EP0217703B1 - Electrically heated vehicle window - Google Patents

Electrically heated vehicle window Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0217703B1
EP0217703B1 EP86401958A EP86401958A EP0217703B1 EP 0217703 B1 EP0217703 B1 EP 0217703B1 EP 86401958 A EP86401958 A EP 86401958A EP 86401958 A EP86401958 A EP 86401958A EP 0217703 B1 EP0217703 B1 EP 0217703B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pane
baked
conductors
metal strip
electrically heatable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86401958A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0217703A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Dr. Kunert
Gerd Sauer
Hans Ohlenforst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
Saint Gobain Vitrage International SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH, Saint Gobain Vitrage International SA filed Critical Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
Publication of EP0217703A1 publication Critical patent/EP0217703A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0217703B1 publication Critical patent/EP0217703B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016Heaters using particular connecting means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrically heated automobile window comprising, on one of its faces, narrow printed and baked heating conductors which are connected to collective conductors arranged along the edge of the glass and printed and baked at the same time as the heating conductors, metallic strips being arranged on the collective printed and baked conductors and being electrically connected thereto.
  • Heated glass panes fitted with such reinforcing strips brazed to collective conductors again have other drawbacks.
  • the metal strips applied to the surface represent obstacles during the handling, packaging and shipping of the panes and it can easily happen that in the event of an impact against the brazed metal strips, these deform in bending or that the brazed places let go.
  • such collective conductors reinforced by metal strips are particularly disadvantageous when the collective conductors are not disposed at the outer edge of the glass but at a certain distance from the framing of the glass inside the field of vision. , which is necessarily the case when the heating conductors are used at the same time as antenna conductors.
  • the collective conductors in particular must be placed at a distance of a few centimeters from the frame of the bodywork, otherwise the capacity of the antenna conductor would become excessive.
  • a conductive network serving simultaneously as an antenna and a heating resistor it is advantageous to make the collective conductors which are entirely in the field of vision, as narrow as possible, which is possible in particular by reinforcement by means of an additional metal strip.
  • the mounting of the additional metal strip is troublesome because this metal strip not only constitutes an obstacle, for example when cleaning the window, but also because above all there is a risk that the additional metal strip, during cleaning of the glass or in other circumstances, is requested to such an extent that the places of junction with the baked layer of collective conductors fail.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a heating glass of the type described, in such a way that the risk of damaging the additional metal strips and destroying the junction points between the metal strips and the cooked collective conductors is avoided with certainty. .
  • this object is achieved by the fact that the collective baked conductors and the metal strips which are connected thereto in a manner ensuring electrical conduction are provided with a coating of plastic material which covers them as a whole and which it is stuck to it as well as to the glass surface.
  • the metal reinforcing strip of a composite collective conductor is also, in accordance with the invention, completely embedded in a mass of plastic material which, for its part, adheres firmly and permanently to the baked layer of the collective conductors and to the glass surface immediately adjacent to the baked conductive layer.
  • the bonded coating guarantees additional mechanical fixing of the metal strip on the baked layer of collective conductors. Consequently, the electrically conductive junction with the layer of collective conductors can be carried out in a way which simply ensures a good electrical connection without having, moreover, to have high mechanical strength. In this way it is now possible to also use electrical junctions which, as such, have insufficient mechanical strength because, thanks to the encapsulation of collective conductors by means of hardening plastic, the junction points show considerable consolidation and mechanical stabilization. In the case of a heating glass according to the invention, it is also possible to return to economical contacting methods without having to take into account the mechanical strength of the electrical junction. The junction points must also not offer any particular resistance to chemical attack, for example to humidity, since they are optimally protected against such influences by complete encapsulation.
  • the heating glass shown in FIG. 1 is a heated rear window for a motor vehicle which, as such, is joined to the fixing wing of the bodywork by the direct bonding process.
  • the silicate glass pane 1 is provided, along its periphery, with a framing layer 2, generally a few centimeters in width, made of an opaque material, in particular a ceramic baking paint. .
  • a framing layer 2 generally a few centimeters in width, made of an opaque material, in particular a ceramic baking paint.
  • On this baked paint layer 2 are arranged collective conductors 3 from which the heating conductors 4 extend over the field of vision of the window.
  • the collective conductors 3 and the heating conductors 4 are made of an electrically conductive baking paint, are applied according to a current process in a single and same operation by screen printing on the glass surface or on the layer 2 previously applied and are baked in the course of heating necessary for the bending and / or tempering process of the glass.
  • the collective conductors 3 are relatively narrow.
  • a metal strip 6 is arranged on the collective conductor 3, preferably over its entire length.
  • the metal strip 6 can, for example, be a strip of copper sheet. Alternatively, the metal strip may be formed from a flat strand of copper or tinned copper. In the case of the embodiment shown, the metal strip 6 is applied in a slightly wavy form. At intervals, the metal strip 6 comes into contact with the baked collective conductor 3. At these contact points, the metal strip is joined together with a suitable junction material 7 to the baked collective conductor 3.
