EP0213256A2 - Burnishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

In the small series production of crankshafts (5) in particular, pendulum-hung rolling devices are used, which have to be manually guided over the bearings (3, 4) to be rolled and placed there. Here, two devices arranged side by side are often used. Since in the small series production of workpieces such as crankshafts different crankshaft types with at least different strokes are to be machined, an automatic installation of the rolling devices with the rolling tools on the workpiece is made more difficult. It is therefore used in a device for deep rolling or smooth rolling with at least one movable rolling device (1, 1 '), at least containing a tool carrier with at least one rolling element and a tool carrier with at least one supporting element and with at least one further rolling device (50), whereby The rolling devices are carried by a stand (42) arranged on a carriage (73). It is proposed that movable rolling devices (1, 1 ') are arranged in a radial plane of a crankshaft (5) relative to the other rolling devices (50). The device is not limited to crankshafts as workpieces, but can be used with all workpieces with surfaces to be machined that are eccentrically arranged (3, 4).

Description

The invention relates to a device for deep rolling or smooth rolling with at least one movable rolling device, at least comprising a tool carrier with at least one rolling element and a tool carrier with at least one supporting element and with at least one further rolling device, the rolling devices being carried by a stand arranged on a slide will.

Facilities of the type described above are known and have proven themselves in practice. They can be constructed so that they can be placed on the bed slides of a lathe or a lathe-like machine as so-called attachment devices. The lathe can then hold, clamp and drive a workpiece to be rolled, preferably a cubic shaft to be rolled, on the one hand in a chuck and on the other hand in the center tip of the quill. The required rolling device is then manually applied with its tools to the bearing point to be rolled and the necessary rolling pressure is applied and the lathe is driven. A rolling device for connecting rod bearing journals to be rolled is carried along by the connecting rod bearing because of its oscillating suspension. In the rest position, it is kept in balance by spring elements.

The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a device of the type described at the outset with which it is possible for the rolling devices with the rolling tools at least to different crankshaft types, at least with regard to the crank adjust shaft stroke.

This object is achieved in a device of the type described in the introduction in that movable rolling devices are arranged such that they can be shifted in position in a radial plane of a crankshaft relative to the other rolling devices. Such an arrangement of the rolling devices enables adaptation to different stroke sizes of the bearing times of a crankshaft by changing the position of the movable rolling devices in said radial plane. This makes it possible for the first time to adjust the stroke of such attachment devices which have at least two rolling devices.

According to an embodiment of the invention, it is provided that each movable rolling device is arranged in the associated radial plane in at least two independent coordinate directions in a linearly variable position. This enables a simple construction for carrying out a desired change in position.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that at least one rolling device is arranged to be movable in a coordinate direction perpendicular to the radial plane mentioned. This enables problem-free adaptation to different distances between the surfaces to be machined in the axial direction.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that at least the movable rolling devices in a radial plane of a crankshaft can be changed in position independently of the movement of the movable carriage are arranged. This further simplifies the construction and, at the same time, it is possible to bring the rolling devices into and out of engagement without changing the relative position of the rolling devices.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that a vertically movable and adjustable support element is provided, which carries the rolling devices. The structure described allows the rolling devices to be adjusted in the vertical direction, the rolling devices maintaining their relative position to one another at least in the vertical direction. This enables adaptation to different pin diameters of the workpiece.

In addition, it is also provided according to the invention that a slide or a slide-like element is provided for performing the change in position, at least for the movable rolling devices. Sled constructions are particularly well-proven for carrying out linear changes in position and are safely mastered in production and maintenance.

Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that movable rolling devices are arranged such that they can be changed in position in relation to the other rolling devices in the axial direction of the crankshaft. This in turn simplifies the construction and, on the other hand, it becomes possible to keep the entire device in the axial direction in the same position, while the movable rolling device is used to adapt to different positions of the workpiece surfaces to be machined in the axial direction.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the slide or the slide-like element is arranged on a slide carrier, which in turn is arranged on a support element, the support element being arranged on the stand. Such a structure allows the desired mobility and is easy to manufacture. The constructive structure uses proven construction elements, which on the one hand are safely mastered in production and on the other hand ensure high functional reliability.

Another embodiment of the invention in turn provides that the support element is guided vertically movable and adjustable on the stand. This allows vertical adjustment with simple means.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that each movable rolling device is pivotally suspended about a pivot axis parallel to the axis of a crankshaft to be rolled on a pivot arm, which in turn is pivotally suspended on the device about an axis parallel to said pivot axis. This construction allows a simply designed, oscillating suspension of the rolling devices and enables the retraction of a retracted position without the entire facility having to be moved.

