first through the fourth sets of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the fourth sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 5%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing alumina short fiber material was approximately 5%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1.5% to approximately 5%, approximately 1.5% to approximately 3.5%, and approximately 1.5% to approximately 2.5%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a lower value, than when the copper content was approximately 1.5%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.06 and approximately 1.60 times the typical bending strength of approximately 35 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 5%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% and more desirably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%; and, particularly in the particular case that the fiber volume proportion of the alumina short fibers is in the range of from approximately 5% to approximately 20%, it is preferable that the copper content of said AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%.
  • a different type of reinforcing fiber was chosen.
  • the present inventors manufactured by using the high pressure casting method samples of various composite materials, utilizing as matrix metal Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys of various compositions, and utilizing as reinforcing material crystalline alumina-silica short fiber material, formed by subjecting a quantity of amorphous alumina-silica type short fiber material of the type "KaoWool" (this is a trademark) made by Isolite Babcock Taika K.K., which was a material composed of approximately 49% Alz03 and remainder substantially SiO 2 , and having average fiber diameter about 3 microns and average fiber length about 1 mm, and with its content of non fibrous particles with particle diameter at least 150 microns being about 0.7%, to heat processing, so that the mullite crystalline amount included in said alumina-silica short fibers was raised to approximately 60%. Then the present inventors conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite
  • a set of aluminum alloys the same as those designated as A1 through A64 for the first five sets of preferred embodiments were produced in the same manner as before, and the same number of fiber material preforms were then made by applying compression forming to masses of the above described crystalline alumina-silica short fiber material, without using any binder, in substantially the same way as in the first set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • Each of the resulting crystalline alumina-silica fiber material preforms had dimensions and three dimensional fiber orientation characteristics substantially as in the first through the fifth sets of preferred embodiments, and said preforms all had a volume proportion of the crystalline alumina-silica short fibers of approximately 40%.
  • each of these crystalline alumina-silica fiber material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as in the first set of preferred embodiments.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass, along with the stainless steel case utilized, was machined away, leaving, in each case, only a sample piece of composite material which had crystalline alumina-silica fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of crystalline alumina-silica fibers in the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 40%.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing crystalline alumina-silica short fiber material was approximately 40%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, and, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content less than approximately 1% or greater than approximately 6%, was the same as or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 2.5%, approximately 1% to approximately 2.5%, and approximately 1% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 4%, approximately 3.5%, and approximately 3%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value substantially the same, as when the copper content was approximately 15%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.15 and approximately 1.62 times the typical bending strength of approximately 47 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar crystalline alumina-silica short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 40%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same crystalline alumina short type fiber material as utilized in the sixth set of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 30%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the sixth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of crystalline alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the sixth set of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 30%, by contrast to the sixth set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the sixth sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these crystalline alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had crystalline alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys Al through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of crystalline alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 30%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing crystalline alumina short fiber material was approximately 30%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 5.5%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 3.5%, approximately 1% to approximately 3%, and approximately 1% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 4%, approximately 3.5%, and approximately 3%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value approximately the same, as when the copper content was approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.14 and approximately 1.61 times the typical bending strength of approximately 44 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar crystalline alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 30%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 15% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same crystalline alumina short type fiber material as utilized in the sixth and seventh sets of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 20%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the seventh sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of crystalline alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the sixth and seventh sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 20%, by contrast to the seventh set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the seventh sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these crystalline alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had crystalline alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of crystalline alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 20%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • Fig. 8 corresponds to Figs. 1 through 7 relating to the first through the seventh sets of preferred embodiments, respectively.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing crystalline alumina short fiber material was approximately 20%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or considerably higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content less than approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 3.5%, approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%, and approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and from approximately 3.5% to approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 55%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value approximately the same, as when the copper content was approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.10 and approximately 1.66 times the typical bending strength of approximately 41 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar crystalline alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 20%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, and particularly more preferably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same crystalline alumina short type fiber material as utilized in the sixth through the eighth sets of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 10%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the eighth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of crystalline alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the sixth through the eighth sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 10%, by contrast to the eighth set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the cighth sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these crystalline alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had crystalline alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of crystalline alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 10%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing crystalline alumina short fiber material was approximately 10%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or considerably higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1.5% to approximately 2.5%, approximately 1.5% to approximately 2.5%, and approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value substantially lower than when the copper content was approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.03 and approximately 1.56 times the typical bending strength of approximately 39 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar crystalline alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 10%.
