EP0211735B1 - Verbindung aus Formgedächtnismaterial zum Verbinden von elektrischen Kontaktzonen - Google Patents

Verbindung aus Formgedächtnismaterial zum Verbinden von elektrischen Kontaktzonen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0211735B1
EP0211735B1 EP86401597A EP86401597A EP0211735B1 EP 0211735 B1 EP0211735 B1 EP 0211735B1 EP 86401597 A EP86401597 A EP 86401597A EP 86401597 A EP86401597 A EP 86401597A EP 0211735 B1 EP0211735 B1 EP 0211735B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
shape state
coupling according
electrical
connection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86401597A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0211735A1 (de
Inventor
Michel De Mendez
Jean-Jacques Negre
Gérard Guenin
Guy Herubel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FCI France SA
Original Assignee
Souriau et Cie
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Souriau et Cie filed Critical Souriau et Cie
Publication of EP0211735A1 publication Critical patent/EP0211735A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0211735B1 publication Critical patent/EP0211735B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/01—Connections using shape memory materials, e.g. shape memory metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a connector for electrical connection made of a shape memory material.
  • connection devices or fittings for electrical connection usually used, most often consist of metal rings or sleeves intended, after engagement on two conductive areas to be connected, to effect mechanical maintenance and electrical contact thereof. Most often, the aforementioned mechanical maintenance and electrical contact are ensured by means of the sleeve by crimping or deformation thereof. Crimping results in significant deformation of the sleeve and fittings of this type can generally only be used once due to the significant deformations of the sleeve introduced by crimping, which do not allow the elasticity and initial malleability of the sleeve.
  • connection-disconnection cycles require, in order to obtain a suitable implementation of several connection-disconnection cycles, the application for the return to the expanded state of an external mechanical force or constraint. to the sleeve capable of bringing the latter into an expanded state and the conductive zones into a state of mechanical non-maintenance or absence of electrical contact.
  • an elastic element or auxiliary spring consisting of a split metal ring concentric with the sleeve and in contact with it is provided in order to ensure the reusable connector function for substantially all types of conductive zones compatible with the dimensions of the sleeve-spring assembly.
  • this consisting of a simple sleeve can only be used in the presence of one of the conductive zones to be connected capable of exerting the external force capable of bringing the sleeve in expanded condition.
  • one of the conductive zones has a radial elasticity with respect to the sleeve and is constituted by a spring or a winding.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by the implementation of a connector for electrical connection allowing multiple reuse, regardless of the type of conductive areas or conductors to be connected.
  • Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a connector for electrical connection, allowing multiple re-uses in the absence of any elastic system or auxiliary spring.
  • Another object of the present invention is also the implementation of a connector for electrical connection capable of being mounted to ensure the connection after the actual production of the wiring of the corresponding conductive contact areas.
  • the connector for electrical contact connection object of the invention, is remarkable in that it is formed by a split sleeve made of shape memory material.
  • the sleeve is capable of occupying a first shape memory state corresponding substantially to the initial shape state thereof, being in which the electrical connection and the mechanical maintenance of the electrical contact areas is ensured.
  • the sleeve is capable of occupying a second state of shape memory obtained by local modification of at least one zone of the structure of the sleeve, state in which the introduction tion and / or free clearance of the electrical contact zones in the central zone of the sleeve can be carried out.
  • the transition from one to the other of the shape memory states is reversible and obtained by modifying the temperature of at least one local area of the structure of the sleeve.
  • the invention finds application for the connection of electrical cables of any shape such as cables with conductors of circular section, flat cables, connector contacts and their connection elements.
  • the connector object of the invention is formed by a split sleeve 1 of shape memory material.
  • the sleeve is capable of occupying a first shape memory state, denoted I, corresponding substantially to the initial shape state of the sleeve. In this first state, the electrical connection and the mechanical maintenance of the electrical contact areas to be connected are ensured.