In a supplementary embodiment, it is also provided according to the invention that the stand and the support element are designed as round guides, the support element being guided in the stand in a non-rotatable but movable manner. This is a particularly simple constructive design to achieve the desired flexibility and adjustability.

Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention that the axis parallel to the said pivot axis continues as a circular guide and forms a slide which is slidably guided in a corresponding hole in the other slide. Here too, the use of a circular guide considerably simplifies construction and production.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that for locking the swivel arm in a swivel position on the slide, two fluid cylinders acting counter to the swivel arm are provided, which swivel the swivel arm into the desired position and hold it there. As a result, the desired locking is effected in an elegant and simple manner. Unmanageable mass accelerations in the positioning and subsequent locking of the swivel arm and the corresponding unpleasant repercussions on the entire device are avoided in this way.

Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention that one of the two fluid cylinders determines a first pivot position of a cylinder with its first end position and a second pivot position of the swivel arm with its second end position, the second cylinder with less force than the first at least for fixing the first pivot position Cylinder is operated. This is the simplest way imaginable, two desired position positions retract and fix.

A supplementary embodiment of the invention provides that a pivotally mounted lever is provided on the swivel arm, which lever can be actuated by a fluid cylinder also arranged on the swivel arm, the free end of which can be pressed against the associated rolling device in order to bring it into a specific swivel position. With this simple means, a balancing of the rolling device, for example by means of springs, can be avoided and the rolling device is kept in the correct pivot position for repositioning with simple means and nevertheless reliably. It is important here, however, and it should be pointed out that the pivot point of the deep rolling device lies in front of the pivot axis of the deep rolling device on the swivel arm, so that a clear direction of movement or pivoting direction of the deep rolling device is fixed.

Another embodiment of the invention in turn provides that the entire device is arranged on a bed slide of a machine for receiving and driving a crankshaft and is arranged to be displaceable together with the bed slide on the machine bed. In this way it is also possible, if necessary, to adjust the position of all the rolling devices in the axial direction, for example to successively roll all the bearing points of a multi-stroke crankshaft.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, such a device with at least one movable rolling device, at least containing a work Tool carrier with a rolling element and a tool carrier with a supporting element proposed that at least one further rolling element and / or supporting element is provided on at least one tool carrier, wherein at least one rolling element can be changed in position in at least two positions, of which at least one position is a working position, at least that Rolling element located in the working position and / or at least one associated support element is or can be kinematically connected to a power actuating means. The fact that the respective rolling device is movable and is connected to only one power actuating device ensures that only the rolling force occurs as a transverse force on the workpiece and is canceled out there. Additional lateral forces that could stress the workpiece and that result from the power actuation device are largely avoided. The presence of at least one further rolling element and / or support element, which can change position in the manner described, makes a tool exchange unnecessary in the case of corresponding workpieces, and time is thereby saved in production. At the same time, greater flexibility of the device is achieved because, within a certain frame, the device according to the invention can react to the design of the workpiece with a corresponding change in position of the rolling elements and / or the support elements. It is also possible to use fewer rolling devices in a single device and to move them to the point to be rolled on the workpiece and to make a selection by changing the position of the support elements and / or the rolling elements, so that a at the respective place of work suitable tool is used.

In a supplementary embodiment, it is also provided according to the invention that at least one rolling element and / or support element is arranged on the tool carrier in a variable position. The fact that at least one rolling element and / or support element is arranged in a positionally variable manner on the tool carrier can simplify the construction of the device, at least in certain applications, and this positional variability can at the same time facilitate the introduction of a workpiece into the device. Due to the change in position mentioned, it is not only possible if necessary. to bring different elements to the place of use, but it is also possible to remove corresponding elements from the place of use and return them to the place of use after inserting a workpiece into the machine.

In a constructive embodiment of the invention it is proposed that each rolling element and each support element is an element of a roller head. Roller heads with rolling elements are already known and have proven themselves. The use of such roller heads in a device of the type according to the invention further increases the economy of such a device, e.g. in that the spare parts inventory can be reduced and can essentially be limited to the roller heads. In addition, the use of such roller heads enables a simpler construction of the device.

It is further provided according to the invention that for each rolling element and / or for each support element or Support element pair or roller element pair an independent roller head is provided. As a result, the structure of the roller heads can be standardized, so that the same roller heads can always be used even in the case of devices with different numbers of rolling elements, so that the different number of roller elements is achieved simply by varying the roller heads.

It is further proposed according to the invention that each roller head is arranged in a variable position on the associated tool carrier. This is an easy way to bring the respective roller head into a desired position.

