EP0202791A1 - Alliages à base de titane - Google Patents

Alliages à base de titane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0202791A1
EP0202791A1 EP86303107A EP86303107A EP0202791A1 EP 0202791 A1 EP0202791 A1 EP 0202791A1 EP 86303107 A EP86303107 A EP 86303107A EP 86303107 A EP86303107 A EP 86303107A EP 0202791 A1 EP0202791 A1 EP 0202791A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hardness
titanium alloys
amount
alloy
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86303107A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Toshiyuki Watanabe
Yuzo Ohtakara
Hisao Kamiya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daido Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Daido Steel Co Ltd
Publication of EP0202791A1 publication Critical patent/EP0202791A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium

Definitions

  • This invention relates to titanium alloys, and in particular to titanium alloys having an excellent cold workability for use as materials for spacecrafts, aircrafts, automobiles, mechanical and structural components, biomaterials, goods for civilian use and so on.
  • Titanium alloys have a strength equal to that of steel and are light in weight, so that they have been extensively used as materials for spacecrafts and aircrafts for some time. Lately, they have begun to be used as materials for automobiles, mechanical and structural components, biomaterials, goods for civilian use and so on.
  • Known titanium alloys have various chemical compositions. Among them, a Ti-6A1-4V alloy is most used because it has stable mechanical properties and is easy to handle. However, this titanium alloy contains about 80% of the a-phase which has a hexagonal crystal structure having a small deformability, so that it is difficult to cold work the alloy by not less than 25%. Therefore, single phase type titanium alloys with the B-phase having a body-centered cubic crystal structure having a good cold workability are proving attractive. Examples of single B-phase type titanium alloys are Ti-11.5%Mo-6%Zr-4.5%Sn, Ti-13%V-11%Cr-3%Al, Ti-10%V-2%Fe-3%Al and the like.
  • the invention aims to overcome the aforementioned problems and to provide single B-phase type titanium alloys having an excellent cold workability. Furthermore, it is an object to provide such titanium alloys which, on cold forging, permit a long service life of the mould and do not cause baking to the die or roll when being cold drawn or cold rolled.
  • a single B-phase type titanium alloy having an excellent cold workability comprising, on a weight percentage, 8-25% of V, 0.5-5% of Al, less than 1.0% of Cr, not more than 1.0% of Fe, not more than 1.0% of Mn, and if desired, not more than 5% in total of at least one or more than one of 0.01-3.0% of REM and 0.01-1.0% of each of Ca, S, Se, Te, Pb and Bi, and the balance being substantially Ti.
  • V is a most important element according to the invention.
  • a single B-phase structure is attained by adding a B-phase stabilizing element.
  • the ⁇ -phase stabilizing element there are metallic elements such as Mo, V, Ta, Nb, Fe, Cr, Mn and the like. Among them, only Mo and V each forms a single B-phase alloy having a low strength, while when the single B-phase structure is formed by the addition of any of the other elements, the hardness (H R C) exceeds 25 and the cold workability lowers. Moreover, Mo has a high melting point, poor productivity and high cost, so that it is of poor practical use.
  • the inventors have made many experiments on these B-phase stabilizing elements, and have found that only V can improve the cold workability without increasing the hardness.
  • these experiments there was examined, for example, the relation between the amount of V added to the Ti alloy and the hardness after the solution treatment. That is, various titanium alloys based on Ti-4.5%Al-0.3%Cr having varying V amounts were melted through button arc melting to form 100g ingots. Then, each ingot was rolled into a rod 10mm in diameter, which was subjected to a solution treatment under a condition that it was heated at 900°C for 0.5 hour and cooled with water. The hardness and cold workability were measured after the solution treatment.
  • Figure 1 is shown a relation between the amount of V added to the Ti-4.5%Al-0.3%Cr alloy and the hardness after the solution treatment.
  • the reduction of the hardness is continued when the amount becomes not more than about 20%, and then levels out when it exceeds 20%.
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the results of a compression test using a specimen 6mm in diameter and 11.5mm in length, wherein the ordinate is a limit compression ratio being a value of strain (In[initial height (ho) / height after compression (h) ] ) when cracks are produced in the surface of the specimen, and shows that as the above value becomes larger, cracks are hardly produced by cold working.
  • the cold workability is enhanced in accordance with the increase of the V amount in the Ti-4.5%Al-0.3%Cr alloy.
  • the amount of V added in the titanium alloy is determined from a viewpoint of the fact that the hardness after the solution treatment is made low and the cold workability is enhanced.
  • the preferable amount of V is determined by the amount of Cr as a B-phase stabilizing element, from which it is limited to a range of 8-25% in the titanium alloy according to the invention. That is, as apparent from the above, when the amount of V is less than 8%, the a-phase is retained in the alloy to degrade the cold workability, while when it exceeds 25%, the age hardening is not caused and consequently high strength is not obtained in use.
  • the single ⁇ -phase type titanium alloys are usually used after they have been subjected to a solution treatment, cold working, and age hardening treatment.
  • the addition of Al raises the ductility after the age hardening treatment.
  • Al amount 0.5-3%.
  • the amount of A1 added is limited to a range of 0.5-5% in view of the enhancement of ductility and increase of hardness through A1 addition, the production cost and the like.