  • the copper content of said ⁇ l-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, and particularly more preferably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same crystalline alumina short type fiber material as utilized in the sixth through the ninth sets of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 5%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the ninth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of crystalline alumina short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the sixth through the ninth sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 5%, by contrast to the ninth set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the ninth sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these crystalline alumina short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had crystalline alumina short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of crystalline alumina short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 5%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing crystalline alumina short fiber material was approximately 5%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or considerably higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximatcly 6%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 5%, approximately 1.5% to approximately 2.5%, and approximately 1.5% to approximately 2.5%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value substantially lower than when the copper content was approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.03 and approximately 1.54 times the typical bending strength of approximately 35 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar crystalline alumina short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 5%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, and particularly more preferably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%; and, particularly in the particular case that the fiber volume proportion of the crystalline alumina-silica short fibers is in the range of from approximately 5% to approximately 20%, it is preferable that the copper content of said AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%.
  • the present inventors manufactured by using the high pressure casting method samples of various composite materials, utilizing as matrix metal Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys of various compositions, and utilizing as reinforcing material amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material of the type "KaoWool" (this is a trademark) made by Isolite Babcock Taika K.K., which was a material composed of approximately 49% Al 2 O 3 and remainder substantially Si0 2 , and having average fiber diameter about 3 microns and average fiber length about 1 mm, and with its content of non fibrous particles with particle diameter at least 150 microns being about 0.7%. Then the present inventors conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of aluminum alloys the same as those designated as A1 through A64 for the first five sets of preferred embodiments were produced in the same manncr as before, and the same number of fiber material preforms were then made by applying compression forming to masses of the above described amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material, without using any binder, in substantially the same way as in the first set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • Each of the resulting amorphous alumina-silica fiber material preforms had dimensions and three dimensional fiber orientation characteristics substantially as in the previously described sets of preferred embodiments, and said preforms all had a volume proportion of the amorphous alumina-silica short fibers of approximately 40%.
  • each of these amorphous alumina-silica fiber material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys Al through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as in the first set of preferred embodiments.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass, along with the stainless steel case utilized, was machined away, leaving, in each case, only a sample piece of composite material which had amorphous alumina-silica fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of amorphous alumina-silica fibers in the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 40%.
  • post processing steps of liquidizing processing and artificial aging processing were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • a bending strength test was carried out, again substantially as before and utilizing the same operational parameters.
  • Fig. 11 corresponds to Figs. 1 through 10 relating to the first through the tenth sets of preferred embodiments, respectively.
  • graphs of Fig. 11 there are again shown relations between copper content and the bending strength (in kg/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of silicon fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material was approximately 40%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5 % , approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, and was the same as or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 2.5%, approximately 1% to approximately 2.5%, and approximately 1% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 4%, approximately 3.5%, and approximately 3%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value substantially the same, as when the copper content was approximately 1.5%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.15 and approximately 1.61 times the typical bending strength of approximately 46 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 40%.
  • the copper content of said ⁇ l-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as utilized in the eleventh set of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 30%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the eleventh sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the eleventh set of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 30%, by contrast to the eleventh set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the eleventh sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these amorphous alumina-silica short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys Al through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through ⁇ 64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of amorphous alumina-silica short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 30%.
  • Fig. 12 corresponds to Figs. 1 through 11 relating to the first through the eleventh sets of preferred embodiments, respectively.
  • graphs of Fig. 12 there are again shown relations between copper content and the bending strength (in kg/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of silicon fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • the volumr proportion of the reinforcing amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material was approximately 30%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same as or higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1% to approximately 2%, approximately 1% to approximately 2.5%, and approximately 1% to approximately 3.5%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 4%, approximately 3.5%, and approximately 3%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value approximately the same, as when the copper content was approximately 1.5%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.12 and approximately 1.53 times the typical bending strength of approximately 43 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 30%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as utilized in the eleventh and twelfth sets of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 20%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the twelfth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the eleventh and twelfth sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 20%, by contrast to the twelfth set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the twelfth sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these amorphous alumina-silica short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys Al through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of amorphous alumina-silica short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 20%.
  • Fig. 13 corresponds to Figs. 1 through 12 relating to the first through the twelfth sets of preferred embodiments, respectively.
  • graphs of Fig. 13 there are again shown relations between copper content and the bending strength (in kg/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of silicon fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material was approximately 20%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or considerably higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 65%, and was the same as or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 65%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value approximately the same, as when the copper content was approximately 1%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.08 and approximately 1.68 times the typical bending strength of approximately 40 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 20%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, and particularly more preferably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as utilized in the eleventh through the thirteenth sets of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal substantially the same sixty four types of AI-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 10%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the thirteenth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the eleventh through the thirteenth sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 10%, by contrast to the thirteenth set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the thirteenth sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these amorphous alumina-silica short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloys Al through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of amorphous alumina-silica short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 10%.