In a supplementary embodiment, it is also proposed according to the invention that at least one tool holder is provided with a tool holder which is positionally variable in at least two predetermined or predeterminable positions, with at least one rolling element or support element which can be brought into said positions via the tool holder, at least one in Rolling element located in the working position and / or an associated support element is or can be connected kinematically to a power actuating means. A position-changeable tool holder, equipped with corresponding rolling elements or supporting elements, is structurally simple to implement. As a result, rolling elements and support elements can be carried and guided at the same time.

In addition, it is further proposed according to the invention that the tool holder is designed as a roller head for the rolling element and / or the support element. In this way it is possible to realize the inventive idea even in structurally restricted conditions. The overall structure is thereby simplified at the same time.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that at least one tool holder carries at least one roller head. In this way, on the one hand, different equipment of the device can be achieved in adaptation to certain production conditions and, on the other hand, it is at least partially possible to use existing roller heads.

It is further proposed according to the invention that at least two roller heads are arranged in variable positions in at least two positions, of which at least one position is the working position. With a simple arrangement of this type, a large number of different workpiece dimensions can already be mastered.

It is further proposed according to the invention that the roller heads are arranged on a guide for changing the position. This is a space-saving and simple construction for changing the position. The roller elements and / or support elements are then changed in their position at the same time with the roller heads.

It is also proposed according to the invention that an actuating device is provided for carrying out the change in position, it then being further proposed that at least one fluid-operated piston-cylinder unit is provided as the actuating device. Actuators Specifically tailored to the implementation of the change in position and appropriately designed and arranged, they are easy to implement and facilitate the implementation of the change in position.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that at least one more position is predefined or predeterminable for the tool holder than it carries roller heads. As a result, even with a multiple arrangement of roller heads, it is possible to achieve a position in which none of the existing roller heads is in the working position. This facilitates the overall exchange of the tools and in particular the exchange of broken rolling rolls, and it can thereby possibly. the work for placing the rolling devices on the workpiece can also be facilitated.

It is further provided according to the invention that the movable rolling device consists essentially of two scissors-like arms which are kinematically connected to a force actuating means for generating the rolling force. Such a configuration allows high rolling forces to be exerted on the workpiece in a small installation space, these rolling forces canceling each other out on the workpiece itself, so that an additional, undesirable radial load on the workpiece resulting from the rolling force is prevented. It must be emphasized here that the scissor-like connection of the arms does not have to mean that a hinge point is present approximately in the middle of the arms. It is quite possible to place the articulation point on one end of the arms, for example, and thus connect the ends of the arms to one another.

The other ends then carry the tools and it is then possible to kinematically connect power actuating means on either side of these tools to these arms to generate the rolling force. Such a construction creates favorable leverage for generating the rolling force. It must therefore be expressly pointed out that the scissor-like connection which connects the arms to one another in an articulated manner does not necessarily have to be designed as shown, although such a design can also be particularly expedient. Basically, of course, no scissors-like connection must be provided at all, but it is also possible to guide and move the tool carriers, for example, parallel to one another and to connect them kinematically with a force actuating means, so that the tool carriers can be moved parallel to and away from one another.

Finally, it is also proposed according to the invention that at least one rolling device is provided with at least one rolling element and / or at least one support element, which is each arranged in a fixed position with respect to the associated tool carrier. For certain applications, it may be advantageous to change the rolling elements and / or support elements or to bring them into or out of the working position by changing the position of the entire rolling device accordingly. The rolling elements and / or support elements must then be arranged in a fixed position in relation to the associated tool carrier.

• Es zeigen: Figur 1 Festwalzgerät in Seitenansicht
• Figur 2 Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils A nach Figur 1
• Figur 3 Variante zu Figur 1
• Figur 4 Festwalzgerät mit Tragein­richtung und Ständer in Sei­tenansicht
• Figur 5 Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils B nach Figur 4
• Figur 6 Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils C nach Figur 4

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show an exemplary embodiment are explained.

• FIG. 1 is a side view of the deep rolling device
• Figure 2 view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1
• 3 variant to FIG. 1
• Figure 4 deep rolling device with support and stand in side view
• FIG. 5 view in the direction of arrow B according to FIG. 4
• FIG. 6 view in the direction of arrow C according to FIG. 4

A deep rolling device 1 or 1 'is pivotally suspended on a swivel arm 51 in the plane of the drawing by means of the articulated axis 60. The swivel arm 51, which consists of two parallel legs, also carries a lever 56, which is also pivotably arranged in the plane of the drawing, and is operatively connected to a fluid cylinder 57 which is also fastened to the swivel arm 51. The free end 58 of the lever 56 can be pressed via the fluid cylinder 57 in the manner shown in FIG. 4 against the deep-rolling device 1 or 1 ', whereby the said deep-rolling device is caused to perform a pivoting movement in the plane of the drawing about the pivot axis 60. With this pivoting movement, said deep rolling device is to be pivoted into the position shown in FIG for repositioning to another crankshaft type and for placing the devices on the bearings to be rolled. Here, the deep rolling devices 1 and 1 'are arranged such that their center of gravity S is in the manner shown in Figure 4 in front of the pivot axis 60 so that the weight of the respective deep rolling device presses it against the free end 58 of the lever 56. During the rolling operation, the free end 58 of the lever 56 is pivoted away so that the mobility of the deep rolling device 1 or 1 'concerned is not hindered.

