EP0207329A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour transformer de l'énergie électrique en énergie calorifique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour transformer de l'énergie électrique en énergie calorifique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0207329A1
EP0207329A1 EP86107848A EP86107848A EP0207329A1 EP 0207329 A1 EP0207329 A1 EP 0207329A1 EP 86107848 A EP86107848 A EP 86107848A EP 86107848 A EP86107848 A EP 86107848A EP 0207329 A1 EP0207329 A1 EP 0207329A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dielectric
vessel
electrical energy
housing
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86107848A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Siefert
Zdravko Mladenovic
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0207329A1 publication Critical patent/EP0207329A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/46—Dielectric heating
    • H05B6/62—Apparatus for specific applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/60—Heating arrangements wherein the heating current flows through granular powdered or fluid material, e.g. for salt-bath furnace, electrolytic heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for converting electrical energy into thermal energy, in which electrical energy is supplied to an arrangement of two fixed electrodes and a dielectric between them, and a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • the dielectric is a solid body so that, in principle, resistance heating is formed.
  • electric space heaters of this type have a comparatively low efficiency, so that their use is considered at best as an additional heater even with the currently extremely high costs for fossil fuels.
  • these media In the treatment of granular bulk material in a high-frequency field (see DE-GM 17 10 650) or in the treatment and processing of highly abrasive materials in a high-frequency field (see GB-PS 617 333), these media have already been used as a dielectric, but it is essential that the dielectric itself is heated. Any application for heating purposes is neither intended nor is it actually done. Rather, the efficiency is too poor here, too, so that the principle could be used sensibly when heating any environment.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that, on the one hand, the dielectric is of essential importance and that, on the other hand, a method can be used in which high energy has to be supplied in an initial phase, but in which much less energy has to be supplied in a continuous operating phase than usual, so that overall a more favorable overall efficiency can be achieved at least after a certain time.
  • the device according to the invention is further developed by the features of claims 5 to 1 0 .
  • the Vorrich device 1 has a housing 2, which in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 consists of a pot-shaped vessel 3 / which is formed in one piece from the outer wall 7 of a container 6 for the medium 14 to be heated.
  • a lid 4 which here has a neck projecting into the interior of the pot-shaped vessel 3, is firmly connected to the pot-shaped vessel 3 externally in a fluid-tight and pressure-tight manner via a seal 8 by means of screw connections 10.
  • a dielectric 9 specifically a mixture of a high-purity metal and distilled water or transformer oil or the like.
  • a steel electrode 11 through an insulating bushing 12 or a seal is through the lid 4 passed through, wherein the rod electrode 11 is also carried out fluid and pressure tight.
  • 1 shows an embodiment in which two rod electrodes 11 of this type are provided.
  • the two stick electrodes 11 are connected to a direct current power source 15. This type of connection is preferred, although it is possible to use a cup-shaped vessel 3 made of conductive material as an electrode.
  • the current source 15 has a controller 16 by means of which a control of the current intensity can be achieved depending on the state of the dielectric 9.
  • the mixture used for the dielectric 9 It is essential for the mixture used for the dielectric 9 that it is very intimate and uniform in the operating state. However, this can also be achieved before the filling, even after the filling, but if this is to be achieved after the filling, a higher energy expenditure is required during the initial operating phase significantly higher temperatures can occur. Furthermore, it is expedient to produce larger amounts of dielectric, for example using a suitable distillation apparatus, in such a way that a vapor phase of the mixture can be achieved at least in the continuous operating phase.