  • the sleeve 1 is capable of occupying a second state of shape memory denoted II obtained by local modification of at least one zone of the structure of the sleeve. In this second state, the introduction and / or free disengagement of the electrical contact zones in the central zone of the sleeve can be carried out.
  • the transition from one to the other of the shape memory states is reversible and obtained by modifying the temperature of at least one local area of the structure of the sleeve.
  • the term “local area of the structure of the sleeve” is understood to mean, for example, the sleeve being substantially cylindrical, one of the generating lines of the surface of the sleeve, it being possible for the passage from one of the states of shape memory to be obtained by modifying the temperature of one or more of these local areas, or even of all of these, the entire sleeve being thus brought to the same temperature variations.
  • a connector according to the invention has been made, comprising 4% aluminum, 28% zinc and the rest of the percentage in copper.
  • the first shape memory state 1 is stable at room temperature and / or at the operating temperature of the electrical connection.
  • this first state of shape memory is stable at low temperature, that is to say up to the lowest temperature provided for in the specifications defining the field of use of this type of fitting.
  • the first state of shape memory is thus chosen stable up to a temperature of the order of -65 ° C.
  • the second shape memory state is obtained when the temperature of at least one local area of the structure of the sleeve or of the whole of the latter is brought to a temperature below the transition temperature Ms of the material constituting the sleeve.
  • the transition temperature Ms of the alloy under consideration is close to -80 ° C.
  • the transition from one to the other of the shape memory states denoted I and II can be obtained by means of any cold source, the thermal inertia of the sleeve at the temperature below the transition temperature being sufficient for allow operations to engage and / or disengage the electrical contact areas in the central area of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve in its first shape memory state is wound in a configuration such that the edges of the slot 10 are disjoined, the walls of the sleeve ensuring in the vicinity of the edges of the slot a covering and the sleeve being at least partially wound in contiguous spiral.
  • This embodiment appears particularly advantageous for the connection of electrical contact zones or conductors of substantially circular section.
  • the sleeve in its first shape memory state can have an oblong or flattened shape, the edges of the slot being disjoint and the walls of the sleeve ensuring in the vicinity of the edges of the slot also a recovery.
  • This embodiment appears more particularly suitable for the connection of cables of the flat cable type.
  • the internal walls of the sleeve are smooth. This feature allows, in the case of cable connection having beyond their bare connection part an insulating sheath, a suitable covering of this sheath, without however causing deterioration thereof.
  • the sleeve may also include a conductive protective coating, consisting of a layer of gold, silver, palladium alloy, a tin-lead compound or by titanium.
  • the protective coating may further comprise an appropriate undercoat.
  • the operating mode allowing suitable use of the connector which is the subject of the invention will now be described by means of FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • the sleeve 1 being in its initial shape memory state 1, the latter is brought into its shape memory state II by means of a cold source or a tool capable of lowering the temperature of the sleeve below of its transition temperature Ms.
  • the edges of the slot 10 are preferably separated and the central zone of the sleeve is sufficiently open so as to allow the introduction of electrical or conductive contact zones 2 and 3, of suitable cross section in the central zone of the sleeve 1.
  • the return of the sleeve to its initial temperature or ambient temperature also allows the return to the state of memory of form I, the electrical contact and the mechanical maintenance of the electrical contact zones 2 and 3 are thus insured.
  • the opening of the slot 10 when the sleeve is in its form II memory state can be chosen to be sufficient, so as to advantageously allow the sleeve to be placed on electrical contact zones, previously wired.
  • a flattened sleeve has also been shown in its shape I memory state, the contact areas being either conductors of circular section, or conductors of the flat cable type.
  • connection element 5 being placed on the rear part 4 of the connector contact, the sleeve 1 brought into its form state II as described above, the opening of the slot being sufficient, is placed at the junction between the connector contact 4 and the connection element 5.
  • the junction zone is placed in the central zone of the open sleeve.
  • the return to ambient or operating temperature of the connector brings the sleeve back to its first state of shape I memory, state in which the electrical connection and the mechanical maintenance of the electrical contact zones constituted by the contact 4 and the connection element 5 are thus insured.
