EP0213380A2 - Soot blower - Google Patents

Soot blower Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0213380A2
EP0213380A2 EP86110284A EP86110284A EP0213380A2 EP 0213380 A2 EP0213380 A2 EP 0213380A2 EP 86110284 A EP86110284 A EP 86110284A EP 86110284 A EP86110284 A EP 86110284A EP 0213380 A2 EP0213380 A2 EP 0213380A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
heat exchanger
sootblower
exchanger surface
soot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86110284A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0213380B1 (en
EP0213380A3 (en
Inventor
Georg Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Management AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG, Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
Publication of EP0213380A2 publication Critical patent/EP0213380A2/en
Publication of EP0213380A3 publication Critical patent/EP0213380A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0213380B1 publication Critical patent/EP0213380B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • F23J3/023—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the fireside of watertubes in boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1838—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations
    • F22B1/1846—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. waste heat boilers after a coal gasification plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
    • F28G1/166—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from external surfaces of heat exchange conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a soot blower for a heat exchanger surface, which consists of parallel tubes which carry a cooling medium and are welded together to form a wall, at least one soot blowing tube which can be filled with a soot blowing medium and which has at least one nozzle for the exit of the soot blowing medium is provided in the wall.
  • Such a sootblower is known from CH-PS 648 397.
  • the sootblower tube is coaxially surrounded by a tube of the heat exchanger surface so that cooling medium flows in the space between the two tubes and protects the sootblower tube against excessive temperatures.
  • this solution which is good in itself, has the disadvantage that the outlet temperature of the cooling medium from the double tube is influenced by the temperature of the soot blowing medium and therefore deviates from the outlet temperature of the cooling medium emerging from the other tubes of the heat exchanger surface.
  • this object is achieved in that at least one protective tube connected to the heat exchanger surface is arranged on the side of the wall exposed to the heat and in front of the sootblower tube, through which the same cooling medium flows as the heat exchanger surface, and that the nozzle is located between the Protective tube and the wall extends.
  • the protective tube arranged in front of the sootblast tube is exposed to practically the same thermodynamic conditions as the other tubes of the heat exchanger surface, so that the outlet temperature of the cooling medium from the protective tube and that from the other tubes of the heat exchanger surface are essentially the same.
  • the sootblower has good accessibility to the sootblower tube during assembly and for any repairs, and - depending on the need - the nozzles or their number can be changed in a simple manner.
  • a second heat exchanger surface 2, which also has the shape of an eight-sided regular prism 2 consists of a plurality of vertical wall tubes 3 ′ and webs 7 ′ welded to one another. It surrounds the prism of the heat transfer surface 1 coaxially and is rotated by 22.5 ° with respect to the inner prism. At their lower ends in FIG.
  • the wall pipes 3 open into an octagonal horizontal distributor 3l and at their upper ends into a collector 3l 'Ent which is the same as the distributor 3l and is arranged parallel to it speaking, the wall pipes 3 'open at the bottom in a distributor 32 and at the top in a collector 32', the distributor 32 and the collector 32 'also being octagonal and of identical design and arranged parallel to one another.
  • the collectors 3l ', 32' are at the same height, whereas the outer distributor 32 is arranged lower than the inner distributor 3l.
  • the heat exchanger surfaces 1 and 2 are tightly welded to the associated distributor 3l or 32 and the associated collector 3l 'or 32'.
  • the distributors 3l, 32 are connected to at least one water source, not shown, and the collectors 3l ', 32' to at least one steam consumer, not shown.
  • Hot synthesis gas which flows in the direction of arrow 20 from top to bottom through the inner prism, then flows around its distributor 3l (arrows 20 ') and then rises between the inner prism and the outer prism.
  • the synthesis gas gives off heat to the water in the wall pipes 3 and 3 ', steam being generated.
  • the heat exchanger surfaces 1 and 2 are accommodated with their distributors 3l or 32 and collectors 3l 'or 32' in a common pressure vessel l0 in which the pressure is largely the same.
  • a sootblower tube 4 is provided, which can be fed with the aid of a control valve 8 with a compressed gas acting as a sootblowing medium from at least one compressed gas source, not shown.
  • a protective tube 6 is arranged in front of each soot blowing tube 4 and parallel to it, which ends at the bottom in the distributor 3l and at the top in the collector 3l '.
  • the protective tubes have the same diameter as the wall tubes 3 and are made of the same material as this.
  • sootblast pipes 4 protect the sootblast pipes 4 from excessive temperatures and are similar to thermodynamic conditions as the wall tubes 3 subjected so that the steam content of the water-steam mixture emerging from them is approximately equal to that of the mixture emerging from the wall tubes 3.
  • a plurality of sheet metal pieces l6 connect each protective tube 6 to the two nearest wall tubes 3.
  • nozzles 5 are provided which extend between the protective tube 6 and the wall tubes 3, namely through the gaps between two sheet metal pieces l6.
  • the nozzles of a blowpipe 4 are directed alternately against the next but one side of the inner prism, so that the inner surface of each side of this prism is swept from two sides by compressed gas (FIG. 2).
  • all pipes are accessible from at least one wall side, which is favorable both for assembly and for repairs.
  • each soot blast tube 14 is provided in each octagon side of the outer heat transfer surface 2, four soot blast tubes 14 are provided, each of which takes the place of a web 7 '.