  • the controller 16 controls the current source 15 in such a way that high electrical energy is supplied in an initial operating phase until the dielectric 9 in the pot-shaped vessel 3 oscillates at the resonance frequency. If this vibrational state is reached, it is sufficient to supply small amounts of energy in order to maintain the resonant vibrational state. This vibrational state continues on the vessel 3 and finally on the medium 14 to be heated and heats it. Care must be taken to ensure that the medium is rapidly circulated at the boundary layer between the medium 14 and the pot-shaped vessel 3 in order to avoid local overheating.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is essentially similar to that according to FIG. 1.
  • the pot-shaped vessel 3 of the housing 2 can be connected to the outer wall 7 of the container 6 by means of a screw connection 10 with the interposition of a seal 13.
  • the structure corresponds essentially to that according to FIG. 1, only the shape of the insulating bushing differs in design terms from that according to FIG. 1, but the mode of operation is basically the same.
  • the device according to FIG. 2 has a current source 17 for alternating current supply on.
  • the current source 17 contains a high-frequency generator 19 and a rectangular source generator 20, so that the stick electrodes 11 are supplied with a high-frequency non-sinusoidal alternating current.
  • a control 18 of the current source 17 also achieves here that after the resonant vibration state of the dielectric 9 has been reached, the energy is only supplied to the extent that this resonant vibration state is maintained.
  • the design of the rod electrode 11 and the housing 2 can be freely selected insofar as it is ensured that, on the one hand, no chemical reactions occur between the rod electrode, dielectric and housing, and that the necessary pressure resistance and temperature resistance are also ensured for all operating states remains.
  • Ceramic materials in particular glass materials, are suitable, for example, as insulating materials that can achieve high liquid tightness. But plastics with appropriate pressure resistance, chemical resistance and also temperature resistance are also suitable. Furthermore, it can also be considered to weld the lid 4 to the cup-shaped vessel 3 after filling with the dielectric 9 to the outside in a fluid-tight and pressure-tight manner. The insulation bushing can be melted or cast in.
  • Pressure tightness of at least 300 bar, preferably 1000 bar and temperature resistance of approximately 1000 ° C. are expedient.
  • the device according to the invention can be used wherever a medium 14 to be heated can also be removed again relatively quickly.
  • the invention can be used where liquids and gases or the like. Flowable materials are to be heated.
  • the device according to the invention can also be installed in existing systems, such as heating radiators or the like.
  • a radiator A with electric heating has twelve fins (16 x 20 cm), corresponding to a simple heating surface of 1.152 m '.
  • the electric radiator In a 24-hour operation, the electric radiator emits 24 x 2 x 860 kcal - 41,280 kcal. There were specific costs of 0.12 DM / kWh.
  • a value of 6127 kcal / h corresponds to 6.73 operating hours.
  • the 24-hour operation costs DM 5.76 in the former case, DM 4.80 (DM 0.70 / 1) in the second case and DM 2.02 in the third case (electricity costs at the applicant). It follows that, with a device according to the application, heating can be at least half cheaper than in conventional devices, in continuous operation. In addition, it is space-saving and low-noise and only requires the simplest and shortest supply lines. It can also be used at low operating temperatures.
  • Non-sinusoidal current i.e. angular current in any form, in particular rectangular current, further increases the efficiency.
  • the efficiency ratio compared to alternating current at 50 Hz is 1: 1.3 to 1.5.
  • the high temperatures on the outside of the housing 2 that can in principle be achieved by the device according to the present invention also permit other applications. It appears possible to split the water or to apply the principle where steam is generated and converted into kinetic energy.
  • the rod electrodes 11, as shown in FIG. 2 can be of different lengths and a conical insert containing the insulation feedthroughs can be used, which widens towards the inside of the vessel.
  • the housing 2 can also be divisible near the end lying inside the container 6 and can be connected there firmly but releasably, for example via a screw connection.
  • the rod electrodes 11 can be provided in whole or in part with sheet-like elements which increase the area.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
EP86107848A 1985-06-12 1986-06-09 Procédé et dispositif pour transformer de l'énergie électrique en énergie calorifique Withdrawn EP0207329A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3521102 1985-06-12
DE19853521102 DE3521102A1 (de) 1985-06-12 1985-06-12 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum umwandeln elektrischer energie in waermeenergie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0207329A1 true EP0207329A1 (fr) 1987-01-07