  • the junction material can for example be, as is usually done, a solder. It is however advantageous to replace the solder joint by a more economical method.
  • the well-known bonding process can be used in which the electrical conductive junction is produced as a welded junction using ultrasounds acting punctually. It is also possible to use as bonding materials electrically conductive or thermosetting adhesives.
  • a layer 8 of a hardening plastic which is united securely and sealingly to the layer 2, to the collective conductor 3 and to the metal strip 6.
  • the application of this layer plastic material 8 is advantageously carried out using a correspondingly calibrated extrusion nozzle which, by means of an appropriate device, is guided automatically along the window.
  • the adhesive material is thus deposited on layer 2, the collective conductor 3 and the metal strip 6, envelops the metal strip 6 and, after hardening, adheres securely and durably to layer 2, to the collective conductor 3 and to the metal strip 6 .
  • a conventional adhesive composition which is also suitable for the present case, is, for example, a one-component polyurethane adhesive which cures with humidity, as described in US Patent No. 3 779 794.
  • the surfaces to which the adhesive is applied must be pretreated in a known manner using suitable cleaning agents and / or suitable compositions serving as base coats.
  • the application of the plastic layer 8 on the peripheral zone of the glass is advantageously carried out during the manufacture of the heating glass. In this way, it is possible to take full advantage of the advantages offered by the invention. As soon as the plastic layer 8 has hardened, the heating glass is ready for packaging and shipment to the automobile manufacturing plant.
  • the adhesive strip 10 necessary for bonding is deposited using a extrusion nozzle on the plastic layer 8 and the glass is placed in the window opening.
  • the bead of adhesive 10 can be applied to the fixing wing in the window bay of the bodywork. If necessary, it is advantageous to activate the surface of the cured adhesive layer. before bringing the layer 8 and the adhesive bead 10 into contact.
  • FIG. 2 shows a heatable automobile window without peripheral coating in the form of a frame, which, for its assembly, is provided with a rubber frame.
  • the pane 11 is again provided on a surface with collective conductors 13 and heating conductors 14 printed and baked.
  • the collective conductors 13 are arranged parallel to the edge of the glass at a distance of several centimeters therefrom, so that, when the glass is installed in place, they are spaced at least 2 to 3 cm from the metal parts of window frame.
  • Such spacing of the collective conductors of the metal frame is necessary, when the electrical conductors 13, 14 must be used not only to heat the window, but also as antenna conductors, otherwise the capacity of the antenna conductor would become excessive.
  • a narrow metal strip 16 for example made of copper sheet.
  • This metal strip 16 extends over the entire length of the collective conductor 13 and is joined at the junction points 17 punctually to the collective conductor 13.
  • the junction points 17 can advantageously be arranged directly at the level of the individual heating conductors 14. In this way , the collective cooked conductors 13 essentially have the function of covering the metal strip 13 towards the outside.
  • the collective conductors 13 can thus be of an extremely narrow configuration.
  • the electrically conductive junctions 17 can again be produced using suitable methods, for example by brazing, bonding or, in accordance with the known bonding method, using ultrasonic energy.
  • the metal strip 16 is bent at one end and shaped into a flat plug 19 by means of which, when the heating glass is installed in place, the electric power cable is connected via a corresponding connector.
  • the collective baked conductors 13 and the metal strip 16 which is electrically connected thereto are again covered with a layer of plastic material 18 applied in the form of a strip.
  • This layer of plastic material 18 is made, as in the previous embodiment, of an adhesive material suitable for extrusion, firmly and durably connected to the surface of the glass, to the collective conductors 13 and to the metal strip 16. It is applied to collective conductors using a suitable method, for example by means of a correspondingly calibrated extrusion nozzle, and using a device operating automatically to guide the extrusion nozzle. After the adhesive material has hardened, layer 18 represents ideal protection for collective conductors.
  • the electric heatable glass shown in FIG. 3 presents, with regard to the collective conductors 13 and the heating conductors 14 printed and baked on the glass 11, as well as the metal strips 16 reinforcing the collective conductors 13, the junction points 17, the plastic layer 18 covering the collective conductors and the flat plug 19, the same structure and the same configuration as the heatable glass shown in FIG. 2. It is however in this case prepared for direct bonding to the frame of the bodywork. To this end, the coating in the form of the usual opaque frame 20 is again placed on the peripheral zone. This coating in the form of a frame 20 may consist of any enamel suitable for this purpose or even also of a baking paint. On this coating 20 is disposed a layer of continuous adhesive which is shaped flat and hardened 21.
  • This layer of hardened adhesive 21 is also deposited using a correspondingly calibrated extrusion nozzle, which is guided along from the edge of the glass.
  • the profiled adhesive layer is provided, on the side facing the viewing surface of the glass, with a substantially wedge-shaped lip in section 22.
  • this lip 22 is has a stop rib for the adhesive material which is deposited in the form of an extruded bead 23 on the hardened adhesive layer 21 or on the fixing flange of the window frame of the bodywork.
  • the lip 22 prevents the soft adhesive material from being pushed back towards the viewing surface of the glass.
  • This measure not only has an aesthetic role, but is also important for technical reasons when the electrical conductors are to be used as antenna conductors. Since the usual adhesive materials have a certain electrical conductivity, an exit of the adhesive material from the adhesive bead 23 can lead, in certain circumstances, to a short circuit between the bodywork and the antenna conductors, in particular when the plastic layer 18 also has a certain electrical conductivity. In the event of such a short circuit, the electrical conductors on the glass would no longer fulfill their antenna function.