  • the sleeve 1 is in its shape memory position 1 wound in a configuration such that the edges of the slot 10 are substantially contiguous.
  • connection element 5 in the vicinity of the sleeve, can be provided with sharp-angled facets and the edges of the central zone of the sleeve can be adapted to the corresponding section of the part of the connection element and / or of the rear part of the connection contact.
  • the edges of the sleeve 1, other than those which define the slot 10 are provided with indentations, slots or slots 100, so as to allow the deformation of the sleeve 1 and passing from the first shape memory state to the second shape memory state, the sleeve body working in flexion.
  • the body of the sleeve 1 comprises, with respect to a transverse plane of symmetry P of the sleeve, at least one inclined part 101 forming facet with respect to the central part 102 of the sleeve body.
  • the facet (s) 101 are placed symmetrically with respect to the plane P and arranged between the slots 100 and the central part 102 of the body of the sleeve.
  • the aforementioned application is particularly advantageous for making connections for connectors of the hermetic connector type, in which the usual techniques of connection cannot be easily used because of the volume available for implementing the connector or because of the conditions of use of it, the material in which the contacts are made does not have sufficient characteristics to withstand the deformations generated during connection.
  • An example of implementation of a connector according to the invention will now be described with the aid of FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c.
  • connection can be obtained from a sheet of the aforementioned alloy cut into a strip of suitable size, this sheet being noted 20.
  • the teeth or slots 100 shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b are necessary , these can be produced by cutting on the corresponding edges of the strip 20 then the latter can be folded so as to form the facets or inclined parts 101.
  • the strip 20 is then subjected to a mechanical treatment by rolling noted R, so as to constitute the split sleeve and to bring the latter to the final shapes and dimensions constituting the first state 1 of shape memory, as shown in FIG. 4b.
  • the sleeve 1 is then subjected to a heat treatment capable of bringing it into a state of crystallographic phase of the austenitic type and then to a cooling at a temperature close to room temperature.
  • cooling is meant cooling such as that obtained by means of a soaking type treatment for example, so as to avoid the appearance of parasitic crystallographic phase.
  • the sleeve 1 is then subjected in at least one deformation zone thereof, mainly in one or more generating lines of the wall of the sleeve to a process called education.
  • the deformation zone is denoted 101.
  • the education process consists in repeatedly imposing on the deformation zone 101, or the plurality of these, a mechanical stress such that the sleeve is in its deformation deformation zones so as to bring the latter into a position of form close to the second form II memory state, and to subject the assembly, the stress being maintained, to a lowering of temperature capable of bringing the deformation zone (s) 101 or possibly the assembly of the sleeve 1 into a state of martensitic phase.
  • the lowering of temperature can be carried out by means of any cold source applied either to the whole of the sleeve, or only at the level of the deformation zones 101.
  • the mechanical stress can be applied by means of a tool allowing a spacing enough of the edges of the slot 10 until the desired shape memory position II is obtained.
  • the connector according to the invention After removal of the mechanical stress, the connector according to the invention is subjected to a gradual heating to room temperature. It then resumes its stable shape state or first shape memory state.
  • the repetition of the cycle imposed for education as defined above, must be sufficient to obtain a good degree of reproducibility of the transitions between the first and second subsequent shape memory states by lowering the temperature only, then by a successive rise the temperature for returning to the original shape memory position or state.
  • connection elements of substantially similar shape can also be obtained from shape memory materials delivered in the form of rods, cylindrical ingots or the like by milling or by conventional machining operation.
  • the education process previously described can if necessary be carried out in so-called complementary logic, that is to say in an education process in which the temperature variations for the transition from state I to l shape memory state They are inverted, the corresponding shape memory state positions being if necessary themselves inverted.
  • the protective coating can preferably be applied to the educated material by any conventional means by electrodeposition or possibly prior to the education process.

