EP0203065B1 - Cyclone separator - Google Patents

Cyclone separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0203065B1
EP0203065B1 EP85900590A EP85900590A EP0203065B1 EP 0203065 B1 EP0203065 B1 EP 0203065B1 EP 85900590 A EP85900590 A EP 85900590A EP 85900590 A EP85900590 A EP 85900590A EP 0203065 B1 EP0203065 B1 EP 0203065B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separating chamber
location
separator
tract
vector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85900590A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0203065A1 (en
EP0203065A4 (en
Inventor
Gavan James Joseph Prendergast
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lubrizol Specialty Products Inc
Original Assignee
Conoco Specialty Products Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conoco Specialty Products Inc filed Critical Conoco Specialty Products Inc
Publication of EP0203065A1 publication Critical patent/EP0203065A1/en
Publication of EP0203065A4 publication Critical patent/EP0203065A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0203065B1 publication Critical patent/EP0203065B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a cyclone separator for separating a denser component of a mixture of liquids from a less dense component thereof, said separator being of a kind having an axially extending separating chamber having towards one end inlet means for admission of the mixture with a tangential flow component, the separating chamber having an axially positioned overflow outlet adjacent said one end and said separating chamber being of generally tapered form with a relatively larger cross-sectional size at said one end and a relatively small cross-sectional size at an axially positioned underflow outlet at the end of the separating chamber opposite said one end, wherein in use the denser component is directed to the underflow outlet in a fashion such as to encompass an inner axially positioned core of the less dense component which is subjected at least over a substantial part of its length to a pressure differential causing it to flow to the overflow outlet.
  • a cyclone separator is described, for example in AU-A--s17105/79.
  • a cyclone separator as above described is characterized in that said inlet means is defined by a portion of the separating chamber and at least one inlet tract communicating with said portion, said portion being that portion of the separating chamber which is at the same lengthwise position as the or each inlet tract, and the or each said tract being of a profiled configuration as defined in claim 1.
  • a particular preferred form of profile in accordance with the invention is an involute form arranged to admit the liquid in a spiral path.
  • an end wall of the separating chamber, through which said overflow outlet communicates with the separating chamber is formed of curved configuration such as being concave or convex when viewed in axial section.
  • the overflow outlet is also preferably in the form of a duct which extends through an end wall of the separating chamber and projects into the separating chamber.
  • the separator 10 is generally of the form described in Patent Application AU-A-47105/79 and comprises a separating chamber 12 having three coaxially arranged separating chamber portions 14,16,18 of generally cyclindrical configuration. These are of diameters and lengths d l , 1 1 ; d 2 , 1 2 ; and d 3 , 1 3 respectively. Portion 14 is of greater diameter than portion 16 and portion 18 is of lesser diameter than portion 16.
  • a tapered section 17 may be provided between portions 14 and 16. Although the portion 16 shown exhibits a first section of parallel sided form followed by a tapered section, in practice, it is possible to form portion 16 as having a constant taper over its length.
  • An involute inlet pipe 20 is provided to the separating chamber portion 14, this opening into a side wall of the separating chamber at an inlet opening 23.
  • An overflow outlet 25 is provided on the axis of the separating chamber portion 14, this leading to an axial overflow pipe 27.
  • the involute inlet pipe 20 spirals around the periphery of the separating chamber portion 14 and exhibits a gradually decreasing cross sectional area as it approaches the opening 23.
  • the pipe 20 and opening 23 may be of rectangular cross section.
  • the separator 10 functions generally in accordance with past practice in that the liquid mixture admitted into the separating chamber via the inlet pipe 20 is subjected to centrifugal action causing the separated liquid components to be ejected on the one hand from the outlet 24 and on the other through the outlet 25.
  • the denser phase material flows to the underflow outlet 24 in an annular cross-sectioned flow around the wall of the separating chamber whilst the lighter phase forms a central core 40 which is subjected to differential pressure action driving the liquid therein out the overflow outlet 25.
  • the separating chamber 12 is constructed somewhat in accordance with the teachings of Australian patent specification 47105/79.
  • the separating chamber is described as having the following dimensional relationships: where A, is the total cross-sectional area of the feed inlet, provided by inlet opening 23, do is the diameter of the overflow outlet 25 and the remaining terms have the meanings ascribed to above.
  • A is the total cross-sectional area of the feed inlet, provided by inlet opening 23
  • do is the diameter of the overflow outlet 25 and the remaining terms have the meanings ascribed to above.
  • A is the total cross-sectional area of the feed inlet, provided by inlet opening 23
  • do is the diameter of the overflow outlet 25 and the remaining terms have the meanings ascribed to above.
  • a variant construction is described having parameters as above described save for the ratio d o ld 2 which is specified in that case to be less than 0.1.
  • Separators constructed in accordance with this variant form may also be adapted for use in the present invention.
  • the separator of this invention may advantageously be characterised by having the ratio 1 2 /d 2 at least equal to 10. Also, for separators intended for separating relatively small quantities of less dense liquid, such as oil, from relatively larger quantities of more dense liquid such as water, the ratio d,/d 2 may be in the range 1.5 to 3.0, such as 2.0.
  • the inlet means of the separator is shown as comprising an inlet tract 80 together with a portion of the separating chamber of the separator which is lengthwise adjacent thereto.
  • the separator shown in Figure 1 is described as having three distinct portions of successively decreasing diameters, it is not essential that the separator be so formed as it could, for example, exhibit any generally tapered configuration extending from a larger diameter end adjacent the overflow outlet to a smaller cross section end adjacent the underflow outlet.