The swivel arm 51 in turn is pivotally suspended on a carriage 47 via an axis 40 arranged parallel to the swivel axis 60. The slide 47 is displaceably guided in a slide carrier 48 with the slide guides 49 transversely to the crankshaft axis 46. The carriage carrier 48, in turn, is carried by a support element 41 designed as a round guide, which in turn is arranged vertically adjustable in a stand 42. The direction of adjustment mentioned is indicated by arrow 66 (FIG. 5). For this purpose, the support element 41 can be equipped on its inner lower side with a threaded nut which cooperates with a threaded spindle 67. The threaded spindle 67 is rotatably mounted in the interior of the stator 42, but is axially immovable, and has a bevel gear 68 which cooperates with a corresponding bevel gear 69 of an adjusting device 70. In the exemplary embodiment, the adjusting device 70 is designed as a shaft with a square, so that this shaft is attached to the above by means of a key or a handwheel Square can be turned. Of course, a suitably controlled motor can also be used to achieve automation.

In order to achieve an adjustment of the deep rolling device 1 or 1 ′ to a different stroke of the crankshaft, the slide 47 can be adjusted in the slide guides 49 of the slide carrier 48 transversely to the crankshaft axis 46. For this purpose, a boom 62 is provided on the slide carrier 48, on which a handwheel of an adjustment drive 45 is rotatably mounted. This handwheel is connected to a threaded spindle 63, which engages in a corresponding thread 71 of the slide 47, so that when the handwheel 45 of the slide 47 rotates, it is shifted correspondingly radically. Here too, of course, an appropriately controlled motor drive can be provided instead of the handwheel to achieve automation.

As can be seen particularly easily from FIG. 4, in addition to the deep rolling device 1 or 1 ′ for processing the connecting rod bearing journals, the device also has a fixedly arranged rolling device 50 for processing a main bearing 3. This rolling device 50 is slightly flexible, as can easily be seen in FIG. 5, attached to the slide carrier 48. As already described, the slide 47 is guided in the slide carrier 48 and, as a circular guide, in turn carries the slide 43, on the extended axis 40 of which, as already described, the swivel arm 51 is arranged on the outside. This carriage 43 is arranged in the carriage 47 so as to be displaceable in the direction of the arrow 72. This can be achieved are via the adjusting drive 44, which is designed as a handwheel in the exemplary embodiment, and the threaded spindle 61 connected to the handwheel, which engages in a corresponding thread of the slide 43. Handwheel 44 with threaded spindle 61 is axially immovable but rotatably mounted in the slide 47, so that the slide 43 is moved axially when the handwheel 44 is rotated accordingly. As a result, the lateral distance between the rolling device 1 or 1 ′ and the rolling device 50 can be changed, so that the device with the rolling devices can be set up for different bearing distances of a crankshaft to be rolled. Here too, of course, the handwheel 44 can be replaced by a suitably controlled motor drive, as a result of which the adjustment described can also be automated.

In order to move the entire device into the working position or to move it back out of the working position, the entire device is arranged on a bed slide 73 so as to be displaceable transversely to the crankshaft axis in the direction of arrow 59 '. The displacement can take place in a manner that is no longer shown, for example via a fluid cylinder or via a threaded spindle with a manual drive or motor drive. While the displacement of the carriage 47 in the direction of the arrow 59 serves to adjust the stroke of the crankshaft, the displacement of the entire device on the bed carriage 73 in the direction of the arrow 59 'is required in order, as already mentioned, to bring the entire device into the working position or remove from the working position.

By adjusting the carriage 43, the relative position of the rolling device 50 and the rolling device 1 or 1 'to one another can be set, so that the rolling devices can be set to different bearing distances between the main bearing and connecting rod bearing of a crankshaft. If several main bearings and / or connecting rod bearings of a crankshaft have to be rolled, a displacement axially along the crankshaft axis 46 of the entire device is necessary while maintaining the relative position of the rolling device 50 and the rolling device 1 or 1 'to one another. This is achieved by moving the bed carriage 73 on the associated machine bed in the direction of the arrow 72 '. For this purpose, for example, the bed slide 73 can be moved in a known manner via a threaded spindle 74 on the bed in the direction of the arrow 72 '. Here, this threaded spindle 74 can be controlled by hand or by means of a suitably controlled motor drive, so that the displacement movement in the direction of the arrow 72 'can also be automated.