Description

La présente invention concerne une vitre d'automobile chauffable électrique comportant, sur une de ses faces, des conducteurs chauffants étroits imprimés et cuits qui sont connectés à des conducteurs collectifs disposés le long du bord de la vitre et imprimés et cuits en même temps que les conducteurs chauffants, des bandes métalliques étant disposées sur les conducteurs collectifs imprimés et cuits et étant connectées électriquement à ceux-ci.The present invention relates to an electrically heated automobile window comprising, on one of its faces, narrow printed and baked heating conductors which are connected to collective conductors arranged along the edge of the glass and printed and baked at the same time as the heating conductors, metallic strips being arranged on the collective printed and baked conductors and being electrically connected thereto.

Des vitres d'automobiles chauffables électriques sont utilisées en particulier comme lunettes arrières dans des véhicules automobiles. Lorsque les conducteurs collectifs, qui sont destinés à fournir du courant aux conducteurs chauffants, sont faits simplement de la matière conductrice imprimée et cuite constituant les conducteurs chauffants, ils doivent être d'une configuration relativement large pour que leur résistance électrique ne soit pas trop élevée, car sans cela ils s'échaufferaient trop fortement. Mais même dans le cas d'une réalisation comparativement plus large, leur résistance électrique est encore toujours relativement élevée parce que leur section est relativement faible à cause de l'épaisseur extraordinairement réduite de la couche imprimée et cuite. Même dans le cas d'une réalisation relativement plus large, on ne parvient en général pas à éviter qu'une fraction de l'énergie électrique soit perdue par un échauffement indésirable des conducteurs collectifs.Electrically heated automobile windows are used in particular as rear windows in motor vehicles. When the collective conductors, which are intended to supply current to the heating conductors, are made simply of the printed and cooked conductive material constituting the heating conductors, they must be of a relatively large configuration so that their electrical resistance is not too high , because otherwise they would heat up too strongly. But even in the case of a comparatively larger embodiment, their electrical resistance is still still relatively high because their cross section is relatively small because of the extraordinarily reduced thickness of the printed and baked layer. Even in the case of a relatively larger embodiment, it is generally not possible to avoid that a fraction of the electrical energy is lost by an undesirable heating of the collective conductors.

Il est connu, pour éviter cet inconvénient, de réduire la résistance électrique des conducteurs collectifs imprimés et cuits par le montage d'un conducteur métallique, par exemple une bande en tôle de cuivre ou un toron plat en cuivre (US-PS 3 467 818). La bande métallique est alors brasée, par exemple à intervalles, au conducteur collectif cuit. Pour éviter que la dilatation thermique différentielle de la bande métallique et de la vitre provoquent des tensions mécaniques nuisibles qui pourraient entraîner un arrachement des endroits brasés, la bande métallique est déformée en pont dans les zones comprises entre les endroits brasés. Les conducteurs collectifs imprimés et cuits peuvent, dans le cas de cette vitre chauffante connue, être d'une réalisation relativement étroite.To avoid this drawback, it is known to reduce the electrical resistance of collective conductors printed and baked by mounting a metallic conductor, for example a strip of copper sheet or a flat strand of copper (US-PS 3,467,818 ). The metal strip is then brazed, for example at intervals, to the cooked collective conductor. To prevent the differential thermal expansion of the metal strip and the glass causing harmful mechanical tensions which could lead to tearing of the brazed places, the metal strip is deformed in a bridge in the areas between the brazed places. The collective printed and cooked conductors can, in the case of this known heating glass, be of a relatively narrow construction.

Des vitres chauffantes équipées de telles bandes de renforcement brasées sur les conducteurs collectifs ont à nouveau d'autres inconvénients. En premier lieu, les bandes métalliques appliquées sur la surface représentent des obstacles lors de la manipulation, de l'emballage et de l'expédition des vitres et il peut facilement arriver qu'en cas de chocs contre les bandes métalliques brasées, celles-ci se déforment en flexion ou que les endroits brasés lâchent. En second lieu, de tels conducteurs collectifs renforcés par des bandes métalliques sont particulièrement désavantageux lorsque les conducteurs collectifs ne sont pas disposés au bord extérieur de la vitre mais à une certaine distance de l'encadrement de la vitre à l'intérieur du champ de vision, ce qui est forcément le cas lorsque les conducteurs chauffants sont utilisés en même temps comme conducteurs d'antenne. Dans ce cas, les conducteurs collectifs notamment doivent être disposés à une distance de- quelques centimètres du cadre de la carrosserie, sinon la capacité du conducteur d'antenne deviendrait excessive. Dans le cas d'un réseau conducteur servant simultanément d'antenne et de résistance chauffante, on a intérêt à rendre les conducteurs collectifs qui se trouvent entièrement dans le champ de vision, aussi étroits que possible, ce qui est possible en particulier par un renforcement au moyen d'une bande métallique supplémentaire. Par ailleurs, le montage de la bande métallique supplémentaire est gênant parce que cette bande métallique non seulement constitue un obstacle, par exemple lors du nettoyage de la vitre, mais aussi parce qu'avant tout il y a risque que la bande métallique supplémentaire, lors du nettoyage de la vitre ou dans d'autres circonstances, soit sollicitée dans une mesure telle que les endroits de jonction avec la couche cuite des conducteurs collectifs cèdent.Heated glass panes fitted with such reinforcing strips brazed to collective conductors again have other drawbacks. Firstly, the metal strips applied to the surface represent obstacles during the handling, packaging and shipping of the panes and it can easily happen that in the event of an impact against the brazed metal strips, these deform in bending or that the brazed places let go. Secondly, such collective conductors reinforced by metal strips are particularly disadvantageous when the collective conductors are not disposed at the outer edge of the glass but at a certain distance from the framing of the glass inside the field of vision. , which is necessarily the case when the heating conductors are used at the same time as antenna conductors. In this case, the collective conductors in particular must be placed at a distance of a few centimeters from the frame of the bodywork, otherwise the capacity of the antenna conductor would become excessive. In the case of a conductive network serving simultaneously as an antenna and a heating resistor, it is advantageous to make the collective conductors which are entirely in the field of vision, as narrow as possible, which is possible in particular by reinforcement by means of an additional metal strip. Furthermore, the mounting of the additional metal strip is troublesome because this metal strip not only constitutes an obstacle, for example when cleaning the window, but also because above all there is a risk that the additional metal strip, during cleaning of the glass or in other circumstances, is requested to such an extent that the places of junction with the baked layer of collective conductors fail.