  • Cr is a ⁇ -phase stabilizing element and is effective for rendering the crystal structure of the base into a body-centered cubic system.
  • the amount of Cr is selected to be less than 1.0% owing to the effect of stabilizing the ⁇ -phase.
  • Fe and Mn are ⁇ -phase stabilizing elements and are effective for rendering the crystal structure of the base into a body-centered cubic system. However, it is desirable to add each of them in an amount as small as possible in order to decrease the hardness after the solution treatment.
  • V is 1, Mn is 2.4, and Fe is 4.3, and both the elements are cheap, so that their composite addition brings about ecconomical merits.
  • each of Fe and Mn is selected to be not more than 1.0%.
  • REM one or more than one of rare earth element: 0.01-3.0%
  • One or more than one of Ca, S, Se, Te, Pb and Bi 0.01-1.0% of each At least one or more than one of REM, Ca, S, Se, Te, Pb, and Bi : not more than 5% in total
  • All of REM, Ca, S, Se, Te, Pb and Bi are elements effective for improving the free cutting property of the titanium alloys.
  • the rare earth element REM forms a stable compound with S, Se, Te and the like to render inclusions into granules, and is effective for improving the toughness, ductility and free cutting property.
  • REM is added in an amount of not less than 0.01%, if necessary.
  • Ca forms a stable compound with S, Se, Te and the like to control the form of the inclusions, and is effective for improving the toughness, ductility and free cutting property.
  • Ca is added in an amount of not less than 0.01%. However, if the amount is too large, the corrosion resistance and fatigue strength of the titanium alloys are reduced, so that it should be limited to not more than 1.0%.
  • S, Se, Te, Pb and Bi are elements for improving the free cutting property of the titanium alloys as described above, and each of them is added in an amount of not less than 0.01%, if necessary. However, if it is too large, the hot workability of the titanium alloys is considerably decreased, so that it is limited to not more than 1.0% of each of these elements.
  • a titanium alloy having a chemical composition as shown in the following Table 1 was melted in a plasma progressive casting furnace and shaped into an ingot, which was forged into a rod 50mm in diameter. This rod was subjected to a solution treatment (heating at 800 0 C for 0.5 hour and cooling with water) to prepare a specimen.
  • the hardness of the specimen after the solution treatment was measured as follows, while the cutting test for the free cutting property and the compression test for the cold workability were carried out.
  • the measurement of the hardness was performed according to Rockwell C scale.
  • the cutting test was carried out under the conditions shown in the following Table 2 to measure a life rate of 1000mm, from which a ratio of the life rate when the conventional 6%Al-4%V-Ti alloy is 100, or a drill life rate ratio was evaluated.
  • the compression test was performed by compressing a specimen 6mm in diameter and 11.5 mm in height (ho) to a height (h), during which a deformation resistance was measured and evaluated as a cold workability.
  • the titanium alloys according to the invention (Nos. 1-3) have a fairly small deformation resistance and have considerably lower surface cracking as compared with the conventional alloys of Ti-6Al-4V (No. 12) and Ti-13V-llCr-3Al (No. 13). That is, the titanium alloys according to the invention (Nos. 1-3) have excellent cold workability, have a low drill life rate ratio as shown in Table 1, and have a good free cutting property. Furthermore, in case of the alloys (Nos.
  • the surface cracking is apt to be somewhat caused as shown in Figure 5, but is hardly caused as compared with the conventional alloy of Ti-6Al-4V (No. 12), while the drill life rate ratio is fairly high as compared with the conventional alloys (Nos. 12, 13), so that they are excellent in not only the cold workability but also the free cutting property.
  • the age hardening property of the titanium alloy shown in No. 7 . of Table 1 was examined.
  • the measured result is shown in Figure 6.
  • the hardness is increased by subjecting the alloy to an age hardening treatment after the solution treatment above 700°C, and in this case, the increase of the hardness is largest at the hardening temperature of 400 0 C.
  • hardness in H R C rises from 16 to 34 when the solution treating temperature is 900 0 C, from which it has been confirmed that the cold workability after the solution treatment is excellent and also the strength after the age hardening treatment is high.
  • the hardness after the age hardening treatment is raised only by the quantity hardened through the cold working.
  • the single B-phase type titanium alloys according to the invention consisting essentially of, by weight percentage of, 8-25% of V, 0.5-5% of Al, less than 1.0% of Cr, not more than 1.0% of Fe, not more than 1.0% of Mn, and if necessary, not more than 5% in total of at least one or more than one of 0.01-3.0% of REM and 0.01-1.0% in each of Ca, S, Se, Te, Pb and Bi, and the balance being substantially Ti, are excellent in the cold workability as compared with the existing alloy of Ti-6Al-4V.
  • the titanium alloys according to the invention can widely be applied to materials for spacecrafts, aircrafts, automobiles, mechanical structural components, biomaterial, goods for civilian use and so on by effectively utilizing light weight, corrosion resistance, high strength and the like of the titanium alloys.
  • the invention has an excellent effect, as a result of the light weight, strong toughness and low cost due to the good productivity of the titanium alloys, when they are used for valves, valve retainers, valve springs in automotive engine, frames of pairs of spectacles and the like.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
EP86303107A 1985-04-25 1986-04-24 Alliages à base de titane Withdrawn EP0202791A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60089847A JPH0699765B2 (ja) 1985-04-25 1985-04-25 冷間塑性加工性に優れたチタン合金
JP89847/85 1985-04-25

