EP0210868A1 - An organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography - Google Patents

An organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0210868A1
EP0210868A1 EP86305899A EP86305899A EP0210868A1 EP 0210868 A1 EP0210868 A1 EP 0210868A1 EP 86305899 A EP86305899 A EP 86305899A EP 86305899 A EP86305899 A EP 86305899A EP 0210868 A1 EP0210868 A1 EP 0210868A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parts
weight
photosensitive layer
vinylcarbazole
poly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86305899A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yuumi Amakawa
Toru Nakazawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Mita Industrial Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mita Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mita Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Mita Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of EP0210868A1 publication Critical patent/EP0210868A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
    • G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
    • G03G5/0532—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
    • G03G5/0539—Halogenated polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
    • G03G5/07—Polymeric photoconductive materials
    • G03G5/071—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • G03G5/072—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising pending monoamine groups
    • G03G5/073—Polymeric photoconductive materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising pending monoamine groups comprising pending carbazole groups
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
    • G03G5/0528—Macromolecular bonding materials
    • G03G5/0532—Macromolecular bonding materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsatured bonds
    • G03G5/0546—Polymers comprising at least one carboxyl radical, e.g. polyacrylic acid, polycrotonic acid, polymaleic acid; Derivatives thereof, e.g. their esters, salts, anhydrides, nitriles, amides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography which is superior in mechanical strength and which has an enhanced sensitivity.
  • organic photosensitive materials poly-N-vinylcarbazole is generally used, but it is brittle so that the resulting photosensitive layer is inferior in abrasion-resistance.
  • a conventional organic photosensitive material which contains poly-N-vinylcarbazole and polycarbonate as an additive functioning to improve the abrasion-resistance of the resulting photosensitive material is known, the abrasion-resistance is still insufficient, so that the organic photosensitive material cannot provide organic photosensitive compositions having excellent durability.
  • the invention described herein makes possible the objects of (1) providing an organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography which is superior in mechanical strength; (2) providing an organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography from which a photosensitive layer having an extremely hard surface can be produced allowing for the minimization of a decrease in the surface potential of the photosensitive layer, resulting in a distinct and clear image; (3) providing an organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography which has an enhanced sensitivity; and (4) an organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography in which the reduction of the surface potential due to repeated light exposure is very much decreased.
  • This invention provides a novel organic photosensitive layer having extremely superior abrasion-resistance and extremely high surface-hardness, compared with conventional photosensitive layers, notwithstanding that the photosensitive layer is made using vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer which is neither hard nor binding. Therefore, resin materials having a high degree of hardness such as polycarbonate need not be used as an additive for improving a mechanical strength of poly-N-vinylcarbazole.
  • vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer is contained in an amount of 5 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 7 to 15 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of poly-N-vinylcarbazole.
  • vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer is contained in an amount of less than 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of poly-N-vinylcarbazole, the resulting photosensitive layer has insufficient mechanical strength.
  • Vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer is synthesized by ordinal radical polymerization using radical polymerization initiators such as peroxides (e.g., benzoyl peroxide), azo-compounds (e.g., azobisisobutyronitrile), etc.
  • radical polymerization initiators such as peroxides (e.g., benzoyl peroxide), azo-compounds (e.g., azobisisobutyronitrile), etc.
  • known electron acceptors may be incorporated in an amount of 10 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 35 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of poly-N-vinylcarbazole.
  • these electron acceptors chloranil, naphthoquinone, phthalic anhydride, nitrofluorenone, etc., can be used.
  • the mixture was coated on an aluminum plate having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m by means of a wire bar and dried at 100°C for 1 hour, resulting in a photoconductor having a photosensitive layer thereon with a thickness of 14 ⁇ m.
  • the photosensitive layer had a surface-hardness of 2H, which was determined by comparison with the hardness of pencils according to JIS (the Japanese Industrial Standards) scale of HB, F, H, 2H, ....
  • the photoconductor was applied to an electrophotographic copying machine DC-191 (supplied by Mita Industrial Co., Ltd.) wherein an electrophotographic process was repeated 4 x 10 4 times.
  • the accompanying figure shows the relationship between the aging cycle of the photosensitive layer and the thickness of the photosensitive layer, indicating that wear of the photosensitive layer of this invention was surprisingly minimized even though it was used in a electrophotographic copying machine for a long period of time, compared with a conventional photosensitive layer.
  • the sensitivity of the photosensitive layer of this invention was 15 lux-second, which is the exposure quantity for half decay of the potential.
  • the surface potentials of the photosensitive layer were 600 V and 550 V at the first and the 500th cycle, respectively. The difference therebetween was only 50 V, indicating that the reduction of the surface potential due to the repeated light exposure was surprisingly decreased (i.e., the aging characteristic is extremely improved).
  • the residual potential of the photosensitive layer which was 20 V at the first, was largely retained even at the 500th cycle, indicating that the photosensitive layer supplied clear and distinct images over a long period of time.
  • the sensitivity of the control photosensitive layer was about 32 lux ⁇ second, which contrasts strikingly with that of the photosensitive layer of this invention, 15 lux-second.
  • the surface potential of the control photosensitive layer was 600 V at the first and it was almost unchanged even at the 500th cycle of a charging-discharging (exposure) process, but the residual potential of the control photosensitive layer, which was 100 V at the first, increased to 150 V at the 500th cycle.
  • These values of the residual potential of the control layer are very much higher than that of the photosensitive layer of this invention, as low as 20 V.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
EP86305899A 1985-07-31 1986-07-31 An organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography Withdrawn EP0210868A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60170263A JPS6230253A (ja) 1985-07-31 1985-07-31 電子写真用有機感光体
JP170263/85 1985-07-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0210868A1 true EP0210868A1 (en) 1987-02-04