L'invention a pour but de réaliser une vitre chauffante du type décrit, d'une manière telle que le risque d'endommagement des bandes métalliques supplémentaires et de destruction des endroits de jonction entre les bandes métalliques et les conducteurs collectifs cuits soit évité avec certitude.The object of the invention is to produce a heating glass of the type described, in such a way that the risk of damaging the additional metal strips and destroying the junction points between the metal strips and the cooked collective conductors is avoided with certainty. .

Suivant l'invention, ce but est réalisé par le fait que les conducteurs collectifs cuits et les bandes métalliques qui y sont reliées d'une manière assurant la conduction électrique sont pourvus d'un revêtement en matière plastique qui les recouvre dans leur ensemble et qui y est collé ainsi qu'à la surface du verre.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the fact that the collective baked conductors and the metal strips which are connected thereto in a manner ensuring electrical conduction are provided with a coating of plastic material which covers them as a whole and which it is stuck to it as well as to the glass surface.

La bande de renforcement métallique d'un conducteur collectifs composite est aussi, conformément à l'invention, complètement noyée dans une masse de matière plastique qui, pour sa part, adhère solidement et de manière permanente à la couche cuite des conducteurs collectifs et à la surface de verre immédiatement adjacente à la couche conductrice cuite. Ceci offre quelques avantages essentiels : en premier lieu, la bande métallique est protégée de manière sûre contre les charges mécaniques, de sorte que le risque d'arrachement au niveau des endroits de jonction à la couche de conducteurs collectifs cuite est entièrement éliminé. En même temps, grâce au noyage dans la masse de ma- fière plastique, le risque de blessures aux mains dues à d'éventuelles arêtes vives de la bande métallique, par exemple lors du nettoyage de la vitre, est entièrement exclu. De plus, grâce au revêtement qui en règle générale est fait d'une matière plastique opaque, l'aspect optique du conducteur collectif composite est nettement amélioré. Par ailleurs, le revêtement collé garantit une fixation mécanique supplémentaire de la bande métallique sur la couche de conducteurs collectifs cuite. Par conséquent, la jonction conductrice électrique à la couche de conducteurs collectifs peut être réalisée d'une manière qui assure simplement une bonne connexion électrique sans devoir présenter, en outre, une solidité mécanique élevée. De cette façon, il est possible à présent d'utiliser aussi des jonctions électriques qui, comme telles, ont une résistance mécanique insuffisante parce que, grâce à l'encapsulation des conducteurs collectifs au moyen de la matière plastique durcissante, les endroits de jonction accusent une consolidation et une stabilisation mécanique considérables. Dans le cas d'une vitre chauffante conforme à l'invention, on peut aussi en revenir à des méthodes de mise en contact économiques sans devoir tenir compte de la solidité mécanique de la jonction électrique. Les endroits de jonction ne doivent pas non plus offrir une résistance particulière à une attaque chimique, par exemple à l'humidité, car ils sont protégés de manière optimale contre de telles influences par l'encapsulation complète.The metal reinforcing strip of a composite collective conductor is also, in accordance with the invention, completely embedded in a mass of plastic material which, for its part, adheres firmly and permanently to the baked layer of the collective conductors and to the glass surface immediately adjacent to the baked conductive layer. This offers some essential advantages: firstly, the metal strip is securely protected against mechanical loads, so that the risk of tearing at the points of junction with the layer of baked collective conductors is completely eliminated. At the same time, thanks to the flooding in the mass of plastic, the risk of injury to the hands due to possible sharp edges of the metal strip, for example when cleaning the glass, is entirely excluded. In addition, thanks to the coating which as a rule is made of an opaque plastic, the optical appearance of the collective composite conductor is significantly improved. Furthermore, the bonded coating guarantees additional mechanical fixing of the metal strip on the baked layer of collective conductors. Consequently, the electrically conductive junction with the layer of collective conductors can be carried out in a way which simply ensures a good electrical connection without having, moreover, to have high mechanical strength. In this way it is now possible to also use electrical junctions which, as such, have insufficient mechanical strength because, thanks to the encapsulation of collective conductors by means of hardening plastic, the junction points show considerable consolidation and mechanical stabilization. In the case of a heating glass according to the invention, it is also possible to return to economical contacting methods without having to take into account the mechanical strength of the electrical junction. The junction points must also not offer any particular resistance to chemical attack, for example to humidity, since they are optimally protected against such influences by complete encapsulation.

