EP0197820A1 - Elektrischer Verbinder mit Formgedächtniskontaktelement - Google Patents

Elektrischer Verbinder mit Formgedächtniskontaktelement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0197820A1
EP0197820A1 EP86400559A EP86400559A EP0197820A1 EP 0197820 A1 EP0197820 A1 EP 0197820A1 EP 86400559 A EP86400559 A EP 86400559A EP 86400559 A EP86400559 A EP 86400559A EP 0197820 A1 EP0197820 A1 EP 0197820A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
male
female
shape memory
parts
connector according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86400559A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gérard Guenin
Guy Herubel
Raymond Bargain
Michel De Mendez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FCI France SA
Original Assignee
Souriau et Cie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Souriau et Cie filed Critical Souriau et Cie
Publication of EP0197820A1 publication Critical patent/EP0197820A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/01—Connections using shape memory materials, e.g. shape memory metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S439/00—Electrical connectors
    • Y10S439/932—Heat shrink material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical connector with contact elements made of shape memory material.
  • the connection density appears to be a parameter of major interest because of the ever-increasing number of electrical circuits involved in modern electronic or electromechanical assemblies. It therefore appears that high-performance electrical connectors necessarily include a large number of plug-in male-female contact elements engaged by friction.
  • the connection-disconnection of this type of connector then requires the application of significant efforts due to the very number of these contact elements.
  • the repetition of the connection-disconnection operations has the effect of causing a phenomenon of wear of the contact elements and ultimately the deterioration of the corresponding connectors.
  • Shape memory materials have so far been the subject of a few applications in the field of electronics or industrial electronics to provide, in particular, electrical connection or disconnection functions.
  • connection-disconnection function is ensured by means of conventional contact elements which are actuated by means of an actuator element alone made of a material with shape memory and capable of participating, from the only mechanical point of view, in the desired connection-disconnection function.
  • An object of this J h vention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by the use of an electrical connector to ensure a large number of connection-disconnection cycles with a degree of wear of the contact elements very attenuated compared to conventional connectors or even to so-called low insertion force connectors.
  • Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a connector, as previously mentioned, having a connection density absolutely identical to that of the most efficient current conventional materials.
  • the electrical connector which is the subject of the invention comprises at least one male part and / or one female conductive part intended to be plugged into each other to ensure or break the electrical conduction at the level of these.
  • At least one of the male or female parts consists, at least at its active contact end, of a conductive shape memory material; the male or female part is shaped so as to closely adapt to the complementary part in a female or male p re- Mier shape memory state and to ensure the disengagement of said female or male complementary portion in a second shape memory state.
  • the invention is applicable to the electrical connectors of all types used in areas as diverse as industrial electronics, electromechanical, the installations oceanni q ues artificial satellites or aircraft, computer and telematic equipment.
  • the electrical connector object of the invention comprises at least one male part 20 and / or one female part 10 conductive. These male and female parts are intended to be plugged into each other to ensure or break the electrical conduction at their level. At least one of said male 20 or female 10 parts is made, at least at its active contact end, of a conductive shape memory material.
  • the male part 20 or female part 10 is shaped so that it can be closely adapt to the female 10 or male 20 complementary part in a first shape memory state and so as to be able to ensure the release of the female 10 or male 20 complementary part in a second shape memory state.
  • connection element comprising one or two plug-in parts denoted 1, 2 in FIG. 1, a first plug-in part 2 consisting of a plurality of previously described male parts 20 joined together in an arrangement by means of a support plate and a case or shell constituting the connector body, a second plug-in part 1 consisting of a plurality of female parts 10 joined in a similar arrangement by means of a support plate, referenced 41 in FIG. 1, and a case or shell forming the connector body.
  • the connector of the invention allows, in the first shape memory state, to ensure very good electrical contact between the male and female parts 20 as well as good mechanical joining between male and female parts and therefore ultimately connector assembly.
  • the disengagement of the complementary part is ensured and the corresponding contacts and the connectors can then be secured or separated with a zero assembly or disassembly force or practically zero. This results, even after a significant number of repeated plugging cycles, practically non-existent wear of the contact parts.
  • the transition from the first shape memory state to the second shape memory state can be carried out by modifying the temperature of the connector, that is to say of the corresponding male and / or female parts, as will be described from in more detail in the following description.
  • the first shape memory state during which the electrical contact is ensured is stable at ambient temperature.