  • Two of the blowpipes l4 are provided in the central region of the side, and the nozzles l5 of the blowpipe l4 located on the left of the center are directed against the outside of the inner prism provided on the right of the center; Accordingly, the nozzles l5 of the blowpipes 14 located on the right of the center are directed towards the outside of the inner primsma extending to the left of the center.
  • the two other sootblast tubes 14 on each outer prism side are attached near the edges of this prism. Their nozzles l5 are each directed towards the side of the outer prism adjacent to the associated edge.
  • the function of the soot blower according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is dependent on the degree and distribution of the contamination of the heat exchanger surface and 2 by the synthesis gas.
  • compressed gas is blown onto the surfaces of the two prisms via the sootblower pipes 4 and 14 and the nozzles 5 and 15 and is cleaned in the process.
  • the control valves 8 can be operated both manually and automatically. It has been shown that in most cases it is sufficient to alternately blow compressed gas onto the surfaces for short time intervals; In the period between the blowing intervals, only a small amount of compressed gas is led into the blowing pipes in order to achieve a certain cooling effect and to avoid a possible blockage of the nozzles.
  • a sootblower tube 4 ' has a decreasing diameter in the flow direction of the compressed gas, cylindrical alternating with obliquely tapered sections, so that on the side of the blower tube 4' facing the protective tube there is a circumferential surface which runs smoothly from top to bottom .
  • the sootblower pipe 4 ' is welded tightly instead of a web between two wall pipes 3.
  • the decrease in diameter has the following reasons:
  • Each nozzle 5 causes a decrease in the amount of compressed gas inside the sootblower tube 4 'and thus a certain pressure drop. With an increasing number of nozzles 5, the pressure drops add up relatively quickly. By reducing the cross-section of the sootblower tube 4 ', the pressure loss is compensated, the gradation being optimized so that the costs and the pressure curve remain within reasonable limits.
  • sootblower tube 4 Due to the smooth surface of the sootblower tube 4 'on one side, it is possible over the entire length of the tube to use the same nozzles 5. It is also possible to have the diameter of the blowpipes continuously reduced so that the whole pipe forms an oblique cone.
  • the nozzle 5 according to FIG. 6 has the advantage that a large number of them are undrilled on the soot blowing tube 4 or 4 'during assembly, i.e. can still be attached without outlet bore 50 and only after commissioning - when the actual cleaning needs have been determined - only the really necessary nozzles 5 can be made ready for operation simply by producing the bore 50.
  • a nozzle 5 'with a larger diameter is provided, which forms a more acute angle with the plane in which the webs 7 extend than the nozzle 5 in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • the nozzle 5 ' is connected to the soot blowing tube 4' via a curved connecting pipe l3.
  • control valve 8 For the sake of simplicity, only one control valve 8 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, although such a valve is provided for each soot blowing tube 4, 14. However, it may be more expedient to control the amount of pressurized gas for all soot pipes 4 and all soot pipes 14 simultaneously using a single valve. Operational reliability can be increased if several control valves are connected redundantly in series and / or in parallel. It is also possible to use very simple shut-off valves instead of the control valves if the contamination is very high, so that the largest possible amount of soot blowing medium is constantly blown against the heat exchanger surfaces during normal operation.
  • the nozzles 5 and 15 can be directed onto walls other than those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In contrast to FIG. 2, if required, several nozzles can act simultaneously on the same area of a wall from different directions.
  • the sootblast tubes and the protective tubes can also have a cross-section other than circular, e.g. elliptical cross section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Der Russbläser ist für eine Wärmeübertragerfläche (l) bestimmt, die aus parallelen, miteinander zu einer Wand verschweissten, ein Kühlmedium führenden Rohren (3) besteht. In der Wand ist mindestens ein mit einem Russblasemedium beschickbares Russblaserohr (4) vorgesehen, das mindestens eine Düse (5) für den Austritt des Russblasemediums aufweist. Auf der dem Wärmeeinfall ausgesetzten Seite der Wand ist vor dem Russblaserohr (4) und parallel zu diesem mindestens ein mit der Wärmeübertragerfläche (l) verbundenes Schutzrohr (6) angeordnet, das von gleichem Kühlmedium wie die Wärmeübertragerfläche durchströmt ist. Die Düse (5) erstreckt sich zwischen dem Schutzrohr (6) und der Wand.The soot blower is intended for a heat exchanger surface (l) which consists of parallel tubes (3) carrying a cooling medium and welded together to form a wall. Provided in the wall is at least one soot blowing tube (4) which can be filled with a soot blowing medium and which has at least one nozzle (5) for the exit of the soot blowing medium. On the side of the wall exposed to the heat, at least one protective tube (6) connected to the heat exchanger surface (1) and through which the same cooling medium as the heat exchanger surface flows is arranged in front of and parallel to the soot blowing tube (4). The nozzle (5) extends between the protective tube (6) and the wall.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Russbläser für eine Wärme­übertragerfläche, die aus parallelen, miteinander zu einer Wand verschweissten, ein Kühlmedium führenden Rohren besteht, wobei in der Wand mindestens ein mit einem Russblasemedium beschickbares Russblaserohr vor­gesehen ist, das mindestens eine Düse für den Austritt des Russblasemedium aufweist.The invention relates to a soot blower for a heat exchanger surface, which consists of parallel tubes which carry a cooling medium and are welded together to form a wall, at least one soot blowing tube which can be filled with a soot blowing medium and which has at least one nozzle for the exit of the soot blowing medium is provided in the wall.