Family

ID=6273101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86107848A Withdrawn EP0207329A1 (fr) 1985-06-12 1986-06-09 Procédé et dispositif pour transformer de l'énergie électrique en énergie calorifique

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0207329A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3521102A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015082944A1 (fr) 2013-12-02 2015-06-11 Koós-Varju János Élément chauffant alimenté par courant alternatif et générateur de chaleur formé à partir dudit élément chauffant
EP2929242A4 (fr) * 2012-12-05 2016-07-20 Kim No Eul Chaudière à électrodes comportant une unité d'électrodes
KR20160093667A (ko) * 2013-12-02 2016-08-08 야노시 코오시-바류 교류에 의해 작동되는 가열 요소 및 이 가열 요소에 의해 달성되는 발열기
WO2020048832A1 (fr) * 2018-09-03 2020-03-12 Enas Ag Générateur d'ondes à onduleur pour équilibrer la température de l'eau et procédé d'équilibrage de la température d'un fluide d'équilibrage de température

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR871027A (fr) * 1941-03-22 1942-04-03 élément de chauffe électrique
US3641302A (en) * 1970-03-18 1972-02-08 Ralph G Sargeant Apparatus for treating liquids with high-frequency electrical energy
US4039737A (en) * 1976-02-13 1977-08-02 Kemper Eugene L Electric immersion heating apparatus and methods of constructing and utilizing same
FR2350759A1 (fr) * 1976-05-06 1977-12-02 Danko Etienne Installation productrice et utilisatrice d'energie calorifique par electrolyse d'un fluide actif a rendement calorifique sur l'effet joule superieur a l'unite
DE3000498A1 (de) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-23 Reeb, Gerda, 8861 Fremdingen Elektrische heizeinrichtung fuer heizkoerper, heizkessel o.dgl.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR871027A (fr) * 1941-03-22 1942-04-03 élément de chauffe électrique
US3641302A (en) * 1970-03-18 1972-02-08 Ralph G Sargeant Apparatus for treating liquids with high-frequency electrical energy
US4039737A (en) * 1976-02-13 1977-08-02 Kemper Eugene L Electric immersion heating apparatus and methods of constructing and utilizing same
FR2350759A1 (fr) * 1976-05-06 1977-12-02 Danko Etienne Installation productrice et utilisatrice d'energie calorifique par electrolyse d'un fluide actif a rendement calorifique sur l'effet joule superieur a l'unite
DE3000498A1 (de) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-23 Reeb, Gerda, 8861 Fremdingen Elektrische heizeinrichtung fuer heizkoerper, heizkessel o.dgl.

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9841183B2 (en) 2012-12-05 2017-12-12 No Eul Kim Electrode boiler with electrodes unit
EP2929242A4 (fr) * 2012-12-05 2016-07-20 Kim No Eul Chaudière à électrodes comportant une unité d'électrodes
KR20160093667A (ko) * 2013-12-02 2016-08-08 야노시 코오시-바류 교류에 의해 작동되는 가열 요소 및 이 가열 요소에 의해 달성되는 발열기
WO2015082944A1 (fr) 2013-12-02 2015-06-11 Koós-Varju János Élément chauffant alimenté par courant alternatif et générateur de chaleur formé à partir dudit élément chauffant
US20160309547A1 (en) * 2013-12-02 2016-10-20 János KOÓS-VARJU Heating element powered by alternating current and heat generator accomplished by the heating element
JP2017502461A (ja) * 2013-12-02 2017-01-19 ヤノス コース−ヴァリュ 交流により電力を供給される発熱体および発熱体によって達成される熱発生器
CN105830531A (zh) * 2013-12-02 2016-08-03 约翰·库斯瓦杰 通过交流电供电的加热元件和通过所述加热元件实现的热量产生器
EA030370B1 (ru) * 2013-12-02 2018-07-31 Янош Коош-Варью Нагревательный элемент, питаемый переменным током, и теплогенератор, оснащенный таким нагревательным элементом
US10362640B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2019-07-23 János KOÓS-VARJU Heating element powered by alternating current and heat generator accomplished by the heating element
CN105830531B (zh) * 2013-12-02 2019-12-20 约翰·库斯瓦杰 通过交流电供电的加热元件和热量产生器
KR102354797B1 (ko) 2013-12-02 2022-01-21 야노시 코오시-바류 교류에 의해 작동되는 가열 요소 및 이 가열 요소에 의해 달성되는 발열기
WO2020048832A1 (fr) * 2018-09-03 2020-03-12 Enas Ag Générateur d'ondes à onduleur pour équilibrer la température de l'eau et procédé d'équilibrage de la température d'un fluide d'équilibrage de température
US20210188661A1 (en) * 2018-09-03 2021-06-24 Enas Ag Inverter wave generator for tempering water and method for tempering a tempering medium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3521102A1 (de) 1986-12-18

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