Below the carriage 47, once in front of and once behind the swivel arm 51, fluid cylinders 52 and 53 are provided on the carriage 47 via holding pieces 75 and 76. The piston rods 64 and 65 of the fluid cylinders mentioned can be brought into contact with the swivel arm 51, each acting in the opposite direction. To move the swivel arm 51 into a first swivel position 54, the fluid cylinder 53 is operated with greater force than the other fluid cylinder and the piston rod 65 is extended until it stops. As a result, the swivel arm 51 reaches the first pivot position 54. To lock this first pivot position 54, the piston rod 64 of the fluid cylinder 52 is moved against the pivot arm 51, but with less force than the force of the piston rod 65, so that in the first pivot position 54 the pivot arm 51 is clamped between the piston rods 65 and 64 and thus is locked. In this swivel position, the deep rolling devices can be placed on the bearings to be rolled.

However, it can also be retracted from the swivel arm 51 a second pivot position 55 in that the piston rod 65 of the fluid cylinder 53 is fully retracted and the piston rod 64 of the fluid cylinder 52 is now extended to such an extent that the swivel arm 51 due to its swiveling movement rests against the retracted one Piston rod 65 comes. The second pivot position 55 is then reached. As a result, the deep rolling device in question can also be swung out of the work area of the device on its own without the entire device having to be moved back from the working position and without the basic positioning of the device having to be changed. If the second swivel position 55 is not sufficient for this, the lever 56 can also be swiveled so that the free end 58 no longer bears against the deep-rolling device 1 or 1 'and, because of the position of the center of gravity S in the plane of the drawing, it folds downward. As a result, while maintaining the above-mentioned positioning of the device, the rolling device 50 can also be used for processing only one main bearing 3 alone. This can especially be the case be advantageous if a straightening process of the crankshaft is also to be carried out simultaneously with the rolling device by means of the deep rolling process.

Despite the relative position of the devices 50 and 1 or 1 'relative to one another in the vertical direction, it is possible in a simple manner to position the device on changing diameters of the main bearing journal and / or the connecting rod bearing journal. In Figure 4, to the left of the entire device, a crankshaft is shown schematically in cross section with a main bearing 3 and two connecting rod bearings 4. So that the entire device can be brought into the working position in the open state, so that the main bearing 3 from the rolling device 50 and a connecting rod bearing 4 from Rolling device 1 or 1 'can be processed, the connecting rod bearing 4 must be rotated in the machine which receives the crankshaft and which is not shown in such a way that a plane 78 which runs parallel to the direction of the arrow 59', both that Main bearing 3 and connecting rod bearing 4 are affected. If this position is reached, the entire device can be moved simply by moving in the direction of arrow 59 on the one hand over the main bearing 3 and on the other hand over the connecting rod bearing 4 and the rolling devices 50 and 1 or 1 'can be closed to carry out the rolling operation. If the diameter of the connecting rod bearing 4 is changed at a next crankshaft to be machined, then the rotational angle position of the crankshaft only has to be changed accordingly in the said machine, not shown, so that the plane 78 again forms a tangent to the main bearing 3 and the connecting rod bearing 4 . However, if the diameter of the main bearing 3 changes, the plane 78 moves because of the fixed center of the machine receiving the crankshaft vertically upward, so that a corresponding vertical correction must be carried out by a corresponding vertical adjustment of the support element 41 in the direction of arrow 66.

When changing the crankshaft types, it often happens that at the same time as changing the crankshaft type, not only the stroke size and the angular position of the crank pins change, but also, or even only, the transition radii to be rolled, the diameters, can change at the same time of the bearings to be rolled and the bearing widths of the bearings to be rolled change. This then requires a change of the tools concerned, which must be carried out manually in the prior art. A supplementary development of the machine according to the invention is also intended to remedy this deficiency and also to enable automatic adaptation of the machine for the described further changes to the different dimensions on different crankshafts. For this purpose, the respective deep rolling device must be designed accordingly. The necessary structure of such deep rolling devices is shown in Figures 1 to 3. The deep rolling device 1 consists essentially of two arms 6 and 7. These arms 6 and 7 are connected to one another in a known manner via the tabs 23 and the hinge pin 24 in a scissor-like manner. At the opposite rear ends 8 and 9, a piston-cylinder unit 10 is also arranged in a known manner, which moves the arms 6 and 7 like pliers or scissors. The state of the art is at the end 11 opposite the end 8 and at the end 12 opposite the end 9 arranged on an arm 6 or 7 of the required roller head. In the case of the deep rolling device according to the invention, on the other hand, the hinge pins 25 and 26 are provided there, which carry the fork-shaped levers 19 and 20 in an articulated manner. The levers 19 and 20 can thus swing freely about their hinge pins 25 and 26, as indicated by the arrows 27 and 26 '.