  • the tract 80 is shown as having an outer profile 82 and an inner profile 84.
  • the diameter D of the cyclone separator as shown in Figure 6 corresponds to the diameter d, in Figure 1, since the inlet tract 80 (as in the case of the Figure 1 construction) communicates with the separating chamber at the larger diameter end thereof.
  • the tract 80 is considered as extending from a location indicated generally by reference numeral 85 inwardly towards the separating chamber.
  • the location 85 is defined as a point beyond which, reckoned in the direction inwardly towards the separating chamber the flow of inlet liquid cannot be described by the simple flow equations.
  • the points 83, 87 on the outer and inner profiles aligned with location 85 are points where, if the profiles were projected outwardly therefrom in parallel relationship the separator would operate substantially the same as if the profiles were continued in the profiled configurations defined in accordance with this invention.
  • outwardly projected is meant a projection from the respective profile which is substantially tangential at the point of meeting the respective profile.
  • Point 83 will in fact be very much further around the outer profile than shown in the drawings, in order that this requirement can be met. From the respective points 83, 87 on the outer and inner profiles respectively the profiles extend in spiral fashion inwardly to meet the circumferential surface 86 of the separating chamber. Locations at which the profiles so meet circumference 86 are designated respectively by letters "C” and "E". Practically, although the profile 84 is shown as joining circumference 86 by continuance of the profile inwardly until it meets the circumference 86 at the point "E", for mechanical reasons it is frequently simplier and more effective to round the junction between the profile 84 and the circumference 86 by providing a rounded portion 84a (indicated by broken lines).
  • the outer profile 82 is such that vector T describing the location of any particular point on the outer profile and contained in a plane normal to said axis, and having its origin at location "C", is such that as the magnitude of the vector T increases, an angle 8 between the vector T and a tangent 92 to circumference 86 passing through said location "C" never decreases and never becomes less than zero for all magnitudes of T less than ⁇ D where ⁇ D is the length of the outer profile 82 of the inlet tract, viewed axially of the separating chamber, D being the diameter of the portion of the separating chamber at which circumference 86 prevails.
  • This profile length is that extending between points "C" and 83.
  • a vector U describing the location of any particular point on the inner profile 64 and having its point of origin at location "E” is such that as the magnitude of vector U increases, the angle a between vector U and a tangent 93 to said circumference which passes through said location "E” never decreases and never becomes less than zero, for all magnitude of vector U less than aD, at least for substantial magnitudes of vector U, where aD is the length of the inner profile 84, viewed axially of the separating chamber. This profile length is that extending between points "E” and 87.
  • substantial magnitude of vector U we mean that in the vicinity of the location "E", vector U may not be defined because of possible rounding of the inner profile as previously described.
  • the cross sectional area A of the tract 80 measured in a radial and axial plane passing through the location where the inner profile 84 actually terminates is preferably defined as:
  • the angle measured about the axis of the separator between the points "C” and “E” was 86°.
  • the inner profile 84 was terminated by a curved portion 84a co-joining with circumference 86, this portion had a curvature of approximately 0.5 mm and located some 110° around the axis of the separator from the point "C".
  • the tract 80 may have a rectangular transverse cross section such as having longer sides extending parallel to the axis of the separator and of length W and shorter sides contained in planes normal to the axis of the separator and of length t. In this case for a single inlet tract 80 the following relationships may prevail. and Generally, W will be greater than t.
  • Figure 8 shows a further modification of the separator in accordance with the invention where the inlet tract 80 is shown as extending with its mean flow path 93 for liquid flowing therein as being at an angle to the axis 95 of the separator rather than being normal thereto as illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the axis 93 of tract 80 makes an angle to axis in the range
  • tract is of rectangular cross section it is preferred that it be of such rectangular cross section at least over a length qD where q is less than a.
  • the described separator inlet configuration may also readily be employed where more than one tract 80 is provided.
  • the total cross sectional area of all the tracts measured radially of the separator through respective points "E" should equal the area A.
  • the total area A is related to the lengths and widths of the individual feed tracts at the relevant cross sections as follows: where t n and W n are the width and length respectively of the n" tract.
  • the described separator has been found to provide excellent operating characteristics when separating smaller quantities of oil from larger quantities of water.
  • Figure 3 shows a modification of the separator of Figure 1.
  • the end wall 50 of the separating chamber portion 14, adjacent overflow outlet 25, is formed of concave form.
  • the end wall 50 is shown in a further modification as exhibiting a convex form when viewed in axial section.
  • Figure 5 shows a still further modification where the overflow inlet 25 is formed from a pipe 27 having a portion 27a which extends through wall 50 (in this case, shown as being linear in axial section) and into the separating chamber 14 a short distance.
  • involute is used in this specification to describe a curve being the locus of the end of a piece of string uncoiled from a base circle. As can be seen from the drawings the base circle need not be the circle of diameter D.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
EP85900590A 1984-01-24 1985-01-24 Cyclone separator Expired - Lifetime EP0203065B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPG331184 1984-01-24
AU3311/84 1984-01-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0203065A1 EP0203065A1 (en) 1986-12-03
EP0203065A4 EP0203065A4 (en) 1988-03-22
EP0203065B1 true EP0203065B1 (en) 1990-08-08