Des développements appropriés de l'invention font l'objet des revendications 2 à 13. Ils ressortent en outre, en même temps que les avantages ainsi obtenus, de la description suivante de divers exemples de réalisation donnés avec référence aux dessins annexés.Appropriate developments of the invention are the subject of claims 2 to 13. They also emerge, together with the advantages thus obtained, from the following description of various embodiments given with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Dans les dessins annexés qui illustrent chaque fois en perspective, une partie de la vitre chauffante :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue d'une première forme d'exécution d'une vitre chauffante conforme à l'invention comportant des conducteurs collectifs disposés immédiatement au bord de la vitre;
  • la Fig. 2 illustre une autre forme d'exécution d'une vitre chauffante conforme à l'invention comportant des conducteurs collectifs qui s'étendent à une certaine distance du bord de la vitre, à l'intérieur du champ de vision de cette vitre, et
  • la Fig. 3 illustre une autre forme d'exécution d'une vitre chauffante conforme à l'invention dans laquelle le réseau conducteur peut en particulier aussi être utilisé comme réseau conducteur d'antenne.
In the appended drawings which illustrate in perspective each time, part of the heating glass:
  • Fig. 1 is a view of a first embodiment of a heating glass according to the invention comprising collective conductors disposed immediately at the edge of the glass;
  • Fig. 2 illustrates another embodiment of a heating glass according to the invention comprising collective conductors which extend at a certain distance from the edge of the glass, inside the field of vision of this glass, and
  • Fig. 3 illustrates another embodiment of a heating glass according to the invention in which the conductive network can in particular also be used as an antenna conductive network.

La vitre chauffante représentée sur la Fig. 1 est une lunette arrière chauffante pour un véhicule automobile qui, comme telle, est réunie à l'aile de fixation de la carrosserie par le procédé de collage direct. La vitre en verre silicaté 1 est pourvue, tout le long de sa périphérie, d'une couche d'encadrement 2, en règle générale de quelques centimètres de largeur, faite d'une matière opaque, en particulier d'une peinture céramique à cuire. Sur cette couche de peinture cuite 2 sont disposés des conducteurs collectifs 3 à partir desquels les conducteurs chauffants 4 s'étendent sur le champ de vision de la vitre. Les conducteurs collectifs 3 et les conducteurs chauffants 4 sont faits d'une peinture à cuire conductrice électrique, sont appliqués selon un procédé courant en une seule et même opération par sérigraphie sur la surface du verre ou sur la couche 2 précédemment appliquée et sont cuits au cours du chauffage nécessaire pour le procédé de cintrage et/ou de trempe de la vitre.The heating glass shown in FIG. 1 is a heated rear window for a motor vehicle which, as such, is joined to the fixing wing of the bodywork by the direct bonding process. The silicate glass pane 1 is provided, along its periphery, with a framing layer 2, generally a few centimeters in width, made of an opaque material, in particular a ceramic baking paint. . On this baked paint layer 2 are arranged collective conductors 3 from which the heating conductors 4 extend over the field of vision of the window. The collective conductors 3 and the heating conductors 4 are made of an electrically conductive baking paint, are applied according to a current process in a single and same operation by screen printing on the glass surface or on the layer 2 previously applied and are baked in the course of heating necessary for the bending and / or tempering process of the glass.

Les conducteurs collectifs 3 sont relativement étroits. Sur le conducteur collectif 3, de préférence sur l'ensemble de sa longueur, est disposée une bande métallique 6. La bande métallique 6 peut, par exemple, être une bande de tôle de cuivre. En variante, la bande métallique peut être formée d'un toron plat en cuivre ou en cuivre étamé. Dans le cas de l'exemple de réalisation représenté, la bande métallique 6 est appliquée sous une forme légèrement ondulée. A intervalles, la bande métallique 6 vient en contact avec le conducteur collectif cuit 3. A ces endroits de contact, la bande métallique est réunie à l'aide d'une matière de jonction adéquate 7 au conducteur collectif cuit 3. La matière de jonction peut par exemple être, comme cela se pratique habituellement, une brasure. Il est cependant avantageux de remplacer la jonction par brasure par une méthode plus économique. A cet effet, par exemple, on peut utiliser le procédé Bonding bien connu dans lequel la jonction conductrice électrique est réalisée comme une jonction soudée à l'aide d'ultrasons agissant ponctuellement. Il est également possible d'utiliser comme matières de jonction des adhésifs conducteurs électriques thermodurcissants ou thermoplastiques.The collective conductors 3 are relatively narrow. A metal strip 6 is arranged on the collective conductor 3, preferably over its entire length. The metal strip 6 can, for example, be a strip of copper sheet. Alternatively, the metal strip may be formed from a flat strand of copper or tinned copper. In the case of the embodiment shown, the metal strip 6 is applied in a slightly wavy form. At intervals, the metal strip 6 comes into contact with the baked collective conductor 3. At these contact points, the metal strip is joined together with a suitable junction material 7 to the baked collective conductor 3. The junction material can for example be, as is usually done, a solder. It is however advantageous to replace the solder joint by a more economical method. For this purpose, for example, the well-known bonding process can be used in which the electrical conductive junction is produced as a welded junction using ultrasounds acting punctually. It is also possible to use as bonding materials electrically conductive or thermosetting adhesives.

