EP0214108A1 - Structure de couverture en treillis - Google Patents

Structure de couverture en treillis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0214108A1
EP0214108A1 EP86830222A EP86830222A EP0214108A1 EP 0214108 A1 EP0214108 A1 EP 0214108A1 EP 86830222 A EP86830222 A EP 86830222A EP 86830222 A EP86830222 A EP 86830222A EP 0214108 A1 EP0214108 A1 EP 0214108A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rods
lattice
members
covering
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86830222A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0214108B1 (fr
Inventor
Alfredo Gandolfi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86830222T priority Critical patent/ATE58938T1/de
Publication of EP0214108A1 publication Critical patent/EP0214108A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0214108B1 publication Critical patent/EP0214108B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E04B2001/193—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section with flattened connecting parts, e.g. ends
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1933—Struts specially adapted therefor of polygonal, e.g. square, cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1936—Winged profiles, e.g. with a L-, T-, U- or X-shaped cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1975—Frameworks where the struts are directly connected to each other, i.e. without interposed connecting nodes or plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/199—Details of roofs, floors or walls supported by the framework

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lattice covering structure having improved connections of its structural members. More particularly, this invention relates to a space grating covering structure made up of modular members of a pyramidal shape which can very easily transported and assembled in situ with improved connections of their structural members, said structure being useful for covering large rooms or spaces preferably of a rectangular or a square plan.
  • three-dimensional lattices forming the covering are made up of two parallel plane lattices, one in the upper position and the other one below the first, such lattices being connected to each other by means of vertical rods or by rods at various slopes.
  • Said lattices which consist of straight rods concurring at the assembly knots do not have necessarily the same warping or member arrangement.
  • Such structural types represent the building systems of major employment for covering large areas, as they have remarkable properties of rigidity and static efficiency as well as of simplicity of the constructive procedures. Indeed, by employing such systems the external load is spread in all directions along said rods which are stressed mainly by axial stresses, bending moments being almost absent.
  • One of the covering types which are more known at the present time consists of a square base pyramid assembly where in the apices are kept together by a base of orthogonal lattice can next be arranged in a direction parallel to the main sides of the structure or in such a way that angles are formed of various amplitudes between the rods of the upper and the lower lattices and the profile or outline of the structure itself.
  • the choice of the knot affects the very construe tive procedure as well as the final strength of the whole structure. Therefore the rod profile, the realization modes, the assembling operations and the cost of the structure all vary as a function of said knot.
  • MERO sys tem makes use of a steel sphere as a knot, said sphere having eighteen faces with eighteen threaded holes in which the rods are screwed that are at various slopes but all converge toward the centre of the sphere.
  • the OKTAPLATTE system employs two hollow hemispheres made up of steel and welded with the interposition of a circular intermediate reinforcement disk, to which hemisphere the rods are fastened by welding at various slopes.
  • Such a system though easily used in the case of curved surfaces, has the drawbacks due to the high welding concentration at the knot and to the need for performing the construction operations in the building yard during the installation of the structure.
  • the PYRAMITEC system has the drawback of not respecting the axial directions.of the diagonal rods converging to the lower knot as the ends of the latter must be squashed in order to weld the same to the plate of said knot.
  • the upper coupling mechanisms of the single pyramidal members provided at points corresponding to the base edges of the same, which mechanisms have a bolt for each corner, give rise to the need for a further upper support system of the whole covering.
  • a space lattice structure is proposed to that aim, which structure consists of pyramidal mod ules, the structural members that each single module is-made up of being assembled before installation owing to the particular kind of realization of the lower and the upper connection members.
  • connection mechanism to which the rods are welded which form the base as well as the pyramid diagonals, which mechanism is successively in the assem bling operations coupled to the corresponding mechanism of the adjacent module and therefore to the supporting member of the whole covering and of a lower connection mechanism that is made up of a plate to which a tubular member is weld ed, which member allows the diagonal rods to be connected through welding and, during installation, the connection inside the same by means of bolts of the pyramid to the rods forming the lower lattice.
  • a lattice covering structure made up of modular inverted pyramidal members with a rectangular or a square base and of a lower lattice, said structure being characterized in that the lower knot at the apex of the pyramid consists of plate means on which a hollow tubular member is welded at the upper part, to which member the ends of the diagonal rods are laterally welded, said plate means being prcvided with a central hole for passing the connection means of the single pyramidal member, with the lattice rods of said lower lattice that converge to said knot, the connection members at the upper knots consisting of plate means having at their front parts a number of projecting members which form the coupling and welding zones of the base rods of the pyramid and of the diagonal concurring to each of said knots, said last mentioned plate means being provided with means for realizing their coupling with the adjacent connection member and with the supporting means of the covering supports.