Family

ID=3770481

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85900590A Expired - Lifetime EP0203065B1 (en) 1984-01-24 1985-01-24 Cyclone separator

Country Status (22)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0203065B1 (cs)
JP (1) JPS61501012A (cs)
KR (1) KR850700118A (cs)
AU (2) AU3886685A (cs)
BR (1) BR8504916A (cs)
CA (1) CA1269952A (cs)
CS (1) CS49385A2 (cs)
CU (1) CU21960A1 (cs)
DE (1) DE3579162D1 (cs)
DK (1) DK164575C (cs)
ES (1) ES8608342A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB2182868B (cs)
IE (1) IE850138L (cs)
IL (1) IL74139A (cs)
IN (1) IN164072B (cs)
IT (1) IT1182146B (cs)
MX (1) MX162038A (cs)
MY (1) MY102231A (cs)
NO (1) NO168993C (cs)
PL (1) PL251707A1 (cs)
WO (1) WO1985003242A1 (cs)
ZA (1) ZA85547B (cs)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005234A1 (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-11 Carroll, Noel Cyclone separator
CA1317237C (en) * 1987-03-03 1993-05-04 Martin Thomas Thew Cyclone separator
GB2437064B (en) * 2006-04-13 2011-04-13 Ford Global Tech Llc A degas apparatus for the cooling system of an engine
RU2488447C2 (ru) * 2011-07-08 2013-07-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "СОМЭКС" Гидроциклон с криволинейной образующей внутренней поверхности (варианты)