Landscapes

  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Anschlußstück zum Verbinden von elektrischen Kontaktbereichen, das von einer geschlitzten Hülse (1) aus einem Werkstoff mit Formrückstellvermögen gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse auf umkehrbare Weise einerseits einen ersten Zustand (I) des Formrückstellvermögens einzunehmen vermag, der im wesentlichen dem anfänglichen Formzustand der Hülse entspricht und in dem die elektrische Verbindung und der mechanische Zusammenhalt zwischen den elektrischen Kontaktbereichen gewährleistet sind, und andererseits einen zweiten Zustand (11) des Formrückstellvermögens, der durch lokales Verändern wenigstens eines Bereiches des Hülsenaufbaus erzielt wird und in dem das freie Einführen und/oder das freie Lösen der elektrischen Kontaktbereiche im Mittelabschnitt der Hülse vorgenommen werden kann/können, wobei der umkehrbare Übergang von dem einen in den anderen Rückstellzustand allein durch Ändern der Temperatur wenigstens eines örtlich begrenzten Bereiches des Hülsenaufbaus erzielt wird.
2. Anschlußstück nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte Werkstoff mit Formrückstellvermögen von einer metallischen Verbindung aus der Gruppe mit Nickel-Titan, Nickel-Titan-Eisen, Kupfer-Zink-Aluminium, Kupfer-Aluminium-Nickel, Nickel-Aluminium gebildet ist, die in Form einer intermetallischen Verbindung oder als Legierung verwendet wird.
3. Anschlußstück nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es einen elektrisch leitfähigen Schutzüberzug aufweist, der von einer Schicht aus Gold, Silber, Palladiumlegierung, Zinn-Blei-Verbindung oder Titan gebildet ist und außerdem eine zweckdienliche Zwischenschicht aufweist.
4. Anschlußstück nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse in ihrem ersten Zustand (I) des Formrückstellvermögens, in dem die elektrische Verbindung und der mechanische Zusammenhalt der elektrischen Kontaktbereiche gewährleistet sind, zu solcher Konfiguration eingerollt ist, daß die Ränder des Schlitzes (10) voneinander getrennt sind, wobei die Wände der Hülse (1) in der Nähe der Ränder des Schlitzes eine Überlappung bilden.
5. Anschlußstück nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (1) in ihrem ersten Zustand (I) des Formrückstellvermögens außerdem von im wesentlichen flacher Gestalt ist.
6. Anschlußstück nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenwände der Hülse glatt sind.
7. Anschlußstück nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Falle der Verbindung des hinteren Abschnitts eines Kontaktstückes (4) von einem Verbinder mit einem Anschlußorgan (5) vom Typ Drahtwickelstift die Hülse (1) in ihrem ersten Zustand (I) des Formrückstellvermögens, in dem die elektrische Verbindung und der mechanische Zusammenhalt zwischen den elektrischen Kontaktbereichen gewährleistet sind, zu solcher Konfiguration gerollt ist, daß die Ränder vom Schlitz (10) der Hülse (1) im wesentlichen aneinander anliegen.
8. Anschlußstück nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mittelabschnitt (102) der Hülse (1) in deren erstem Zustand (I) des Formrückstellvermögens an den entsprechenden Querschnitt des hinteren Abschnitts vom Kontaktstück (4) des Verbinders und des Anschlußorgans (5) angepaßt ist.
9. Anschlußstück nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anderen Ränder der Hülse (1 ), welche nicht den Schlitz (10) begrenzen, mit Auszahnungen oder Lücken (100) versehen sind, derart, daß die Verformung der Hülse und der Übergang vom ersten (1) in den zweiten Zustand (11) des Formrückstellvermögens durch Biegung möglich sind.
10. Anschlußstück nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in bezug auf eine quergerichtete Symmetrieebene der Hülse das Hauptteil der Hülse einen schrägen Abschnitt aufweist, der am Mittelabschnitt (102) vom Hauptteil der Hülse (1) eine Facette (101) bildet, welche zwischen den Lücken (100) und dem Mittelabschnitt (102) vom Hauptteil der Hülse (1) angeordnet ist.
EP86401597A 1985-07-19 1986-07-17 Verbindung aus Formgedächtnismaterial zum Verbinden von elektrischen Kontaktzonen Expired - Lifetime EP0211735B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8511088 1985-07-19
FR8511088A FR2585191B1 (fr) 1985-07-19 1985-07-19 Raccord pour connexion de zones de contact electrique en materiau a memoire de forme