  • This same first shape memory state is also stable at low temperature, that is to say at temperatures corresponding to the lowest operating temperatures of the specifications normally in force for this type of connector.
  • the lowest temperature limit for which the first shape memory state remains stable is for example taken as ⁇ 65 ° C.
  • FIG. 1A there has been successively shown in 1A the case where the female part 10 is only made of a shape memory material, the two states being represented in a and b, while in FIG. 1B the male element 20 is it alone made up of a shape memory material in these two respective states also represented in a and b.
  • the complementary element that is to say the male element 20 in the case of FIG. 1A and the female element 10 in the case of FIG. 1B, can be made of a material conventional type conductor.
  • FIG. 2 represents an advantageous nonlimiting embodiment in which the male part 20 and the female part 10 are, on the one hand, mutually shaped so as to be able to adapt mutually to the complementary female part 10 or male 20 to ensure electrical contact in the first shape memory state.
  • the male 20 and female 10 parts are further shaped so as to be able to ensure the release of the complementary female 10 or male part 20 in the second shape memory state.
  • the male 20 and female 10 parts are shown in the second shape memory state. It will be noted that each of these male or female parts has, in the first and second memory states, complemented shape memory states.
  • This type of connector that is to say a connector comprising male 20 and / or female 10 parts with a state of complemented shape memory appears particularly well suited for uses in hostile mechanical environments, that is to say for example for applications to electromechanical systems subjected to significant vibrations, such as for example for the connection of electrical circuits of aircraft engines, ships, or the like.
  • the male or female part is constituted by a barrel 90 intended to receive at least one conductive cable and by an active part 91 integral with the barrel constituting the male or female part and intended to ensure contact on the corresponding female or male complementary part.
  • a flange 92 placed substantially at the connection between the barrel 90 and the active part 91 enables the fixing of each element or female, male part on the corresponding support plate, according to usual techniques.
  • the active part 91 is constituted by a tubular or cylindrical element 100 having at least one of its generatrices a slot 101 extending over a part of the tubular element 100.
  • the slots 101 substantially delimit two flexible blades 102, 103 constituting the active part 91.
  • the male part, female previously described in Figure 3 can be obtained from shape memory material delivered in the form of a cylindrical ingot or wire, by conventional turning and milling.
  • Other types of male or female parts can also be obtained from material with shape memory delivered in the form of sheets, which can be cut and then rolled so as to form a cylindrical element comprising at least one slot.
  • other forms of male or female parts can be used without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • each tubular or cylindrical element constituting the male and female parts respectively may have similar complementary sections, the slots being arranged symmetrically or not with respect to the axis lon ⁇ itudina1 of symmetry XX of each tubular element.
  • one of the plug-in parts constituting a male plug-in part 2 is constituted by the male parts 20 assembled in regular arrangement, the diametral plane, passing through two slots of each tubular element, being oriented in a first direction z, as it appears in FIG. 5b.
  • Another plug-in part constituting a female plug-in part 1 is constituted by the female parts 10 joined together in the same regular arrangement.
  • the diametral plane passing through two slots of each tubular element of the female parts 10 is oriented in a second direction y perpendicular or not to the first direction z for example.
  • each of the male 20 or female 10 parts of the connector of the invention can be entirely made of a shape memory material.
  • the barrel 90 intended to receive at least one conductor cable also has at least one non-reversible shape memory state.
  • the barrel 90 is shaped so as to be able to adapt closely to the conductive cable in the aforementioned shape memory state, in order to ensure the electrical connection with the latter.
  • non-reversible shape memory state of the barrel it is necessary to understand a memorized shape state allowing at least one cycle consisting of expansion of the bored part of the barrel 90, the introduction of the conductor intended to equip the contact, then the return to a stable position in which, in the presence of the conductive cable, the electrical contact and the mechanical fixing of the cable in the barrel are ensured.
  • the barrel 90 itself can be, without limitation, endowed with memory property of reversible shape.
  • shape memory material which can be used for implementing the connector of the invention will now be given.
  • These materials are, although not limited to, chosen from nickel-titanium, nickel-aluminum, nickel-titanium-iron, copper-zinc-aluminum, copper-aluminum-nickel compounds. These compounds can be used either in the form of intermetallic compounds or in alloyed form.
  • male or female parts as shown in FIG. 3 were produced from a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy comprising 4% ⁇ 0.5% aluminum, 27 to 29% of zinc and remainder as a percentage of copper, the percentages being understood as an atomic percentage.
  • Each male 20 or female 10 part can also be provided with a conductive protective coating consisting of a deposit of gold, silver, palladium alloy or even lead tin. This latter coating can indeed be used expanding its usual field of use since there is practically no more friction or wear problem at each male or female part.
  • transition temperature Ms of the order of - 80 ° C.