  • Fig. 14 corresponds to Figs. 1 through 13 relating to the first through the thirteenth sets of preferred embodiments, respectively.
  • graphs of Fig. 14 there are again shown relations between copper content and the bending strength (in kg/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of silicon fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material was approximately 10%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or considerably higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the ranges of approximately 15% to approximately 3.5%, approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%, and approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%, respectively; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value substantially lower than when the copper content was approximately 1.5%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.05 and approximately 1.61 times the typical bending strength of approximately 38 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 10%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 15% to approximately 6%, and particularly more preferably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, this time again utilizing as reinforcing material the same amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as utilized in the eleventh through the fourteenth sets of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix mctal substantially the same sixty four types of Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloys as utilized in the previously described embodiments, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only approximately 5%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of sixty four quantities of aluminum alloy material the same as those utilized in the first through the fourteenth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminum and having various quantities of silicon and copper mixed therewith.
  • an appropriate number of amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material preforms were as before made by the method disclosed above with respect to the eleventh through the fourteenth sets of preferred embodiments, each of said alumina short type fiber material preforms now having a fiber volume proportion of approximately 5%, by contrast to the fourteenth set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms of the first through the fourteenth sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these amorphous alumina-silica short fiber type material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriatc quantity of one of the aluminum alloys Al through A64 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass and the stainless steel case were machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had amorphous alumina-silica short type fiber material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminum alloys A1 through A64 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of amorphous alumina-silica short type fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now approximately 5%.
  • Fig. 15 corresponds to Figs. 1 through 14 relating to the first through the fourteenth sets of preferred embodiments, respectively.
  • graphs of Fig. 15 there are again shown relations between copper content and the bending strength (in kg/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of silicon fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material was approximately 5%, substantially irrespective of the silicon content of the aluminum alloy matrix metal of the bending strength composite material test pieces, except for those of the test pieces which had substantially zero percent silicon content and had copper content approximately 6.5%, when the copper content was either at the low extreme of approximately 1% or less, or was at the high extreme of approximately 6% or more, the bending strength of the composite material pieces had a relatively low value; and, when the silicon content was one of the lower values of approximately 0.5%, approximately 1%, and approximately 2%, except for those of the test pieces which had copper content exceeding approximately 6%, the bending strength of the composite material was the same or considerably higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 0%, and was the same or much higher than the bending strength of a composite material in which the silicon content was substantially 3%.
  • the bending strength of the composite material test pieces increased relatively rapidly and substantially linearly along with an increase in the copper content in the range of approximately 1.5% to approximately 3%; and said bending strength attained a substantially maximum value when the copper content was approximately 5%, approximately 4.5%, and approximately 4%, respectively; and, further, said bending strength decreased relatively rapidly along with an increase in the copper content when the copper content was in the range exceeding about 5.5%; and, yet further, in the particular case that the copper content was approximately 6.5%, the bending strength of the composite material test sample pieces had a value substantially lower than when the copper content was approximately 1.5%.
  • the bending strength values attained by the composite material test sample pieces are between approximately 1.03 and approximately 1.62 times the typical bending strength of approximately 34 kg/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminum alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using a similar amorphous alumina-silica short fiber material as reinforcing material in a similar volume proportion of approximately 5%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, and particularly more preferably should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%, while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6% while the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%; and, particularly in the particular case that the fiber volume proportion of the amorphous alumina-silica short fibers is in the range of from approximately 5% to approximately 20%, it is preferable that the copper content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 2% to approximately 6%.
  • the copper content of the Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal is in the range of from approximately 1.5% to approximately 6%, and that it is preferable that the silicon content of said Al-Cu-Si type aluminum alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2%, it next was deemed germane to provide a set of tests to establish what fiber volume proportion of the reinforcing alumina-silica type short fibers is most appropriate.
  • each of these alumina-silica type short fiber material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminum alloy matrix metals described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminum alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and as before the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminum alloy mass was machined away along with the stainless steel case which was utilized, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had alumina-silica type short fiber material as reinforcing material in the appropriate fiber volume proportion and the described aluminum alloy as matrix metal.
  • the fiber volume proportion of the alumina-silica type short fiber reinforcing material should be in the range of from approximately 5% to approximately 50%, and more preferably should be in the range of from approximately 5% to approximately 40%.
  • crystalline alumina-silica short fiber material is used as the alumina-silica type short fiber material
  • several samples of the amorphous alumina-silica type short fiber material used in the eleventh through the fifteenth sets of preferred embodiments above were subjected to heat treatment under various conditions not particularly detailed here because they are per se known in the art, whereby crystalline alumina-silica type short fiber material samples were formed with mullite crystalline amounts of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, and 65%, and then, from each of these crystalline alumina-silica type short fiber material samples, a preform with a fiber volume proportion of approximately 15% was formed in the same manner and under the same conditions as in the sixth through the tenth sets of preferred embodiments detailed above, and then
  • Fig. 17 The results of these bending tests are shown in Fig. 17. It should be noted that in Fig. 17 the mullite crystalline amount (in percent) of the crystalline alumina-silica short fiber material which was the reinforcing fiber material is shown along the horizontal axis .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
EP86113099A 1985-09-30 1986-09-23 Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Tonerde-Silikafasern als Verstärkungselement und eine Matrix bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit geringen Kupfer- und Siliziumgehalten Withdrawn EP0220495A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP217489/85 1985-09-30
JP21748985A JPS6277433A (ja) 1985-09-30 1985-09-30 アルミナ−シリカ系短繊維強化アルミニウム合金