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0211735A1 EP0211735A1 (de) 1987-02-25
EP0211735B1 true EP0211735B1 (de) 1990-05-16

Family

ID=9321465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86401597A Expired - Lifetime EP0211735B1 (de) 1985-07-19 1986-07-17 Verbindung aus Formgedächtnismaterial zum Verbinden von elektrischen Kontaktzonen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4810201A (de)
EP (1) EP0211735B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6264074A (de)
CA (1) CA1296788C (de)
DE (1) DE3671330D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2585191B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4927370A (en) * 1988-01-27 1990-05-22 Unisys Corporation (Formerly Burroughs Corp) High density connector
US4995822A (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-02-26 Raychem Corporation Electrical connector
US5254837A (en) * 1991-07-15 1993-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Thermally activated retainer means utilizing shape memory alloy
US7714257B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2010-05-11 Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. Electrical connector assembly for an arcuate surface in a high temperature environment and an associated method of use
DE202012011584U1 (de) * 2012-12-03 2013-01-21 Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Kontaktlasche
AU2017217661B2 (en) * 2016-02-11 2018-11-15 The Noco Company Battery connector device for a battery jump starting device
US11283228B2 (en) 2019-11-12 2022-03-22 Toyota Motor Engineering And Manufacturing North America, Inc. Universal adapter for sensors

Family Cites Families (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE755271A (fr) * 1969-08-25 1971-02-25 Raychem Corp Raccord metallique pouvant reprendre sa forme a la chaleur
GB1425465A (en) * 1972-05-04 1976-02-18 Raychem Ltd Method of making electrical connections
DE2406236C2 (de) * 1974-02-09 1982-05-06 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover Verbindungselement für koaxiale Paare von Nachrichtenkabeln
GB1579734A (en) * 1977-03-11 1980-11-26 Raychem Ltd Methods of making electrical connections and connectors for use therein
DE3045700A1 (de) * 1980-12-04 1982-07-08 Schaltbau Gesellschaft mbH, 8000 München Elektrische steckerbuchse
US4487465A (en) * 1981-12-07 1984-12-11 Raychem Corporation Heat recoverable connecting device
US4497527A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-02-05 Raychem Corporation Supplementary force heat-recoverable connecting device
US4462651A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-07-31 Raychem Corporation Reusable heat-recoverable connecting device
JPS59146175A (ja) * 1983-02-10 1984-08-21 株式会社日立製作所 電気接続装置
US4634201A (en) * 1984-05-07 1987-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of The Navy Connector/nitinol Δ contact force device
US4717352A (en) * 1985-03-19 1988-01-05 Souriau & Cie Connection element between an electric connector and a connector contact
FR2579375B1 (fr) * 1985-03-19 1991-05-03 Souriau & Cie Connecteur electrique a element de contact en materiau a memoire de forme

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0211735A1 (de) 1987-02-25
FR2585191B1 (fr) 1988-09-30
CA1296788C (fr) 1992-03-03
FR2585191A1 (fr) 1987-01-23
US4810201A (en) 1989-03-07
JPS6264074A (ja) 1987-03-20
DE3671330D1 (de) 1990-06-21

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