  • the rods forming the base of the pyramidal members have a square cross section and the rods forming the diagonal member have a circular cross section.
  • additional rods can also be provided arranged along the diagonals of the pyramid base.
  • said connecting member of the upper knots comprises a vertically arranged plate with two parallel horizontal projecting parts which are provided at the central position on said plate and are spaced by a transversal central baffle or diaphragm, two holes being provided on said plate at its lower part for realizing the connection with the adjacent connection member, two further lateral holes being also provided at the upper part for coupl ing purposes as well as a central hole for passing the support means of the covering support.
  • said supporting means of the whole covering support are made up of two C-shaped members which are joined at their upper parts by a plate on which a tubular member is welded which is connected to the whole covering support.
  • said support means of the whole covering supports are of variable height that decreases from the central part toward the edges of the structure.
  • the rods of the lower lattice are made up of tubular members which are squashed at the point corresponding to the connection with the apex of the pyramid and with the other rod at right angles concurring into the knot.
  • the pyramidal module 1 of the lattice structure according to the present invention is made up of four base rods 2 having a square cross section and of four diagonal rods 3 having a circular cross section.
  • the base rods 2 are coupled two by two through welding the same to a connection member 4 at a point corresponding to their joining edge which can be shaped in a suitable way.
  • the upper connection member 4 is made up of a plate 5 (see also
  • FIG 6) which plate on the back side is designed for coupling with the corresponding member 4 and has on its front side two longitudinal crosspieces 6 and 7 which are parallel to each other and a vertical crosspiece 8, all such crosspieces defining the surface on which the single rods 2 are welded whereas the vertical crosspiece 8 inserts between said two rods 2 converging at the knot.
  • the upper end of the corresponding diagonal rod 3 is welded on the lower surface of said crosspiece 7 of each connection member 4.
  • Three and two holes are provided respectively at points corresponding to the upper and the lower edges of the back plate member 5 for connecting the pyramidal members to each other and for fastening the support member (not shown) of the whole covering.
  • the four diagonal rods 3 are converging at the lower part into a knot plate 9 consisting of a flat member 10 and a tubular, square cross section member 11 (see also Figures 7 and 8) on whose side faces the ends of the rods 3 are weld ed at the centre position.
  • said flat member 10 can have a thickness of about 8-10 mm while said tubular member 11 can be of sizes between 80 x 80 x 3 mm and 100 x 100 x 3 mm.
  • the knot plate 9 has at the central point corresponding to the tubular member 11 a hole for passing the screw 12 for the connection of the member 1 with rods 13 that form the lower lattice. Such connection is made complete through a nut 14 and two washers 15 and 16.
  • Said circular cross section rods 13 are squashed at the connection point with the single members 1 so that said rods can be coupled easily.
  • pyramidal members 1 when installing the structure, pyramidal members 1 will be available as already assembled members comprising said four base rods and said diagonal rods 3 already connected by welding to the connection members 4 as well as to the knot plate 9 so that, in the assembling step of the struc ture, the only operations to be performed are the assembling operations of said pyramidal members 1 and the connection of the same with the members of the lower lattice and with the supports of the whole covering.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically as a plan view a kind of embodiment of the lattice structure of the pre sent invention made up of the base rods 2 of the pyramid and of the rods 13 of the lower lattice as well as of the projec tions of the diagonal rods 3.
  • Figure 4 shows an assonometric view of a part of an assembled lattice structure, said part resting on the bearing member 17 arranged along the perimeter of the zone to be covered.
  • each pyramidal member are arranged two by two on the opposite edges along perpendicular lines which are respectively parallel to the rods 13 of the lower lattice.
  • Figure 5 shows the lattice structure as illustrated in Figure 4 wherein the supporting members or king-posts 18 of the purlins 19 of the covering 20 are fastened to the upper connections 4.
  • Said supporting members 18 are fastened to said member 4 by means of a bolt passing through the central hole of the three holes provided in the upper edge of said plate member 5 of said connection member 4 (see Figures 1 and 4 ) .
  • Said supporting members or king-posts 18, consisting of two C-shaped members spaced from each other, are joined at their upper parts through a plate 21 on which a tubular member 22 is arranged.
  • Said two back plates 5, coupled by two adjacent connection members 4, are inserted between said two C-shaped members, while one of said purlins 19 is coupled to said tubular member 22.
  • Said king-posts 18 will be of gradually decreasing height from the centre of the structure toward its peripheral part so as to give the covering the desired slope.
  • Figure 9 shows finally the rods 23 arranged on the diagonals of the base of said pyramidal member 1.
  • the employment of said rods 23 allows the commercially available profiles for the upper rods 2 to be employed in the case of large covering spans (for instance, of 50 x 50 m).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
EP86830222A 1985-07-29 1986-07-28 Structure de couverture en treillis Expired - Lifetime EP0214108B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86830222T ATE58938T1 (de) 1985-07-29 1986-07-28 Gitterwerkabdeckung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT4842085 1985-07-29
IT48420/85A IT1182796B (it) 1985-07-29 1985-07-29 Struttura di copertura e traliccio