Sur la couche d'encadrement 2 est ensuite appliquée périphériquement une couche 8 en une matière plastique durcissante qui s'unit solidement et de manière étanche à la couche 2, au conducteur collectif 3 et à la bande métallique 6. L'application de cette couche de matière plastique 8 est avantageusement effectuée à l'aide d'un ajutage d'extrusion calibré de manière correspondante qui, au moyen d'un dispositif approprié, est guidé automatiquement le long de la vitre. La matière adhésive se dépose ainsi sur la couche 2, le conducteur collectif 3 et la bande métallique 6, enveloppe la bande métallique 6 et, après durcissement, adhère solidement et durablement à la couche 2, au conducteur collectif 3 et à la bande métallique 6.On the framing layer 2 is then applied peripherally a layer 8 of a hardening plastic which is united securely and sealingly to the layer 2, to the collective conductor 3 and to the metal strip 6. The application of this layer plastic material 8 is advantageously carried out using a correspondingly calibrated extrusion nozzle which, by means of an appropriate device, is guided automatically along the window. The adhesive material is thus deposited on layer 2, the collective conductor 3 and the metal strip 6, envelops the metal strip 6 and, after hardening, adheres securely and durably to layer 2, to the collective conductor 3 and to the metal strip 6 .

A titre de matière pour la couche de matière plastique 8, on peut utiliser, par exemple, des matières adhésives telles qu'elles sont courantes pour le collage d'une vitre à une carrosserie d'une automobile. Une composition adhésive classique, qui convient aussi pour le cas présent est, par exemple, une colle de polyuréthanne à un seul composant durcissant à l'humidité, telle qu'elle est décrite dans le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique n° 3 779 794. Le cas échéant, les surfaces sur lesquelles l'adhésif est appliqué doivent être traitées au préalable d'une manière connue à l'aide d'agents de nettoyage appropriés et/ou de compositions adéquates servant de couches de fond.As material for the plastic layer 8, one can use, for example, adhesive materials as they are common for bonding a window to a body of an automobile. A conventional adhesive composition, which is also suitable for the present case, is, for example, a one-component polyurethane adhesive which cures with humidity, as described in US Patent No. 3 779 794. Where appropriate, the surfaces to which the adhesive is applied must be pretreated in a known manner using suitable cleaning agents and / or suitable compositions serving as base coats.

L'application de la couche de matière plastique 8 sur la zone périphérique de la vitre s'effectue avantageusement lors de la fabrication de la vitre chauffante. De cette façon, il est possible de tirer entièrement profit des avantages offerts par l'invention. Dès que la couche de matière plastique 8 est durcie, la vitre chauffante est prête pour l'emballage et l'expédition vers l'usine de construction d'automobiles.The application of the plastic layer 8 on the peripheral zone of the glass is advantageously carried out during the manufacture of the heating glass. In this way, it is possible to take full advantage of the advantages offered by the invention. As soon as the plastic layer 8 has hardened, the heating glass is ready for packaging and shipment to the automobile manufacturing plant.

En vue d'incorporer la vitre dans les baies de fenêtres de la carrosserie, le cordon d'adhésif 10 nécessaire pour le collage, fait d'un adhésif compatible avec la couche de matière plastique 8, est déposé à l'aide d'un ajutage d'extrusion sur la couche de matière plastique 8 et la vitre est mise en place dans la baie de fenêtre. Bien entendu, au lieu d'être appliqué sur la vitre, le cordon d'adhésif 10 peut être appliqué sur l'aile de fixation dans la baie de fenêtre de la carrosserie. Le cas échéant, il est avantageux d'activer la surface de la couche d'adhésif durci avant d'amener la couche 8 et le cordon d'adhésif 10 en contact.In order to incorporate the glass in the windows of the bodywork, the adhesive strip 10 necessary for bonding, made of an adhesive compatible with the plastic layer 8, is deposited using a extrusion nozzle on the plastic layer 8 and the glass is placed in the window opening. Of course, instead of being applied to the glass, the bead of adhesive 10 can be applied to the fixing wing in the window bay of the bodywork. If necessary, it is advantageous to activate the surface of the cured adhesive layer. before bringing the layer 8 and the adhesive bead 10 into contact.

La forme d'exécution illustrée sur la Fig. 2 représente une vitre d'automobile chauffable sans revêtement périphérique en forme d'encadrement, qui, en vue de son montage, est pourvue d'un encadrement en caoutchouc. La vitre 11 est à nouveau pourvue sur une surface de conducteurs collectifs 13 et de conducteurs chauffants 14 imprimés et cuits. Les conducteurs collectifs 13 sont disposés parallèlement au bord de la vitre à une distance de plusieurs centimètres de celui-ci, de sorte que, lorsque la vitre est installée en place, ils sont espacés d'au moins 2 à 3 cm des pièces métalliques de l'encadrement de fenêtre. Un tel espacement des conducteurs collectifs de l'encadrement métallique est nécessaire, lorsque les conducteurs électriques 13, 14 doivent être utilisés non seulement pour chauffer la vitre, mais aussi comme conducteurs d'antenne, sinon la capacité du conducteur d'antenne deviendrait excessive.The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 shows a heatable automobile window without peripheral coating in the form of a frame, which, for its assembly, is provided with a rubber frame. The pane 11 is again provided on a surface with collective conductors 13 and heating conductors 14 printed and baked. The collective conductors 13 are arranged parallel to the edge of the glass at a distance of several centimeters therefrom, so that, when the glass is installed in place, they are spaced at least 2 to 3 cm from the metal parts of window frame. Such spacing of the collective conductors of the metal frame is necessary, when the electrical conductors 13, 14 must be used not only to heat the window, but also as antenna conductors, otherwise the capacity of the antenna conductor would become excessive.