Ein solcher Russbläser ist aus der CH-PS 648 397 be­kannt. Bei diesem Russbläser ist das Russblaserohr mit Abstand von einem Rohr der Wärmeübertragerfläche koaxial umgeben, so dass Kühlmedium im Raum zwischen den beiden Rohren strömt und das Russblaserohr gegen zu hohe Temperaturen schützt. Diese an sich gute Lösung weist jedoch den Nachteil auf, dass die Austrittstemperatur des Kühlmediums aus dem Doppelrohr von der Temperatur des Russblasemediums beeinflusst wird und daher von der Austrittstemperatur des aus den übrigen Rohren der Wärmeübertragerfläche austretenden Kühlmediums abweicht.Such a sootblower is known from CH-PS 648 397. In this sootblower, the sootblower tube is coaxially surrounded by a tube of the heat exchanger surface so that cooling medium flows in the space between the two tubes and protects the sootblower tube against excessive temperatures. However, this solution, which is good in itself, has the disadvantage that the outlet temperature of the cooling medium from the double tube is influenced by the temperature of the soot blowing medium and therefore deviates from the outlet temperature of the cooling medium emerging from the other tubes of the heat exchanger surface.

Unter Umständen ist ein relativ grosser Aufwand nötig, um einen Temperaturausgleich herbeizuführen.Under certain circumstances, a relatively large effort is required to bring about temperature compensation.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, den Russbläser der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung so zu verbessern, dass er bei gleich gutem Schutz des Russblaserohres gegen hohe Temperaturen einen geringeren oder überhaupt keinen Ein­fluss auf die Austrittstemperatur des Kühlmediums der Wärmeübertragerfläche ausübt.It is an object of the invention to improve the soot blower of the type described in the introduction in such a way that, with the same protection of the sootblower tube against high temperatures, it exerts little or no influence on the outlet temperature of the cooling medium of the heat transfer surface.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass auf der dem Wärmeeinfall ausgesetzten Seite der Wand vor dem Russblaserohr und parallel zu diesem mindestens ein mit der Wärmeübertragerfläche verbundenes Schutzrohr an­geordnet ist, das von gleichem Kühlmedium wie die Wärme­übertragerfläche durchströmt ist, und dass die Düse sich zwischen dem Schutzrohr und der Wand erstreckt. Das vor dem Russblaserohr angeordnete Schutzrohr ist praktisch den gleichen thermodynamischen Bedingungen wie die übrigen Rohre der Wärmeübertragerfläche ausgesetzt, so dass die Austrittstemperatur des Kühlmediums aus dem Schutzrohr und die aus den übrigen Rohren der Wärmeüber­tragerfläche im wesentlichen gleich sind. Darüberhinaus weist der Russbläser eine gute Zugänglichkeit des Russ­blaserohres bei der Montage und bei etwaigen Reparaturen auf, wobei - je nach Bedarf - eine Aenderung der Düsen oder ihrer Anzahl auf einfache Weise möglich ist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that at least one protective tube connected to the heat exchanger surface is arranged on the side of the wall exposed to the heat and in front of the sootblower tube, through which the same cooling medium flows as the heat exchanger surface, and that the nozzle is located between the Protective tube and the wall extends. The protective tube arranged in front of the sootblast tube is exposed to practically the same thermodynamic conditions as the other tubes of the heat exchanger surface, so that the outlet temperature of the cooling medium from the protective tube and that from the other tubes of the heat exchanger surface are essentially the same. In addition, the sootblower has good accessibility to the sootblower tube during assembly and for any repairs, and - depending on the need - the nozzles or their number can be changed in a simple manner.

Einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden in der folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnung näher er­läutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. l einen Querschnitt durch einen Synthesegas­kühler, der einen Russbläser nach der Er­findung aufweist,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt gemäss der Linie II-II in Fig. l,
  • Fig. 3 einen Ausschnitt einer Wärmeübertragerfläche nach Fig. l, jedoch mit einer anderen Aus­führungsform des Russblaserohres,
  • Fig. 4 einen gleichen Ausschnitt wie in Fig. 3, jedoch an einer tiefer gelegenen Stelle der Wärmeübertragerfläche,
  • Fig. 5 einen Längsschnitt durch einen Teil des Russblaserohres in Fig. 3 und 4,
  • Fig. 6 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Düse eines Russblaserohres und
  • Fig. 7 einen Ausschnitt einer Wärmeübertragerfläche mit einer abgewandelten Düsenanordnung.
Some embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section through a synthesis gas cooler which has a soot blower according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section of a heat exchanger surface according to FIG. 1, but with another embodiment of the sootblower tube,
  • 4 shows a section of the same as in FIG. 3, but at a lower point of the heat exchanger surface,
  • 5 shows a longitudinal section through part of the sootblower tube in FIGS. 3 and 4,
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through a nozzle of a sootblower tube and
  • Fig. 7 shows a detail of a heat exchanger surface with a modified nozzle arrangement.