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0220495A2 true EP0220495A2 (de) 1987-05-06
EP0220495A3 EP0220495A3 (de) 1988-01-13

Family

ID=16705037

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86113099A Withdrawn EP0220495A3 (de) 1985-09-30 1986-09-23 Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Tonerde-Silikafasern als Verstärkungselement und eine Matrix bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit geringen Kupfer- und Siliziumgehalten

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0220495A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS6277433A (de)
AU (1) AU587283B2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2124064C1 (ru) * 1997-02-12 1998-12-27 Московский государственный институт стали и сплавов (технологический университет) Композиционный материал
RU2183687C1 (ru) * 2000-10-11 2002-06-20 Московский государственный институт стали и сплавов (технологический университет) Металломатричный композит

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61279646A (ja) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-10 Toyota Motor Corp アルミナ短繊維強化アルミニウム合金
JPS6254045A (ja) * 1985-09-02 1987-03-09 Toyota Motor Corp 炭化ケイ素及び窒化ケイ素短繊維強化アルミニウム合金

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1556070A (de) * 1968-03-04 1969-01-31
US4152149A (en) * 1974-02-08 1979-05-01 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd. Composite material comprising reinforced aluminum or aluminum-base alloy
CA1202553A (en) * 1981-09-01 1986-04-01 Kohji Yamatsuta Method for the preparation of fiber-reinforced metal composite material
JPS5893841A (ja) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-03 Toyota Motor Corp 繊維強化金属型複合材料
KR920008955B1 (ko) * 1984-10-25 1992-10-12 도요다 지도오샤 가부시끼가이샤 결정질 알루미나 실리카 섬유강화 금속복합재료
JPS61279646A (ja) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-10 Toyota Motor Corp アルミナ短繊維強化アルミニウム合金