A piston-cylinder unit 21 is connected via a piston rod to the lever 19 via a joint 28, while the cylinder of the piston-cylinder unit 21 is supported on the lever 6. In the switching position shown in FIG. 1, the lever 19 is in the angular position 15. At the second end of the lever 19, known deep-rolling tools 13 and 13 ', designed as a double tool in the exemplary embodiment shown, are arranged. In the angular position 15 of the lever 19, the deep rolling roller head 13 is in the working position.

Arranged opposite the deep rolling roller head 13, in a manner known per se, is a support roller head 14 which is arranged on the lever 20. The angular position 17 of the lever 20 holds the support roller head 14 in the working position, so that the transition radii 2 on the main bearing 3 can be rolled. For this it is necessary that the levers 6 and 7 are moved via the piston-cylinder unit 10 in a manner known per se and thus the deep rolling roller head 13 and the support roller head 14 are brought into contact with the corresponding bearing points of the crankshaft 5. In this way, of course, not only the main bearing 3 of the crankshaft 5, but just as well Connecting rod bearings 4 are rolled in the area of the fillets 2. For this purpose, only a corresponding device has to be arranged. However, the multiple arrangement of such devices is known from the literature on the prior art which has already been cited. A detailed description of this multiple arrangement can therefore be dispensed with here. For this, reference can be made to the cited literature on the prior art.

For the machining of the crankshaft 5, this is, as shown in FIG. 2, received between centers and driven centrally.

The machining of the crankshaft can now be carried out in a manner already known in the prior art. If a crankshaft 5 now arrives as the next workpiece with, for example, modified fillet radii, the deep-rolling roller head 13 'can be matched to this. In order then to be able to roll the crank shaft 5 with the changed transition radii 2, the piston-cylinder unit 21 is actuated so that its piston rod retracts. As a result, the lever 19 is moved from the angular position 15 into the angular position 16. As a result, the deep rolling roller head 13 'comes into the working position and the crankshaft 5 with the changed radii can be rolled. The pivoting movement in the direction of arrow 27 of the lever 19 is of course in no way limited to the two switching positions described in the exemplary embodiment. More than two switching positions can also be provided. Likewise, more than two deep rolling roller heads can be used. But depending on the application of the deep rolling device 1, it may also make sense to provide only a single deep rolling roller head 13, for example when the now possible swiveling movement via the lever 19 is only or preferably to serve to simplify the tool change for the tool 13 or in the event of a break of the deep rolling rollers 40 'by changing the deep rolling rollers 40' Simplify better accessibility. However, the insertion of the workpiece can also be simplified by such a pivoting movement.

The support roller head 14 can also be pivoted in the direction of the arrow 26 ', for example by means of the handle 22 from the angular position 17, which represents the working position, into the angular position 18. For this purpose, only the locking bolt 29 is removed so that the lever 20 can now be pivoted effortlessly via the handle 22. In the angular position 18, the locking bolt 29 is then reinserted and then sits in the bore 30 of the arm 7. In this swivel position, the support roller head 14 can be replaced effortlessly. However, it is also conceivable to design the lever 20 in the embodiment of the lever 19, so that the lever 20 can carry several different support roller heads for different bearing designs.

The construction of a deep rolling device 1 'according to FIG. 3 is very similar to that of the deep rolling device described so far. The arm 7 with the support roller head 14, which is articulated via the lever 20 on the arm 7 via the hinge pin 26, can be constructed exactly as already described for FIG. This lever 7 is in turn articulated by means of the hinge pin 24 and the tab 23 with an arm 6 ' connected, wherein the first ends 8 'and 9 of the arms 6' and 7 are connected to a piston-cylinder unit 10 which is intended to cause the pivoting movement of the arms relative to one another and which generates the necessary rolling force.

The arm 6 'differs in its construction from the arm 6 according to FIG. 1. In the area of the second end 11 'of the arm 6', this has a slide guide 37 on the underside, on which one or more slides 35 can be arranged. The one or more slides 35 are displaceable in the direction of arrow 36. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, the carriages 35 carry deep-rolling roller heads 31, 32 and 33. Since several sliding carriages 35 are provided in the exemplary embodiment, the deep-rolling roller heads 31 to 33 are connected to one another via tabs 38. The deep rolling roller head 31 is in the working position 34, while the deep rolling roller heads 32 and 33 are available for changing the roller head.