Gemäss Fig. l und 2 bilden in einem Synthesegaskühler mehrere vertikale gerade, miteinander über Stege 7 gas­dicht verschweisste, wasserführende Wandrohre 3 eine erste vertikale Wärmeübertragerfläche l, die die Form eines achtseitigen, regulären Prismas aufweist. Eine zweite Wärmeübertragerfläche 2, die ebenfalls die Form eines achtseitigen regulären Prismas 2 aufweist, be­steht aus mehreren vertikalen, miteinander verschweissten Wandrohren 3' und Stegen 7'. Sie umgibt das Prisma der Wärmeübertragungsfläche l koaxial und ist um 22,5° ge­gegenüber dem inneren Prisma verdreht angeordnet. An ihren in Fig. 2 unteren Enden münden die Wandrohre 3 in einen achteckigen horizontalen Verteiler 3l und an ihren oberen Enden in einen dem Verteiler 3l gleichen und zu diesem parallel angeordneten Sammler 3l' Ent­ sprechend münden die Wandrohre 3' unten in einem Ver­teiler 32 und oben in einem Sammler 32', wobei der Ver­teiler 32 und der Sammler 32' ebenfalls achteckig und einander gleich ausgebildet und zueinander parallel angeordnet sind. Die Sammler 3l', 32' liegen auf gleicher Höhe, wogegen der äussere Verteiler 32 tiefer als der innere Verteiler 3l angeordnet ist. Die Wärmeüber­tragerflächen l und 2 sind mit dem zugehörigen Verteiler 3l bzw. 32 und dem zugehörigen Sammler 3l' bzw. 32' dicht verschweisst. Die Verteiler 3l, 32 sind an mindestens einer nicht gezeigten Wasserquelle und die Sammler 3l', 32' an mindestens einem nicht gezeigten Dampfverbraucher angeschlossen. Heisses Synthesegas, das in Richtung des Pfeiles 20 von oben nach unten durch das innere Prisma strömt, umströmt danach dessen Verteiler 3l (Pfeile 20') und steigt dann zwischen dem inneren Prisma und dem äusseren Prisma. Dabei gibt das Synthesegas Wärme an das Wasser in den Wandrohren 3 und 3' ab, wobei Dampf er­zeugt wird. Die Wärmeübertragerflächen l und 2 sind mit ihren Verteilern 3l bzw. 32 und Sammler 3l' bzw. 32' in einem gemeinsamen Druckbehälter l0 untergebracht, in dem weitgehend gleicher Druck herrscht.According to FIGS. 1 and 2, in a synthesis gas cooler, a plurality of vertical, water-carrying wall tubes 3, welded to one another in a gas-tight manner via webs 7, form a first vertical heat exchanger surface 1, which has the shape of an octagonal, regular prism. A second heat exchanger surface 2, which also has the shape of an eight-sided regular prism 2, consists of a plurality of vertical wall tubes 3 ′ and webs 7 ′ welded to one another. It surrounds the prism of the heat transfer surface 1 coaxially and is rotated by 22.5 ° with respect to the inner prism. At their lower ends in FIG. 2, the wall pipes 3 open into an octagonal horizontal distributor 3l and at their upper ends into a collector 3l 'Ent which is the same as the distributor 3l and is arranged parallel to it speaking, the wall pipes 3 'open at the bottom in a distributor 32 and at the top in a collector 32', the distributor 32 and the collector 32 'also being octagonal and of identical design and arranged parallel to one another. The collectors 3l ', 32' are at the same height, whereas the outer distributor 32 is arranged lower than the inner distributor 3l. The heat exchanger surfaces 1 and 2 are tightly welded to the associated distributor 3l or 32 and the associated collector 3l 'or 32'. The distributors 3l, 32 are connected to at least one water source, not shown, and the collectors 3l ', 32' to at least one steam consumer, not shown. Hot synthesis gas, which flows in the direction of arrow 20 from top to bottom through the inner prism, then flows around its distributor 3l (arrows 20 ') and then rises between the inner prism and the outer prism. The synthesis gas gives off heat to the water in the wall pipes 3 and 3 ', steam being generated. The heat exchanger surfaces 1 and 2 are accommodated with their distributors 3l or 32 and collectors 3l 'or 32' in a common pressure vessel l0 in which the pressure is largely the same.