  • This transition temperature which is the temperature of transition to the martensitic state for the material constituting the male or female parts, makes it possible to maintain the first shape memory state stable for the domain of use announced.
  • the second shape memory state is stable for temperatures below this transition temperature.
  • the transition from the first shape memory state to the second shape memory state can be carried out reversibly over a large number of cycles by simply lowering the temperature of the connector, that is to say, the male and female parts. , below the transition temperature Ms, then return to a so-called use temperature above the Ms temperature and alternatively.
  • the male part 20 or female 10 has been conformed to the final shapes and dimensions constituting the first state of shape memory as shown for example in FIG. 3.
  • the male part 20 or female 10 is then subjected to a heat treatment capable of bring it into a state of crystallographic phase of the austenitic type.
  • the part male 20 or female 10 is then subjected to cooling to a temperature close to ambient temperature, so as to avoid the appearance of parasitic crystallographic phase.
  • cooling is meant cooling such as that obtained by means of a treatment, of the soaking type for example.
  • the male or female part is then subjected in at least one deformation zone thereof, denoted 105 in FIG. 3, to a so-called education process.
  • the education process consists in repeatedly imposing on the male or female part a mechanical stress such that the male or female part is, in this zone, deformed so as to bring the blades 102, 103 into a shape position close to the second state of shape memory and to subject the assembly, the constraint being maintained, to a lowering of temperature capable of bringing the male or female part into a martensitic phase state.
  • the lowering of temperature can be carried out by means of any cold source applied either to the whole of the male or female part, or only at the level of the deformation zone or zones 105.
  • the mechanical stress can be applied for example to the by means of a cone-shaped tool allowing flaring of the active part until the desired shape memory position is obtained.
  • the male or female element is subjected to a gradual heating to room temperature.
  • the male or female element then resumes its stable state of shape or first state of shape memory.
  • the repetition of the cycle imposed for education as defined above must be sufficient to obtain a good degree of reproducibility of the transitions between the first state and the second state of subsequent shape memory by simply lowering the temperature of the male element.
  • transition temperature Ms defined as the temperature at which the martensitic phase begins to form by itself
  • the education process consists in imposing in the absence of deformation on the object constituted by the male or female part conformed in an initial state, at least at the level of the deformation zone 105 thereof, a thermal stress consisting in a temperature variation capable of bringing it into a martensitic crystallographic phase state. Then the male or female part being in the aforementioned state, a mechanical stress such that the male or female part is deformed, in this zone, is applied so as to bring the blades 102, 103 into a shape position close to the second memory state form II.
  • the temperature reduction and the application of the mechanical stress can be carried out using the means already mentioned, the flaring of the active part being carried out until the second desired shape memory position is obtained.
  • intermediate state of form close to the initial state of form of the male or female part is then defined and imposed on it.
  • the imposition of the intermediate form state on the party male or female is carried out by imposing limits of subsequent change of form thereof to the corresponding limits of the state of intermediate form.
  • the definition and the imposition of the limits of change of shape of the male or female part can be carried out by means of a matrix enclosing the male part or of a mandrel inserted in the female part, the matrix or the mandrel having dimensions. interior and exterior respectively corresponding to the dimensions of the intermediate state.
  • the matrix or the mandrel can advantageously be constituted by the corresponding female or male part.
  • the male or female part, in martensitic state, on which the shape change limits have been imposed, is then subjected to a gradual warming up to ambient temperature to bring it back into a crystallographic phase state of austenitic type. Due to the heating and the maintenance of the male or female part in the intermediate form state, internal constraints allowing the definition of the intermediate form state as the first form I memory state are then induced in the male element. or female.
  • Connec temperature control tor of the invention can be obtained from any cold source normally available in an industrial environment and in particular by means of liquid nitrogen.
  • the cooling of the connector of the invention below the transition temperature of the alloy constituting the male and female parts constituting it has the effect of releasing the corresponding female and male parts by placing them in their second memory state, state in which the connectors can be plugged in or on the contrary disconnected with a zero or practically zero insertion or extraction force.
  • Returning to ambient temperature or to any temperature within the operating range of the connector has the effect of closing and adapting the contact or corresponding male and female parts and ensuring the required fastening force. This can be made very important for specific applications already mentioned.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
EP86400559A 1985-03-19 1986-03-17 Elektrischer Verbinder mit Formgedächtniskontaktelement Withdrawn EP0197820A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8504040 1985-03-19
FR8504040A FR2579375B1 (fr) 1985-03-19 1985-03-19 Connecteur electrique a element de contact en materiau a memoire de forme