To carry out a sliding movement of the roller heads 31 to 33 on the slide guide 37, the roller head 33 is connected with its associated slide 35 via an arm 39 to the piston-cylinder unit 21 '. An inward and outward movement of the piston rod of this piston-cylinder unit 21 'brings about a corresponding displacement of the slide 35 and thus of the roller heads 31 to 33 in the direction of the arrow 36. As a result, any desired roller head can be brought into the working position 34 or removed from it will. In the respective working position, the roller head in the working position can be locked mechanically or via a bearing ridge tion of the piston of the piston-cylinder unit 21 'are kept in the working position 34.

With this type of construction, it is entirely possible to design the respective slide 35 as a fixed component of an assigned roller head. It is also possible to design several roller heads as a unit so that there is only one roller head as an assembly, but which has several work stations.

Likewise, it is of course also possible to use a roller head arrangement as described for the lever 6 ′ in the form of support roller heads on the arm 7. The arm 7 then only has to be formed at its second end 12 corresponding to the end 11 'of the arm 6'.

It should also be pointed out that the rolling elements 40 'and the supporting elements 41' can have different dimensions both from one another and from roller head to roller head in adaptation to the dimensions of the workpiece to be machined.

List of the reference symbols used

• 1 deep rolling machine
• 1 'deep rolling unit
• 2 transition radii
• 3 main camps
• 4 connecting rod bearings
• 5 crankshaft
• 6 arm
• 6 'arm
• 7 arm
• 8 first end
• 8 'first end
• 9 first end
• 10 piston-cylinder unit
• 11 second end
• 11 'second end
• 12 second end
• 13 deep rolling roller head
• 13 'Deep rolling roller head
• 14 support roller head
• 15 angular position
• 16 angular position
• 17 angular position
• 18 angular position
• 19 tool holder
• 20 tool holders
• 21 piston-cylinder unit
• 21 'piston-cylinder unit
• 22 handle
• 23 tab
• 24 hinge pins
• 25 hinge pins
• 26 hinge pin
• 26 'arrow
• 27 arrow
• 28 joint
• 29 locking bolts
• 30 hole
• 31 deep rolling roller head
• 32 deep rolling roller head
• 33 deep rolling roller head
• 34 working position
• 35 sledges
• 36 arrow
• 37 Slide guide
• 38 tabs
• 39 arm
• 40 axis
• 40 'rolling element
• 41 support element
• 41 'support element
• 42 stands
• 43 sledges
• 44 adjustment drive
• 45 adjustment drive
• 46 crankshaft axis
• 47 sledges
• 48 sled carriers
• 49 carriage guide
• 50 rolling machine (main bearing)
• 51 swivel arm
• 52 fluid cylinders
• 53 fluid cylinders
• 54 first swivel position
• 55 second swivel position
• 56 levers
• 57 fluid cylinders
• 58 free ending
• 59 arrow
• 59 'arrow
• 60 swivel axis
• 61 threaded spindle
• 62 outriggers
• 63 threaded spindle
• 64 piston rod
• 65 piston rod
• 66 arrow
• 67 threaded spindle
• 68 bevel gear
• 69 bevel gear
• 70 adjustment device
• 71 threads
• 72 arrow
• 72 'arrow
• 73 bed sledges
• 74 threaded spindle
• 75 holding piece
• 76 holding piece
• 77 unused
• 78 level

Claims (31)