In der Mitte jeder Seite des inneren Prismas ist ein Russblaserohr 4 vorgesehen, das mit Hilfe eines Steuer­ventils 8 mit einem als Russblasemedium wirkenden Druck­gas aus mindestens einer nicht gezeigten Druckgasquelle beschickbar ist. Innerhalb des inneren Prismas ist vor jedem Russblaserohr 4 und parallel zu diesem ein Schutz­rohr 6 angeordnet, das unten in den Verteiler 3l und oben in den Sammler 3l' mündet. Die Schutzrohre haben den gleichen Durchmesser wie die Wandrohre 3 und beste­hen aus dem gleichen Werkstoff wie diese. Sie schützen die Russblaserohre 4 vor zu hohen Temperaturen und sind ähnlichen thermodynamischen Bedingungen wie die Wand­ rohre 3 unterworfen, so dass der Dampfgehalt des aus ihnen austretenden Wasser-Dampf-Gemisches etwa gleich demjenigen des aus den Wandrohren 3 austretenden Ge­misches ist. Mehrere Blechstücke l6 verbinden jedes Schutzrohr 6 mit den beiden nächstliegenden Wandrohren 3. Entlang den Russblaserohren 4 verteilt, sind Düsen 5 vorgesehen, die sich zwischen dem Schutzrohr 6 und den Wandrohren 3 erstrecken, und zwar durch die Lücken zwischen zwei Blechstücken l6. Die Düsen eines Blase­rohres 4 sind abwechselnd gegen die jeweils übernächste Seite des inneren Prismas gerichtet, so dass die Innen­fläche einer jeden Seite dieses Prismas von zwei Seiten her von Druckgas bestrichen wird (Fig. 2).In the middle of each side of the inner prism, a sootblower tube 4 is provided, which can be fed with the aid of a control valve 8 with a compressed gas acting as a sootblowing medium from at least one compressed gas source, not shown. Within the inner prism, a protective tube 6 is arranged in front of each soot blowing tube 4 and parallel to it, which ends at the bottom in the distributor 3l and at the top in the collector 3l '. The protective tubes have the same diameter as the wall tubes 3 and are made of the same material as this. They protect the sootblast pipes 4 from excessive temperatures and are similar to thermodynamic conditions as the wall tubes 3 subjected so that the steam content of the water-steam mixture emerging from them is approximately equal to that of the mixture emerging from the wall tubes 3. A plurality of sheet metal pieces l6 connect each protective tube 6 to the two nearest wall tubes 3. Distributed along the sootblower tubes 4, nozzles 5 are provided which extend between the protective tube 6 and the wall tubes 3, namely through the gaps between two sheet metal pieces l6. The nozzles of a blowpipe 4 are directed alternately against the next but one side of the inner prism, so that the inner surface of each side of this prism is swept from two sides by compressed gas (FIG. 2).

Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind samtliche Rohre von jeweils mindestens einer Wandseite her zugänglich, was sowohl für die Montage wie auch für Reparaturen günstig ist.In this embodiment, all pipes are accessible from at least one wall side, which is favorable both for assembly and for repairs.

In jeder Achteck-Seite der äusseren Wärmeübertragerfläche 2 sind vier Russblaserohre l4 vorgesehen, die jeweils die Stelle eines Steges 7' einnehmen. Zwei der Blasrohre l4 sind im mittleren Bereich der Seite vorgesehen, und die Düsen l5 des jeweils links der Mitte liegenden Blase­rohres l4 sind gegen die rechts von der Mitte vorge­sehene Aussenseite des inneren Prismas gerichtet; ent­sprechend sind die Düsen l5 der jeweils rechts der Mitte befindlichen Blaserohre l4 gegen die links von der Mitte sich erstreckende Aussenseite des inneren Primsmas gerichtet. Die beiden übrigen Russblaserohre l4 jeder äusseren Prismenseite sind nahe den Kanten dieses Prismas angebracht. Ihre Düsen l5 sind jeweils auf die der zugehörigen Kante benachbarte Seite des äusseren Prismas gerichtet. Auf diese Weise wird die äussere Oberfläche jeder Seite des inneren Prismas und die innere Oberfläche jeder Seite des äusseren Prismas aus zwei Richtungen mit Druckgas bestrichen. Das zwischen den beiden Prismen aufwärtsströmende Synthesegas wurde beim Abwärtsströmen im inneren Prisma bereits soweit abge­kühlt, dass die Russblaserohre l4 des äusseren Prismas nicht gegen zu hohe Temperaturen geschützt werden müssen und sich ein Anordnen von Schutzrohren vor ihnen er­übrigt.In each octagon side of the outer heat transfer surface 2, four soot blast tubes 14 are provided, each of which takes the place of a web 7 '. Two of the blowpipes l4 are provided in the central region of the side, and the nozzles l5 of the blowpipe l4 located on the left of the center are directed against the outside of the inner prism provided on the right of the center; Accordingly, the nozzles l5 of the blowpipes 14 located on the right of the center are directed towards the outside of the inner primsma extending to the left of the center. The two other sootblast tubes 14 on each outer prism side are attached near the edges of this prism. Their nozzles l5 are each directed towards the side of the outer prism adjacent to the associated edge. This way the outer surface of each side of the inner prism and the Paint the inner surface of each side of the outer prism from two directions with compressed gas. The synthesis gas flowing upwards between the two prisms was already cooled down so far in the downward flow in the inner prism that the sootblue tubes 14 of the outer prism need not be protected against excessive temperatures and there is no need to arrange protective tubes in front of them.