Sur les conducteurs collectifs 13 imprimés et cuits est disposée une bande métallique étroite 16, par exemple en tôle de cuivre. Cette band métallique 16 s'étend sur toute la longueur du conducteur collectif 13 et est réunie aux endroits de jonction 17 ponctuellement au conducteur collectif 13. Les points de jonction 17 peuvent avantageusement être disposés directement à hauteur des conducteurs chauffants individuels 14. De cette façon, les conducteurs collectifs cuits 13 ont essentiellement pour fonction de couvrir la bande métallique 13 vers l'extérieur. Les conducteurs collectifs 13 peuvent ainsi être d'une configuration extrêmement étroite.On the collective conductors 13 printed and baked is arranged a narrow metal strip 16, for example made of copper sheet. This metal strip 16 extends over the entire length of the collective conductor 13 and is joined at the junction points 17 punctually to the collective conductor 13. The junction points 17 can advantageously be arranged directly at the level of the individual heating conductors 14. In this way , the collective cooked conductors 13 essentially have the function of covering the metal strip 13 towards the outside. The collective conductors 13 can thus be of an extremely narrow configuration.

Les jonctions conductrices électriques 17 peuvent à nouveau être réalisées à l'aide de procédés adéquats, par exemple par brasage, collage ou, conformément au procédé Bonding connu, à l'aide d'énergie ultrasonore. La bande métallique 16 est coudée à une extrémité et façonnée en une fiche plate 19 au moyen de laquelle, lorsque la vitre chauffante est installée en place, le câble d'alimentation électrique est connecté par l'intermédiaire d'un connecteur correspondant.The electrically conductive junctions 17 can again be produced using suitable methods, for example by brazing, bonding or, in accordance with the known bonding method, using ultrasonic energy. The metal strip 16 is bent at one end and shaped into a flat plug 19 by means of which, when the heating glass is installed in place, the electric power cable is connected via a corresponding connector.

Les conducteurs collectifs cuits 13 et la bande métallique 16 qui y est connectée électriquement sont à nouveau recouverts d'une couche de matière plastique 18 appliquée sous la forme d'une bande. Cette couche de matière plastique 18 est faite, comme dans l'exemple de réalisation précédent, d'une matière adhésive apte à l'extrusion, reliée solidement et de façon durable à la surface du verre, aux conducteurs collectifs 13 et à la bande métallique 16. Elle est appliquée sur les conducteurs collectifs à l'aide d'un procédé adéquat, par exemple au moyen d'un ajutage d'extrusion calibré de manière correspondante, et à l'aide d'un dispositif fonctionnant automatiquement pour guider l'ajutage d'extrusion. Après le durcissement de la matière adhésive, la couche 18 représente une protection idéale pour les conducteurs collectifs.The collective baked conductors 13 and the metal strip 16 which is electrically connected thereto are again covered with a layer of plastic material 18 applied in the form of a strip. This layer of plastic material 18 is made, as in the previous embodiment, of an adhesive material suitable for extrusion, firmly and durably connected to the surface of the glass, to the collective conductors 13 and to the metal strip 16. It is applied to collective conductors using a suitable method, for example by means of a correspondingly calibrated extrusion nozzle, and using a device operating automatically to guide the extrusion nozzle. After the adhesive material has hardened, layer 18 represents ideal protection for collective conductors.

La vitre chauffable électrique représentée sur la Fig. 3 présente, en ce qui concerne les conducteurs collectifs 13 et les conducteurs chauffants 14 imprimés et cuits sur la vitre 11, ainsi que les bandes métalliques 16 renforçant les conducteurs collectifs 13, les points de jonction 17, la couche de matière plastique 18 couvrant les conducteurs collectifs et la fiche plate 19, la même structure et la même configuration que la vitre chauffable représentée sur la Fig. 2. Elle est cependant dans ce cas préparée en vue du collage direct au cadre de la carrosserie. A cet effet, le revêtement en forme d'encadrement opaque habituel 20 est à nouveau disposé sur la zone périphérique. Ce revêtement en forme d'encadrement 20 peut être constitué de n'importe quel émail convenant à cet effet ou même aussi d'une peinture à cuire. Sur ce revêtement 20 est disposée une couche d'adhésif continue profilée à plat et durcie 21. Cette couche d'adhésif durcie 21 est également déposée à l'aide d'un ajutage d'extrusion calibré de manière correspondante, qui est guidé le long du bord de la vitre. La couche d'adhésif profilée est pourvue, du côté tourné vers la surface de vision de la vitre, d'une lèvre en substance cunéiforme en coupe 22. Lors de l'incorporation de la vitre dans le cadre de fenêtre, cette lèvre 22 se comporte comme une nervure d'arrêt pour la matière adhésive qui est déposée sous la forme d'un cordon extrudé 23 sur la couche d'adhésif durcie 21 ou sur l'aile de fixation du cadre de fenêtre de la carrosserie. Lors de la mise en place de la vitre, la lèvre 22 empêche que la matière adhésive molle soit refoulée en direction de la surface de vision de la vitre. Cette mesure a non seulement un rôle esthétique, mais est aussi importante pour des raisons techniques lorsque les conducteurs électriques doivent être utilisés comme conducteurs d'antenne. Etant donné que les matières adhésives habituelles possèdent une certaine conductivité électrique, une sortie de la matière adhésive du cordon d'adhésif 23 peut aboutir, dans certaines circonstances, à un court-circuit entre la carrosserie et les conducteurs d'antenne, en particulier lorsque la couche de matière plastique 18 possède aussi une certaine conductivité électrique. Dans le cas d'un tel court-circuit, les conducteurs électriques sur la vitre ne rempliraient plus leur fonction d'antenne.The electric heatable glass shown in FIG. 3 presents, with regard to the collective conductors 13 and the heating conductors 14 printed and baked on the glass 11, as well as the metal strips 16 reinforcing the collective conductors 13, the junction points 17, the plastic layer 18 covering the collective conductors and the flat plug 19, the same structure and the same configuration as the heatable glass shown in FIG. 2. It is however in this case prepared for direct bonding to the frame of the bodywork. To this end, the coating in the form of the usual opaque frame 20 is again placed on the peripheral zone. This coating in the form of a frame 20 may consist of any enamel suitable for this purpose or even also of a baking paint. On this coating 20 is disposed a layer of continuous adhesive which is shaped flat and hardened 21. This layer of hardened adhesive 21 is also deposited using a correspondingly calibrated extrusion nozzle, which is guided along from the edge of the glass. The profiled adhesive layer is provided, on the side facing the viewing surface of the glass, with a substantially wedge-shaped lip in section 22. When the glass is incorporated into the window frame, this lip 22 is has a stop rib for the adhesive material which is deposited in the form of an extruded bead 23 on the hardened adhesive layer 21 or on the fixing flange of the window frame of the bodywork. When the glass is put in place, the lip 22 prevents the soft adhesive material from being pushed back towards the viewing surface of the glass. This measure not only has an aesthetic role, but is also important for technical reasons when the electrical conductors are to be used as antenna conductors. Since the usual adhesive materials have a certain electrical conductivity, an exit of the adhesive material from the adhesive bead 23 can lead, in certain circumstances, to a short circuit between the bodywork and the antenna conductors, in particular when the plastic layer 18 also has a certain electrical conductivity. In the event of such a short circuit, the electrical conductors on the glass would no longer fulfill their antenna function.