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0197820A1 true EP0197820A1 (de) 1986-10-15

Family

ID=9317334

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86400559A Withdrawn EP0197820A1 (de) 1985-03-19 1986-03-17 Elektrischer Verbinder mit Formgedächtniskontaktelement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4720270A (de)
EP (1) EP0197820A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS61269874A (de)
CA (1) CA1250631A (de)
FR (1) FR2579375B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2585191B1 (fr) * 1985-07-19 1988-09-30 Souriau & Cie Raccord pour connexion de zones de contact electrique en materiau a memoire de forme
US5098305A (en) * 1987-05-21 1992-03-24 Cray Research, Inc. Memory metal electrical connector
US6240630B1 (en) * 1997-12-03 2001-06-05 The Regents Of The University Of California Apparatus for loading shape memory gripper mechanisms
US6036528A (en) * 1998-01-23 2000-03-14 The Whitaker Corporation Hollow contact for solder connection
US20030170092A1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2003-09-11 Chiodo Joseph David Releasable fasteners
DE10234249B3 (de) * 2002-07-27 2004-01-22 Daimlerchrysler Ag Bio-Mimetische selbstheilende Kabel, Schaltkreise und Stecker
DE10243899A1 (de) * 2002-09-21 2004-04-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Steuergerätestecker mit Diebstahlsicherung
DE10243900B3 (de) * 2002-09-21 2004-04-01 Daimlerchrysler Ag Steuergerätestecker mit Diebstahlsicherung
US7462079B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2008-12-09 Tyco Electronics Corporation Electrical contact with wire trap
US20080023871A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Methods of forming polymeric articles having continuous support structures
CN114520429A (zh) * 2015-04-14 2022-05-20 安费诺有限公司 电连接器
CN108306119A (zh) * 2017-12-22 2018-07-20 番禺得意精密电子工业有限公司 电连接器组合
JP7107170B2 (ja) * 2018-10-31 2022-07-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 給電用の端子構造
US11283228B2 (en) 2019-11-12 2022-03-22 Toyota Motor Engineering And Manufacturing North America, Inc. Universal adapter for sensors
WO2023284867A1 (zh) * 2021-07-15 2023-01-19 长春捷翼汽车零部件有限公司 一种带有记忆功能的端子
DE102022001944A1 (de) 2022-06-03 2023-12-14 BEST!LE Technologies GmbH Vorrichtung zur Klemmung für Steckverbinder

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1327441A (en) * 1969-08-25 1973-08-22 Raychem Corp Heat recoverable tubular coupling member
EP0081372A2 (de) * 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a California corporation) Verbindungsvorrichtung
GB2128039A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-18 Raychem Corp Reusable device for making electrical connection