Die Funktion des Russbläsers nach Fig. l und 2 ist vom Grad und von der Verteilung der Verschmutzung der Wärme­übertragerfläche und 2 durch das Synthesegas abhängig. Durch Oeffnen der Steuerventile 8 wird Druckgas über die Russblaserohre 4 und l4 sowie die Düsen 5 und l5 auf die Oberflächen der beiden Prismen geblasen und diese dabei gereinigt. Die Steuerventile 8 können sowohl von Hand wie auch automatisch betätigt werden. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass es in den meisten Fällen genügt, Druckgas abwechselnd für jeweils kurze Zeitintervalle auf die Oberflächen zu blasen; in der Zeit zwischen den Blas­intervallen wird eine nur kleine Menge Druckgas in die Blaserohre geleitet, um eine gewisse Kühlwirkung zu erreichen und eine eventuelle Verstopfung der Düsen zu vermeiden. Es ist in der Praxis schwierig, im voraus die Verteilung der Schmutzablagerung auf den Wärme­übertragerflächen zu bestimmen, da diese Verteilung von verschiedenen Parametern abhängt, wie beispielsweise Temperaturverteilung und Strömungsbild des Synthese­gases. Wegen der erfindungsgemäss erreichten Zugänglich­keit ist es nun auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise möglich, nach Inbetriebnahme des Russbläsers die Anzahl, die Verteilung, die Richtung und die Art der Düsen 5 und l5 zu ändern, um eventuell nachträglich festgestell­ten Reinigungsbedürfnissen zu entsprechen. Es ist sogar möglich, erst nach dem an Ort und Stelle beobachteten Grad und der Verteilung der Verschmutzung die Düsen 5 und l5 einzubauen.The function of the soot blower according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is dependent on the degree and distribution of the contamination of the heat exchanger surface and 2 by the synthesis gas. By opening the control valves 8, compressed gas is blown onto the surfaces of the two prisms via the sootblower pipes 4 and 14 and the nozzles 5 and 15 and is cleaned in the process. The control valves 8 can be operated both manually and automatically. It has been shown that in most cases it is sufficient to alternately blow compressed gas onto the surfaces for short time intervals; In the period between the blowing intervals, only a small amount of compressed gas is led into the blowing pipes in order to achieve a certain cooling effect and to avoid a possible blockage of the nozzles. In practice it is difficult to determine in advance the distribution of the dirt deposits on the heat exchanger surfaces, since this distribution depends on various parameters, such as temperature distribution and flow pattern of the synthesis gas. Because of the accessibility achieved according to the invention, it is now possible in a simple and cost-effective manner to change the number, distribution, direction and type of nozzles 5 and 15 after the soot blower has been started up, in order to meet any cleaning needs which may have been determined subsequently. It is even possible only after what has been observed on the spot Degree and the distribution of pollution to install the nozzles 5 and l5.

Gemäss Fig. 3, 4 und 5 weist ein Russblaserohr 4' in Strömungsrichtung des Druckgases abnehmenden Durchmesser auf, wobei zylindrische mit schiefkegeligen Abschnitten abwechseln, so dass sich auf der dem Schutzrohr zuge­wendeten Seite des Blaserohres 4' eine von oben bis unten glatt durchlaufende Mantelfläche ergibt. Das Russblaserohr 4' wird anstelle eines Steges zwischen zwei Wandrohre 3 dicht eingeschweisst. Die Durchmesser­abnahme hat folgende Gründe:3, 4 and 5, a sootblower tube 4 'has a decreasing diameter in the flow direction of the compressed gas, cylindrical alternating with obliquely tapered sections, so that on the side of the blower tube 4' facing the protective tube there is a circumferential surface which runs smoothly from top to bottom . The sootblower pipe 4 'is welded tightly instead of a web between two wall pipes 3. The decrease in diameter has the following reasons:

- Jede Düse 5 bedingt eine Abnahme der Druckgasmenge innerhalb des Russblaserohres 4' und damit einen be­stimmten Druckabfall. Mit zunehmender Anzahl von Düsen 5 summieren sich die Druckabfälle relativ rasch. Durch das Verringern des Querschnittes des Russ­blaserohres 4' wird der Druckverlust kompensiert, wobei die Abstufung so optimiert wird, dass die Kosten und der Druckverlauf innerhalb vernünftiger Grenzen bleiben.- Each nozzle 5 causes a decrease in the amount of compressed gas inside the sootblower tube 4 'and thus a certain pressure drop. With an increasing number of nozzles 5, the pressure drops add up relatively quickly. By reducing the cross-section of the sootblower tube 4 ', the pressure loss is compensated, the gradation being optimized so that the costs and the pressure curve remain within reasonable limits.

- Beim Abkühlen des Synthesegases werden die Konden­sations- und Solidifikationstemperaturen der in ihm enthaltenden Verschmutzungsprodukte unterschritten, so dass von diesem Punkt an die Verschmutzung der Wärmeübertragerfläche merklich grösser wird. Es ist daher zweckmässig, im unteren Bereich des inneren Prismas eine grössere Anzahl Düsen 5 vorzusehen als im oberen Bereich, so dass der Druckgasbedarf von oben nach unten zunimmt.- When the synthesis gas cools down, the condensation and solidification temperatures of the pollution products contained in it fall below, so that from this point the pollution of the heat exchanger surface becomes noticeably greater. It is therefore expedient to provide a larger number of nozzles 5 in the lower region of the inner prism than in the upper region, so that the pressure gas requirement increases from top to bottom.