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0214108A1 true EP0214108A1 (fr) 1987-03-11
EP0214108B1 EP0214108B1 (fr) 1990-12-05

Family

ID=11266438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86830222A Expired - Lifetime EP0214108B1 (fr) 1985-07-29 1986-07-28 Structure de couverture en treillis

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0214108B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE58938T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3676014D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1182796B (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2200932A (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-08-17 John Andrew Hemsworth A connector for connecting an elongate article to a structure
WO1993022515A1 (fr) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-11 Asw-Cubic Structures Limited Structure porteuse en trois dimensions
FR2746130A1 (fr) * 1996-03-18 1997-09-19 Usinor Sacilor Enceinte de confinement d'une installation industrielle a risques et procede de fabrication d'une telle enceinte
ES2129309A1 (es) * 1995-12-29 1999-06-01 Univ Coruna Estructura espacial de barras formada por modulos apilables de diagonales excentricas.
ES2182607A1 (es) * 1999-05-13 2003-03-01 Univ Coruna Estructura espacial de barras formada por modulos apilables de semioctaedros ensamblados por la diagonal.
CN107701909A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-16 北京建筑大学 可拼接结构单元、可拼接结构单元的组合

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3731450A (en) * 1969-08-14 1973-05-08 Chateau S Du Metal structure and sections
BE813544A (fr) * 1974-04-10 1974-07-31 Element de construction pour la realisation de charpentes metalliques spatiales et charpente obtenue.
NL7514237A (en) * 1975-12-05 1977-06-07 Bailey Constructiewerkplaats E Lattice:work assembly component for building - has vertical angle pieces at corners with bolt holes in transverse strips

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3731450A (en) * 1969-08-14 1973-05-08 Chateau S Du Metal structure and sections
BE813544A (fr) * 1974-04-10 1974-07-31 Element de construction pour la realisation de charpentes metalliques spatiales et charpente obtenue.
NL7514237A (en) * 1975-12-05 1977-06-07 Bailey Constructiewerkplaats E Lattice:work assembly component for building - has vertical angle pieces at corners with bolt holes in transverse strips

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2200932A (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-08-17 John Andrew Hemsworth A connector for connecting an elongate article to a structure
GB2200932B (en) * 1987-02-11 1991-10-30 John Andrew Hemsworth A connector for connecting an elongate article to a member.
WO1993022515A1 (fr) * 1992-05-05 1993-11-11 Asw-Cubic Structures Limited Structure porteuse en trois dimensions
ES2129309A1 (es) * 1995-12-29 1999-06-01 Univ Coruna Estructura espacial de barras formada por modulos apilables de diagonales excentricas.
FR2746130A1 (fr) * 1996-03-18 1997-09-19 Usinor Sacilor Enceinte de confinement d'une installation industrielle a risques et procede de fabrication d'une telle enceinte
ES2182607A1 (es) * 1999-05-13 2003-03-01 Univ Coruna Estructura espacial de barras formada por modulos apilables de semioctaedros ensamblados por la diagonal.
CN107701909A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-16 北京建筑大学 可拼接结构单元、可拼接结构单元的组合

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0214108B1 (fr) 1990-12-05
IT1182796B (it) 1987-10-05
ATE58938T1 (de) 1990-12-15
DE3676014D1 (de) 1991-01-17
IT8548420A0 (it) 1985-07-29

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