Family

ID=15901692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86305899A Withdrawn EP0210868A1 (en) 1985-07-31 1986-07-31 An organic photosensitive composition for electrophotography

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0210868A1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS6230253A (ja)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2649039B1 (fr) * 1989-06-30 1995-06-30 Shachihata Industrial Caractere d'imprimerie rigide et procede pour preparer une matiere poreuse rigide utilisee pour sa production

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3917482A (en) * 1970-11-09 1975-11-04 Canon Kk Photoconductive polymers of thiocyano-substituted-9-vinylcarbazoles
US3938994A (en) * 1972-03-17 1976-02-17 Eastman Kodak Company Pyrylium dyes for electrophotographic composition and element
US4160666A (en) * 1977-05-25 1979-07-10 Eastman Kodak Company Polymeric chemical sensitizers for organic photoconductive compositions
US4302522A (en) * 1974-01-21 1981-11-24 Garnett John L Method of making polymeric photoconductive material involves partial polymerization step
DE3329054A1 (de) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-16 Canon K.K., Tokyo Lichtempfindliches aufzeichnungselement fuer elektrofotografische zwecke
US4451548A (en) * 1981-03-13 1984-05-29 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photoreceptor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3917482A (en) * 1970-11-09 1975-11-04 Canon Kk Photoconductive polymers of thiocyano-substituted-9-vinylcarbazoles
US3938994A (en) * 1972-03-17 1976-02-17 Eastman Kodak Company Pyrylium dyes for electrophotographic composition and element
US4302522A (en) * 1974-01-21 1981-11-24 Garnett John L Method of making polymeric photoconductive material involves partial polymerization step
US4160666A (en) * 1977-05-25 1979-07-10 Eastman Kodak Company Polymeric chemical sensitizers for organic photoconductive compositions
US4451548A (en) * 1981-03-13 1984-05-29 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic photoreceptor
DE3329054A1 (de) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-16 Canon K.K., Tokyo Lichtempfindliches aufzeichnungselement fuer elektrofotografische zwecke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6230253A (ja) 1987-02-09

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Inventor name: NAKAZAWA, TORU

Inventor name: AMAKAWA, YUUMI