Durch die auf einer Seite glatte Mantelfläche des Russblaserohres 4' ist es möglich, über die ganze Länge des Rohres gleiche Düsen 5 zu verwenden. Es ist auch möglich, die Blaserohre im Durchmesser kontinu­ierlich abnehmen zu lassen, so dass das ganze Rohr einen schiefen Kegel bildet.Due to the smooth surface of the sootblower tube 4 'on one side, it is possible over the entire length of the tube to use the same nozzles 5. It is also possible to have the diameter of the blowpipes continuously reduced so that the whole pipe forms an oblique cone.

Die Düse 5 nach Fig. 6 hat den Vorteil, dass bei der Montage eine grosse Anzahl von ihnen am Russblaserohr 4 bzw. 4' ungebohrt, d.h. noch ohne Austrittsbohrung 50, befestigt werden kann und erst nach der Inbetriebnahme - wenn die tatsächlichen Reinigungsbedürfnisse festge­stellt worden sind - nur die wirklich notwendigen Düsen 5 durch einfaches Herstellen der Bohrung 50 betriebs­bereit gemacht werden.The nozzle 5 according to FIG. 6 has the advantage that a large number of them are undrilled on the soot blowing tube 4 or 4 'during assembly, i.e. can still be attached without outlet bore 50 and only after commissioning - when the actual cleaning needs have been determined - only the really necessary nozzles 5 can be made ready for operation simply by producing the bore 50.

Gemäss Fig. 7 ist - abweichend von den bisher beschrie­benen Düsen 5 - eine Düse 5' mit grösserem Durchmesser vorgesehen, die mit der Ebene, in der sich die Stege 7 erstrecken, einen spitzeren Winkel als die Düse 5 in Fig. 3 und 4 bildet. Die Düse 5' ist über ein gekrümmtes Verbindungsrohr l3 am Russblaserohr 4' angeschlossen.7, in contrast to the previously described nozzles 5, a nozzle 5 'with a larger diameter is provided, which forms a more acute angle with the plane in which the webs 7 extend than the nozzle 5 in FIGS. 3 and 4 . The nozzle 5 'is connected to the soot blowing tube 4' via a curved connecting pipe l3.

Einfachheitshalber sind in Fig. l und 2 nur je ein Steuerventil 8 gezeigt, obwohl für jedes Russblaserohr 4, l4 ein solches Ventil vorgesehen ist. Es kann jedoch zweckmässiger sein, die Druckgasmenge für alle Russ­blaserohre 4 und alle Russblaserohre l4 gleichzeitig mittels eines einzigen Ventils zu steuern. Die Betriebs­sicherheit kann gesteigert werden, wenn mehrere Steuer­ventile in Serie und/oder parallel geschaltet redundant vorgesehen werden. Es ist auch möglich, bei sehr hoher Verschmutzung anstelle der Steuerventile ganz einfache Absperrventile zu verwenden, so dass im Normalbetrieb die grösstmögliche Menge an Russblasemedium ständig gegen die Wärmeübertragerflächen geblasen wird.For the sake of simplicity, only one control valve 8 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, although such a valve is provided for each soot blowing tube 4, 14. However, it may be more expedient to control the amount of pressurized gas for all soot pipes 4 and all soot pipes 14 simultaneously using a single valve. Operational reliability can be increased if several control valves are connected redundantly in series and / or in parallel. It is also possible to use very simple shut-off valves instead of the control valves if the contamination is very high, so that the largest possible amount of soot blowing medium is constantly blown against the heat exchanger surfaces during normal operation.

Je nach Anwendungsfall können die Düsen 5 und l5 auf andere Wände gerichtet werden, als in Fig. l und 2 ge­zeigt. Im Gegensatz zur Fig. 2 können bei Bedarf mehrere Düsen auf den gleichen Bereich einer Wand, aus verschiedenen Richtungen simultan einwirken.Depending on the application, the nozzles 5 and 15 can be directed onto walls other than those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In contrast to FIG. 2, if required, several nozzles can act simultaneously on the same area of a wall from different directions.

Die Russblaserohre und die Schutzrohre können auch einen anderen als kreisrunden Querschnitt aufweisen, z.B. elliptischen Querschnitt.The sootblast tubes and the protective tubes can also have a cross-section other than circular, e.g. elliptical cross section.

Claims (6)