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB315007A (en) * 1928-01-05 1929-07-05 Thomas Morgan Barlow Improvements in or relating to steam separators
DE553753C (de) * 1930-10-02 1932-06-30 Theodor Froehlich A G Fliehkraftstaubabscheider
GB473484A (en) * 1935-04-12 1937-10-11 Adam Johannes Ter Linden Centrifugal means for the extraction of grit from flowing gases
NL43657C (nl) * 1936-11-19 1938-07-15 Cyclooafscheider voor het afscheiden van vloeistofdruppels en stofdeeltjes uit stroomende gassen of dampen
DE681033C (de) * 1937-06-29 1939-09-13 Theodor Froehlich A G Fliehkraftstaubabscheider
BE511939A (cs) * 1950-04-25
DE1090940B (de) * 1954-07-30 1960-10-13 Reinhold Kamps Dipl Ing Dr Fliehkraftstaubabscheider mit einem oder mehreren in einem Gehaeuse angeordneten Zyklonen, insbesondere fuer Krackanlagen
BE574344A (cs) * 1957-12-31
US3306461A (en) * 1964-08-18 1967-02-28 Int Minerals & Chem Corp Hydrocyclone
FR1500352A (fr) * 1966-09-22 1967-11-03 Dipa épurateur à action centrifuge
DE1642903A1 (de) * 1967-04-11 1971-04-29 Moc Werkzeuge Appbau Peter Dan Zyklon zum Abscheiden von Feststoffteilchen aus einem fluessigen oder gasfoermigen Traegermedium
GB1190298A (en) * 1968-09-19 1970-04-29 Otomar Sedivy Centrifugal Separator
DE2038045C3 (de) * 1970-07-31 1981-12-10 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Zyklon
HU165483B (cs) * 1970-12-04 1974-09-28
AU470888B2 (en) * 1971-12-09 1976-04-01 State Electricity Commission Of Victoria Improvements in and relating to stream dividers
SU423514A1 (ru) * 1972-06-22 1974-04-15 Е. И. Павловский Циклон
DE2635421A1 (de) * 1976-08-06 1978-02-09 Uhde Gmbh Friedrich Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abtrennung von fluessigen bis festen verunreinigungen eines heissen gases einer kohledruckvergasung
US4400267A (en) * 1981-08-03 1983-08-23 Baker International Corporation Seal structure for hydrocyclones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR850700118A (ko) 1985-10-25
ES8608342A1 (es) 1986-06-16
IL74139A (en) 1988-01-31
BR8504916A (pt) 1986-01-21
GB2182868B (en) 1988-11-02
CA1269952A (en) 1990-06-05
DK164575B (da) 1992-07-20
GB8617436D0 (en) 1986-08-28
IT8547591A0 (it) 1985-01-24
EP0203065A1 (en) 1986-12-03
DK373285D0 (da) 1985-08-16
WO1985003242A1 (en) 1985-08-01
IE850138L (en) 1985-07-24
DE3579162D1 (de) 1990-09-13
JPS61501012A (ja) 1986-05-22
CU21961A3 (es) 1992-06-05
NO168993C (no) 1992-04-29
GB2182868A (en) 1987-05-28
DK373285A (da) 1985-08-16
MY102231A (en) 1992-05-15
ES539761A0 (es) 1986-06-16
CU21960A1 (es) 1992-06-05
PL251707A1 (en) 1985-12-17
AU3885789A (en) 1989-11-02
DK164575C (da) 1992-12-14
NO168993B (no) 1992-01-20
CS49385A2 (en) 1991-07-16
ZA85547B (en) 1985-08-28
MX162038A (es) 1991-03-22
IT1182146B (it) 1987-09-30
IN164072B (cs) 1989-01-07
EP0203065A4 (en) 1988-03-22
AU3886685A (en) 1985-08-09
IT8547591A1 (it) 1986-07-24
AU610007B2 (en) 1991-05-09
IL74139A0 (en) 1985-04-30
NO853723L (no) 1985-09-23

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