1. Device for deep rolling or smooth rolling with at least one movable rolling device, at least comprising a tool carrier with at least one rolling element and a tool carrier with at least one supporting element and with at least one further rolling device, the rolling devices being carried by a stand arranged on a slide, characterized in that movable rolling devices (1, 1 ') are arranged such that they can change position relative to the other rolling devices (50) in a radial plane of a crankshaft (5). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each movable rolling device (1,1 ') is arranged in the associated radial plane in at least two independent coordinate directions linearly variable. 3. Device according to at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least one rolling device (1, 1 ') is arranged to be movable in a coordinate direction perpendicular to said radial plane. 4. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least the movable rolling devices are arranged variable in position in a radial plane of a crankshaft regardless of the movement of the movable carriage. 5. Device at least according to claim 4, characterized in that a vertically movable and adjustable support element (41) is provided which carries the rolling devices. 6. Device at least according to claim 1, characterized in that a slide (47) or a slide-like element is provided for performing the change in position at least for the movable rolling devices. 7. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that movable rolling devices are arranged variable in position relative to the other rolling devices in the axial direction of the crankshaft. 8. The device at least according to claim 6, characterized in that the slide (47) or the slide-like element is arranged on a slide carrier (48), which in turn is arranged on a support element (41), the support element (41) on the stand ( 42) is arranged. 9. Device at least according to claim 8, characterized in that the support element (41) is vertically movable and adjustable on the stand (42). 10. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each movable rolling device about a pivot axis (60) parallel to the axis (46) of a crankshaft to be rolled (5) pivotable on a pivot arm (51) is suspended, which in turn is pivotally suspended on the device about an axis (40) parallel to said pivot axis (60). 11. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the stand (42) and support element (41) are designed as a circular guide, the support element (41) is non-rotatably but movable in the stand (42). 12. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the axis parallel to the said pivot axis (40) continues as a circular guide and forms a carriage (43) which is slidably guided in a corresponding bore of the other carriage (47) is. 13. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that for locking the swivel arm (51) in a swivel position on the carriage (47) two oppositely acting on the swivel arm (51) acting fluid cylinders (52, 53) are provided, which pivot the swivel arm (51) to the desired position and hold it there. 14. Device at least according to claim 13, characterized in that of the two fluid cylinders (52, 53) a cylinder (53) with its first end position, a first pivot position (54) and with its second end position determines a second swivel position (55) of the swivel arm, the second cylinder (52) being operated with less force than the first cylinder (53), at least for fixing the first swivel position (54). 15. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that on the swivel arm (51) a pivotally mounted lever (56) is provided which can be actuated by a fluid cylinder (57) also arranged on the swivel arm (51), the free one End (58) can be pressed against the associated rolling device (1, 1 ') in order to bring it into a specific pivot position (FIG. 4). 16. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the entire device is arranged on a bed slide of a machine for receiving and driving a crankshaft and is arranged displaceably together with the bed slide on the machine bed. 17. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, with at least one movable rolling device, at least comprising a tool carrier with a rolling element and a tool carrier with a support element, characterized in that at least one tool carrier (6,6 ', 7) further rolling element (40 ') and / or supporting element (41') is provided, at least one rolling element (40 ') being changeable in at least two positions, of which at least one position is a working position (34), at least the rolling element in the working position and / or at least one associated support element being kinematically connectable or connected to a force actuating means. 18. The device at least according to claim 17, characterized in that at least one rolling element (40 ') and / or support element (41') on the tool carrier (6, 6 ', 7) is arranged in a variable position. 19. The device at least according to claim 17, characterized in that each rolling element (40 ') and each support element (41') is an element of a roller head (13, 13 '; 31-33; 14). 20. The device at least according to claim 19, characterized in that an independent roller head is provided for each rolling element (40) and / or for each support element (41 ') or support element pair or roller element pair. 21. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that each roller head (13, 13 '; 31-33; 14) is arranged in a position-changing manner on the associated tool carrier (6, 6', 7). 22. A device at least according to the preamble of claim 17, characterized in that on at least one tool carrier (6, 7) a tool which is positionally variable in at least two predetermined or predeterminable positions (15-18) holder (19, 20) is provided, with at least one rolling element (40 ') or supporting element (41') that can be brought into said positions via the tool holder (19, 20), at least one rolling element and / or being in the working position at least one associated support element is kinematically connectable or connected to a power actuating means. 23. The device at least according to claim 22, characterized in that the tool holder (19, 20) is designed as a roller head for the rolling element (40 ') and / or the support element (41'). 24. The device at least according to claim 22, characterized in that at least one tool holder (19, 20) carries at least one roller head (13, 13 ', 14). 25. The device according to at least one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that at least two roller heads (31-33) are arranged in at least two positions, of which at least one position is the working position (34). 26. The device at least according to claim 25, characterized in that the roller heads (31-33) are arranged for changing the position on a guide. 27. The device at least according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that an actuating device for carrying out the change in position (21 ') is provided. 28. The device at least according to claim 27, characterized in that at least one fluid-operated piston-cylinder unit is provided as the actuating device (21, 21 '). 29. The device at least according to claim 23, characterized in that for the tool holder (19, 20) at least one more position is predetermined or can be predetermined than it carries roller heads. 30. The device according to at least one of claims 17 to 29, characterized in that the movable rolling device consists essentially of two scissor-like articulated arms which are kinematically connected to a force actuating means for generating the rolling force 31. The device according to at least one of claims 17 to 30, characterized in that at least one rolling device (1,1 ') is provided with at least one rolling element and / or at least one support element, which is each arranged in a fixed position to the associated tool carrier.

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