1. Russbläser für eine Wärmeübertragerfläche, die aus parallelen, miteinander zu einer Wand verschweissten, ein Kühlmedium führenden Rohren besteht, wobei in der Wand mindestens ein mit einem Russblasemedium be­schickbares Russblaserohr vorgesehen ist, das min­destens eine Düse für den Austritt des Russblase­mediums aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der dem Wärmeeinfall ausgesetzten Seite der Wand vor dem Russblaserohr und parallel zu diesem mindestens ein mit der Wärmeübertragerfläche verbun­denes Schutzrohr angeordnet ist, das von gleichem Kühlmedium wie die Wärmeübertragerfläche durchströmt ist, und dass die Düse sich zwischen dem Schutzrohr und der Wand erstreckt.1. soot blower for a heat exchanger surface, which consists of parallel tubes welded to one another and carrying a cooling medium, wherein in the wall at least one soot blowing tube can be supplied with a soot blowing medium and has at least one nozzle for the outlet of the soot blowing medium, characterized in that that at least one protective tube connected to the heat exchanger surface, through which the same cooling medium as the heat exchanger surface flows, and that the nozzle extends between the protective tube and the wall. 2. Russbläser nach Anspruch l, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wand der Wärmeübertragerfläche ein vertika­les, mehrseitiges, vorzugsweise reguläres, Prisma bildet, das in der Mitte jeder Seite ein Russblase­rohr aufweist, und dass die Düsen eines jeden Russ­blaserohres so gegen das Innere des Prismas gerichtet sind, dass die Strahlen des Russblasemediums jeweils eine der zugehörigen Seite benachbarte Seite des Prismas bestreichen.2. sootblower according to claim l, characterized in that the wall of the heat exchanger surface forms a vertical, multi-sided, preferably regular, prism having a sootblower tube in the middle of each side, and that the nozzles of each sootblower tube are thus directed against the interior of the prism are that the rays of the sootblowing medium each sweep a side of the prism adjacent to the associated side. 3. Russbläser nach Anspruch l oder 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, dass das Schutzrohr und die Rohre der Wärmeübertragerfläche an gemeinsame Kollektoren an­geschlossen sind.3. soot blower according to claim l or 2, characterized in that the protective tube and the tubes of the heat exchanger surface are connected to common collectors. 4. Russbläser nach einem der Ansprüche l bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Russblaserohr in Strömungs­richtung des Russblasemediums kontinuierlich oder stufenweise abnehmenden Durchmesser aufweist.4. sootblower according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sootblower tube has a continuously or gradually decreasing diameter in the flow direction of the sootblowing medium. 5. Russbläser nach Anspruch 4, mit stufenweiser Durch­messerabnahme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Durchmesserabnahme derart ist, dass sich auf der dem Wärmeeinfall zugewendeten Seite des Russblaserohres eine geradlinige Mantelfläche ergibt.5. soot blower according to claim 4, with gradual decrease in diameter, characterized in that the decrease in diameter is such that there is a rectilinear lateral surface on the side of the sootblower tube facing the heat. 6. Russbläser nach einem der Ansprüche l bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Drosselmittel vorhanden sind, die die Menge des durch das Russblaserohr strömenden Russblasemediums steuern.6. soot blower according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that throttling means are present which control the amount of soot blowing medium flowing through the soot blowing tube.
EP86110284A 1985-09-03 1986-07-25 Soot blower Expired - Lifetime EP0213380B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3779/85A CH667521A5 (en) 1985-09-03 1985-09-03 SUSSBLAESER.
CH3779/85 1985-09-03

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EP0213380A2 true EP0213380A2 (en) 1987-03-11
EP0213380A3 EP0213380A3 (en) 1988-09-21
EP0213380B1 EP0213380B1 (en) 1990-03-21

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EP86110284A Expired - Lifetime EP0213380B1 (en) 1985-09-03 1986-07-25 Soot blower

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US (1) US4765394A (en)
EP (1) EP0213380B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0776603B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1008660B (en)
CH (1) CH667521A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3669772D1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA864669B (en)

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EP0763702A1 (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-19 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte Aktiengesellschaft Tubewall orifice for soot blower
WO2010023306A2 (en) * 2008-09-01 2010-03-04 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Self cleaning arrangement

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US20050125932A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Kendrick Donald W. Detonative cleaning apparatus nozzle
US7047908B2 (en) * 2003-12-11 2006-05-23 United Technologies Corporation Cooling flange
JP2005172417A (en) * 2003-11-20 2005-06-30 United Technol Corp <Utc> Gas guiding device and operation method of internal face cleaning apparatus
US8684070B2 (en) * 2006-08-15 2014-04-01 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Compact radial platen arrangement for radiant syngas cooler
US8381690B2 (en) * 2007-12-17 2013-02-26 International Paper Company Controlling cooling flow in a sootblower based on lance tube temperature
US8287986B2 (en) * 2008-05-27 2012-10-16 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Ultra premium bath tissue
DE102011110926A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Clyde Bergemann Gmbh Maschinen- Und Apparatebau Cleaning device for a convection section of a thermal power plant
US9494371B2 (en) * 2011-12-28 2016-11-15 Liebert Corporation Pumped refrigerant cooling system with 1+1 to N+1 and built-in redundancy
US9706685B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2017-07-11 Liebert Corporation Cooling system for high density heat loads
CN104995379B (en) * 2013-01-31 2017-10-20 天纳克汽车经营有限公司 Multi-blade type soot blower
CN105865228B (en) * 2016-04-06 2018-01-16 西安交通大学 It is a kind of for flue gas waste heat recovery from cleaning heat exchanger and using the heat exchanger from ash removal method

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WO2010023306A2 (en) * 2008-09-01 2010-03-04 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Self cleaning arrangement
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1008660B (en) 1990-07-04
EP0213380B1 (en) 1990-03-21
EP0213380A3 (en) 1988-09-21
JPS6256794A (en) 1987-03-12
JPH0776603B2 (en) 1995-08-16
CH667521A5 (en) 1988-10-14
CN86105365A (en) 1987-03-04
DE3669772D1 (en) 1990-04-26
US4765394A (en) 1988-08-23
ZA864669B (en) 1987-02-25

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