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2124064C1 (ru) * 1997-02-12 1998-12-27 Московский государственный институт стали и сплавов (технологический университет) Композиционный материал
RU2183687C1 (ru) * 2000-10-11 2002-06-20 Московский государственный институт стали и сплавов (технологический университет) Металломатричный композит

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6277433A (ja) 1987-04-09
AU6306486A (en) 1987-04-02
AU587283B2 (en) 1989-08-10
EP0220495A3 (de) 1988-01-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0235574A2 (de) Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Tonerde-Silikatfasern als Verstärkungselement und eine Matrix, bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit geringem Kupfer- und Magnesiumgehalt
Friend The effect of matrix properties on reinforcement in short alumina fibre-aluminium metal matrix composites
CA2016007C (en) Gamma titanium aluminum alloys modified by chromium and tantalum and method of preparation
US4842819A (en) Chromium-modified titanium aluminum alloys and method of preparation
JPS61284547A (ja) 高強度と高靭性とを有するアルミニウムベース合金製品及びその製法
EP0241198B1 (de) Verbundwerkstoff, bestehend aus einer Leichtmetallmatrix und einer Faserinnenbewehrung aus einer Mischung von kurzen Fasern und Kaliumtitanatwhiskern
GB2219310A (en) Chromium- and niobium-modified titanium aluminum alloys and method of preparation
CA2012234C (en) Gamma titanium alloys modified by chromium and silicon and method of preparation
EP0164536B1 (de) Mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärkter Verbundwerkstoff und metallische Matrix aus einer Zink enthaltenden Magnesiumlegierung
EP0335692B1 (de) Faserverstärktes Verbundmetall
CA2069557A1 (en) Cr-bearing gamma titanium aluminides and method of making same
EP0213615B1 (de) Verbundwerkstoff, verstärkt mittels kurzer Fasern aus Siliziumkarbid und/oder Siliziumnitrid und mit einer Matrize aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit Kupfer und eine ziemlich niedrige Menge Silizium
EP0181996A2 (de) Verbundwerkstoff mit in einer metallischen Matrix eingebetteten mineralischen Verstärkungsfasern
EP0220495A2 (de) Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Tonerde-Silikafasern als Verstärkungselement und eine Matrix bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit geringen Kupfer- und Siliziumgehalten
EP0204319A1 (de) Verbundwerkstoff aus kurzen Aluminiumoxidfasern als Armierungsmaterial und eine kupfer- und magnesiumhaltige Aluminiumlegierung als Matrixmetall
EP0178046B1 (de) Mit Zirkondioxyd verstärktes Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierung und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Werkstoffes
EP0207314B1 (de) Verbundwerkstoff aus kurzen Siliciumcarbidfasern als Armierungsmaterial und eine kupfer- und magnesiumhaltige Aluminiumlegierung als Matrixmetall
CA2009598C (en) Gamma titanium aluminum alloys modified by chromium and tungsten and method of preparation
EP0236729B1 (de) Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Siliziumnitridfasern des Typs der versetzungsfreien Einkristalle als Verstärkungselement und eine Matrix, bestehend aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit geringem Kupfer- und Magnesiumgehalt
EP0338783A2 (de) Faserverstärktes Verbundmetall
CA2138168A1 (en) Metal matrix composite
JPH01147039A (ja) 耐摩耗アルミニウム合金及びその製造方法
JPH0218374B2 (de)
JPH07207400A (ja) Ｎｂ―Ｔｉ―Ａｌ―Ｈｆ合金マトリックスとＮｂ基強化材とからなる複合体構造
EP0213528A2 (de) Verbundwerkstoff mit kurzen Aluminiumoxyd-Siliziumdioxyd-Verstärkungsfasern und eine Matrize aus einer kupferenthaltenden Aluminiumlegierung mit einem Verhältnis zwischen den verschiedenen Bestandteilen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19871228

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19890320

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19890801

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: DOHNOMOTO, TADASHI

Inventor name: TANAKA, ATSUO

Inventor name: KUBO, MASAHIRO

Inventor name: HIRAI, HIDETOSHI