Claims (13)

1. Electrically heatable automobile pane comprising, on one of its faces, printed, baked narrow heating conductors which are connected to collector conductors disposed along the edge of the pane and printed and baked at the same time as the heating conductors, metal strips being disposed on the printed and baked collector conductors and being electrically connected to them, characterized in that the baked collector conductors (3, 13) and the metal strips (6, 16) which, in the present case, are electrically connected to them, are provided with a covering of plastics material (8, 18), which covers them as a whole and which is glued to them as well as to the surface of the glass.
2. Electrically heatable pane according to Claim 1, characterized in that the covering of plastics material (8, 18) is applied by deposition of a hardening adhesive material which envelops the baked collector conductors (3, 13) and the metal strip (6, 16).
3. Electrically heatable pane according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the metal strip (6, 16) connected to the baked collector conductor (3, 13) is a strip of metal sheet.
4. Electrically heatable pane according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the metal strip (6, 16) connected to the baked collector conductor (3, 13) is a flat strand.
5. Electrically heatable pane according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal strip (6, 16) is connected to the baked collector conductor (3, 13) at points by brazing.
6. Electrically heatable pane according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal strip (6, 16) is connected to the baked collector conductor (3, 13) at points by an ultrasonic soldering method.
7. Electrically heatable pane according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal strip (6, 16) is connected to the baked collector conductor (3, 13) by a junction glued by means of an electrically conducting glue.
8. Electrically heatable pane according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the collector conductors (3), each equipped with a metal strip (6), are disposed in the immediate vicinity of the edge of the pane on an opaque border coating (2), and the covering of plastics material (8), which covers the baked collector conductors (3) and the metal strips (6), is disposed without interruption along the periphery of the pane and forms bonding surfaces on which, during the insertion of the pane in position in the window frame, the adhesive cord (10) adheres.
9. Electrically heatable pane according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the collector conductors (13), each connected to a metal strip (16) and provided, like this metal strip, with the covering of plastics material (18), are disposed at a distance from the edge of the pane within the viewing area of the pane (11).
10. Electrically heatable pane according to Claim 9, characterized in that the peripheral zone of the pane (11) is provided with an opaque coating in the form of a border (20), on which is disposed a flat profiled, hardened adhesive layer (21).
11. Electrically heatable pane according to Claim 10, characterized in that the flat profiled hardened adhesive layer (21) is provided, on the side towards the viewing area of the pane, with a lip (22) serving as a stop rib for the adhesive material (23) during the insertion of the pane in position in the window frame.
12. Electrically heatable automobile pane according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the adhesive material forming the layer of plastics material (8, 18) is a single-component polyurethane adhesive hardening with humidity.
13. Electrically heatable automobile pane according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the adhesive material forming the layer of plastics material (8, 18) is a two-component reaction adhesive.
EP86401958A 1985-09-10 1986-09-08 Electrically heated vehicle window Expired - Lifetime EP0217703B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19853532119 DE3532119A1 (en) 1985-09-10 1985-09-10 ELECTRICALLY HEATED CAR GLASS DISC
DE3532119 1985-09-10

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EP0217703A1 EP0217703A1 (en) 1987-04-08
EP0217703B1 true EP0217703B1 (en) 1990-09-05

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EP (1) EP0217703B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6261285A (en)
AU (1) AU590301B2 (en)
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NZ217516A (en) 1989-03-29
US4721845A (en) 1988-01-26
AU590301B2 (en) 1989-11-02
AU6046986A (en) 1987-03-12
EP0217703A1 (en) 1987-04-08
JPS6261285A (en) 1987-03-17
DE3532119A1 (en) 1987-03-19
DE3673936D1 (en) 1990-10-11

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