Publications (1)

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EP0202791A1 true EP0202791A1 (fr) 1986-11-26

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EP (1) EP0202791A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0699765B2 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994023080A1 (fr) * 1993-04-01 1994-10-13 The Secretary Of State For Defense ALLIAGE DE TITANE A PHASE β AMELIOREE
WO1994023079A1 (fr) * 1993-04-01 1994-10-13 The Secretary Of State For Defence Alliage de titane de phase quasi-beta
EP0748876A1 (fr) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-18 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Alliage de titane, pièce en alliage de titane et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en alliage de titane
CN105463252A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-06 毛培 一种La、Nd掺杂钛合金材料的制备方法
CN105463251A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-06 毛培 一种稀土增强钛合金材料的制备方法
CN105483433A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-13 毛培 一种稀土掺杂钛合金材料
CN105506370A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-20 毛培 一种Ce、Nd增强钛合金材料
RU2625148C1 (ru) * 2016-10-10 2017-07-11 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Лигатура

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11269585A (ja) * 1998-03-23 1999-10-05 Horikawa Inc Ｔｉ−Ｖ−Ａｌ系超弾性合金とその製造方法
JP4524584B2 (ja) * 2004-06-15 2010-08-18 大同特殊鋼株式会社 快削β型Ｔｉ合金
US10066282B2 (en) * 2014-02-13 2018-09-04 Titanium Metals Corporation High-strength alpha-beta titanium alloy

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2864697A (en) * 1956-01-23 1958-12-16 Mallory Sharon Metals Corp Titanium-vanadium-aluminum alloys
GB911148A (en) * 1958-09-09 1962-11-21 Crucible Steel International S Titanium-base alloys and processing thereof
GB1124962A (en) * 1965-05-22 1968-08-21 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Improvements in or relating to titanium alloys

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4837643A (fr) * 1971-09-15 1973-06-02
JPS5521823A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-02-16 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Fluorescent lamp

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2864697A (en) * 1956-01-23 1958-12-16 Mallory Sharon Metals Corp Titanium-vanadium-aluminum alloys
GB911148A (en) * 1958-09-09 1962-11-21 Crucible Steel International S Titanium-base alloys and processing thereof
GB1124962A (en) * 1965-05-22 1968-08-21 Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd Improvements in or relating to titanium alloys

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994023080A1 (fr) * 1993-04-01 1994-10-13 The Secretary Of State For Defense ALLIAGE DE TITANE A PHASE β AMELIOREE
WO1994023079A1 (fr) * 1993-04-01 1994-10-13 The Secretary Of State For Defence Alliage de titane de phase quasi-beta
EP0748876A1 (fr) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-18 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Alliage de titane, pièce en alliage de titane et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en alliage de titane
CN105463252A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-06 毛培 一种La、Nd掺杂钛合金材料的制备方法
CN105463251A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-06 毛培 一种稀土增强钛合金材料的制备方法
CN105483433A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-13 毛培 一种稀土掺杂钛合金材料
CN105506370A (zh) * 2015-12-15 2016-04-20 毛培 一种Ce、Nd增强钛合金材料
RU2625148C1 (ru) * 2016-10-10 2017-07-11 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Лигатура

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61250138A (ja) 1986-11-07
JPH0699765B2 (ja) 1994-12-07

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Inventor name: WATANABE, TOSHIYUKI

Inventor name: OHTAKARA, YUZO

Inventor name: KAMIYA, HISAO