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1425465A (en) * 1972-05-04 1976-02-18 Raychem Ltd Method of making electrical connections
DE2406236C2 (de) * 1974-02-09 1982-05-06 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover Verbindungselement für koaxiale Paare von Nachrichtenkabeln
US3861030A (en) * 1974-04-04 1975-01-21 Raychem Corp Article and method for locating contacts
GB1504704A (en) * 1974-05-14 1978-03-22 Raychem Ltd Heatrecoverable coupling
GB1579734A (en) * 1977-03-11 1980-11-26 Raychem Ltd Methods of making electrical connections and connectors for use therein
US4396244A (en) * 1981-04-20 1983-08-02 Raychem Corporation Solderless connector device
US4462651A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-07-31 Raychem Corporation Reusable heat-recoverable connecting device
JPS59146175A (ja) * 1983-02-10 1984-08-21 株式会社日立製作所 電気接続装置
US4634201A (en) * 1984-05-07 1987-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of The Navy Connector/nitinol Δ contact force device
US4621882A (en) * 1984-05-14 1986-11-11 Beta Phase, Inc. Thermally responsive electrical connector

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1327441A (en) * 1969-08-25 1973-08-22 Raychem Corp Heat recoverable tubular coupling member
EP0081372A2 (de) * 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a California corporation) Verbindungsvorrichtung
GB2128039A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-18 Raychem Corp Reusable device for making electrical connection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2579375B1 (fr) 1991-05-03
FR2579375A1 (fr) 1986-09-26
US4720270A (en) 1988-01-19
CA1250631A (fr) 1989-02-28
JPS61269874A (ja) 1986-11-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0197820A1 (de) Elektrischer Verbinder mit Formgedächtniskontaktelement
EP2867912B1 (de) Elektrischer schalter zur herstellung eines schnellbetätigungsschutzschalters
EP2360792B1 (de) Elektrischer Zwitterkontakt
EP0692845B1 (de) Koaxialer Winkelverbinder für Leiterplattenmontage
EP0196256B1 (de) Thermisch einsteckbare Anschlussklemme auf einer gedruckten Leiterplatte und Verbinder mit solchen Klemmen
FR2844104A1 (fr) Borne de contact munie d'une lame de contact elastique
EP2146400A1 (de) Verbindungseinheit und Montageverfahren einer solchen Verbindungseinheit
CA1296788C (fr) Raccord pour connexion de zones de contact electrique en materiau a memoire de forme
CA1248192A (fr) Element de raccordement entre un conducteur electrique et un contact de connecteur
EP0259205B1 (de) Elektrischer Kontakt für Mehrfachsteckverbinder und Steckverbinder mit solchen Kontakten
EP2549592B1 (de) Spitzeneinsatz und Vorrichtung, die einen solchen Einsatz umsetzt
FR2579379A1 (fr) Element de raccordement entre un conducteur electrique et un contact de connecteur
FR2504739A1 (fr) Ensemble a borne, son procede de fabrication et revetement rejetant la soudure
EP1463149A1 (de) Verfahren zum Abdichten eines vieladrigen Masseverbindungskabel
EP3109943B1 (de) Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für eine elektrogerät
FR3053168A1 (fr) Connecteur de raccordement
EP3109948B1 (de) Herstellungsverfahren eines elektrischen kontakts, und elektrischer kontakt
EP1205947A1 (de) Trennwanddurchführung für elektrisches Hochspannungskabel
EP3188319B1 (de) Verfahren zur befestigung eines bauteils an einem substrat über einen träger und anordnung mit einem bauteil und einem träger
FR2627018A1 (fr) Embout de raccordement electrique
BE742819A (de)
EP2272135B1 (de) Einrichtung zur verhinderung der erzeugung eines elektrischen bogens zwischen zwei leitfähigen elementen
FR2678779A1 (fr) Bloc de connexion electrique enfichable, a verrouillage des bornes de contact.
EP4154360A1 (de) Verbesserte fool-beständige vorrichtung, elektrische verbindungsanordnung mit der verbesserten fool-beständigen vorrichtung und zugehöriges montageverfahren
FR3012685A1 (fr) Borne de serrage d'une connexion electrique

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19860922

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19880128

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN

18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19900430

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: GUENIN, GERARD

Inventor name: DE MENDEZ, MICHEL

Inventor name: BARGAIN, RAYMOND

Inventor name: HERUBEL, GUY